JP2023527420A - ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物を有効成分として含む、退行性脳疾患の予防又は治療用組成物 - Google Patents
ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物を有効成分として含む、退行性脳疾患の予防又は治療用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
抽出物の作製
ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物を作製するために、各植物を80%エタノール(Ethyl alcohol)で37℃にて24時間抽出し、3回繰り返し抽出した。ハイビスカス、ローズマリー、ブドウ種子抽出物を2:1:1の割合で混ぜて複合抽出物を作製した(図1)。
抽出物の毒性確認
実施例1で作製した単独及び複合抽出物の細胞及び遺伝毒性を確認した。
具体的には、ハイビスカス、ローズマリー又はブドウ種子単独抽出物及び本発明の複合抽出物を0~1000ppmの濃度にし、それを用いてRAW264.7細胞株及びBV-2細胞株を処理し、MTT実験により毒性を測定した。
その結果、図2に示すように、ローズマリー単独抽出物においては、250ppmの濃度で急激に細胞毒性が現れるのに対して、複合抽出物においては、1000ppmの高濃度でも細胞の生存率が減少しないことが確認された。
その結果、図3に示すように、陽性対照群で処理したものにおいては、遺伝毒性を示す細胞周辺のコメットテイルが観測されたが、複合抽出物においては、1000ppmの濃度でも遺伝毒性を示すコメットテイルが現れないことが確認された。
複合抽出物の抗酸化効能
本発明の複合抽出物の抗酸化効能を確認するために、in vitroDPPH assayを行った。
より具体的には、実施例1で作製した複合抽出物を濃度別に準備し、その後DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)試薬に反応させた。DPPHは、紫色を帯びた化合物であり、抗酸化能を有する物質と反応すると還元作用により黄色に変化する。このような原理で抗酸化効能を測定することができる。ここで、陽性対照群としてアスコルビン酸を用いた。
その結果、図4に示すように、本発明の複合抽出物において有意な抗酸化効能が確認された。
複合抽出物のNO阻害活性度の測定
炎症反応が体内で起こると、NF-KBシグナル伝達過程によりiNOSの発現が増加し、それによる産物であるNO(一酸化窒素)の生成が増加する。Griess assayにより炎症反応で発生したNOの量を測定することができ、抽出物のNO産生阻害活性度を測定するために、前述したように作製した本発明の複合抽出物でRAW264.7細胞株を処理した。NO産生阻害活性を測定するための実験を行ったところ、濃度依存的に、本発明の複合抽出物においてNO産生が阻害されることが分かった(図5)。
アルツハイマー病モデルマウスを用いた記憶力改善効能
実施例5-1:Y字迷路試験
ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物の記憶力改善効能をアルツハイマー病モデルマウスのY字迷路試験により確認した。
より具体的には、7週齢の5XFADアルツハイマー病モデルマウスに、経口投与により本発明の複合抽出物を200mg/kgの濃度で14週間摂取させた(図6のA)。この投与後に、Y字迷路試験によりマウスの短期記憶力を実験した。
その結果、図6に示すように、正常対照群の記憶能力(Y-maze alteration = 63.01%)に比べて、アルツハイマー病モデルマウスの記憶能力(Y-maze alteration = 51.88%)が低下したのに対して、本発明の複合抽出物を投与した群においては、アルツハイマー病の誘導による記憶力低下が改善されることが確認された(Y-maze alteration = 61.28%)(図6のB)。
よって、本発明の複合抽出物には、アルツハイマー病による記憶力低下を改善する効能があることが確認された。
本発明の複合抽出物の記憶力改善効能をアルツハイマー病モデルマウスの水中迷路実験により確認した。
より具体的には、7週齢の5XFADアルツハイマー病モデルマウスに、経口投与により本発明の複合抽出物を200mg/kgの濃度で14週間摂取させた(図6のA)。この投与後に、モリス水中迷路実験によりアルツハイマー病モデルマウスがプラットフォームを記憶しているか否か実験し、5日間の訓練でプラットフォームの位置を記憶する学習能力を測定した。
その結果、図7に示すように、アルツハイマー病モデルマウス(赤色)の学習能力が最も低下し、本発明の複合抽出物を投与した認知症モデルマウス(青色)の学習能力が大きく改善されることが確認された。
よって、本発明の複合抽出物投与は、移動能力に影響を及ぼすことなく、アルツハイマー型認知症症状を緩和し、記憶力を増加させることが確認された。
アルツハイマー病モデルマウスを用いた複合抽出物における記憶力改善のシナジー効果の検証
本発明の複合抽出物における記憶力改善のシナジー効果を確認するために、アルツハイマー病モデルマウスのY字迷路試験を行った。
具体的な実験方法は、実施例5-1と同様である。
その結果、図9に示すように、正常対照群の記憶能力(Y-maze alteration = 63.01%)に比べて、アルツハイマー病モデルマウスの記憶能力(Y-maze alteration = 51.88%)が低下した。ここで、各単独抽出物及びそれらの複合抽出物を投与したところ、ハイビスカス単独抽出物(Y-maze alteration = 57.76%)群において、有意な記憶力改善が現れ、複合抽出物投与群においては、正常対照群の記憶能力レベルまで改善されることが確認された(Y-maze alteration = 61.28%)(図9)。
アルツハイマー病モデルマウスを用いた各濃度の複合抽出物における記憶力改善効能
記憶力改善に効能を有する複合抽出物の適正濃度を調べるために、7週齢の5XFADアルツハイマー病モデルマウスに複合抽出物を100、200、400mg/kgの濃度で14週間経口投与した。この投与後に、Y字迷路試験によりマウスの短期記憶を実験した。
その結果、図10に示すように、複合抽出物の濃度が高くなるほど正常レベルまで記憶力が改善されることが分かった。
アルツハイマー病モデルマウスの脳組織分析
実施例8-1:免疫組織化学分析
本発明の複合抽出物のβアミロイド凝集の程度及び反応性神経膠症(Gliosis)をアルツハイマー病モデルマウスの脳組織の免疫組織化学実験により分析した。
より具体的には、免疫組織化学実験方法により、6E10抗体を用いて脳組織を観察し、βアミロイド凝集が減少すると、周辺のアストロサイト(astrocyte)の炎症反応活性が低下するので、反応性神経膠症レベルを測定した。
その結果、図11に示すように、本発明の複合抽出物を投与しないアルツハイマー病モデルマウスグループと比較して、それを投与したアルツハイマー病モデルマウスグループの海馬及び大脳皮質部位において、βアミロイド凝集がそれぞれ約1/3及び約1/4に減少することが確認された(図11のA、B)。
より具体的には、アルツハイマー病モデルマウスの脳を摘出して切片を作製し、その後アストロサイト特異的タンパク質であるGFAPに対する抗体を用いて分析した(図12のA、B)。
その結果、図12に示すように、本発明の複合抽出物を投与すると、周辺のアストロサイトの反応性神経膠症レベルを示す抗体反応が大幅に減少することが確認された。
水溶性及び不溶性βアミロイドタンパク質の変化を確認するために、ELISA実験により分析した。
その結果、図13に示すように、水溶性及び不溶性βアミロイドタンパク質の量が減少することが確認された。
Claims (9)
- ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物を有効成分として含む、退行性脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬学的組成物。
- 前記ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物の割合は2:1:1である、請求項1に記載の退行性脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬学的組成物。
- 前記退行性脳疾患は、水溶性又は不溶性βアミロイド(Aβ)タンパク質の凝集によるものである、請求項1に記載の退行性脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬学的組成物。
- 前記退行性脳疾患は、認知症又はアルツハイマー病である、請求項1に記載の退行性脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬学的組成物。
- 前記ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物は、抗酸化、NO産生阻害、記憶力改善、βアミロイド凝集体減少、神経膠症レベル減少及びβアミロイドタンパク質量減少効果を発揮するものである、請求項1に記載の退行性脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬学的組成物。
- ヒトを除く個体に、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の薬学的組成物を投与するステップを含む、退行性脳疾患の予防又は治療方法。
- ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物を有効成分として含む、退行性脳疾患の予防又は改善用機能性食品組成物。
- ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物を有効成分として含む、記憶力又は認知機能の改善用機能性食品組成物。
- ハイビスカス、ローズマリー及びブドウ種子抽出物を有効成分として含む、退行性脳疾患の予防又は改善用飼料組成物。
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