JP2023503693A - 負極活性材料、その製造方法、二次電池及び二次電池を含む装置 - Google Patents
負極活性材料、その製造方法、二次電池及び二次電池を含む装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023503693A JP2023503693A JP2022532628A JP2022532628A JP2023503693A JP 2023503693 A JP2023503693 A JP 2023503693A JP 2022532628 A JP2022532628 A JP 2022532628A JP 2022532628 A JP2022532628 A JP 2022532628A JP 2023503693 A JP2023503693 A JP 2023503693A
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydron;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ILXAVRFGLBYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Mn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ILXAVRFGLBYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical class [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical class [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
前記核が人造黒鉛を含み、前記被覆層が非晶質炭素を含み、
前記負極活性材料の粒度の一致性(Uniformity)が0.25~0.45である、負極活性材料を提供する。
前記負極シートが、負極集電体と、前記負極集電体の少なくとも一つの表面に設置され且つ負極活性材料を含む負極フィルム層とを含み、
ここで、前記負極活性材料が本願の第1の態様に係る負極活性材料を含む、二次電池を提供する。
(a)コークス原料を提供し、前記コークス原料の体積平均粒径Dv50が6μm~12μmであり、前記コークス原料の揮発分含有量C1が1%≦C1≦12%を満たし、好ましくは5%≦C1≦9%である工程と、
(b)前記コークス原料を整形して分級処理を行い、前駆体を得て、前記前駆体の粒度の一致性(uniformity)U1が0.2≦U1≦0.5を満たす工程と、
(c)前記前駆体を造粒させ、前記造粒過程で添加された接着剤の使用量がC2であり、前記C1、前記C2及び前記U1が21%≦(C1+C2)/U1×100%≦50%を満たし、好ましくは、31%≦(C1+C2)/U1≦35%である工程と、
(d)造粒生成物を2800℃~3200℃の温度で黒鉛化処理を行い、人造黒鉛を得て、前記人造黒鉛の粒度の一致性(uniformity)U2が0.22≦U2≦0.48を満たす工程と、
(e)有機炭素源を用いて前記人造黒鉛を被覆し、熱処理することにより、前記人造黒鉛の少なくとも一部の表面に非晶質炭素被覆層を形成し、負極活性材料を得て、前記被覆過程で添加された有機炭素源の使用量C3と前記C1、前記C2及び前記U2との間が20%≦(C1+C2+C3)/U2×100%≦55%、且つ1.5%≦C3×残炭率≦2.5%を満たす工程と、を含み、
ここで、前記負極活性材料の粒度の一致性(Uniformity)が0.25~0.45である、負極活性材料の製造方法。
負極活性材料
二次電池
[負極シート]
[正極シート]
[電解質]
[セパレータ]
装置
実施例
一 電池の作製
実施例1
負極活性材料の調製 (1)原料破砕
負極シートの作製
正極シートの作製
セパレータ
電解液の調製
二次電池の作製
二 電池性能の測定
(1)急速充電性能測定
(2)サイクル性能の測定
(3)貯蔵性能の測定
Claims (12)
- 負極活性材料であって、核と、前記核の表面を被覆する被覆層とを含み、
前記核は人造黒鉛を含み、前記被覆層は非晶質炭素を含み、
前記負極活性材料の粒度の一致性(Uniformity)は0.25~0.45である、負極活性材料。 - 前記負極活性材料の粒度の一致性(Uniformity)は0.3~0.4であり、好ましくは0.31~0.38である、請求項1に記載の負極活性材料。
- 前記負極活性材料の粒度比表面積は0.3m2/g~0.65m2/gであり、好ましくは0.4m2/g~0.55m2/gである、請求項1又は2に記載の負極活性材料。
- 前記負極活性材料は、0.8≦(Dv90-Dv10)/Dv50≦1.6を満たし、好ましくは0.9≦(Dv90-Dv10)/Dv50≦1.4である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の負極活性材料。
- 前記負極活性材料は二次粒子を含み、且つ前記負極活性材料における前記二次粒子の数量割合は≧30%であり、好ましくは、前記負極活性材料における前記二次粒子の数量割合は≧50%である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の負極活性材料。
- 前記負極活性材料は、さらに下記(1)~(5)のうちの一つ又は複数を満たし、
(1)前記負極活性材料の体積粒径分布Dv10は、5μm≦Dv10≦10μmを満たし、好ましくは6.0μm≦Dv10≦8.0μmであり、
(2)前記負極活性材料の体積平均粒径Dv50は、8μm≦Dv50≦16μmを満たし、好ましくは10μm≦Dv50≦14μmであり、
(3)前記負極活性材料の黒鉛化度は、91.0%~96.0%であり、好ましくは92.0%~94.5%であり、
(4)前記負極活性材料のグラム容量は、345mAh/g~360mAh/gであり、好ましくは、348mAh/g~355mAh/gであり、
(5)前記負極活性材料のタップ密度は、0.8g/cm3~1.2g/cm3であり、好ましくは0.95g/cm3~1.05g/cm3である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の負極活性材料。 - 二次電池であって、負極シートを含み、
前記負極シートは負極集電体と前記負極集電体の少なくとも一つの表面に設置され且つ負極活性材料を含む負極フィルム層とを含み、
前記負極活性材料は請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の負極活性材料を含む、二次電池。 - 前記二次電池は、さらに下記(1)~(3)のうちの一つ又は複数を満たし、
(1)前記負極フィルム層の孔隙率は、20%~50%であり、好ましくは、25%~40%であり、
(2)前記負極フィルム層の圧縮密度は、1.45g/cm3~1.7g/cm3であり、好ましくは、1.55g/cm3~1.65g/cm3であり、
(3)前記負極フィルム層の面密度は、75g/m2~130g/m2であり、好ましくは、90g/m2~110g/m2である、請求項7に記載の二次電池。 - 前記二次電池は正極シートを含み、
前記正極シートは正極集電体と前記正極集電体の少なくとも一つの表面に設置され且つ正極活性材料を含む正極フィルム層とを含み、
前記正極活性材料はオリビン構造のリチウム含有リン酸塩、リチウム遷移金属酸化物及びそれらの改質化合物のうちの一種又は複数種を含み、
好ましくは、前記正極活性材料は式1に示されるリチウム遷移金属酸化物及びその改質化合物のうちの一種又は複数種を含み、
LiaNibCocMdOeAf 式1
前記式1において、0.8≦a≦1.2、0.5≦b<1、0<c<1、0<d<1、1≦e≦2、0≦f≦1であり、MはMn、Al、Zr、Zn、Cu、Cr、Mg、Fe、V、Ti及びBのうちから選択される一種又は複数種であり、AはN、F、S及びClのうちから選択される一種又は複数種であることを特徴とする、請求項7~8のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池。 - 請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池を含む装置。
- 負極活性材料の製造方法であって、
(a)コークス原料を提供し、前記コークス原料の体積平均粒径Dv50は6μm~12μmであり、前記コークス原料の揮発分含有量C1は1%≦C1≦12%を満たし、好ましくは5%≦C1≦9%である工程と、
(b)前記コークス原料を整形して分級処理を行い、前駆体を得て、前記前駆体の粒度の一致性(uniformity)U1は0.2≦U1≦0.5を満たす工程と、
(c)前記前駆体を造粒させ、前記造粒過程で添加された接着剤の使用量はC2であり、前記C1、前記C2及び前記U1は21%≦(C1+C2)/U1×100%≦50%を満たし、好ましくは、31%≦(C1+C2)/U1×100%≦35%である工程と、
(d)造粒生成物を2800℃~3200℃の温度で黒鉛化処理を行い、人造黒鉛を得て、前記人造黒鉛の粒度の一致性(uniformity)U2は、0.22≦U2≦0.48を満たす工程と、
(e)有機炭素源を用いて前記人造黒鉛を被覆し、熱処理することにより、前記人造黒鉛の少なくとも一部の表面に非晶質炭素被覆層を形成し、負極活性材料を得て、前記被覆過程で添加された有機炭素源の使用量C3と前記C1、前記C2及び前記U2との間は、20%≦(C1+C2+C3)/U2×100%≦55%、且つ1.5%≦C3×残炭率≦2.5%を満たす工程と、を含み、
前記負極活性材料の粒度の一致性(Uniformity)は0.25~0.45である、負極活性材料の製造方法。 - 前記コークス原料は石油系非針状コークス、石油系針状コークスのうちの一種又は複数種を含み、好ましくは、前記コークス原料は石油生コークスを含む、請求項11に記載の製造方法。
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