JP2023507459A - 加熱層の電流リードのマスクと同じ積層構造レベルに位置する加熱層を備えた積層グレージング - Google Patents

加熱層の電流リードのマスクと同じ積層構造レベルに位置する加熱層を備えた積層グレージング Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2023507459A
JP2023507459A JP2022537708A JP2022537708A JP2023507459A JP 2023507459 A JP2023507459 A JP 2023507459A JP 2022537708 A JP2022537708 A JP 2022537708A JP 2022537708 A JP2022537708 A JP 2022537708A JP 2023507459 A JP2023507459 A JP 2023507459A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
glazing
heating layer
transparent sheet
mask
laminated glazing
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Pending
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JP2022537708A
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English (en)
Inventor
マイユー ジャン－ブノワ
ルビ ミシェル
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Publication of JP2023507459A publication Critical patent/JP2023507459A/ja
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/004—Mounting of windows
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

加熱層の電流リードのマスクと同じ積層構造レベルに位置する加熱層を備えた積層グレージング。本発明は、－ 積層グレージングであって、グレージングの搭載位置で、グレージングの外面を構成するように意図された第１透明シート（１）と、接着中間層（２）によって第１透明シート（１）に結合された第２透明シート（３）と、グレージングの周囲に位置決めされたリード（７）によって電流を供給される加熱層（６）と、積層グレージングの搭載位置で外側から見られないようにリード（７）を隠すために、やはりグレージングの周囲で第１透明シート（１）とリード（７）との間に位置決めされたマスク（９）とを含み、加熱層（６）とマスク（９）とが、グレージングの積層構造の同一平面上に位置していることを特徴とする、積層グレージング、－ 地上乗物、自動車、鉄道車両、装甲車両、水上乗物のための、又は建造物のためのこれらの使用に関する。【選択図】 図３

Description

本発明は、地上乗物、自動車（フロントウィンドウ、リアウィンドウ）、鉄道車両、（加熱サイドを含む）装甲車両、水上乗物のための使用を考慮するものなのか、又は建造物のための使用を考慮するものなのかにかかわりなく、加熱層が組み込まれた積層グレージングに関する。
現在、積層グレージング内に組み込まれた加熱システムは、２つの電流リードによって給電される。これらの電流リード自体は積層グレージング内に組み込まれ、加熱システムの周囲に位置決めされている。これらのリードは、グレージングの可視領域内に位置決めされている。
これらのリードは、外部雰囲気側から、そして乗物又は建造物の内側からも見られないように、ラッカー又は不透明インクによって覆い隠すことができる。ラッカー又は不透明インクは、見場（リードの外観）の理由から、又は存在に気づかれないようにする理由（ｓｔｅａｌｔｈ ｒｅａｓｏｎｓ）から、例えばスクリーン印刷される。この場合、加熱システムは、マスクと同じ積層構造（その厚さ）平面上に位置していない。この配列は、合せガラスの体積及び重量を増大させる効果を有する。
加熱システムは、単一又は複数の層を備えたシステムである。層は、酸化インジウムスズ（ＩＴＯ）の層、１つ又は２つ以上の銀層を含んでよい。
フロートミネラルガラスシートの場合、これらのシートは（溶融スズ浴と接触する）いわゆるスズ面（ｔｉｎ ｆａｃｅ）と、スズ面よりも微小亀裂が少なく機械的に強い他方のいわゆる空気面（ａｉｒ ｆａｃｅ）とを有している。このような理由から、衝撃が生じる起源がおそらく外部であり、ガラスの機械強度が衝撃とは反対側のシート面、すなわち内面上の広がりの決定因子であることを想定すると、空気面は乗物又は建造物の内部へ向かって位置決めされるのが好ましい。したがって、ミネラルガラスシートのこのような空気面上に、いずれにしても乗物又は建造物の内部へ向かって配向された透明シートの面上に、加熱層が堆積される。もちろん、加熱層に使用者が直接にアクセスすることは排除される（それというのも電流が加熱層内に流れているからである）。このことは乗物又は建造物の内部へ向かって補足的な透明シートの積層を必要とする。
一方では、積層構造の２つの異なる平面内にマスクと加熱システムとを位置決めすると、３つの透明シートを使用することになり、これにより積層グレージングは重くなり、他方では、これは加熱システムを外部雰囲気と接触するグレージング表面から離れるように移動させ、このことはその除氷機能の効果を低減し、且つ／又はその加熱出力を増大させることを必要とする。
したがって、本件発明者は、より軽い加熱グレージングを設計すること、そして外部雰囲気と接触するグレージング面に加熱層をより接近させることに同時に焦点を絞った。
これを目的として、本発明の１つの主題は、積層グレージングであって、前記グレージングの搭載位置で、前記グレージングの外面を構成するように意図された第１透明シートと、接着中間層によって前記第１透明シートに結合された第２透明シートと、前記グレージングの周囲に位置決めされたリードによって電流を供給される加熱層と、前記積層グレージングの搭載位置で外側から見られないように前記リードを隠すために、やはり前記グレージングの周囲で前記第１透明シートと前記リードとの間に位置決めされたマスクと、を含み、前記加熱層と前記マスクとが、前記グレージングの積層構造の同一平面上に位置していることを特徴とする、積層グレージング、である。
本発明により、電流リードは、外部へ向かって補足的な透明シートを積層することを必要とするマスクを使用することなしに、乗物又は建造物の外部から見られないように隠される。
本発明の意味の範囲では、加熱層は上記のような周知のタイプ、具体的には厚さ５０～８００ｎｍ（４０～２オーム／スクエアのＲ／スクエア）のＩＴＯ層であり、そして方形から逸脱した複雑な形状のグレージングの場合には、区別化された加熱ゾーン、層の厚さ勾配、導電層のレーザーアブレーションによって得られる流れ分離ラインによる電流のガイド、及び周知の有用なあらゆる改善手段を含む。
好ましくは、前記加熱層と前記マスクとが、前記第１透明シートの、前記外部雰囲気と接触する面とは反対側の面上に位置している。
好ましくは、前記リードが前記マスク上に直接に位置している。
好ましくは、各リードが、透明導電性フィルムによって前記加熱層に結合されており、前記透明導電性フィルムが前記加熱層を部分的に覆っている。これは例えば導電層で被覆されたポリマー材料から成るフィルムである。
好ましくは、第１透明シート及び第２透明シートが、任意には熱的にテンパリングされた又は化学的に強化されたソーダ石灰、アルミノケイ酸、又はホウケイ酸ガラスのようなミネラルガラスシート、及びポリ（メチルメタクリレート）（ＰＭＭＡ）、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）、ポリウレタン（ＰＵ）、ポリエステル、例えばポリ（エチレンテレフタレート）（ＰＥＴ）のような有機ポリマー材料シートから、互いに独立して選択される。
これらの透明シートはそれぞれ厚さが０．１～２０ｍｍ、具体的には最大で１５ｍｍに等しく、好ましくは１２ｍｍに等しい。装甲プレート機能（ａｒｍｏｒ－ｐｌａｔｉｎｇ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ）を有するグレージングは、第１の１２ｍｍ透明サファイアシート（結晶Ａｌ２Ｏ３）、化学的に強化されたミネラルガラス、例えばアルミノシリケート又はＰＭＭＡと、例えばポリシロキサン耐スクラッチ性被膜を備えた０．１８ｍｍ厚という薄いＰＥＴから成る、又は、２．５～３ｍｍ厚のＰＣから成る第２の透明シートとを含んでよい。自動車用グレージングは、第１及び第２のフロートミネラルガラスシート、例えば任意には熱テンパリングされた、厚さが互いに等しいか又は異なる、１．６～２．１ｍｍの範囲をほとんど超えないソーダ石灰ガラスを含んでよい。列車用グレージングは、厚さ４～６ｍｍのミネラルガラスから成る第１透明シートと、厚さ約８ｍｍの無機ガラスから成る第２透明シートとを含んでよい。
好ましくは、前記接着中間層が、ポリビニルブチラール（ＰＶＢ）、熱可塑性ポリウレタン（ＴＰＵ）、エチレン酢酸ビニル（ＥＶＡ）から選択される。その厚さは例えば、装甲車両用グレージングでは約０．３８ｍｍ、列車用グレージングでは５～６ｍｍ厚であってよい。
本発明の別の主題は、地上乗物、自動車（フロントウィンドウ、リアウィンドウ）、鉄道車両、（加熱サイドを含む）装甲車両、水上乗物のための、又は建造物のための上記積層グレージングの使用である。
添付の図面は本発明を例示している。
図１は、従来技術の第１の積層グレージングを示す概略断面図である。 図２は、従来技術の第２の積層グレージングを示す概略断面図である。 図３は、本発明による積層グレージングを示す概略断面図である。
図１において、既知の第１グレージングは、外部雰囲気と接触するように意図された厚さ１．６ｍｍの熱的にテンパリングされた第１ソーダ石灰フロートガラスシート１と、自動車の内部と接触するように意図された厚さ２．１ｍｍの熱的にテンパリングされた第２ソーダ石灰フロートガラスシート３とを含む。ガラスシート１及び３は、厚さ０．７６ｍｍのＰＶＢ層２によって結合されている。第１ガラスシート１の、自動車乗員室へ向かって配向された面には、厚さ２００ｎｍの加熱導電ＩＴＯ層６（シート抵抗１０オーム／スクエア）が堆積されている。加熱導電ＩＴＯ層は、例えば積層グレージングの周囲で、そして加熱層６と同じ積層構造平面上で厚さ０．２～１．５ｍｍの銅又は銀から成るリード７によって電流源に接続されている。リードはグレージングの可視領域内にあり、光をそこから、自動車の外側にいる観察者を眩惑させるような形で反射させることができる。
図２における第１ガラスシート１及び第２ガラスシート３、及びＰＶＢ層２も、図１のものと同一である。しかしながら、図２においては、厚さ１．６ｍｍの熱的にテンパリングされた第３ソーダ石灰ガラスシート５が、厚さ０．７６ｍｍの第２ＰＶＢ層４によって第２ガラスシート３に結合されている。この事例では、第２ガラスシート３の、自動車乗員室へ向けて配向された面上には、積層構造の同じ高さ又は同じ平面上に、加熱層６と、グレージングの互いに対向する２つの縁部で周囲にやはり位置決めされたその電流リード７とが堆積されている。スクリーン印刷されたラッカーから成るマスク９を、第１ガラスシート１の、自動車乗員室へ向けて配向された面上に堆積することにより、自動車の外側から見られないようにリード７を隠す。
本発明によれば、図３においてスクリーン印刷ラッカーのマスク９はやはり第１ガラスシート１の、自動車乗員室へ向けて配向された面上に、加熱層６と同様に堆積されている。リード７は、マスクと同様に、グレージングの２つの互いに対向する縁部で、マスク９上に直接に堆積されている。加熱層６は、透明導電フィルム８によって各リード７に電気的に接続されている。透明導電フィルム８は加熱層６を部分的に覆う。導電フィルム８は、登録商標ＸＩＲ ７０ＨＰＳの名称でＥａｓｔｍａｎ社によって販売されている。本発明により、リードはただ２つのガラスシートを有する軽量積層構造内で、自動車の外側から見られないように覆い隠される。この構造内で、グレージングの、外部雰囲気と接触する面のできる限り近くで、外側ガラスシート１の、自動車乗員室へ向けて配向された面上で加熱層６を保護することにより、熱出力を最小限に抑えるようにこの面の除氷機能を提供する。

Claims (7)

  1. 積層グレージングであって、前記グレージングの搭載位置で、前記グレージングの外面を構成するように意図された第１透明シート（１）と、接着中間層（２）によって前記第１透明シート（１）に結合された第２透明シート（３）と、前記グレージングの周囲に位置決めされたリード（７）によって電流を供給される加熱層（６）と、前記積層グレージングの搭載位置で外側から見られないように前記リード（７）を隠すために、やはり前記グレージングの周囲で前記第１透明シート（１）と前記リード（７）との間に位置決めされたマスク（９）とを含み、
    前記加熱層（６）と前記マスク（９）とが前記グレージングの積層構造の同一平面上に位置していることを特徴とする、積層グレージング。
  2. 前記加熱層（６）と前記マスク（９）とが、前記第１透明シート（１）の、前記外部雰囲気と接触する面とは反対側の面上に位置していることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の積層グレージング。
  3. 前記リード（７）が前記マスク（９）上に直接に位置していることを特徴とする、請求項１又は２に記載の積層グレージング。
  4. 各リード（７）が、透明導電性フィルム（８）によって前記加熱層（６）に結合されており、前記透明導電性フィルムが前記加熱層（６）を部分的に覆っていることを特徴とする、請求項１～３までのいずれか１項に記載の積層グレージング。
  5. 前記第１透明シート（１）及び第２透明シート（３）が、任意には熱的にテンパリングされた又は化学的に強化されたソーダ石灰、アルミノケイ酸、又はホウケイ酸ガラスのような、ミネラルガラスシート、及びポリ（メチルメタクリレート）（ＰＭＭＡ）、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）、ポリウレタン（ＰＵ）、ポリエステル、例えばポリ（エチレンテレフタレート）（ＰＥＴ）のような、有機ポリマー材料シートから、互いに独立して選択されることを特徴とする、請求項１～４までのいずれか１項に記載の積層グレージング。
  6. 前記接着中間層（２）が、ポリビニルブチラール（ＰＶＢ）、熱可塑性ポリウレタン（ＴＰＵ）、エチレン酢酸ビニル（ＥＶＡ）から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項１～５までのいずれか１項に記載の積層グレージング。
  7. 地上乗物、自動車（フロントウィンドウ、リアウィンドウ）、鉄道乗物、（加熱サイドを含む）装甲車両、水上乗物のための、又は建造物のための請求項１～６までのいずれか１項に記載の積層グレージングの使用。
JP2022537708A 2019-12-19 2020-12-16 加熱層の電流リードのマスクと同じ積層構造レベルに位置する加熱層を備えた積層グレージング Pending JP2023507459A (ja)

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Effective date: 20231215