JP2023070667A - 腎臓オルガノイド及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
1.腎臓オルガノイドの製造
実施例1
ゲルトレックス(Geltrex)1%でコーティングされた24ウェルプレートに、25,000~30,000細胞/ウェル濃度の人工多能性幹細胞(iPSC)(IMR90-4、WiCellまたはWTC-11、コリエル研究所(CORIELL INSTITUTE))を播種し、このとき、培地としては、Y-27632 10μMを含むmTeSRTM1を使用した。一日後、新しいmTeSRTM1培地に交換したところ、この時点から前記幹細胞(iPSC)がコロニー(colony、細胞群)を形成することが確認された。
実施例1と同様の手順により腎臓オルガノイドを製造したが、透過性ウェルではなく不透過性ウェルとしてAggrewell(商標)を用いて腎臓オルガノイドを製造した。
(1)分化の均一性の確認
分化した腎臓オルガノイドを分化21日目(D21)にDPBS(Dulbecco’s PBS)で5分間洗浄(Washing)した後、2時間全溶液体積に対して4体積%PFAで常温にて処理して腎臓オルガノイドを固定した。2時間後、DPBSで10分間3回ずつ洗浄し、全緩衝溶液体積に対して0.3体積%のトリトンX-100と5体積%ロバ血清(donkey serum)で処理して常温でブロッキングした。2時間処理した後、全緩衝溶液体積に対して0.3体積%のトリトンX-100と0.5体積%のウシ血清アルブミン(BSA、Bovine Serum Albumin)(0.5%BSA(質量/体積))を含有する緩衝溶液で一次抗体を希釈し、4℃で5日間処理した。全緩衝溶液体積に対して0.3体積%のトリトンX-100のPBSTで常温にて10分間3回ずつ洗浄し、全緩衝溶液体積に対して0.3体積%のトリトンX-100と0.5体積%のウシ血清アルブミン(BSA)を含む緩衝液で二次抗体を希釈し、4℃で一晩処理した。翌日、全緩衝溶液体積に対して0.3体積%のトリトンX-100のPBSTで常温にて20分間3回洗浄し、DPBSで1μg/mlの濃度にDAPI(4’,6-ジアミジノ-2-フェニルインドール)を希釈して4℃で一晩処理し、その後、DPBSで10分間3回洗浄した。この手順により、上記実施例1及び比較例1で製造した腎臓オルガノイドに対して免疫蛍光染色実験を行った。
逆転写ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(RT-qPCR:Reverse Transcription quantitative Polymer Chain Reaction)
法により、人工多能性幹細胞(iPSCs)を対照群として使用して、腎臓オルガノイドで発現するマーカーを定量化することにより、分化した腎臓オルガノイドの成熟度を分析した。実験条件において、95℃で1分間処理した後、95℃で15秒、56℃または62.7℃で15秒、72℃で45秒を1サイクルとして40回繰り返した。この手順により、上記実施例1及び比較例1で製造した腎臓オルガノイドの成熟度を確認する実験を行った。
(1)細胞に分化させる第1ステップにおける酸素濃度による違い
実施例1と同様の手順により腎臓オルガノイドを製造するが、第1ステップにおいて低酸素条件ではなく酸素濃度21%で分化させた場合、図6に示すように、分化4日目になっても細胞のモルフォロジーがドーム様の形状に密集していないが(右写真)、5%低酸素条件で分化させた場合、3日でドーム様の形状が見られ、4日目までその形状を維持し、分化4日目では各バッチともドーム様の形状が安定して見られることが確認された(左写真)。
実施例1と同様の手順により腎臓オルガノイドを製造するが、第3ステップにおいて、FGF9をそれぞれ10μg/ml、20μg/mlの濃度で含む培地で処理した場合には、全ての培地で安定したネフロン構造を持たないという問題があった。
オルガノイドに分化させる第3ステップにおけるFBS有無による分化度を免疫蛍光染色法で分析し、その結果を図13に示した。図13に示すように、FBSなしの培地組成で分化した腎臓オルガノイドでは、内部にネフロン構造が観察できなかったが、全培地組成の1.5体積%でFBSを添加した培地組成で分化した腎臓オルガノイドでは、内部にネフロンと類似の構造を有することが確認された。
Advanced RPMI 1640に0、30、60μMでタクロリムスを濃度別に37℃で24時間処理し、24時間後にDPBSで3回洗浄した後、カルセイン-AM(calcein-AM)とエチジウムホモダイマー-1(ethidium homodimer-1)でそれぞれ生細胞と四細胞を染色した。この手順により、前記実施例1で得られた腎臓オルガノイドの薬物毒性を評価した。
Claims (10)
- 幹細胞を後腎間葉(metanephric mesenchyme)細胞に分化させる第1ステップと、
前記後腎間葉細胞を培養して細胞凝集体を形成する第2ステップと、
前記後腎間葉細胞凝集体を腎臓オルガノイドに分化させる第3ステップと、を含む
ことを特徴とする腎臓オルガノイドの製造方法。 - 前記後腎間葉細胞に分化させR第1ステップは、酸素濃度10%未満の低酸素環境下で行われる
請求項1に記載の腎臓オルガノイドの製造方法。 - 前記後腎間葉細胞に分化させる第1ステップは、i)GSK-3β阻害剤及びBMP4阻害剤を含む培地、ii)アクチビンAを含む培地、iii)FGF9を含む培地、及びこれらのうちの少なくとも2つを混合した培地、のうちの少なくとも1つの培地で培養するステップを含み、8~9日間行われる
請求項1に記載の腎臓オルガノイドの製造方法。 - 前記細胞凝集体を形成する第2ステップは、GSK-3β阻害剤及びFGF9を含む培地で2~3日間行われる
請求項1に記載の腎臓オルガノイドの製造方法。 - 前記腎臓オルガノイドに分化させる第3ステップは、FBSを含む培地で7~100日間行われる
請求項1に記載の腎臓オルガノイドの製造方法。 - 前記腎臓オルガノイドに分化させる第3ステップは、25~50ng/mlのFGF9をさらに含んで2~5日間培養するステップを含む
請求項1に記載の腎臓オルガノイド製造方法。 - 前記第2ステップ及び第3ステップはマイクロウェルで行われる
請求項1に記載の腎臓オルガノイドの製造方法。 - 前記マイクロウェルは1つ以上の凹部を含む
請求項7に記載の腎臓オルガノイドの製造方法。 - 前記マイクロウェルは多孔質マイクロウェルである
請求項8に記載の腎臓オルガノイドの製造方法。 - 低酸素条件下で形成された後腎間葉細胞凝集体から分化した腎臓オルガノイドであって、
前記腎臓オルガノイドは、
正常酸素条件下で形成された後腎間葉細胞凝集体から分化した腎臓オルガノイドに比べて、近位尿細管に対応するmRNA、ヘンレループに対応するmRNA、及び遠位尿細管に対応するmRNAのうちの少なくとも一つの発現量が相対的に高いことを特徴とし、
前記低酸素条件は、酸素濃度1%超過~10%未満であり、
前記正常酸素条件は、酸素濃度10%以上である
ことを特徴とする腎臓オルガノイド。
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