JP2023536184A - Noxaタンパク質に由来するペプチドを含む細胞外小胞産生促進用組成物、及びこれを用いた細胞外小胞の生産方法 - Google Patents
Noxaタンパク質に由来するペプチドを含む細胞外小胞産生促進用組成物、及びこれを用いた細胞外小胞の生産方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
配列番号1~配列番号21のアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド群から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上のペプチド、及び糖を含む溶液を含む培地を準備する培地準備段階;及び
培地と細胞株とを混合する混合段階。
配列番号1~配列番号21のアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド群から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上のペプチド、及び糖を含む溶液を含む培地を準備する培地準備段階;及び
培地、搭載物(Payload)、及び細胞株を混合する混合段階。
Noxaタンパク質のミトコンドリア標的ドメイン(mitochondrial targeting domain,MTD)を、表1の配列番号1に示した。MTD由来のペプチドの合成は、基本的に、0.25mmol単位の手動Fmoc合成法を用いた。具体的には、樹脂とジメチルホルムアミド(Dimethylformamide,DMF)とを用いて洗浄した後、20%ピぺリジン/ジメチルホルムアミド(piperidine/DMF)溶液を10mL添加した。1分間撹拌した後、再度ジメチルホルムアミドで洗浄し、ニンヒドリン試験(ninhydrin test)によりピペリジンが残存していないことを確認した(樹脂が青色に変化)。
Noxaタンパク質のミトコンドリア標的ドメインに由来するeMTDΔ4とその誘導体ペプチドを用いた細胞外小胞の生産のために、下記表2に示す組成及び含有量を含む実施例1及び比較例1~18の溶液を製造した。
1-1.細胞株及び試薬の準備
製造例1のNoxaタンパク質由来ペプチド及びその誘導体の細胞外小胞産生誘導活性を試験するに先立って癌細胞株を培養した。
HeLa及びHEK293細胞株を3回以上継代培養(Subculture)して実験に用いた。HeLa細胞株は、10%のウシ胎児血清(Fetal bovine serum,FBS)が含まれたDMEMを、HEK-293細胞株は、10%のウシ胎児血清が含まれたRPMI 1640を使用し、5%(v/v)CO2、37℃の条件下で培養した。
2-1.細胞外小胞の生産
HeLa細胞株を6ウェルプレート(Well plate)に培養し、培養液を除去した後、実施例1の溶液をHeLa細胞株に処理した。
配列番号4のR(8):MTDペプチド及び実施例1及び比較例1~18の溶液を用いて、実験例2-1の実験方法によって細胞外小胞を生産した結果を図2A~図2Sに示した。
しかし、図2B~図2Sから確認できるように、細胞外小胞は生成されないため、プレートの底に沈殿した細胞外小胞は観察できず、細胞内のアポトーシス時に発生する粒子の形成のみが観察された。
配列番号4のR(8):MTDペプチド及び表3に示した実施例1~実施例3の溶液を用いて、実験例2-1の実験方法によって細胞外小胞を生産した結果を図3A~図3Cに示した。
エクソソームの指標であるHSP90タンパク質をHeLa細胞株に形質転換(Transfection)させるために、HeLa細胞株を6ウェルプレートに一晩培養した後、エフェクテンとpEGFP-HSP90とがクローニングされたプラスミドを細胞株に処理し、4時間後に培養液を入れ換えた。
その理由は、細胞質側のHSP90タンパク質が、細胞外小胞の生成時に生じた細胞膜の欠損を介して細胞外に放出されたためと判断された。
HeLa細胞株を12ウェルプレートに一晩培養し、細胞外小胞の指標であるCD9タンパク質を確認するために、エフェクテンとmEmerald-CD9とがクローニングされたプラスミドを処理し、4時間後に培養液を入れ換えた。
HeLa細胞株を培養プレート(Culture plate)に培養し、eMTDΔ4ペプチド(最終濃度:20μM)を実施例1溶液と共に細胞株に処理し、10分間後に4%(v/v)パラホルムアルデヒド(Paraformaldehyde)で固定した。
図6B及び図6Cから確認できるように、細胞外小胞の大きさは約200nm程度と測定された。このような結果は、本発明における細胞外小胞が、従来知られている細胞外小胞の大きさと同等の大きさを有していることを証明する。
293-HEK細胞株を6ウェルプレートに2×105個/mLずつ培養し、翌日、実施例1溶液及び配列番号1~21のいずれか一つのペプチドを細胞株に処理した。20分間後に溶液を除去し、12000rcfで遠心分離した後、上清を回収し、ブラッドフォード溶液を用いて細胞外小胞を定量し、その結果を図7及び表4に示した。
また、ペプチド処理における最終濃度が10μMから20μM、及び40μMへと増加するに連れて、細胞外小胞に含まれるタンパク質量が増加する傾向があることを確認することができた。
293-HEK細胞株を10cm培養皿に90%コンフルエンシー(約2×107cell)で培養した後、培養液を除去し、eMTDΔ4ペプチド(最終濃度:20μm)を実施例1の溶液5mlに溶かして細胞株に処理した。20分間後に溶液を除去し、12000rcfで遠心分離した後、NTA(Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis )システム(Nanosight LM10,Malvern Instruments)を用いて細胞外小胞の大きさと数量を測定し、その結果を図8A~図8D及び表5に示した。
MTDペプチドを用いると、平均181.1nm、最頻値115.6nm、及び標準偏差75.2nmを示した。
TU17ペプチドを用いると、平均229.6nm、最頻値150.9nm、及び標準偏差104.3nmを示した。
TU114ペプチドを用いると、平均231.1nm、最頻値182.3nm、及び標準偏差110.2nmを示した。
293-HEK細胞株を6ウェルプレートに90%コンフルエンシーで培養した後、培養液を除去し、eMTDΔ4ペプチド(最終濃度:25μM)と組み換え(recombinant)TRAILとを、それぞれ25μM、2μg/mlの濃度で実施例1の溶液に溶かして細胞株に処理した。上清を採取し、PEG(最終濃度:8%)を添加した後、12000rcfで10分間遠心分離して細胞外小胞を沈殿させ、これをSDS-アクリルアミドゲルにかけてTRAILタンパク質を確認し、その結果を図9及び表6に示した。
293-HEK細胞株を6ウェルプレートに90%コンフルエンシーで培養した後、培養液を除去し、eMTDΔ4ペプチド(最終濃度:25μM)とプラスミドDNA(PUC19 3μg/ml、EGFP-C1 6μg/ml)とを実施例1の溶液に溶かして細胞株に処理した。
ドキソルビシンは、細胞膜をよく通過する薬物であり、乳癌、膀胱癌、カポジ肉腫、リンパ腫又は急性リンパ性白血病など癌治療に使われる薬物である。まず、HeLa細胞株を12ウェルプレートに一晩培養した後、エフェクテンを、pEGFP-HSP90がクローニングされたプラスミドを処理し、4時間後に培養液を入れ換えた。翌日、HeLa細胞株から培養液を除去し、細胞株を準備した。
PI(propidium iodide)は、細胞膜を通過しにくい薬物であり、細胞の染色に使用可能な蛍光物質である。まず、HSP90タンパク質をHeLa細胞株にトランスフェクションさせ、細胞株を準備した。
Claims (16)
- 配列番号1~配列番号21のアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド群から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上のペプチドを含むことを特徴とする細胞外小胞産生促進用組成物。
- 配列番号1~配列番号21のアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド群から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上のペプチド;及び
糖を含む溶液;
を含むことを特徴とする細胞外小胞産生用培地。 - 前記糖は、グルコース(glucose)、スクロース(sucrose)、及びソルビトール(sorbitol)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上である、請求項2に記載の細胞外小胞産生用培地。
- 前記溶液は、MOPS[3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid]をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の細胞外小胞産生用培地。
- 前記溶液は、塩化ナトリウム(NaCl)、塩化カリウム(KCl)、グルコン酸ナトリウム(Na-gluconate)、グルコン酸カリウム(K-gluconate)、リン酸ナトリウム(NaPO4)、及びリン酸カリウム(KPO4)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の細胞外小胞産生用培地。
- 次の段階を含む細胞外小胞の生産方法:
配列番号1~配列番号21のアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド群から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上のペプチド、及び糖を含む溶液を含む培地を準備する培地準備段階;及び
培地と細胞株とを混合する混合段階。 - 前記糖は、グルコース(glucose)、スクロース(sucrose)、及びソルビトール(sorbitol)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上である、請求項6に記載の細胞外小胞の生産方法。
- 前記溶液は、MOPS[3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid]をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の細胞外小胞の生産方法。
- 前記溶液は、塩化ナトリウム(NaCl)、塩化カリウム(KCl)、グルコン酸ナトリウム(Na-gluconate)、グルコン酸カリウム(K-gluconate)、スクロース(Sucrose)、リン酸ナトリウム(NaPO4)、及びリン酸カリウム(KPO4)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の細胞外小胞の生産方法。
- 前記細胞株は、CT26(マウス結腸癌)、HeLa(ヒト子宮頸癌)、HEK293(ヒト腎臓上皮)、3T3-L1(マウス脂肪細胞)、及びHMSC(ヒト間葉系幹細胞)からなる群から選ばれるいずれか1つである、請求項6に記載の細胞外小胞の生産方法。
- 次の段階を含む細胞外小胞搭載物(Payload)ローディング方法:
配列番号1~配列番号21のアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド群から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上のペプチド、及び糖を含む溶液を含む培地を準備する培地準備段階;及び
培地、搭載物、及び細胞株を混合する混合段階。 - 前記搭載物は、タンパク質、DNA、RNA、プラスミドDNA、及び抗癌物質からなる群から選ばれる1種以上である、請求項11に記載の細胞外小胞搭載物ローディング方法。
- 前記抗癌物質は、抗癌タンパク質、腫瘍抑制遺伝子、及び抗癌剤からなる群から選ばれる1種以上である、請求項12に記載の細胞外小胞搭載物ローディング方法。
- 前記抗癌タンパク質は、アスパラギナーゼ、ボツリヌス毒素(Botulinum toxin)、破傷風毒素(Tetanus toxin)、志賀毒素(Shiga toxin)、ジフテリア毒素(Diphtheria toxin,DT)、リシン(ricin)、シュードモナス外毒素(Pseudomonas exotoxin,PE)、サイトリシンA(cytolysin A,ClyA)、γ-ゲロニン(γ-Gelonin)、血管内皮増殖因子(vscular endothelial growth factor、VEGF)、アンジオポエチン1(angiopoietin 1,Ang1)、アンジオポエチン2(Ang2)、形質転換増殖因子-β(transforming growth factor-β)、TGF-βインテグリン(integrin)、血管内皮カドヘリン(VE-cadherin)、プラスミノーゲン活性剤(plasminogen activator,PA)、エフリン(ephrin)、血小板由来増殖因子(PDGF)、単球走化性タンパク質-1(MCP-1,monocyte chemotactic protein-1)、線維芽細胞増殖因子(FGF)、胎盤増殖因子(placenta growth factor,PIGF)、VHL(von HippelLindau)、APC(Adenomatous polyposis coli)、CD95(cluster of differentiation 95)、ST5(Suppression of tumorigenicity 5)、YPEL3(Yippee like 3)、ST7(Suppression of tumorigenicity 7)、及びST14(Suppression of tumorigenicity 14)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上である、請求項13に記載の細胞外小胞搭載物ローディング方法。
- 前記腫瘍抑制遺伝子は、VHL(von HippelLindau)、APC(Adenomatous polyposis coli)、CD95(cluster of differentiation 95)、ST5(Suppression of tumorigenicity 5)、YPEL3(Yippee like 3)、ST7(Suppression of tumorigenicity 7)、及びST14(Suppression of tumorigenicity 14)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上である、請求項13に記載の細胞外小胞搭載物ローディング方法。
- 前記抗癌剤は、メトトレキサート(methotrexate)、5-フルオロウラシル(5-fluorouracil)、ゲムシタビン(gemcitabine)、アラビノシルシトシン(arabinosylcytosine)、ヒドロキシウレア(hydroxy urea)、メルカプトプリン(mercaptopurine)、チオグアニン(thioguanine)、ナイトロジェンマスタード(nitrogen mustard)、シクロスポラミド(cyclosporamide)、アントラシクリン(anthracycline)、ダウノルビシン(daunorubicin)、ドキソルビシン(doxorubicin)、エピルビシン(epirubicin)、イダルビシン(idarubicin)、ピキサントロン(pixantrone)、サバルビシン(sabarubicin)、バルルビシン(valrubicin)、アクチノマイシンD(actinomycin D)、ビンクリスチン(vincristine)、タキソール(taxol)、コンブレタスタチンA4(combretastatin A4)、フマギリン(Fumagillin)、ハービマイシン(herbimycin A)、2-メトキシエストラジオール(2-methoxyestradiol)、OGT 2115、TNP 470、トラニラスト(tranilast)、XRP44X、サリドマイド(thalidomide)、エンドスタチン(endostatin)、サルモシン(salmosin)、アンジオスタチン(angiostatin)、プラスミノーゲン(plasminogen)、アポリポタンパク質(apolipoprotein)のクリングルドメイン(kringle domain)、オキサロプラチン、カルボプラチン(carboplatin)、シスプラチン(cisplatin)、ボルテゾミブ(Bortezomib)、及び放射性核種(radionuclides)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上である、請求項13に記載の細胞外小胞搭載物ローディング方法。
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