JP2024500141A - リチウム二次電池用負極、リチウム二次電池用負極の製造方法、および負極を含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用負極、リチウム二次電池用負極の製造方法、および負極を含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1NCCN1 YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002461 imidazolidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium iron(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2].[Li+] CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical group [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001008 quinone-imine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
[式1]
0.5≦B/A≦2
前記式1において、
Aは、第2負極活物質層の放電容量であり、
Bは、前リチウム化(Pre-lithiation)リチウムの容量を意味する。
[式1]
0.5≦B/A≦2
前記式1において、
Aは、第2負極活物質層の放電容量であり、
Bは、前リチウム化(Pre-lithiation)リチウムの容量を意味する。
これにより、高容量特徴を有する第1負極活物質層組成物を有するとともに、寿命特性の解決のために第2負極活物質層組成物を含み、初期充電および放電時のシリコン系活物質の使用割合を制限し、リザーバの役割を付与して容量特性および寿命特性を最適化して優れた効果を示すことができる。
[式A-1]
4πA/P2
[式1]
0.5≦B/A≦2
前記式1において、
Aは、第2負極活物質層の放電容量であり、
Bは、前リチウム化(Pre-lithiation)リチウムの容量を意味する。
<負極の製造>
実施例1:負極の製造
第1負極活物質層の製造
シリコン系活物質としてSi(平均粒径(D50):5μm)、第1導電材、第2導電材、第3導電材およびバインダーとしてポリアクリルアミドを70:9.8:10:0.2:10の重量比で第1負極活物質層組成物を用意した。負極スラリー形成用溶媒として蒸留水に添加して第1負極スラリーを製造した(固形分濃度25重量%)。
シリコン系活物質としてSiO(平均粒径(D50):3.5μm)、第1導電材、第2導電材、およびバインダーとしてポリアクリルアミドを70:19.8:0.2:10の重量比で第2負極活物質層組成物を用意した。負極スラリー形成用溶媒として蒸留水に添加して第2負極スラリーを製造した(固形分濃度25重量%)。
[式A’]
前リチウム化リチウム容量/負極充填容量(第1負極活物質層+第2負極活物質層)
第1負極活物質層の製造
前記実施例1と同様に第1負極活物質層を製造した。
前記実施例1において、シリコン系活物質としてSiO(平均粒径(D50):3.5μm)、炭素系活物質として人造黒鉛、第1導電材、第2導電材、およびバインダーとしてポリアクリルアミドを30:50:5:5:10の重量比で負極スラリー形成用溶媒として蒸留水に添加して第2負極スラリーを製造(固形分濃度25重量%)したことを除いて、前記実施例1の製造と同様に製造した。
前記実施例1の第2負極活物質層の製造において、シリコン系活物質としてSiC(平均粒径(D50):3.5μm)、第1導電材、第2導電材、およびバインダーとしてポリアクリルアミドを70:19.8:0.2:10の重量比で第2負極活物質層の組成物を用意し、負極スラリー形成用溶媒として蒸留水に添加して第2負極スラリーを製造したことを除いて、前記実施例1と同様の条件で負極を製造した(固形分濃度25重量%)。このとき、式1は1.6を満たし、前リチウム化量は16.48%を満たした。
第1負極活物質層の製造
前記実施例1と同様に第1負極活物質層を製造した。
前記実施例1においてシリコン系活物質としてSiO(平均粒径(D50):3.5μm)、人造黒鉛、第1導電材、第2導電材、およびバインダーとしてポリアクリルアミドを50:20:10:10:10の重量比で第2負極活物質層組成物を用意した。負極スラリー形成用溶媒として蒸留水に添加して第2負極スラリーを製造(固形分濃度25重量%)したことを除いて、前記実施例1の製造と同様に製造した。
シリコン系活物質としてSi(平均粒径(D50):5μm)、第1導電材、およびバインダーとしてポリアクリルアミドを70:20:10の重量比で活物質層組成物を製造した。負極スラリー形成用溶媒として蒸留水に添加して負極スラリーを製造した(固形分濃度25重量%)。
前記実施例1において、第1負極活物質層と第2負極活物質層の積層順序を変更したことを除いて、前記実施例1と同様に負極を製造した。このとき、式1は1.6を満たし、前リチウム化量は17.28%を満たした。
Si(平均粒径(D50):5μm)、SiO(平均粒径(D50):3.5μm)、第1導電材、第2導電材、第3導電材、バインダーとしてポリアクリルアミドを52.5:17.5:9.8:10:0.2:10の重量比で活物質層組成物を製造した。負極スラリー形成用溶媒として蒸留水に添加して負極スラリーを製造した(固形分濃度25重量%)。
正極活物質としてLiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2(平均粒径(D50):15μm)、導電材としてカーボンブラック(製品名:Super C65、製造社:Timcal)、バインダーとしてポリビニリデンフルオリド(PVdF)を97:1.5:1.5の重量比で正極スラリー形成用溶媒としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)に添加して正極スラリーを製造した(固形分濃度78重量%)。
前記実施例1~実施例6、および比較例1~比較例6で製造した負極を含む二次電池について、電気化学充放電器を用いて寿命評価を行い、容量維持率を評価した。二次電池を4.2-3.0V 1C/0.5CでIn-situサイクル(cycle)テストを進め、テスト時、50サイクル(cycle)ごとに0.33C/0.33C充/放電(4.2-3.0V)して容量維持率を測定した。下記表2ではRPT容量維持率を表記した。
容量維持率(%)={(N番目のサイクルでの放電容量)/(一番目の1サイクルでの放電容量)}Х100
前記実験例1において、テスト時、50サイクル(cycle)ごとに0.33C/0.33C充/放電(4.2-3.0V)して容量維持率を測定した後、SOC50で2.5C pulseで放電して抵抗を測定して抵抗増加率を比較分析した。
20 ・・・第1負極活物質層
30 ・・・負極集電体層
Claims (11)
- 負極集電体層;前記負極集電体層の一面または両面に設けられた第1負極活物質層;および前記第1負極活物質層の前記負極集電体層と接する面の反対面に設けられた第2負極活物質層;を含むリチウム二次電池用負極であって、
前記第1負極活物質層は、第1負極活物質を含む第1負極活物質層組成物を含み、前記第2負極活物質層は、第2負極活物質を含む第2負極活物質層組成物を含み、
前記第1負極活物質は、SiOx(x=0)およびSiOx(0<x<2)からなる群から選択される1以上を含み、前記第1負極活物質100重量部を基準に前記SiOx(x=0)を95重量部以上含み、
前記第2負極活物質は、炭素系活物質、シリコン系活物質、リチウムと合金が可能な金属系活物質およびリチウム含有窒化物からなる群から選択された1種以上の混合物を含み、
前記シリコン系活物質は、第2負極活物質100重量部を基準に1重量部以上100重量部以下であり、
前記第2負極活物質層は、下記式1を満たすものである、リチウム二次電池用負極:
[式1]
0.5≦B/A≦2
前記式1において、
Aは、第2負極活物質層の放電容量であり、
Bは、前リチウム化(Pre-lithiation)リチウムの容量を意味する。 - 前記シリコン系活物質は、SiOx(0<x<2)、SiC、およびSi合金からなる群から選択される1以上を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極。
- 前記シリコン系活物質は、SiOx(0<x<2)を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極。
- 前記第1負極活物質は、前記第1負極活物質層組成物100重量部を基準に60重量部以上である、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極。
- 前記第1負極活物質層の厚さは、10μm以上200μm以下であり、
前記第2負極活物質層の厚さは、10μm以上100μm以下である、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極。 - 前記第1負極活物質層組成物の重量ローディング量(a)は、前記第2負極活物質層組成物の重量ローディング量(b)の1.5倍以上を満たす、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極。
- 前記第1負極活物質層組成物は、第1負極導電材;および第1負極バインダーからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つをさらに含み、
前記第2負極活物質層組成物は、第2負極導電材;および第2負極バインダーからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極。 - 前記第1負極導電材および前記第2負極導電材は、点状導電材;線状導電材;および面状導電材からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項7に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極。
- 負極集電体層を用意する段階;
前記負極集電体層の一面または両面に第1負極活物質層組成物を塗布して、第1負極活物質層を形成する段階;および
前記第1負極活物質層の前記負極集電体層と接する面の反対面に第2負極活物質層組成物を塗布して、第2負極活物質層を形成する段階;を含む、リチウム二次電池用負極の製造方法であって、
前記第1負極活物質は、SiOx(x=0)およびSiOx(0<x<2)からなる群から選択される1以上を含み、前記第1負極活物質100重量部を基準に前記SiOx(x=0)を95重量部以上含み、
前記第2負極活物質は、炭素系活物質、シリコン系活物質、リチウムと合金が可能な金属系活物質およびリチウム含有窒化物からなる群から選択された1種以上の混合物を含み、
前記シリコン系活物質は、第2負極活物質100重量部を基準に1重量部以上100重量部以下であり、
前記第2負極活物質層は、下記式1を満たすものである、リチウム二次電池用負極の製造方法:
[式1]
0.5≦B/A≦2
前記式1において、
Aは、第2負極活物質層の放電容量であり、
Bは、前リチウム化(Pre-lithiation)リチウムの容量を意味する。 - 前記負極集電体上に、第1負極活物質層および第2負極活物質層が形成された負極を前リチウム化(Pre-lithiation)する段階を含み、
前記負極を前リチウム化する段階は、リチウム電解メッキ工程;リチウム金属転写工程;リチウム金属蒸着工程;または安定化リチウムメタルパウダー(SLMP)コーティング工程を含む、請求項9に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極の製造方法。 - 正極;
請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極;
前記正極と前記負極との間に設けられた分離膜;および
電解質;を含む、リチウム二次電池。
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