JP2023116989A - 車両の制御装置 - Google Patents
車両の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023116989A JP2023116989A JP2022019428A JP2022019428A JP2023116989A JP 2023116989 A JP2023116989 A JP 2023116989A JP 2022019428 A JP2022019428 A JP 2022019428A JP 2022019428 A JP2022019428 A JP 2022019428A JP 2023116989 A JP2023116989 A JP 2023116989A
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- cylinder
- control device
- crankshaft
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
- F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/30—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/11—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using model predictive control [MPC] strategies, i.e. control methods based on models predicting performance
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
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- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/101—Engine speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
Description
指令信号を出力してからインジェクタが燃料噴射を開始するまでに要する時間の長さを必要期間と呼称する。時間を尺度としたこの必要期間は、クランク軸の回転速度に拘わらず略一定である。ここで、ある一定時間が経過する間におけるクランク軸の回転量は、クランク軸の回転速度が高いほど大きくなる。したがって、時間を尺度とした上記の必要期間が同じであっても、クランク軸の回転速度が異なれば、指令信号を出力してからインジェクタが燃料噴射を開始するまでに要するクランク軸の回転量は異なる。上記構成において、規定回転量は、クランク軸の回転速度に応じたクランク軸の回転量の違いを反映した値になる。こうした規定回転量を用いて開始クランク位置を算出することで、開始クランク位置が正確な値になる。
<車両の全体構成>
図1に示すように、車両90は、内燃機関10、クラッチ81、モータジェネレータ82、変速ユニット80、及び油圧機構86を有する。また、車両90は、ディファレンシャル71、複数の駆動輪72、インバータ78、及びバッテリ79を有する。
モータジェネレータ82は、車両90の駆動源である。モータジェネレータ82は、電動機及び発電機の双方の機能を有する。モータジェネレータ82は、ステータ82C、ロータ82B、及び回転軸82Aを有する。ロータ82Bは、ステータ82Cに対して回転可能である。回転軸82Aは、ロータ82Bと一体回転する。モータジェネレータ82は、インバータ78を介してバッテリ79と電気的に接続している。バッテリ79は、モータジェネレータ82との間で電力を授受する。インバータ78は、直流交流の変換を行う。
図1及び図2に示すように、内燃機関10は、4つの気筒11、4つのピストン12、4つのコネクティングロッド13、及び上記クランク軸14を有する。なお、図2では、4つの気筒11のうちの1つのみを示している。ピストン12及びコネクティングロッド13についても同様である。ピストン12及びコネクティングロッド13は、気筒11毎に設けられている。以下では、4つの気筒11を総称して説明するときはこれらを気筒11と呼称し、これらを区別して説明するときは第1気筒#1、第2気筒#2、第3気筒#3、及び第4気筒#4と呼称する。
図1に示すように、車両90は、制御装置100を有する。制御装置100は、コンピュータプログラム(ソフトウェア)に従って各種処理を実行する1つ以上のプロセッサとして構成し得る。なお、制御装置100は、各種処理のうち少なくとも一部の処理を実行する、特定用途向け集積回路(ASIC)等の1つ以上の専用のハードウェア回路、またはそれらの組み合わせを含む回路(circuitry)として構成してもよい。プロセッサは、CPU111及び、RAM並びにROM112等のメモリを含む。メモリは、処理をCPU111に実行させるように構成されたプログラムコードまたは指令を格納している。メモリすなわちコンピュータ可読媒体は、汎用または専用のコンピュータでアクセスできるあらゆる利用可能な媒体を含む。制御装置100は、電気的に書き換え可能な不揮発性メモリである記憶装置を有する。
制御装置100は、状況に応じて車両90の走行モードを第1モード又は第2モードに切り替える。制御装置100は、第1モードでは、内燃機関10の運転を停止し、且つクラッチ81を切断状態にする。この場合、制御装置100は、モータジェネレータ82の動力のみによって車両90を走行させる。一方、制御装置100は、第2モードでは、内燃機関10を稼働させ、且つクラッチ81を接続状態にする。この場合、制御装置100は、内燃機関10の動力とモータジェネレータ82の動力とを併用して車両90を走行させる。なお、制御装置100は、第2モードでは、モータジェネレータ82に回生発電させて内燃機関10の動力のみで車両90を走行させることもある。
制御装置100が車両90の走行モードを第2モードから第1モードに切り替えた後、さほど間を置かずに第2モードへの切り替え要求が生じることがある。これは、乗員がアクセルペダル94を踏み込んだ状態から一旦は当該アクセルペダル94を解放したものの、乗員が再加速を指示すべく再度アクセルペダル94を踏み込むシーン(以下、再要求シーンと記す。)に相当する。なお、上記のとおり、走行モードが第1モードである場合、制御装置100は、クラッチ81を切断状態にするとともに内燃機関10を停止させる。つまり、再要求シーンでは、クラッチ81が切断状態であり、且つ点火プラグ19による点火及び各インジェクタによる燃料噴射を停止している状態で、走行モードを第2モードへ切り替える要求、すなわち内燃機関10の始動要求が生じることになる。
制御装置100は、単独始動制御の一環として初回噴射制御を実行可能である。この初回噴射制御は、単独始動制御のうち、初爆させる気筒(以下、初爆気筒と記す。)に対する燃料噴射を担う制御である。初爆とは、内燃機関10の始動要求があってから初回に混合気を燃焼させることである。
制御装置100は、第1処理では、4つの気筒11のうち、内燃機関10の始動要求があったときに圧縮行程にある気筒11である対象気筒を判別する。以下では、対象気筒に燃料を噴射する筒内インジェクタ18を対象インジェクタと呼称する。
制御装置100は、再要求シーンで内燃機関10の始動要求があると、機関回転速度NEが第1規定回転速度以上、且つ第2規定回転速度未満であることを条件に、速やかに単独始動制御を開始する。制御装置100は、単独始動制御を開始すると、当該制御の一環である初回噴射制御を開始する。
制御装置100が筒内インジェクタ18に対して燃料噴射を指示する指令信号Zを出力してから実際に筒内インジェクタ18が燃料噴射を開始するまでには次の過程がある。先ず、駆動回路73が動作する。例えば、スイッチがオンに切り替わる。そして、電磁ソレノイド18Aに通電が始まる。この後、電磁ソレノイド18Aに流れる電流値が徐々に高まる。この電流値がある程度大きくなると、弁体18Bが噴射位置へと動く。そして、筒内インジェクタ18が燃料噴射を開始する。この一連の過程には、相応に時間がかかる。ここで、制御装置100が筒内インジェクタ18に対して指令信号Zを出力したときにクランク軸14が回転している状況下では、上記の一連の過程の間もクランク軸14は回転し続ける。規定回転量Kは、上記の一連の過程の間におけるクランク軸14の回転量である。この規定回転量Kを加味したクランク位置として開始クランク位置WCRは設定してある。すなわち、図3に示すように、開始クランク位置WCRは、要求噴射位置YCRから規定回転量Kの分だけ進角したクランク位置である。したがって、開始クランク位置WCRで指令信号Zを出力できれば、指令信号Zを出力してから対象インジェクタが燃料噴射を開始するまでの遅延を、クランク軸14が規定回転量Kを回転する期間で相殺できる。そしてそれによって、対象インジェクタは、要求噴射位置YCRで燃料噴射を開始できる。要求噴射位置YCRで燃料噴射を開始できれば、対象インジェクタは、点火前までに燃料噴射を完了できる。
(1)上記作用に記載したとおり、制御装置100は、対象インジェクタに対する信号出力が、点火前までに燃料噴射を完了させる上で必要な信号出力のタイミングに間に合う場合には、対象インジェクタに燃料を噴射させる。この場合、制御装置100は、内燃機関10の始動要求があった後、可能な限り早いタイミングで初爆を行うことができる。このことで、内燃機関10の速やかな始動が可能になる。一方、制御装置100は、対象インジェクタに対する信号出力が上記タイミングに間に合わない場合には、対象インジェクタでの燃料噴射をキャンセルする。このことにより、対象インジェクタが無駄に燃料を噴射することを回避できる。
なお、上記実施形態は、以下のように変更して実施することができる。上記実施形態及び以下の変更例は、技術的に矛盾しない範囲で互いに組み合わせて実施することができる。
11…気筒
14…クランク軸
18…筒内インジェクタ
72…駆動輪
81…クラッチ
82…モータジェネレータ
82A…回転軸
90…車両
100…制御装置
Claims (2)
- 複数の気筒と、前記気筒毎に設けられているとともに前記気筒内に燃料を直接噴射するインジェクタ、及びクランク軸を備えた内燃機関と、
前記内燃機関から駆動輪へと至る動力伝達経路上に位置し、回転軸を備えた電動機と、
前記内燃機関及び前記電動機の間に介在し、前記クランク軸及び前記回転軸を接続した接続状態、又は前記クランク軸及び前記回転軸を切り離した切断状態に切り替わるクラッチと、を有する車両に適用され、
前記クラッチが前記切断状態であり、且つ前記クランク軸の回転速度がゼロよりも大きな値として定められた規定回転速度以上であり、且つ前記インジェクタによる燃料噴射を停止している状態で、前記内燃機関の始動要求があった場合、
前記複数の気筒のうち、前記始動要求があったときに圧縮行程にある気筒である対象気筒を判別する第1処理と、
前記対象気筒に燃料を噴射するインジェクタを対象インジェクタとしたとき、仮に前記対象気筒で燃料を燃焼させる場合に前記対象インジェクタに燃料噴射を開始させる前記クランク軸の回転位置である要求噴射位置を前記クランク軸の回転速度に基づいて算出する第2処理と、
前記要求噴射位置から規定回転量だけ進角した前記クランク軸の回転位置を開始クランク位置として算出する第3処理と、
前記始動要求があったときの前記クランク軸の回転位置が前記開始クランク位置よりも進角側である場合に限って、前記開始クランク位置で、前記対象インジェクタに対して燃料噴射を指示する指令信号を出力する第4処理とを実行する
車両の制御装置。 - 前記規定回転量は、前記クランク軸の回転速度が高いほど大きい
請求項1に記載の車両の制御装置。
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JP2002144921A (ja) | 2000-11-15 | 2002-05-22 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | ハイブリッド車両の制御装置 |
JP4428308B2 (ja) | 2005-07-13 | 2010-03-10 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | エンジン制御装置 |
JP5360500B2 (ja) | 2010-02-04 | 2013-12-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | エンジン自動停止始動制御装置 |
JP5777542B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 | 2015-09-09 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 内燃機関のアイドルストップ制御装置 |
JP5852932B2 (ja) | 2012-07-06 | 2016-02-03 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | エンジン再始動制御装置 |
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2022
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