JP2544683B2 - How to build an underground structure - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground structure such as an underground warehouse.

(Prior Art) When constructing an underground structure, a box-shaped frame body serving as an outer shell is constructed in the ground. Conventionally, the construction of this box-shaped frame body excavated the ground, placed concrete in this excavated part,
It was done by curing. That is, the construction of the conventional underground structure required the following procedures.

Excavate the ground with a size slightly larger than the planned box-shaped frame.

Crushed stones are laid on the excavated bottom, waste concrete is placed, and after marking is done, reinforcement for bottom slabs for floors is performed.

Place concrete for bottom slab and let it cure.

The wall reinforcement for the frame is performed.

Assemble the formwork for the wall plate.

Concrete is poured into this formwork and cured.

Remove the formwork and refill the ground around the outer periphery.

In addition, it was necessary to install a retaining wall on the site near the structure or on the site where open cutting cannot be done at a certain depth.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-described conventional construction method, the number of steps is large and the curing of concrete at the construction site is required, so that the construction period is long. In addition, excavation of the ground required excavation larger than the planned size (excess excavation), a certain amount of space was required on the site site, and when excavation was deep, extra work was required to drive the retaining wall. . Moreover, subsidence of the surrounding ground is likely to occur during excavation, and backfilling of the outer peripheral portion is required after construction of the frame body, and subsidence of the backfilled portion is also likely to occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and it is possible to construct a frame body in a short period of time by a simple construction with a small number of steps, without requiring a retaining wall, and in addition to subsidence. The purpose is to provide a method for constructing an underground structure that does not adversely affect the surrounding ground.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, an anchor is screwed to the ground from the inside of a box-shaped frame whose lower end is opened, and then a bridge member is connected to an upper part of the anchor via a jack. Attached
It is characterized in that the frame body is embedded in the ground by using the anchor as a reaction force with the spacer interposed between the bridging member and the frame body.

Then, next to this, a new frame body is embedded adjacent to the embedded frame body in the same manner as described above.

In addition, the anchor is screwed into the ground from the inside of the box-shaped frame body whose lower end is opened, and then the bridge member connected to the upper part of the anchor and the jack placed on the upper part of the frame are connected to each other. It is characterized by embedding the frame body in the ground as a force.

Then, next to this, a new frame body is embedded adjacent to the embedded frame body in the same manner as described above.

(Operation) By using the anchor embedded in the ground as a reaction force, the wall slab of the underground structure can be constructed only by burying the frame body in the ground. As the frame body, it is possible to use a frame body which has been manufactured to have a predetermined size in advance in a factory or the like, which eliminates the need for concrete pouring and curing on the site, and the ground excavation before the frame body is buried.

Furthermore, even if the jack operation amount is insufficient, the frame body can be completely buried, resulting in good work efficiency.
Since the frame can be press-fitted in a well-balanced manner, it is easy to adjust the inclination when press-fitting.

(Example) FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (g) show a basic step of burying a frame body, in which reference numeral 1 is a box body made of reinforced concrete in a box shape. The frame 1 is formed in a rectangular shape with an open lower end and an upper end, and a frame that has been finished to a predetermined size in a factory is transported to a construction site for use. However, it is also possible to manufacture a plate-shaped concrete wall body at a factory and assemble the concrete wall body in a box shape on site. The lower end of the frame 1 is formed in a pointed shape to facilitate entry into the ground. In addition, if the wall is made of PC concrete, the strength is high and the wall thickness can be thin.

Reference numeral 2 in the figure is an anchor such as an auger screw having a screw 4 at the lower portion of the rod 3. The anchor 2 is embedded in the ground from the inside of the frame 1 and is used as a reaction force when the frame 1 is pressed into the ground. The bridging member 5 is attached to a predetermined portion of the frame body 1, and a jack 6 for press-fitting the frame body 1 into the ground is attached in an upright state. The jack 6 has a piston rod 6 a whose distal end is connected to the rod 3 of the anchor 2 via a joint 7.

In this way, since the bridging member 5 is stretched over the frame 1 and the jack 6 attached to the bridging member 5 is connected to the anchor 2, the frame 1 and the anchor 2 are connected via the bridging member 5 and the jack 6. It has a structure in which and are connected. The number of anchors 2 to be installed on the frame 1 and the installation positions thereof are set so that the entire frame 1 can be pressed into the ground uniformly without tilting.

2 and 3 show this example. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the bridging members 5 are slid over the four corners of the frame 1 and the anchor 2 is positioned at the central portion of the bridging members 5. Has been installed. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG.
The bridging members 5 are laid in parallel between the long sides of the
Anchor 2 is located and installed in approximately three equal positions.
The number of anchors 2 and the positions of the anchors 2 are not limited to those shown in the drawing, but can be changed as appropriate.

Next, the basic steps of burying the frame will be described with reference to FIG. First, the anchor 2 is embedded in the ground so as to be located in the frame body 1. The anchor 2 is embedded in the rod 3
This is performed by operating the excavator M mounted on the anchor 2, and the screw 4 of the anchor 2 is screwed into the anchor 2 to be embedded deep in the ground (Fig. 1 (a)). Next, the bridging member 5 is laid over a predetermined portion of the frame body 1, the jack 6 is attached to the bridging member 5, and the piston rod 6a and the rod 3 of the anchor 2 are joined by the joint 7 (see FIG. b)).

With this, the structure in which the frame 1 and the anchor 2 are connected,
In this state, the jack 6 is operated in the direction of shortening the rod length of the piston rod 6a. By this operation, the bridging member 5 firmly presses the frame 1 by using the anchor 2 in the ground as a reaction force, so that the frame 1 is pressed into the ground (FIG. 1 (c)).

The press-fitting amount of this frame 1 is the piston rod 6a of the jack 6.
It is determined by the stroke length of, and when the frame body 1 is not completely embedded in the ground even with the maximum stroke,
The jack 6 is operated in the extension direction of the piston rod 6a. As a result, the bridging member 5 integrated with the jack 6 is lifted upward (FIG. 1 (d)). afterwards,
The bridging member 5 is lowered until it abuts on the frame 1 and the jack 6
After changing the positions of the bridging member 5 and the bridging member 5, they are connected (FIG. 1 (e)). Then, in this state, the jack 6 is operated again in the direction of shortening the piston rod 6a, and the frame body 1 is pushed down by the bridging member 5 while making the anchor 2 a reaction force and embedded in the ground (FIG. 1 (f)). By embedding the frame body 1, a wall body of an underground structure is created in the ground.
Therefore, by excavating the ground in the frame 1 (Fig. 1 (g)), it is possible to place concrete for the bottom slab in the space 8 inside the frame 1 and construct an underground structure. Is possible.

In this way, the frame body 1 is embedded in the ground by using the anchor 2 as a reaction force to form the wall body of the underground structure, so that the formwork and the concrete pouring are unnecessary, and the number of steps can be reduced. Further, since the frame body manufactured in advance at the factory can be used, no curing is required, and the construction period can be greatly shortened. Moreover, it is not necessary to excavate the ground before the burying of the frame body, and there is no need for backfilling based on the excavation, and adverse effects such as ground subsidence are eliminated. In addition, there is no need for additional space on site and construction can be performed in a narrow space.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment shows a method in the case where the frame body 1 is not completely buried in the ground by one operation of the jack 6, and is carried out following the step of FIG. 1 (d). That is, after FIG. 1 (d), a spacer Yatoko 9 is inserted between the frame 1 and the bridging member 5 (FIG. 4A). The pressing force of the bridging member 5 is transmitted to the frame body 1. Then, when the jack 6 which is the spacer is inserted and the jack 6 is shortened, the frame body 1 is pushed by the spacer 9 which is the spacer, so that it can be press-fitted into the ground (FIG. 4 (b)). .

5 and 6 show another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment also compensates for the insufficient working amount of the jack 6, and
As shown in the figure, the rod 3 of the anchor 2 is elongated so that it is higher than the frame body 1. Further, the jacks 6 are installed on the frame body 1 so as to directly press the frame body 1, and these jacks 6 are connected by the connecting member 10. The upper part of the rod 3 of the anchor 2 is inserted into the connecting member 10 to connect the anchor 2 and the connecting member 10.

When all the jacks 6 are operated synchronously in the extension direction in such a state, the frame body 1 is pressed into the ground by the pressing of the jacks 6 with the anchor 2 as a reaction force. This press-fitting stops at the maximum stroke length of the piston rod 6a of the jack 6. FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show the subsequent steps. FIG. 6 (a) shows that the connection between the rod 3 of the anchor 2 and the connecting member 10 is released, and the jack 6 is operated in the shortening direction. The connecting member 10 moves downward along the rod 3 as the jack 6 operates. And after this movement, rod 3
By reconnecting the connection member 10 with the connection member 10 and operating the jack 6 in the extension direction, the press-fitting of the frame body 1 using the anchor 2 as a reaction force can be continued.

On the other hand, FIG. 6 (b) shows that the connection between the jack 6 and the connecting member 10 is released and the jack 6 is operated in the shortening direction, and the jack 6 is lowered with respect to the connecting member 10. After this descent, when the jack 6 and the connecting member 10 are connected again and the jack 6 is operated in the extending direction, the frame 1 is pressed into the ground by using the anchor 2 as a reaction force. The frame body 1 can be completely embedded in the ground by using any one of the methods shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b).
In this case, too, as shown in FIG.

Next, a method of burying the frame bodies adjacently will be described with reference to FIGS.
Shown in the figure. In the present invention, the number of embedded frame bodies is three. That is, the first frame 11 is press-fitted in the same manner as described above, and then the second frame 12 and the third frame 13 are press-fitted adjacently. After that, while excavating the ground inside the frame bodies 11, 12, and 13, the frame bodies are connected and fixed to each other by bolts or welding. At this time, the frame body is formed by the communication portions 15, 15 ... Pre-opened on the side plates of each frame body.
The insides of 11, 12, and 13 are in communication. Therefore, a large space can be created by connecting a relatively small frame that does not require a large reaction force at the time of press fitting. There is no limitation on the number of frames to be continuously press-fitted, and all the methods shown in the above-mentioned embodiments can be used for press-fitting the frame according to the present invention.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention has the following effects because a box-shaped frame body is embedded in the ground by the reaction force of the anchor to form an underground structure.

There is no need to install a retaining wall.

The frame becomes the wall of the underground structure, and there is no need for a formwork, bar arrangement, or concrete pouring to construct the wall, so the number of steps is reduced and efficiency is improved.

Since a prefabricated frame is used, there is no need for curing, and in addition to the above, the construction period can be greatly shortened.

It is not necessary to excavate the ground before burying the frame body, and it is not necessary to backfill the outer peripheral portion due to the excavation, and the ground subsidence is also eliminated.

Since over-digging is not necessary, it can be built close to a narrow place or structure where there is little room on site.

A frame body having a large space can be obtained by continuously press-fitting a small frame body.

Even if the jack operation amount is insufficient, the frame body can be completely buried, resulting in good work efficiency.

Even if the jack operation amount is insufficient, the frame body can be press-fitted in a well-balanced manner, and it is easy to adjust the inclination during press-fitting.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show the basic steps of embedding a frame and an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 1 (a) to (g) are sectional views showing the construction method in the order of steps, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show a frame. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views illustrating one embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are cross-sectional views showing the subsequent steps, respectively, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an embedded state of the frame body, and FIG. 8 is the same cross-sectional view. 1, 11 …… Frame, 2 …… Anchor 5 …… Cross-linking member, 6 …… Jack 9 …… Yamato, 10 …… Coupling member

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An anchor is screwed to the ground from the inside of a box-shaped frame body whose lower end is opened, and then a bridge member is attached to the upper part of the anchor via a jack, and a spacer is provided between the bridge member and the frame body. A method for constructing an underground structure in which the frame body is embedded in the ground by using the anchor as a reaction force with the interposition of the anchor. 2. An anchor is screwed to the ground from the inside of a box-shaped frame body whose lower end is open, and then a bridging member connected to the upper part of the anchor and a jack placed on the upper part of the frame are connected. A method of constructing an underground structure in which the frame is embedded in the ground using the anchor as a reaction force. 3. An anchor is screwed to the ground from the inside of a box-shaped frame body whose lower end is opened, and then a bridge member is attached to the upper part of the anchor via a jack, and a spacer is provided between the bridge member and the frame body. A method for constructing an underground structure in which a frame body is embedded in the ground by using an anchor as a reaction force with the intervening interposition, and then a new frame body is embedded adjacent to the embedded frame body in the same manner as described above. 4. An anchor is screwed to the ground from the inside of a box-shaped frame whose lower end is open, and then a bridging member connected to the upper part of the anchor and a jack placed on the upper part of the frame are connected. Embed the frame body in the ground with the anchor as a reaction force,
Next, a method for constructing an underground structure, in which a new frame is embedded adjacent to the buried frame in the same manner as described above.