JP2023023907A - Exterior wall structure of building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an exterior wall structure of a building capable of restricting occurence of condensation at a heat reflective sheet part arranged outside a thermal insulation material of an exterior wall.SOLUTION: An exterior wall structure of a building comprises: a heat reflective sheet part 22; a frame part clamping an outer peripheral edge of the heat reflective sheet part 22 from inside and outside; and a heat insulation wall part 21 comprising moisture permeable sheet parts 23, 23 arranged in line at an interior wall material part 69 side and an exterior wall material 68 side of the heat reflective sheet part 22 via the frame part, and arranged in contact with respective outer surfaces of a sill 53, left and right poles and a pole plate 67 constituting an external wall 54. The heat insulation wall part 21 has non-ventilation airspaces 26, 26 surrounded by the frame part formed between the heat reflective sheet part 22 and the inside and outside moisture permeable sheet parts 23, 23. The heat insulation wall part 21 can restrict a heat transfer and a movement of moisture at its inside and outside, thus a restriction effect of condensation occurrence is improved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an exterior wall structure in a building such as a house.

As an outer wall structure of a building such as a house, for example, in Patent Document 1, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is arranged on the outside of a building frame in which a heat insulating material is arranged between adjacent columns, and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is provided outside the A configuration has been proposed in which a heat shield sheet is disposed with a gap therebetween and an exterior wall material is disposed outside the heat shield sheet with a gap therebetween. Here, the heat shield sheet blocks heat transmitted through the exterior wall material, and is applied, for example, by vapor-depositing aluminum. In such a conventional configuration, since the gap is formed inside and outside the heat shield sheet, it is possible to suppress the formation of dew condensation on the inside and outside of the heat shield sheet.

JP 2013-92023 A

However, in the above-described conventional configuration, since the air gap outside the heat shield sheet communicates with the outside, the air flowing through the air gap contains moisture, and the air is exposed to the outer surface of the heat shield sheet. come into contact with In such a conventional configuration, as described above, the gap between the outer wall material and the heat shield sheet can suppress the occurrence of dew condensation inside the heat shield sheet, but the air contacting the outer surface of the heat shield sheet is Since the heat shield sheet contains moisture, there is a limit to the effect of suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation on the outer surface side of the heat shield sheet.

On the other hand, there is also known an exterior wall structure in which the heat shield sheet is attached to the outer surface of a structural material such as a heat insulating material. In this configuration, although the heat shield sheet can suppress heat transfer due to radiation, heat conduction occurs between the heat shield sheet and the structural material because it is in contact with the structural material. Therefore, in such a conventional configuration, there is a limit to the effect of suppressing heat transfer by the heat shield sheet.

The present invention proposes an outer wall structure for a building that can improve the effect of suppressing heat transfer between indoors and outdoors, and that can improve the effect of suppressing condensation on the outer surface side of the heat reflecting sheet. be.

The present invention comprises left and right pillars erected at a predetermined interval on a base, a horizontal member extending between the pillars above the base, and an outer wall of the pillar and the horizontal member. and an inner wall member disposed inside the pillar and the horizontal member, the outer wall structure of the building being disposed along the outer wall member and having a heat-reflecting rectangular shape. a rectangular annular frame portion disposed on the inner wall material side and the outer wall material side of the heat reflecting sheet portion and holding the outer peripheral edge of the heat reflecting sheet portion; Rectangular perforations are arranged in parallel on the inner wall material side and the outer wall material side of the sheet part via the frame part, respectively, and form a non-ventilated space surrounded by the frame part between them and the heat reflecting sheet part. and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portion, wherein the outer peripheral edge of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portion on the inner wall material side of the heat insulating wall portion is at least one of the base, the horizontal member, and the left and right pillars. The outer wall structure of a building is characterized by being attached to the outer wall material and arranged inside the outer wall material.

Here, the heat shield wall portion may have the above-described configuration of the present invention in a state where it is constructed as an outer wall of the building (construction completed state). That is, the exterior wall structure of the present invention may be constructed using preformed heat insulation wall portions, or the exterior wall structure may be constructed using a plurality of members for forming the heat insulation wall portions. The construction may be such that the heat shield wall is formed.

In such a configuration, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet portion forms a non-ventilated air space on the inner wall material side surface (hereinafter referred to as the inner surface) and the outer wall material side surface (hereinafter referred to as the outer surface) of the heat reflective sheet portion. Since they are arranged side by side with each other through them, it is possible to prevent moisture contained in the air from coming into contact with the inner surface and the outer surface of the heat reflecting sheet portion. Furthermore, the non-ventilated spaces on both the inner and outer sides of the heat reflecting sheet portion can significantly suppress convection and conduction, which are heat transfer between the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the heat reflecting sheet portion. In addition, since the heat reflection sheet portion can prevent heat transfer due to radiation, heat transfer due to convection, conduction, and radiation can be greatly suppressed between the inner wall material side and the outer wall material side of the heat shield wall portion. , can stably exhibit an extremely high heat shielding effect. In this way, it is possible to prevent moisture from coming into contact with the heat reflecting sheet portion, and to greatly suppress heat transfer between the inside and outside of the heat reflecting sheet portion. Airspace) can significantly improve the effect of suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation. In the outer wall structure of the present invention, the heat shielding wall portion can reliably and stably prevent the transfer of heat and moisture between the inner wall material side and the outer wall material side of the heat shielding wall portion. The effect of suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation inside the outer wall structure is extremely high.

As a building having the outer wall structure of the present invention described above, an underfloor space formed between a floor material exposed to a living area and an underfloor heat insulating material disposed under the floor material, and the underfloor space an inner wall ventilation space formed along the vertical direction between an inner wall material communicating with and exposed to the living area and a wall heat insulating material disposed outside the inner wall material; A configuration is proposed that has a wall-floor structure provided with a slit that connects the inner wall-side ventilation space and the living space.

In this configuration, the inner wall side ventilation space formed between the inner wall material and the wall heat insulating material communicates with the underfloor space formed below the floor material, and the inner wall side ventilation space is formed by slits. Therefore, air can be circulated among the inner wall ventilation airspace, the underfloor airspace, and the living space. As a result, for example, if there is a temperature difference between the inner wall-side ventilation space, the underfloor space, and the living space, air circulates among them according to the temperature difference. Such circulation of air can prevent moisture from accumulating in the inner-wall-side ventilated air space and the underfloor air space, thereby suppressing the growth of mold due to the accumulating moisture.

In this configuration, it is preferable that the opening area of the communicating portion that communicates the inner wall ventilation airspace and the underfloor airspace is larger than the opening area of the slit. According to this configuration, since air can be more easily circulated between the inner wall side ventilation space and the underfloor space, the effect of suppressing the retention of moisture in the inner wall side ventilation space and the underfloor space is improved. .

In the building described above, the exhaust is disposed in the upper end portion of the inner wall side ventilation space or in the air space above the building connected to the inner wall side ventilation space, and draws in the air in the inner wall side ventilation space and discharges it to the outside. An arrangement with means is proposed.
Here, it is preferable that the exhaust means can be switched between an operating state in which air is drawn in and discharged, and an operation stop state in which the air is not drawn in.

In this configuration, the exhaust means draws in and discharges the air that has entered the inner wall side ventilation space through the slit, and draws in and discharges the air in the underfloor space via the inner wall side ventilation space. Furthermore, when the air is discharged from the underfloor space, a negative pressure is generated in the underfloor space, so that the air in the living space can also flow into the underfloor space through the slits due to the pressure difference. For this reason, the flow of air discharged from the living area to the outside by the exhaust means through the inner wall side ventilation space, and the air flow from the living area to the outside through the underfloor space and the inner wall side ventilation space by the exhaust means An air flow is created. According to this configuration, since such an air flow can be forcibly generated by the exhaust means, it is possible to further suppress the retention of moisture in the inner wall side ventilation space and the underfloor space, thereby suppressing the growth of mold. can be significantly improved.

The above-mentioned building includes a water pipe arranged in an underfloor air space and water circulation control means for circulating water in the water pipe, and the underfloor whose temperature is changed by circulating water in the water pipe A configuration is proposed that includes a cooling and heating system that cools and heats the living area by the radiant heat transfer action of the air in the airspace and the air flowing in the ventilation airspace on the inner wall side through the floor material and the inner wall material.

In this configuration, there is provided a cooling and heating system that performs cooling and heating by radiant heat transmitted to the living area through the floor material and the inner wall material. Since it extends to the wall (inner wall material) in addition to the (floor material), the cooling and heating effect tends to stably occur throughout the living area, and the efficiency of the cooling and heating can be enhanced. In particular, the wall-floor structure of the present invention facilitates the flow of air between the underfloor space and the inner-wall-side ventilation space, so that the cooling and heating effect can be exhibited more efficiently. Furthermore, since the cooling and heating system of this configuration circulates water through the water pipes in the underfloor air space, compared to the conventionally known configuration in which water is circulated to the ceiling space, it is possible to supply water to the water pipes. It is possible to reduce the size of the pump required for Therefore, according to the configuration of the present invention, there is an excellent advantage that a highly efficient cooling and heating effect can be stably produced by the radiant heat transfer action, and the cost required for installation and running cost can be reduced.

According to the outer wall structure of the building of the present invention, the heat shield wall improves the effect of suppressing heat transfer due to convection, heat transfer, and radiation, so that the heat shield effect between indoors and outdoors is significantly improved. can improve. Furthermore, since the effect of suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation on the inner and outer surfaces of the heat reflecting sheet portion is improved, the occurrence of dew condensation inside the outer wall structure can be suppressed, and the occurrence of mold caused by the dew condensation can be suppressed. can.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the schematic which shows the cooling/heating system 1 concerning this invention. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an outer wall 54; FIG. FIG. 1 is an explanatory drawing 1 showing the flow of air; FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram 2 showing the flow of air; 4 is a perspective view showing a portion of the outer wall 54; FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the heat insulating wall portion 21 cut away; 3 is an exploded perspective view of a heat shield wall portion 21. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows a part of heat-shielding wall part 91 of a modification.

An embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a building 51 according to this embodiment, exemplified by a typical wooden house. The building 51 is a two-story house, as shown in FIGS. A plurality of columns 65 (see FIG. 5), eaves girders 67 and beams (not shown) spanning the columns 65, and a roof provided over the eaves girders 67 and the beams via a plurality of rafters 56. 55. Further, a face door plate 57 arranged between the rafters 56 is provided along the eaves girder 67 . On the base 53, joists and joists, which are arranged in a grid pattern, are assembled in the horizontal direction (not shown). An underfloor heat insulating material 62 is arranged between the floor and the joists. On the flat side of the building 51, there is an outer wall 54 having the pillar 65, a girder 66 extending across the pillar 65, and the eaves girder 67 provided above the girder 66. , are arranged on the base 53 . On the other hand, on the gable side of the building 51 , an outer wall 54 having the pillar 65 , the girder 66 , and the beam (not shown) provided above the girder 66 is mounted on the base 53 . are placed in The flat-side and gable-side outer walls 54 are provided with outer wall heat insulating materials 63 disposed between adjacent pillars 65, and outer walls disposed outside the pillars 65, girder 66, and eaves girders 67. It has a material 68 and an inner wall material 69 disposed inside. The girder 66 and the eaves girders 67 (or beams) correspond to the horizontal members according to the present invention, and the first floor flooring 61 corresponds to the flooring according to the present invention. The outer wall heat insulating material 63 corresponds to the wall heat insulating material according to the present invention.

A floor beam (not shown) for the second floor is horizontally attached to the trunk 66, and a flat second floor material 71 is placed on the floor beam. A flat first floor ceiling material 72 is arranged below the second floor material 71 , and a flat second floor ceiling material 73 is arranged above the second floor material 71 . The first floor ceiling material 72 and the second floor ceiling material 73 are attached to the inner wall material 69 . Further, a roof heat insulating material 64 is arranged above the second floor ceiling material 73 , and an attic space 74 is formed between the second floor ceiling material 73 and the roof heat insulating material 64 .

In the building 51, the area surrounded by the first floor floor material 61, the first floor ceiling material 72, and the inner wall material 69 is the first floor living area 78, the second floor floor material 71, and the second floor ceiling. The area surrounded by the material 73 and the inner wall material 69 is the second floor living area 79 . That is, the floor material 61 on the first floor, the ceiling material 72 on the first floor, and the inner wall material 69 are exposed in the living area 78 on the first floor, and the floor material 71 on the second floor, the ceiling material 73 on the second floor, and the inner wall material 69 are exposed in the living area 79 on the second floor. . Incidentally, the first floor living area 78 corresponds to the living area according to the present invention.

The main part of the present invention will be described below.
In the building 51 of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an underfloor space 11 is formed between the first floor floor material 61 and the underfloor heat insulating material 62 . The outer wall 54 has an inner wall ventilation space 12 formed between the inner wall material 69 and the outer wall heat insulating material 63 and the pillar 65 . It is separated from the heat insulator 63 and the pillar 65 . The inner wall ventilation space 12 communicates with the underfloor space 11 at its lower end and communicates with the attic space 74 at its upper end. As a result, air can circulate among the underfloor space 11 , the inner wall side ventilation space 12 , and the attic space 74 . The floor of the first floor provided with the underfloor space 11 and the outer wall 54 correspond to the wall-floor structure according to the present invention.

A slit 18 is formed in the inner wall material 69 so as to communicate the inner wall ventilation space 12 and the first floor living space 78 . As a result, the air in the first floor living space 78 can flow into the inner wall side ventilation space 12 through the slit 18 and flow to the attic space 74 (and the underfloor space 11) via the inner wall side ventilation space 12. In this embodiment, the opening area of the communication port that communicates the inner wall ventilation space 12 and the underfloor space 11 is formed larger than the opening area of the slit 18 . As a result, the inner wall-side ventilation space 12 can more easily circulate air with the underfloor space 11 than with the first floor living space 78 via the slits 18 .

Furthermore, a ventilation fan 75 is arranged on the outer wall 54 on the gable side forming the attic space 74 . The ventilating fan 75 has a humidity sensor and has a function of automatically operating when the humidity exceeds a preset value (eg, 60%). By operating the ventilation fan 75, the air in the underfloor space 11 can flow to the attic space 74 via the inner wall side ventilation space 12, and the air in the first floor living space 78 can flow through the slit 18 to the inner wall. It can flow into the side ventilation space 12 and flow to the attic space 74 via the inner wall side ventilation space 12 . Thus, an air flow from the underfloor space 11 and the first-floor living space 78 to the ventilation fan 75 through the inner wall ventilation space 12 can be created. In this embodiment, the ventilation fan 75 is provided so as to be driven and controlled by an operation control device, which will be described later, and can be manually operated via the operation control device.

1 to 4, the outer wall 54 includes a heat shield wall portion 21 disposed between the outer wall material 68, the outer wall heat insulating material 63, and the pillar 65. As shown in FIGS. The heat shield wall portion 21 constitutes the cooling and heating system 1, and is in contact with the outer surfaces of the pillar 65, the eaves girder 67 (or beam), the girder 66, and the base 53. are arranged at predetermined intervals. As a result, an outer wall ventilation space 13 is formed between the outer wall material 68 and the heat insulating wall portion 21 . The outer wall-side ventilation space 13 communicates with the outside of the building 51 at its upper end and lower end, and can circulate outside air.

6 and 7, the heat-insulating wall portion 21 has a substantially rectangular heat-reflecting sheet portion 22 and an inner surface of the heat-reflecting sheet portion 22 ( Approximately rectangular moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portions 23, 23 provided side by side on the surface positioned on the inner wall material 69 side in the completed state of construction) and the outer surface (surface positioned on the side of the outer wall material 68 in the completed state of construction), respectively. Moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portions 23, 23 inside and outside (the inner surface side and the outer surface side) are integrally attached to the heat reflecting sheet portion 22 via rectangular ring-shaped frame portions 24, 24. As shown in FIG. Here, the frame portion 24 includes long horizontal members 31, 31 arranged along the eaves girders 67 (or beams) and the base 53, respectively, and pillars ( It is composed of long vertical members 32, 32 disposed along the through columns 65, 65, respectively, and upper and lower ends of each vertical member 32, 32 and left and right ends of the upper and lower horizontal members 31, 31. are fixed together to form a rectangular ring. The frame portion 24, the heat reflecting sheet portion 22, and the moisture permeation preventing sheet portion 23 are formed in a rectangular shape having the same outer dimensions, and the horizontal members 31, 31 above and below the frame portion 24 are The heat reflective sheet portion 22 and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet portion 23 are attached to the upper and lower side edges, respectively, and the left and right vertical members 32 of the frame portion 24 are connected to the heat reflective sheet portion 22 and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet portion 23. It is attached to each of the left and right side edges of the . In this manner, the heat reflecting sheet portion 22 is sandwiched between the frame portions 24, 24 which are in contact with the inner surface and the outer surface of the heat reflecting sheet portion 22, respectively, and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet portions 23, 23 are attached to the heat reflecting sheet portion 22. The heat shield wall portion 21 is formed by arranging the inner surface side, the outer surface side, and the frame portions 24 , 24 in parallel, respectively. In the heat insulating wall portion 21, non-ventilated spaces 26, 26 surrounded by the frame portion 24 are formed between the heat reflecting sheet portion 22 and the inner and outer moisture permeable waterproof sheet portions 23, 23, respectively. be done. This non-ventilation space 26 is formed in a closed shape, and air cannot enter or leave the outside.

The heat reflecting sheet portion 22 is composed of a heat reflecting sheet in which an aluminum layer is provided on both sides of a sheet-like base material. A reflective sheet can be applied. Such a heat reflecting sheet portion 22 has a property of reflecting (blocking) heat. On the other hand, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portion 23 is composed of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet that is impervious to water and permeable to moisture. For example, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet using polyethylene nonwoven fabric can be applied. As the heat reflective sheet (heat reflective sheet portion 22) and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet (moisture permeable waterproof sheet portion 23) can be applied conventionally known ones, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In such a heat shield wall portion 21, the upper and lower horizontal members 31, 31 of the frame portion 24 are fixed to the eaves girder 67 (or beam) and the base 53, respectively, and the left and right vertical members 32 of the frame portion 24 are fixed. , 32 are secured to the posts (through posts) 65, 65, respectively. As a result, the outer peripheral edge of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portion 23 on the inner side (the inner surface side of the heat reflecting sheet portion 22) of the heat insulating wall portion 21 is formed by the eaves girders 67 (or beams), the base 53, and the pillars. (Through pillars) 65, 65 are arranged in contact with the outer surfaces thereof.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the outer wall 54 includes an outer wall member 68, a heat shielding wall portion 21, an inner wall member 69, a column 65 disposed between the heat shielding wall portion 21 and the inner wall member 69, and a trunk. It is composed of an insert 66, an eaves girder 67 (or a beam), and an outer wall heat insulating material 63. Then, the outer wall side ventilation space 13 formed between the outer wall material 68 and the heat shield wall portion 21, the inner wall side ventilation space 12 formed between the inner wall material 69 and the outer wall heat insulating material 63, and the heat shield wall portion The inner and outer non-ventilated spaces 26 , 26 constituting the outer wall 54 are arranged side by side in the inner and outer directions of the outer wall 54 .

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the building 51 of this embodiment has a heat reflecting sheet portion 37 disposed under the roof 55 with a gap 39 interposed between the roof 55 and the heat reflecting sheet. A lower edge of the portion 37 is sandwiched between the front door plate 57 and a horizontal member 58 closing the gap 39 . Here, the horizontal member 58 is provided along the side door plate 57, and the air gap 39 is a sealed non-ventilated space surrounded by the heat reflecting sheet portion 37, the roof 55, and the horizontal member 58. is formed as Furthermore, in this embodiment, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portion 38 is arranged between the roof heat insulating material 64 and the rafters 56 . The heat reflective sheet portion 37 is made of the same heat reflective sheet as the heat reflective sheet portion 22 of the heat shield wall portion 21, and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet portion 38 is the moisture permeable waterproof sheet of the heat shield wall portion 21. It is composed of the same moisture-permeable waterproof sheet as the part 23 .

Furthermore, in the building 51 of this embodiment, the heat reflection sheet portion 37 is arranged under the roof 55 with the gap 39 therebetween, so that heat transfer through the roof 55 is also prevented. In this way, the building 51, except for the windows, has a structure that prevents heat transfer from the outside. It is also highly effective in reducing costs (electricity charges, etc.).

On the other hand, the building 51 of this embodiment is provided with a cooling and heating system 1 capable of cooling and heating the living areas 78 and 79 . As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling and heating system 1 includes a water pipe 2 disposed in the underfloor space 11 and a circulating water control device (not shown) for controlling the supply of cold water or hot water to the water pipe 2. Prepare. Here, the circulating water control device includes a geothermal water temperature control device 3 that supplies cold water to the water pipe 2, a solar water heater 4 that supplies hot water to the water pipe 2, the geothermal water temperature device 3 and solar power. A pump 5 for sending water from the water heater 4 to the water pipe 2, a switching valve 6 for switching the water supply source by the pump 5 to one of the geothermal water temperature controller 3 and the solar water heater 4, and the pump 5 An operation control device (not shown) that executes drive control and operation control of the switching valve 6 is provided, and the operation control device can be operated by a control panel (not shown) installed in the house. The circulating water control device corresponds to the water circulation control means according to the present invention, and the geothermal water temperature control device 3 corresponds to the water temperature control means according to the present invention. The pump 5, switching valve 6, and operation control device correspond to water supply control means according to the present invention.

The water pipe 2 is composed of a crosslinked polyethylene pipe, and the outer surface of the water pipe 2 is exposed to the air in the underfloor space 11 . One end of the water pipe 2 communicates with the geothermal water temperature control device 3 and the solar water heating device 4 via the pump 5, and the other end communicates with the geothermal water temperature control device 3 and the solar water heating device 4. ing. The switching valve 6 is arranged between the other end of the water pipe 2 and the geothermal water temperature control device 3 and between the other end and the solar water heater 4, and the pump 5 and the The switching valves 6 are arranged between the geothermal water temperature control device 3 and between the other end and the solar water heating device 4, respectively.

The geothermal water temperature control device 3 is formed by forming a heat-conducting steel pipe into a meandering annular shape, and is buried at a depth of about 7.5 m underground. The geothermal water temperature control device 3 adjusts (heats or cools) the temperature of the water flowing in from the water flow pipe 2 through the switching valve 6 to a predetermined temperature by the heat exchange action with the geothermal heat. Then, the water of this predetermined temperature is delivered to the water pipe 2 by the pump 5 . Here, since geothermal heat is generally kept substantially constant throughout the year away from the surface of the earth, it is lower than the outdoor temperature in summer and higher than the outdoor temperature in winter. That is, according to this geothermal water temperature control device 3, the water flowing from the water pipe 2 can be cooled in summer and heated in winter. Incidentally, in this embodiment, the geothermal water temperature control device 3 is buried in the ground under the building 51 .

The solar water heater 4 heats the inflowing water by sunlight and discharges it, and a conventionally known configuration can be applied. Therefore, the detailed description of the solar water heater 4 is omitted.

The pump 5 pumps water from the geothermal water temperature control device 3 and the solar water heater 4 to the water pipe 2 and has a function of controlling the flow rate to the water pipe 2 . The switching valve 6 is composed of, for example, an electromagnetic valve, and is opened and closed by the operation control device. Since the pump 5 and the switching valve 6 can be conventionally known in construction, the description thereof will be omitted.

Furthermore, the cooling/heating system 1 of this embodiment includes an air conditioner 81 and a panel heater 82 that are installed in the second floor living area 79, as shown in FIG. Here, a pipe (not shown) branched from the water pipe 2 arranged in the underfloor space 11 is connected to the panel heater 82, and water is circulated with the water pipe 2 via the pipe. It is possible. This pipe is provided with an on-off valve (not shown) that can be switched between an open state for circulating water from the water pipe 2 and a closed state for stopping the circulation. The circulation of water to heater 82 can be controlled. The air conditioner 81, the panel heater 82, and the on-off valve can be operated and controlled by the above-described operation control device. Note that the air conditioner 81, the panel heater 82, and the on-off valve can be conventionally known in construction, so description thereof will be omitted.

The cooling and heating system 1 of the present embodiment operates the operation control device (not shown) to drive the pump 5, and the geothermal water temperature control device 3 or the solar water heating device 4 and the water pipe 2. circulate water to Thereby, the residential areas 78 and 79 of the building 51 are cooled and heated.

More specifically, in summer, the switching valve 6 connects the geothermal water temperature control device 3 and the water pipe 2, and the pump 5 is driven to switch the geothermal water temperature control device 3 and the water pipe 2. Circulate water. The water flowing through the water pipes 2 cools the air in the underfloor space 11, and the radiant heat generated by this air through the first floor floor material 61 raises the temperature of the first floor living area 78 (the room temperature rises due to the amount of heat incident from the windows, etc.). ) can be suppressed, and the occupant in the first floor living area can feel a cold sensation. Furthermore, by operating the ventilation fan 75 (or automatically operating at a humidity of 60% or more), the air in the first floor living area 78 enters the inner wall side ventilation space 12 through the slit 18 of the inner wall material 69. to rise. Here, since the inner wall ventilation space 12 is provided inside the heat shield wall portion 21 and the outer wall heat insulating material 63, it is possible to block heat transmitted from the outer wall material 68 (outside air heat) as described later. . Therefore, the air in the inner-wall-side ventilation space 12 rises without being warmed by heat from the outside. The air in the inner wall side ventilation space 12 can also suppress the temperature rise in the first floor living area 78 and the second floor living area 79 by radiant heat through the inner wall material 69, and the residents in these living areas 78 and 79 feel cold. is obtained. Furthermore, in summer, the air conditioner 81 and the panel heater 82 (opening the on-off valve) are driven to cool the second floor living area 79, and the temperature difference between the first floor and the second floor caused by this causes the second floor living area to cool. Cold air in area 79 descends to first floor living area 78 . The air in the first floor living area 78 thus cooled also flows into the inner wall ventilation space 12 through the slits 18 . As described above, according to the cooling and heating system 1 of the present embodiment, in summer, the radiant heat transfer action suppresses the rise in room temperature, and the air is circulated from the second floor living area 79 to the inner wall side ventilation space 12. The entire living area 78, 79 of the object 51 can be cooled.

On the other hand, in winter, the solar water heater 4 and the water pipe 2 are communicated by the switching valve 6, and the pump 5 is driven to supply water to the solar water heater 4 and the water pipe 2. Circulate. As a result, the water warmed by the solar water heater 4 flows into the water pipe 2, and the air in the underfloor space 11 is warmed. Then, the heat can be transmitted to the residents in the first floor living area 78 by the radiant heat generated by the air through the first floor floor material 61 . Furthermore, since the heated air in the underfloor space 11 rises in the inner wall side ventilation space 12 communicating with the underfloor space 11, the radiant heat generated by the air in the inner wall side ventilation space 12 via the inner wall material 69 causes the first floor Heat can be transferred to residents in the living area 78 and the second floor living area 79 . Furthermore, by operating the ventilating fan 75, the air in the underfloor space 11 can be stably raised in the inner wall side ventilation space 12, and the radiant heat transfer action is performed more effectively through the inner wall material 69. obtain. In addition, the operation of the ventilating fan 75 allows the air in the first floor living area 78 to flow into the inner wall ventilation space 12 through the slit 18, thereby facilitating the circulation of the air. Furthermore, as described above, the building 51 of this embodiment has a structure that prevents heat transfer from the outside by the structure of the heat shielding wall portion 21 of the outer wall 54 and the structure of the heat reflecting sheet portion 37 provided under the roof 55. As a result, it is highly effective in blocking cold air from the outside in winter. Therefore, in winter, the entire living areas 78 and 79 of the building 51 can be heated by the radiant heat transfer action through the first floor floor material 61 and the inner wall material 69 .

In addition, in the cooling/heating system 1 of the present embodiment, the operation control device has a timer function, and by controlling the driving and stopping of the pump 5 by the timer function, more efficient heating can be performed. It is possible. Specifically, in winter, the operation time (for example, 9:00 am) and operation stop time (for example, 4:00 pm) of the pump 5 that circulates hot water from the solar water heater 4 are set by the timer function. . Further, the solar water heater 4 has a water temperature sensor, and the operation control device controls the start and stop of operation of the pump 5 according to the information (the water temperature of the solar water heater 4) input from the water temperature sensor. It has a water temperature activation function. For example, when the water temperature sensor reaches 41 degrees or less, the pump 5 is controlled to stop operating, and when the water temperature sensor reaches 44 degrees or higher, the pump 5 is controlled to start operating. By combining the timer function and the water temperature operation function in this way, it is possible to efficiently perform the heating operation. can be done 24 hours a day.

In this embodiment, in winter, the on-off valve of the pipe connecting the running water pipe 2 and the panel heater 82 is closed, and the panel heater 82 is not operated.

In the building 51 of this embodiment, as described above, the underfloor space 11, the inner wall ventilation space 12 of the outer wall 54, and the attic space 74 in which the ventilation fan 75 is arranged are communicated. Since the first floor living area 78 is communicated with the inner wall side ventilation space 12 via the above, air can flow in and out of these mutually, and the operation of the ventilation fan 75 causes the air in the inner wall side ventilation space 12 and the air in the underfloor space 11 can be forcibly discharged to the outside. As a result, it is possible to suppress retention of moisture in the inner wall side ventilation space 12 and the underfloor space 11 . In particular, in this embodiment, the ventilating fan 75 has a humidity sensor and automatically operates at a predetermined humidity, so that the accumulation of humidity can be suppressed more effectively. More specifically, when the ventilation fan 75 is operated to discharge the air in the inner wall ventilation space 12, the air in the underfloor air space 11 flows into the inner wall ventilation space 12, and the living space 78 flows through the slit 18. of air is drawn in. When the air flows in from the underfloor space 11, negative pressure is generated in the underfloor space 11, so it is considered that the pressure difference causes the air in the living space 78 to flow into the underfloor space 11 through some of the slits 18. In particular, in this embodiment, as described above, the opening area of the communication port that communicates the inner wall side ventilation space 12 and the underfloor space 11 is larger than the opening area of the slit 18. Part of the inflowing air flows into the underfloor space 11 in accordance with the pressure difference, facilitating the flow of air flowing into the inner wall ventilation space 12 through the underfloor space 11 .

For this reason, the flow of air discharged from the living space 78 to the outside by the ventilation fan 75 in the attic space 74 via the inner wall side ventilation space 12 and the flow of air from the underfloor space 11 (including the air flowing in from the living space 78) to the inner wall A flow of air discharged to the outside by the ventilation fan 75 is generated through the ventilation space 12 . By forcibly generating such a flow in the air space by operating the ventilation fan 75, it is possible to further suppress the retention of moisture in the underfloor air space 11 and the inner wall side ventilation space 12. FIG.

Further, the outer wall 54 of the building 51 can block heat transfer between the inside and outside of the heat shielding wall portion 21 by the heat shielding wall portion 21 . Here, the heat-shielding wall portion 21 can prevent heat transfer due to radiation between the inside and outside of the heat-reflecting sheet portion 22 by the heat-reflecting sheet portion 22 . In addition, the inner and outer surfaces of the heat reflecting sheet portion 22 are separated from the outside air and the indoor air (inside the outer wall 54) by the moisture permeable waterproof sheet portions 23, 23 and the non-ventilated air spaces 26, 26 on both the inside and outside. Since they are configured so as not to contact each other, heat transfer due to convection and conduction between the inner surface and the outer surface of the heat reflecting sheet portion 22 can be blocked. For this reason, heat transfer due to convection, conduction, and radiation can be blocked inside and outside the heat shield wall portion 21, and external heat can be transmitted from the outer wall material 68 to the inner wall side ventilation space 12 (and the living spaces 78 and 79). can be greatly suppressed. In addition, the vapor-permeable waterproof sheet portions 23, 23 arranged side by side through the non-ventilated spaces 26, 26 can prevent the moisture contained in the outside air of the outer wall-side ventilated space 13 from coming into contact with the heat reflecting sheet portion 22. At the same time, it is possible to prevent moisture contained in the air in the inner wall ventilation space 12 from coming into contact with the heat reflecting sheet portion 22 . In this manner, the heat shield wall portion 21 can prevent the heat transfer in the inward and outward directions and the passage of moisture.

As described above, the building 51 of the present embodiment has heat transfer and moisture passage between the inner wall side ventilation space 12 and the outer wall side ventilation space 13 by the heat shield wall portion 21 of the outer wall 54 (and the outer wall heat insulating material 63). can be shut off and, as described above, moisture retention in the inner wall ventilation space 12 can be suppressed, so that dew condensation on the inner wall ventilation space 12, the inner wall material 69, and the outer wall heat insulating material 63 can be suppressed. In other words, in the outer wall 54, the non-ventilated air spaces 26, 26 of the heat shield wall 21 produce the effect of preventing the heat transfer of the heat shield wall 21 and preventing the passage of moisture, and the inner wall side ventilation space 12 prevents moisture. In addition, it is possible to suppress the retention of moisture in the outer wall side ventilated air space 13. In this way, the outer wall 54 has a structure in which four air spaces, that is, the inner wall side ventilation space 12, the non-ventilation spaces 26 and 26 of the heat shield wall portion 21, and the outer wall side ventilation space 13 are provided side by side in the inside and outside directions. The function and effect of suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation can be extremely highly exhibited.

Furthermore, as described above, it is possible to suppress the retention of moisture in the underfloor space 11, so that the occurrence of dew condensation in the underfloor space 11 can also be suppressed. In addition, in this embodiment, as described above, the heat reflecting sheet portion 37 is arranged under the roof 55 with the airtight space 39 interposed therebetween. can be suppressed. Furthermore, air is discharged from the attic space 74 by the operation of the ventilating fan 75, thereby suppressing retention of moisture. For this reason, the formation of dew condensation in the attic space 74 can also be suppressed.

As described above, the building 51 is a highly airtight building that is extremely effective in suppressing the transmission of heat and moisture (moisture) from the outer wall 54 and the roof 55 to the inside of the building. The function and effect of suppression are extremely high, and the occurrence of mold due to the dew condensation can be suppressed. Furthermore, due to such high airtightness, the cooling and heating effect of the cooling and heating system 1 can be stably and highly efficiently exhibited.

In addition, in the configuration of this embodiment, the water pipe 2 is arranged in the underfloor space 11, the outer surface of the water pipe 2 is exposed to the air in the underfloor space 11, and the transmission from the water pipe 2 A heat effect occurs through the air in the underfloor airspace 11 . As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of dew condensation on the first floor floor material 61 and the underfloor heat insulating material 62, thereby suppressing the occurrence of mold due to the dew condensation.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the embodiment, the solar water heater 4 is provided, but the solar water heater 4 may not be provided. In this configuration, hot water is circulated from the geothermal water temperature control device 3 to the water pipe 2 in winter as well as in summer.

In the embodiment, the geothermal water temperature control device 3 is buried in the ground under the building 51. good.

Further, the heat shielding wall portion constituting the outer wall may be configured such that another functional sheet portion is interposed between the heat reflecting sheet portion and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet portion. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a fire-resistant gypsum board (corresponding to the functional sheet portion) 92 having a predetermined thickness is arranged on the frame portion 24 arranged on the exterior wall material side of the heat reflecting sheet portion 22. It can also be set as the structure provided. Since the gypsum board 92 has fire resistance, the heat shielding wall part 91 having such a configuration is preferably used in a building using a galvanium steel plate for the outer wall material. As the functional sheet, a sheet having soundproof properties, a sheet having radio wave shielding properties, and the like can also be applied.

1 cooling and heating system 2 water pipe 3 geothermal water temperature control device (water temperature control means)
4 solar water heater 5 pump 6 switching valve 11 underfloor space 12 inner wall side ventilation space 13 outer wall side ventilation space 18 slit 21 heat shield wall portion 22, 37 heat reflecting sheet portion 23, 38 moisture permeable waterproof sheet portion 24 frame portion 26 non Ventilation space 31 Horizontal member 32 Vertical member 39 Gap 51 Building 52 Foundation 53 Foundation 54 Exterior wall 55 Roof 56 Rafter 57 Door plate 58 Horizontal member 61 First floor floor material (floor material)
62 Underfloor insulation 63 External wall insulation (wall insulation)
64 Roof insulation material 65 Column 66 Girder 67 Eaves girder 68 Exterior wall material 69 Interior wall material 71 Second floor material 72 First floor ceiling material 73 Second floor ceiling material 74 Attic space 75 Ventilation fan 78 First floor living area (residential area)
79 Second floor living area 81 Air conditioner 82 Panel heater 91 Thermal barrier wall 92 Gypsum board

Claims (1)

Left and right pillars erected at predetermined intervals on the base,
a horizontal member spanned between the pillars above the base;
Exterior wall materials arranged outside the pillars and horizontal members;
An outer wall structure of a building comprising the pillar and an inner wall member disposed inside the horizontal member,
a rectangular heat-reflecting sheet portion disposed along the outer wall material and having heat-reflecting properties;
a rectangular ring-shaped frame portion disposed on each of the inner wall material side and the outer wall material side of the heat reflecting sheet portion and sandwiching the outer peripheral edge of the heat reflecting sheet portion;
Rectangles are arranged in parallel on the inner wall material side and the outer wall material side of the heat reflecting sheet part via the frame part, respectively, and form a non-ventilated space surrounded by the frame part between the heat reflecting sheet part and the heat reflecting sheet part. Equipped with a heat shielding wall portion having a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portion with a shape,
The heat shield wall part
The outer peripheral edge of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet portion on the inner wall material side is attached to at least one of the base, the horizontal member, and the left and right pillars, and arranged inside the outer wall material. The outer wall structure of the building to be.

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