JP2024008295A - Towel cloth and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a towel cloth, which has soft and bulky feeling, excellent quick drying property after washing, less fuzz falling, little change in feeling after washing, and water absorbability, and a manufacturing method thereof.

SOLUTION: A towel cloth 1 of the present invention is formed of a polyester multifilament false twisted yarn in which vertical pile yarns 2a, 2b are engaged with foundation yarns 3, 4a, 4b, and single fiber fineness of at least the vertical pile yarns 2a, 2b is 0.5 to 10.0 dtex, and a fine spun-twisted union yarn with cotton fibers. The multifilament false twisted yarn preferably has 8% to 50% of crimp development rate due to thermal shrinkage rate (boiling water shrinkage rate) measured by JIS L1095 2010 9.24.3C method.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

COPYRIGHT: (C)2024,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a towel fabric that has a soft and plump texture, dries quickly after washing, has excellent fluff removal properties, has little change in texture after washing, and has water absorbency, and a method for manufacturing the same.

In recent years, consumers are increasingly demanding towels with more diverse textures and higher functionality. Especially when washing towels, the cotton fibers that make up towels absorb water to the center of the fibers, so while they have good water absorption, they do not drain well, so drying is slow, and they are used not only at home, but also in hotels, medical facilities, and nursing care facilities. The loss of electrical energy is large, which poses a problem. In addition, when doing laundry, towels are often mixed with other laundry items, and at that time, the white fuzz from the towels may stick to other laundry items, and when wiping sweat on the towel, the towels may become fluffy. I often experience discomfort when it comes into contact with my skin. Furthermore, when towels are first worn, they have a soft and fluffy texture, but as they are washed repeatedly, they become harder and harder, and the initial texture is lost.
To solve this problem, there are methods of blending hydrophobic synthetic fibers with cotton, such as blending short polyester fibers with cotton, but although it does improve dimensional stability during washing, The reality is that fluff shedding and pilling (pilling) occur, and the fundamental solution to the above-mentioned hair loss problem cannot be achieved. In addition, the present inventors have found a certain effect on the change in texture and fluffing properties during washing (Reference 1). However, the core yarn of the pile yarn is a drawn yarn (raw yarn) of polyester multifilament, and although it has resilience, it lacks softness and fluffiness, and there is room for improvement in texture. In addition, as a pile yarn that uses false twisted yarn, there is a double-sided pile knitted fabric in which recycled fibers such as rayon are false twisted (Patent Document 2), but rayon is a hydrophilic recycled fiber, and the heat setting property of false twisting is There are disadvantages such as poor pile crimp development and low crimp durability. Furthermore, there is a gauze pile fabric using synthetic fiber false twisted yarn as a connecting yarn between two fabrics (Patent Document 3), but it is difficult to apply it to towel fabric. In addition, there has been a proposal for a towel-like double-sided pile knitted fabric made of crimped yarn with a core yarn of synthetic fiber for the core and hydrophilic fiber for the sheath (Patent Document 4), but the crimp in the crimped yarn is extremely small; It is difficult to change the texture significantly. Furthermore, there is a towel fabric in which the pile of the towel is made of ultrafine synthetic fibers mainly composed of polyester (Patent Document 5), but it is difficult to create a soft and puffy texture.

JP 2021-50462 Publication Publication of Utility Model Publication No. 2-136085 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1-162841 Utility Model Publication No. 2-149781 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 3-27149

As described above, the above-mentioned conventional technology provides a towel fabric that has a soft and puffy texture on the surface, dries quickly when washed, has excellent fluff removal properties, has little change in texture after washing, and has water absorption properties. was difficult.

As a result of intensive research to make the most of the characteristics of towel fabric, the present invention has been developed to have a soft and plump texture, dry quickly and fluff when washed, have little change in texture after washing, and are highly absorbent. A towel fabric and a method for manufacturing the same are provided.

The present invention provides a towel fabric in which a vertical pile yarn is anchored to a base yarn, which comprises at least a polyester multifilament false twisted yarn having a single fiber fineness of the vertical pile yarn of 0.5 to 10.0 decitex, and cotton fibers. A towel fabric made of spun twisted yarn.

The method for producing towel fabric of the present invention is the above-mentioned method for producing towel fabric, wherein the warp pile yarn is a polyester multifilament false twisted yarn with a single fiber fineness of 0.5 to 10.0 dtex arranged in the core, It is a spun twisted yarn in which cotton fibers are arranged in a sheath, and the warp pile yarn, warp ground yarn, and weft ground yarn are used to create a polyester blending rate of 3 to 60% by mass and a cotton fiber blending rate of 97 to 40% by mass. This is a method for producing towel fabric in which the gray fabric is woven into a gray fabric, and the gray fabric is treated in a scouring process with hot water at the same time as the scouring process to cause the core component false-twisted yarn to develop crimps and expand the yarn.

The towel of the present invention has a warp pile yarn anchored to a ground yarn, and is a spun intertwisted yarn of at least polyester multifilament false twisted yarn with a single fiber fineness of the vertical pile yarn of 0.5 to 10.0 decitex and cotton fiber. By being composed of towel fabric, we can provide a towel fabric that has a soft and puffy texture, dries quickly when washed, has excellent fluff removal properties, has little change in texture after washing, and is highly absorbent. . Moreover, the manufacturing method of the present invention allows the towel to be efficiently and rationally manufactured.

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a towel fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a woven structure diagram of the same fiber towel fabric. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a method for manufacturing a spun twisted yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a photograph (30x magnification) of the spun twisted yarn of Example 1 of the present invention before hot water treatment, and FIG. 4B is a photograph (30x magnification) of the same yarn after hot water treatment. Figure 5A is a photograph of the ring-spun yarn of 100% cotton fiber of Comparative Example 1 before hot water treatment (30x magnification), and Figure 5B is a photograph of the same yarn after hot water treatment (30x magnification). . FIG. 6A is a photograph (100x magnification) of the pile yarn of the finished fabric of Example 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is the same photograph (20x magnification). FIG. 7A is a photograph (100x magnification) of the ring-spun yarn of 100% cotton fiber of Comparative Example 1, and FIG. 7B is the same photograph (20x magnification). FIG. 8A is a photograph (100x magnification) of the yarn of Reference Example 1, and FIG. 8B is the same photograph (20x magnification).

The present invention is based on the fact that vertical pile yarn (hereinafter also referred to as pile yarn), which accounts for approximately 70% of the constituent yarns of towel fabric, is an important yarn that influences the texture of towel fabric and functionality such as quick drying and fluffing. As a result of focusing on this and proceeding with the study, we obtained the following knowledge. That is, by using polyester false twisted yarn as the core component of the spun twisted yarn compared to the conventional 100% cotton pile yarn, large crimp can be developed and the yarn can be expanded. It has been found that this has the following advantages.
(1) A pile yarn with a soft and puffy texture can be obtained. In addition, since the texture is soft, it can be softly contacted with the skin, so sweat and moisture can be efficiently wiped away (expression of texture effect and wiping effect).
(2) When the polyester core component of the pile yarn swells, the cotton fibers that make up the sheath component are split, making it easier to absorb moisture, and at the same time, this swelling activates the movement of air, increasing breathability. , the drying speed becomes significantly faster (water absorption/quick drying effect).
(3) Furthermore, since the crimp of the crimped yarn whose core has expanded is tightly intertwined with the cotton, the fluffing of the cotton can be improved (fluffing improvement effect).
(4) In addition, since polyester filament is mixed in, there is no deterioration due to moisture, and the yarn has elasticity and stiffness, so the texture does not change much with washing, and the original soft and puffy texture is maintained. is maintained (texture and durability effect of washing).

The polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention is preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is generally widely used, and is preferably used because the yarn has high rigidity, high crimpability, and is available in many finenesses and yarn types. In addition, polytrimethylene terephthalate (3GT) with a soft texture, polybutylene terephthalate (4GT) with excellent dyeability, polyester that can be dyed with cation dyes, and polyester that can be dyed under normal pressure can be dyed in the same color as cotton or in a different color. It can be used because it can be done.

The polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention is a false twisted yarn with a single fiber fineness of 0.5 to 10.0 decitex. In view of crimp development and soft texture, 1.0 to 6.0 decitex is preferred. If it is less than 0.5 dtex, crimp development will be weak and the texture will be too soft, and if it exceeds 10.0 dtex, the texture will be too hard, both of which are not preferred. The single fiber fineness is the fineness (unit: decitex) of one spinning nozzle (one hole, one filament); for example, for a yarn with a total fineness of 84 dtex and 36 filaments, the single fiber fineness is 84/36. =, which is 2.3 decitex.

The crimp development rate of the multifilament false twisted yarn is defined as the hot water shrinkage rate of the yarn = boiling water shrinkage rate according to the JIS L1095 2010 9.24.3C method, and the crimp development rate of the false twisted yarn of the present invention is 8%. ~50% is preferred. A ratio of 10 to 40% is particularly preferable because it makes the surface of the dough uniform and increases the swelling. In addition, if it is less than 8%, crimp is small and swelling is difficult to develop. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50%, the crimping of the towel fabric will be too large and the surface will be uneven and uneven, which is not preferable.

The false-twisting method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the crimp development rate of the false-twisted yarn is 8% to 50%. As an example, a so-called two-stage false twisting method, in which a polymer is spun at a high speed of about 3000 m/min, semi-stretched to about 1.5 times, and then false twisted while being further stretched to about 1.5 times, is a reasonable method. It's a method. With this method, a crimp incidence rate of about 8 to 30% can be obtained. Furthermore, a three-stage false-twisting method is preferred as a false-twisting method that further increases the crimp development rate to 20% to 50%. In this method, a molten polymer is spun at a low speed of about 1,300 to 1,500 m/min to create an undrawn yarn. Next, this is drawn by a factor of 2.8 to 3.2 to produce a drawn thread (raw thread). Next, this drawn yarn is false-twisted using a false-twisting machine such as a pin type, belt nip type, or friction type. Since the drawn yarn has high crystallinity and rigidity, it can exhibit great crimpability. In particular, pin-type false twisting is a preferred method because the drawn yarn is processed by rotating a heated pin, which allows neat crimp formation and provides high crimpability with strong torque. The false-twisting conditions for the two-stage false-twisting method and the three-stage false-twisting method are false-twisting temperature (170 to 190°C), number of false twists (2000 to 2500 times/m), and overfeed rate (5 to 10%). etc., and the incidence of crimp can be appropriately controlled under these conditions.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned multifilament false twisted yarn having a crimp development performance of 8% to 40% is arranged as a core component and cotton fiber is arranged as a sheath component to produce a finely spun twisted yarn composite in a core-sheath shape. Specifically, in the cotton ring spinning process, the false twisted yarn is placed at the center, covered with a cotton sliver so as to wrap around the core component, and then gently twisted to create a core-sheath-like spun intertwisted yarn ( A single yarn of core yarn) is obtained. Note that the "light twist" mentioned here is different from the number of additional twists described below, and the twist is extremely small. Spun intertwisted yarn is also called long and short composite spun yarn. A preferred example of spun twisted yarn is obtained by ring spinning. Multifilament false twisted yarn is supplied to the upstream side of the front roller in the final process of the draft zone of the fleece (roving, short fiber bundle) of the ring spinning machine, and the two are combined or arranged in parallel and passed through the front roller. After that, real twisting is applied to make spun twisted yarn. The preferred twist coefficient when obtaining spun twisted yarn by the ring spinning method is 8,000 to 13,000. To give an example of the number of twists (number of twists per meter) of spun twisted yarn, the number 30 single yarn of thin fabric (filament equivalent: total fineness of 195 dtex) is 573 to 931 twists/m, while the number of twists per meter of number 16 single yarn of medium weight fabric (filament equivalent: total fineness of 195 decitex) is It is preferable to twist 418 to 680 times/m for filament equivalent (total fineness 365 dtex), and 330 to 537 times/m for thick No. 10 single yarn (total fineness 585 dtex).

The spun intertwisted yarn may be used as a single yarn, double yarn or three or more twisted yarns. To make double yarns, you can align two single yarns, or, for example, mix and twist a single yarn of spun twisted yarn with a single yarn of conventional ring spun yarn or bound spun yarn to make double yarns. Any method may be used, and an appropriate method is selected depending on the purpose such as the texture and appearance of the towel cloth. In addition to the ring-spun spun twisted yarn, there is a method of making mixed twisted yarn using a bundle spinning method. The texture of intertwisted yarn produced by the bundle spinning method is harder than that of ring spun yarn, but the fluff on the surface is suppressed and the fiber density on the surface of the cotton fiber is high, so moisture transfers from the surface to the center. becomes large, resulting in a structure that has a large water-holding ability throughout the yarn. Therefore, the cotton fibers of the pile yarn on the surface of the towel fabric absorb sweat quickly and in large quantities, making up for the lack of water absorption of the polyester blend of the present invention, and having an advantageous effect on water absorption, this binding spun yarn is also applicable. can do.

Next, the spun twisted yarn (single yarn) is twisted (additional twisting) using a twisting machine such as a down twister to a twist coefficient (K) in the range of 6,000 to 17,000. This twist range is preferable because it provides pile yarn with less fluff, softness and bulge, and excellent wash-drying and fluff-removal properties. In particular, those having a weight of 8,000 to 13,000 are preferable because they have a good balance between texture and functionality. A yarn with a twist coefficient (K) of less than 6,000 is undesirable because it has a lot of fluff and the threads are not tight, resulting in a loose texture. On the other hand, if it exceeds 17,000, it is not preferable because it becomes a strong twist region, the yarn loses its bulge, the texture becomes hard, and the quick drying property decreases. In addition, from the viewpoint of yarn uniformity, it is preferable that the additional twisting direction is the same as the false twisting direction and the soft twisting direction during spinning and twisting.
Note that the twist coefficient (K) is calculated using the following equation (Math. 1).
Further, the conversion between cotton count and polyester multifilament fineness was calculated using the following formula.
N=5315/DT or DT=5315/N
(However, N: single yarn count of cotton, DT: total fineness (decitex) of spun twisted yarn, 5315: conversion constant)

Next, the additionally twisted spun intertwisted yarn is used as a pile yarn. In this case, the blending ratio of the pile yarn is 100% by mass, and the mixing ratio of the multifilament false twisted yarn is determined by the swelling texture and quick drying property. The content is preferably in the range of 60 to 10% by mass based on the water absorbency of the cotton side. Particularly, 50 to 20% by mass is preferable because it has a good balance of properties. The blending ratio of this pile yarn can be controlled by the mixing ratio of the filament yarn (with a total fineness of large to small) to be combined with the spun twisted yarn and the cotton fiber. For example, in the case of No. 16 spun twisted yarn (filament equivalent: 365 dtex), if the filament false twisted yarn with a total fineness of 170 dtex is mixed, the blending ratio will be 170/365 x 100 = 46.6% by mass (cotton Blend ratio: 53.4% by mass). Similarly, when a total fineness of 84 decitex is mixed, a filament false-twisted yarn with a blending ratio of 23.0% is obtained (cotton blending ratio: 77.9% by mass). Note that the yarn count of the pile yarn of such spun twisted yarn is not particularly limited, but thin fabrics have a thin yarn count of 100 to 40, medium weight fabrics have a yarn count of 30 to 16, and thick fabrics have a thick yarn count of 12 to 8. can be preferably applied.

Next, in the present invention, when the towel fabric is 100% by mass, the blending ratio of the multifilament false twisted yarn is in the range of 50 to 5% by mass, and the blending ratio of the cotton fiber is in the range of 50 to 95% by mass. This range is preferable because it satisfies the swelling texture and quick drying properties of the fabric, the water absorbency of the cotton side, etc. In particular, in view of the balance between quick-drying properties and water absorption, the blending ratio of the false twisted yarn of the multifilament is preferably 40 to 15% by mass (cotton blending ratio: 60 to 85% by mass). It should be noted that fabrics containing multifilament false twisted yarns of more than 50% by mass will have poor water absorbency, and fabrics containing less than 5% by mass will dry quickly, both of which are unfavorable. The blending ratio of this fabric is controlled on the premise that the above-mentioned spun twisted yarn is used as the pile yarn, and a single yarn of 100% cotton or the above-mentioned polyester blend spun mixed twisted yarn, or polyester false twisted yarn is added to the warp yarn, respectively. It can be used for the weft yarn to set the blending ratio of the entire towel fabric.

For example, the above-mentioned pile yarn No. 16 spun twisted yarn with a filament false twist yarn blending ratio of 46.6% by mass (cotton blending ratio: 53.4% by mass) and the warp and weft ground yarns are all 100% cotton. % No. 16 is used, the pile yarn ratio is 70%, the ground yarn ratio is 30%, and the polyester blend ratio is 46.6% by mass x 0.7 = 32.6% by mass. (cotton blending rate: 67.4% by mass). In addition, when using the same pile yarn, the warp yarn is 100% cotton, and the weft yarn is the above-mentioned spun twisted yarn, the fabric blend ratio of the filament is 46.6% by mass x 0.7 + 46.6% by mass x 0.15 The polyester blending rate is 39.6% by weight (cotton blending rate: 60.4% by weight).

In addition, when weaving into fabric with such a mixture ratio, the applications include face towels, bath towels, handkerchief towels, bath mats, etc., so the fabric should be woven according to the required properties such as quick drying, fluffing properties, and water absorption. Set the mixing ratio, yarn type, yarn usage, mass per unit (fabric weight), etc. as appropriate. The fabric weight can be controlled by changing the pile length (long to short) of the pile yarn (large to small). Here, to give examples of preferable basis weights that can exhibit the effects of the present invention, thin fabrics have a basis weight of 100 to 250 g/m ² , medium-weight fabrics have a basis weight of 250 to 500 g/m 2 , and thick fabrics have a basis weight of 500 g/m ² . ~1000 g/m ² is preferred. Note that those less than 100 g/m ² are thin and lack bulk, and those exceeding 1000 g/m ² are too thick and heavy, both of which are not preferred.

In addition, in the present invention, the cotton fibers in the spun and twisted yarn are the best in terms of texture, water absorption, moisture absorption, and handling properties as a towel, but cotton fibers are blended with a small amount of hemp, rayon, cupro, or wool. I don't mind. A blend of rayon and cupro provides moisture absorption, while wool provides heat retention.

The finished greige is then desized using a jet dyeing machine according to the cotton processing process, and then scoured under the usual cotton scouring conditions (constant temperature of 95 to 98°C, holding time for 50 minutes, diluted caustic soda solution). , an alcohol ethoxylate addition bath), the polyester false twisted yarn, which is the core component of the pile yarn, can be crimped simultaneously with scouring. The conditions necessary for the appearance of crimp in the scouring of the present invention are that the hot water temperature is 95°C to 100°C, and the time required to maintain this temperature at this temperature is 10 minutes or more, so there is no problem under normal scouring conditions. , can be processed. Note that temperatures below 95° C. and conditions where the holding time is less than 10 minutes are avoided, as this will result in less crimp development and instability. Furthermore, scouring agents such as dilute caustic soda have no effect on crimp development. In addition, when processing a variety with a low scouring temperature of less than 95°C, it is preferable to perform hot water treatment at 95°C to 100°C under these conditions to develop crimp before scouring. .

Then, following scouring, it is bleached under conventional conditions (98° C., 50 minutes, hydrogen peroxide solution). It is then dehydrated and set in a tenter for finishing (off-white finish). This bleaching process also undergoes hot water treatment, but since the false-twisted yarn has already crimped during the scouring, it is finished as is.

Next, when dyeing is carried out after scouring and bleaching, the polyester side is dyed with a disperse dye (130°C, 40 minutes), and then the cotton side is dyed with a reactive dye (60-80°C, 40 minutes). In addition to plain dyeing with these two baths, there is also a method of spot dyeing in which only the cotton side is dyed without dyeing the polyester, and dyeing with different colors or chambray (light and dark) by using disperse dyes and reactive dyes. Can be done. In addition, when using polyester dyeable with cationic dyes, vivid dyeing is possible. Furthermore, it is also possible to print on off-white fabrics that have been refined and bleached. In the case of yarn dyeing, the yarn is scoured and crimped at the same time, bleached and dyed, and then yarn dyed towel fabric can be obtained by weaving the yarn. As described above, the present invention can be commercialized with excellent color properties and design in various dyeing methods.

The towels of the present invention include bath towels (after-bath towels), bath towels, face towels, towel handkerchiefs (towel chiefs), wet towels, wash towels, hand towels, bath mats, sports towels, beach towels (body towels), and the like. The towel can be applied regardless of whether it is woven or knitted. The following will be explained using an example of a woven bath towel (after-bath towel).

This will be explained below using the drawings. In the following drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same parts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a towel cloth 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This towel fabric 1 is composed of warp pile yarns 2a, 2b, weft ground threads 3, and warp ground threads 4a, 4b, and the warp pile threads 2a, 2b are composed of weft ground threads 3 and warp ground threads 4a, 4b. It forms a loop pile while being fixed to the ground structure. The obtained towel fabric 1 is cut into a predetermined size, and the edges are treated to form a towel.
FIG. 2 is a textile structure diagram of a towel fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention. This textile structure is a 3-width towel structure (3-pick terry motion structure). The warp pile threads are crossed once for every three weft threads. The warp yarn G and the warp pile yarn P are arranged alternately. Weft threads 1 to 3 indicate the order. In FIG. 2, black and x indicate floating threads, and white indicates sinking threads.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a method for manufacturing a spun twisted yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention. The roving 11 is supplied to a ring spinning frame 10, and is drafted by a back roller 12, an apron 13, and a front roller 14 in a draft zone to form a fleece-like fiber bundle 15. On the other hand, the polyester multifilament false twisted yarn 16 is passed through guides 17a and 17b, is supplied to the upstream side of the front roller 14, is combined with the fleece-like fiber bundle 15, or is arranged in parallel, and is twisted after passing through the front roller. By hanging it, it becomes a twisted yarn 18. Thereafter, it passes through a Snell wire 19 and a ring traveler 20 and is wound around a woodwind 21. 22 is spun twisted yarn.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below using Examples. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.
<Measurement of yarn shrinkage rate and thickness>
- Measurement of hot water shrinkage rate (boiling water treatment) = crimp development rate of polyester multifilament false twisted yarn The hot water shrinkage rate (boiling water shrinkage rate) of the yarn was measured according to the JIS L1095 2010 9.24.3C method. The outline of the test is to apply a specified initial load to the yarn, mark it at 500 mm, treat it with boiling water for 10 minutes, then dehydrate it with filter paper and air dry it. After air drying, the specified initial load was applied to the yarn, the length marked on the yarn was measured, and the hot water shrinkage rate was determined using the following formula. The number of tests was 10, and the average value is expressed.
In the present invention, this hot water shrinkage rate is defined as the crimp development rate, and a value in the range of 8% to 50% is applied to the core yarn or the warp and weft ground yarns of the spun twisted yarn of the present invention.
Hot water shrinkage rate (%) = (Yam length before hot water treatment (L ₀ )) - (Yam length after hot water treatment (L ₁ )) / (Yam length before hot water treatment (L ₀ )) × 100
<Measurement of the thickness (diameter) of spun twisted yarn and pile yarn>
The thickness of the spun twisted yarn of the present invention before and after hot water treatment (boiling water treatment) was photographed at 30 times magnification using a microscope (manufactured by Keyence Corporation), and the diameter (mm) of the yarn was determined. Average value of 10 measurement points. The thicker the yarn is after treatment compared to before treatment, the more it swells and is better.
<Photo of the pile part of the finished towel fabric and measurement of the thickness of the thread cut from this pile>
The pile portion of the finished terrycloth was photographed in the same manner at 100x magnification, and the diameter (mm) of the yarn was measured. I also cut the pile part of this towel fabric, took a photo at 20x, and enlarged it 30x. The average value of the 10 measurement points shows that the thicker the pile yarn is, the more bulge it is and the better it is.

<Evaluation of texture of finished towel fabric>
(1) Evaluation of soft texture The softness of the texture is expressed by the volume per 1 g of towel fabric, and is determined by the bulk height using the following formula.
The higher the value, the softer the texture and the better. The thickness was measured according to JIS L-1096 (2010) 8.5 bulkiness test, and the basis weight was determined by accurately weighing 1 m square. Measurements were made at 5 locations and the average value was expressed.
Umbrella height (cm ³ /g) = Thickness (mm) / Area weight (g/m ² ) x 1000
(2) Evaluation of puffy texture Compress the towel fabric at a constant speed using a compression measuring device: KES-G5 (manufactured by Kato Tech) to find the compression work: WC = (gf.cm ² ). Ta. Measurements were made at 5 locations and the average value was expressed.
The WC value is the (energy) when the fabric is compressed, and the higher the value, the better the towel is compressed, the larger the swelling, and the higher the fluffiness, which is good.
(3) Evaluation of washing durability of texture The towel fabric was washed 20 times in a washing machine according to JIS L-0217 (1995), 103 method. After drying, the compression work: WC=(gf.cm ² ) was measured at 5 locations and expressed as the average value. The smaller the difference between the WC values before and after washing, the less the deterioration of the puffy texture due to washing, the better the durability.
(4) Evaluation of water removal properties during washing A towel fabric with a width of 35 cm was cut to a length of 80 g, weighed accurately to one decimal place, and soaked in water for 20 minutes. Thereafter, the wet towel fabric was taken up, centrifugally dehydrated for 4 minutes in the dehydration tank of a washing machine, weighed accurately, and the residual moisture content (%) of the towel fabric was determined using the following formula. The smaller the value, the better the drainage performance. The better the water removal properties, the faster the subsequent drying rate tends to be. The number of measurements was 3 and the average value was expressed.
Residual moisture content of fabric (%) = (Weight of fabric after immersed in water and dehydrated (W ₁ )) - (Weight of fabric before immersed in water (W 0 )) / (Weight of fabric before immersed in water (W ₀ )) Weight of the dough before washing (W ₀ )) x 100
(5) Evaluation of quick-drying property after washing The towel fabric that had been dehydrated and drained was hung to dry in a room equipped with an air conditioner. The drying conditions were a temperature of 20° C., a humidity of 65%, and an air flow rate of 12.8 m ³ /min, and the weight of the fabric was measured every 10 minutes during drying. The drying time (minutes) was measured when the residual moisture content of the fabric reached 10% (drying rate was 90%). The number of measurements was 3 and the average value was expressed. The shorter the time, the faster the drying is and the better.
(6) Evaluation of fluff removal by washing of towel fabric The fluff removal by washing was measured according to JIS L0217 (1995), 103 method. The fluff shedding rate (%) is determined by the following formula, and the smaller the value, the less fluff shedding and the better. The number of measurements was 5 and the average value was expressed.
Fluff removal rate (%) = (Weight of fluff that fell off after washing (g ₁ )) / (Weight of towel before washing (g ₀ )) x 100
(7) Water absorption evaluation (modified Larose method)
It was measured five times according to the improved Larose method of JIS L 1907 (2010), and the average value was determined. The Larose index (water absorption index) was calculated according to the following formula.
Larose index (water absorption index) = 2545V x 1411W + 79
V: Maximum water absorption rate (ml/s), W: Water absorption amount at maximum water absorption rate (ml)
The higher the value, the more moisture attached to the skin will be absorbed quickly and in a larger amount, which is preferable.
(8) Water absorption rate (dropping method)
The water absorption rate of the towel fabric was evaluated based on the drop method of JIS L 1907 (2010); Voulet method. The outline of the test was to drop one drop of water onto a towel from a height of 10 cm, measure the water absorption time (seconds) required for the mirror surface of the water droplet to disappear three times, and calculate the average value. The shorter the time, the faster the water absorption is, which is better.

(Example 1)
(1) Manufacturing method and evaluation method of towel fabric A. False twisted yarn of polyester multifilament A semi-drawn yarn made of polyethylene terephthalate polymer was drawn 1.3 times at 3000 m/min, further stretched to 1.7 times and at the same time false twisted using friction in a two-step method, 84 decitex, A polyester multifilament false twisted yarn with 36 filaments and a single fiber fineness of 2.3 decitex was used. The false twisting temperature was 185° C., the number of false twists was 2360 times/m, the overfeed rate was 7.5%, and the false twisting was performed in the S direction.
The hot water shrinkage rate (boiling water shrinkage rate) of the yarn was measured using the JIS L1095 2010 9.24.3C method, and the hot water shrinkage rate was 23.5%, confirming that crimp had occurred ( Table 1).
B. Next, this polyester multifilament false twisted yarn and cotton fleece (roving, short fiber bundles) are spun and twisted in the S direction by ring spinning, and the core is the polyester and the sheath is the cotton core yarn type. A No. 16 single yarn (365 decitex in terms of filament) of spun and twisted yarn was obtained, and the mixing ratio was 23.0% by mass of polyester and 77.0% by mass of cotton.
Next, this was twisted in the S direction using a down twister twisting machine at a twist coefficient (K) of 11,654 and a number of twists of 610 turns/m (additional twisting).
Furthermore, as a result of hot water treatment of this spun twisted yarn, the thickness (diameter) of the yarn was 0.30 mm before the hot water treatment and 0.47 mm after the hot water treatment, and the yarn expanded by 1.56 times due to the hot water treatment. (Figures 4A-B).
C. Weaving of towel fabric The above-mentioned spun twisted yarn No. 16 single yarn was used as the pile yarn, 100% cotton No. 16 single yarn was used for the two warp yarns and the weft yarn, and the pile length was 0.88 cm. Weaved. The basis weight is 275 g/m ² (medium basis weight), and the fabric blend ratio is 23% polyester and 77% cotton. The overall blending ratio of the towel fabric was 16% polyester and 84% cotton, and it was woven into towel fabric using an air jet loom (see Table 2, manufacturing details of towel fabric).
D. Scouring and Finishing Processing of Towel Fabric Next, this gray fabric was desized using a jet dyeing machine according to a conventional method similar to the processing of cotton (55°C x 20 minutes, amylase and surfactant addition bath). Next, in the same machine, scouring and hot water treatment were performed at 98° C. for 50 minutes in a dilute caustic soda and alcohol ethoxylate addition bath. During this scouring, it was confirmed that crimp had appeared.
Next, it was bleached in a hydrogen peroxide bath at 98°C and kept for 50 minutes in a conventional manner, and then set at 135°C with a tenter to finish (off-white finish).

(Example 2)
The fabric was woven and finished in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pile length was 0.76 cm and the fabric weight was 228 g/m ² (small fabric weight).

(Comparative example 1)
The yarn was woven and processed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that it was a ring-spun yarn of 100% cotton, had a pile length of 0.88 cm, and a basis weight of 274 g/m ² (medium basis weight). The thickness of the 100% cotton ring-spun yarn of Comparative Example 1 was 0.33 mm before hot water treatment and 0.31 mm after treatment, and no swelling was observed (FIGS. 5A and 5B).

(Comparative example 2)
The yarn was woven and processed in the same manner as in Example 2, except that it was made of 100% cotton ring-spun yarn, had a pile length of 0.76 cm, and a basis weight of 226 g/m ² (small fabric).

(Reference example 1)
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out, except that the core component of the spun twisted yarn was a drawn polyester yarn (raw yarn) with 84 decitex and 36 filaments, a pile length of 0, 88 cm, and a basis weight of 275 g/m ² (medium basis weight). After weaving and finishing the fabric, we compared photos of the fabric and the thickness of the cut pile yarn.

E. Evaluation results of finished terry cloth
(1) Thickness of pile yarn The thickness (diameter) of the spun twisted yarn of Example 1 before and after boiling water treatment was 0.30 mm/0.47 mm, and it expanded 1.55 times due to boiling water treatment. Ta. This thickness was 1.52 times larger than that of Comparative Example 1 (0.31 mm) (Table 1 and FIGS. 6A-B for Example 1, and FIGS. 7A-B for Comparative Example 1).
In addition, the thickness of the cut pile yarn of the finished towel fabric using this for the pile is 0.75 mm, which is 1.83 times the thickness of 0.41 mm in Comparative Example 1, and the thickness of the cut pile yarn in Comparative Example 1 (where the core yarn is raw yarn). It was 1.70 times larger than 0.44 mm, and was extremely thick and expanded.
Note that in Reference Example 1, the crimp development rate was 5.1%, with almost no crimp occurring (Table 1 and FIGS. 8A-B).
(2) Evaluation of towel fabric The evaluation results of the finished towel fabric are shown in Table 3, and the following evaluations were made.
(i) Texture and texture durability after washing Example 1 has a bulk height of 10.18 and a compression work of 2.01 compared to Comparative Example 1 with the same basis weight, and 27% compared to Comparative Example 1. It was a towel fabric with a high percentage of 20%, a soft and puffy texture, and a wonderful feel.
Furthermore, the rate of decrease in texture after washing 20 times was extremely small at 5.5% compared to 15.5% in Comparative Example 1, and the original texture remained as it was, indicating excellent washing durability.
(ii) Draining property and quick drying property in washing Example 1 had good drainage properties (residual moisture content: 63.2%), and the drying time was 199 minutes, which was 1.62 times longer than the comparative example's 323 minutes. It was fast and had high quick-drying properties.
(iii) Fluff removal property The fluff removal rate during washing was 0.02%, which was 1/5 of that of the comparative example, which was extremely small. Furthermore, even when washed together with a black sweater, there was almost no white fuzz from the towel attached to the sweater, making it comfortable.
(iv) Water absorption The water absorption index was in the 400 range, less than 1 second using the dropping method, and although it was somewhat lower than Comparative Example 1 using the modified Larose method, it was confirmed that the water absorption level was in the good range. Even when worn after taking a bath, there were no particular problems with water absorption, and since the texture was soft, the sweat wiping performance was actually superior to Comparative Example 1.
In addition, Example 2 with a small mesh had a softer and more bulgy feel than Comparative Example 2, and was excellent in all aspects of durability of washing texture, washing water drainage property, quick drying property, and fluff removal property. Water absorption was at a level that would pose no problem for practical use.
On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 had a slightly higher water absorption than Examples 1 and 2, but had a hard texture, especially after washing. In addition, the towel had poor water drainage properties, took a long time to dry after washing, and shed fluff, making it a mediocre towel fabric.
In addition, in both Examples 1 and 2, the towel fabric manufacturing method was a conventional 100% cotton weaving process and scouring process, and crimp of the false twisted yarn was developed at the same time as scouring, and it was extremely efficiently manufactured using the same process as cotton. I confirmed that it can be done.
The above results are summarized in Tables 1 to 3.

From Tables 1 to 3, the towel fabrics of Examples 1 and 2 have a soft and puffy texture, are excellent in quick-drying and fluffing properties, have little change in texture after washing, and are highly absorbent. I was able to confirm that it was fabric.

(Example 3)
The molten polyester polymer was spun at 1350 m/min to produce an undrawn yarn, which was then drawn 2.8 to 3.2 times to create a drawn yarn (raw yarn) was obtained. Next, this drawn yarn was false-twisted using a pin-type false-twisting machine (three-stage false-twisting method). In addition, this was used as the core component of spun twisted yarn, and was used for pile yarn with a pile length of 10.2 mm, and the warp yarn density was 64 strands/2 inches by using 100% cotton No. 40 twin yarn as the warp yarn. In addition, weaving was carried out according to Example 1, except that the weft yarn was woven with 100% cotton No. 20 single yarn at a weft density of 50 threads/inch and the basis weight was 486 g/m2 (large basis weight). It was refined (crimped) and bleached to an off-white finish.
As a result, the crimp development rate of the false twisted yarn was 32.8%, and the cut pile using the pile yarn of towel fabric was 0.91 mm, which was 1.2 times thicker than that of Example 1. there were. In addition, the texture of the finished fabric is even larger (bulk height: 11.15), quick drying (189 minutes), excellent fluffing (0.019%), less change in texture after washing, and water absorption ( It was a particularly distinctive white towel fabric that had a long-lasting (less than 1 second) characteristic.

(Example 4)
It was scoured (crimped), bleached, and finished according to Example 1, except that the cotton side was piece-dyed with a gray reactive dye at 80° C. for 40 minutes.
This was sewn into a hand towel and a practical test was conducted. The result was a new texture that was soft and had a large bulge never seen before. In addition, the gray towel dries quickly when washed at home, does not leave fluff on the skin after a bath, is absorbent and absorbs sweat quickly, and is extremely comfortable.

As described above, the towel fabric of the present invention has a soft and puffy texture that could not be obtained with conventional technology, has excellent quick-drying properties, excellent fluff removal properties, has good texture durability after washing, and has excellent water absorption properties. A towel fabric was obtained.
In addition, in the manufacturing method of this towel fabric, the crimping of the false twisted yarn is developed at the same time as the scouring process in the conventional 100% cotton weaving process and scouring process, so it was possible to manufacture it extremely efficiently using the same process.

The towel fabric of the present invention is also suitable for fabrics such as face towels, bath towels, towel handkerchiefs, sports towels, bathrobes, and towel blankets, clothing, socks, rugs, bedding, and the like.

1 Towel fabric 2a, 2b Warp pile yarn 3 Weft ground yarn 4a, 4b Warp ground yarn 10 Ring spinning machine 11 Roving 12 Back roller 13 Apron 14 Front roller 15 Fleece-like fiber bundle 16 Polyester multifilament false twisted yarn 17a, 17b Guide 18 Cross Twisted yarn 19 Snell wire 20 Ring traveler 21 Woodwind 22 Spun twisted yarn

Claims (8)

A towel fabric in which vertical pile threads are tied to ground threads,
A towel fabric comprising at least a false twisted polyester multifilament yarn having a single fiber fineness of the vertical pile yarn of 0.5 to 10.0 decitex, and a spun twisted yarn of cotton fiber. 2. The multifilament false twisted yarn has a crimp development rate of 8% to 50% based on the hot water shrinkage rate (boiling water shrinkage rate) of the yarn measured by JIS L1095 2010 9.24.3C method. Towel fabric as described. The towel fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multifilament false twisted yarn is a drawn yarn that has been stretched 2.5 times or more. 3. The towel fabric according to claim 1, wherein the spun twisted yarn is a core-sheath composite twisted yarn in which the multifilament false twisted yarn is arranged as a core component and the cotton fiber is arranged as a sheath component. The towel fabric according to claim 5, wherein the spun intertwisted yarn is further twisted, and the twist coefficient (K) of the additional twist is in the range of 6,000 to 17,000.
However, the twist coefficient (K) is calculated using the following formula (Equation 1).
The towel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the pile yarn is 100% by mass, the pile yarn has a blending ratio of multifilament false twisted yarn of 60 to 10% by mass and a blending ratio of cotton fibers of 40 to 90% by mass. material. The towel fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, when the towel fabric is 100% by mass, the blending ratio of the multifilament false twisted yarn is 50 to 5% by mass, and the blending ratio of cotton fibers is 50 to 95% by mass. A method for producing towel fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
The warp pile yarn is a spun twisted yarn in which a polyester multifilament false twisted yarn with a single fiber fineness of 0.5 to 10.0 decitex is arranged in the core and cotton fibers are arranged in the sheath.
Using the warp pile yarn, warp ground yarn, and weft ground thread, weave a gray fabric with a polyester blending rate of 3 to 60% by mass and a cotton fiber blending rate of 97 to 40% by mass,
A method for producing towel fabric, characterized in that the gray fabric is treated with hot water in a scouring process at the same time as the scouring to cause the core component false twisted yarn to develop crimps and expand the yarn.