JPS61272538A - Building utilizing solar heat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to perform efficient heat collection and effective ventilation suitable for seasons, by heating air, which is preheated in a conservatory, by a heat collector during winter, introducing external air into the conservatory in summer, thereby conducting ventilation. CONSTITUTION:In winter, air in a conservatory 5 is preheated by solar heat through a transmitting plate 51 to a certain extent. The air is inputted into a heat collector 2 through a louver 6. Warm air, which is heated to a full extent, is circulated and accumulated in a heat accumulator 1. The heat is radiated in the room at night and used for floor heating. Meanwhile, during summer when heating is not required, ventilating louvers 9 and 10 are opened, and external air is introduced in the conservatory 5 and circulated in a space 8 under the roof. Thus the inside of the building is ventilated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a solar thermal building that utilizes solar heat to store heat in a heat storage tank and efficiently heats the building using nuclear heat.

(Prior art and its problems) In recent years, various solar systems that use solar heat for heating have been proposed from the perspective of energy conservation.One of them is a system that installs a heat storage tank under the floor and places it on the roof during the day. There is a system in which hot air heated by a heat collector is circulated to the heat storage tank to store heat, and this is used for heating at night.

However, in the solar system described above, warm air from the heat collector is circulated through ducts to the heat storage tank, and seasonal changes are not taken into consideration, so the need for heating is usually reduced. There was a problem that in the summer when there is no heat, the air heated by the heat collecting J gets stuck in the attic, etc., and conversely increases the heat.

Furthermore, since there is a limit to the heat collection performance of the heat collector alone, there is also the problem that sufficient heat storage is not always carried out in the winter when heating is required.

(Object of the Invention) In view of these conventional problems, the present invention provides a solar thermal building that is capable of efficient heat collection and that allows for effective ventilation during summer and other times when heat storage is not required. The purpose is to

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat storage tank under the floor, a lower part of the greenhouse having a transparent plate that transmits solar heat on the outer wall surface, and a hot air outlet of the heat storage tank. communicates with the plenum,
The upper part of the greenhouse is communicated with the air introduction side of a heat collector disposed on the roof surface, and warm air heated by solar heat in the heat collector is circulated through a duct to the warm air inlet plenum of the heat storage tank. In addition, ventilation louvers that can be opened and closed are provided in at least two places in the attic space through which air from the heat collector can circulate, and the ventilation louvers are closed during the winter to prevent preheating in the greenhouse. Heating air with the heat collector and storing heat in the heat storage tank, and using this for night heating;
The solar heating building is characterized by opening the ventilation louver and introducing outside air from below the transparent plate of the greenhouse to enable ventilation during the summer.

(Example) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 5 show an example of a solar heating building incorporating a solar system according to the present invention,
A heat storage tank 1 is provided under the floor of a living room, a dining room, etc. of the building.

As shown in FIG. 5, the heat storage tank 1 has a bottom wall 11, side walls 12, etc. formed of a heat insulating and waterproof layer made of a polyethylene sheet, extruded polyethylene foam, or the like.

On the upper surface of the heat storage tank 1, a large number of protrusions are formed in parallel.
A heat dissipation plate 13 such as a so-called keystone plate is provided, and a concrete layer 15 is placed on top of it via air $14. A leveling mortar layer 16 is provided to form a floor, and a floor finishing material 17 such as a carpet is placed on the surface.

Several stages (in this embodiment, two stages) of concrete blocks 18 are stacked on both sides of the heat storage tank 1 with an appropriate gap from the side wall 12, and each through hole 18a of the block 18 is stacked horizontally. By communicating the gap in the direction with the inside surrounded by the block 18, the side wall 12, the upper heat sink 13, the lower bottom wall 11 and the block 18 connect the hot air inlet plenum 19 and the hot air. It forms an outlet blemish 20.

Further, a space surrounded by the hot air inlet plenum 19 and outlet plenum 20 is filled with crushed stones 21 as a heat storage material to form a heat storage layer 22.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a heat collector built into the roof surface, which uses solar heat to heat the circulating air. It is designed to be circulated to tank l.

In this embodiment, the heat collector 2 includes a transparent plate 21 made of double glass facing the roof surface, and a transparent plate 21 and an air layer 22.
A heat collecting plate 23 made of a corrugated iron plate arranged in parallel through the
A hot air passage 25 is formed between the heat collecting plate 23 and a heat insulating layer 24 made of rock wool or the like which is disposed parallel to the heat collecting plate 23 at a predetermined interval below.

The duct 3 communicates with a hot air inlet plenum 19 of the heat storage tank l, and the warm air that has been circulated in the heat storage tank l from the inlet plenum 19 by the fan 4 passes through an outlet plenum 20.
The air is blown up into the room from the outside floor of the greenhouse 5.

The greenhouse 5 is provided with a transparent plate 51 that transmits solar heat through glass or the like on the entire outer wall surface, and the outer surface of the transparent plate 51 is covered with a blind 52 housed in the eaves of the roof as shown in FIG. It is now possible to do so.

Note that the blind 52 may be arranged on the inner surface side of the transparent plate 51, or the blind 52 may be disposed on the inner surface side of the transparent plate 51.
As shown in FIG. 3, it can be opened and closed.

Thus, the warm air flowing into the greenhouse 5 is circulated back into the heat collector 2 from the louver 6 provided on the ceiling surface.

On the other hand, the air heated by the heat collector 2 can flow into the attic space 8 covered with a heat insulating material by opening the openable and closable heat insulating door 7. 9. There is a ventilation louver that can be opened and closed to allow the space to be sealed or ventilated. to is provided.

In this embodiment with the above configuration, during the daytime in winter, the first
As shown in the figure, the ventilation louvers 9 and 10 are closed, and the heat insulating door 7 is also kept closed.Meanwhile, the lowermost part 51a of the transparent plate 51 of the greenhouse 5 is also closed, and the blind 52 is also rolled up and stored under the eaves.

Thus, the air inside the greenhouse 5 is preheated to some extent by solar heat through the transmission plate 51 and rises, enters the heat collector 2 through the louver 6, and is further heated in earnest by the heat collector 2. By driving the fan 4, hot air is circulated through the duct 3 into the heat storage tank l, where it exchanges heat with the heat storage material 21 and stores heat in the heat storage layer 22.

The air that has passed through the heat storage tank 1 is introduced into the greenhouse 5 again from the hot air outlet plenum 20.

At night, the heat stored in the heat storage tank 1 during the day is transferred to the heat dissipation plate 1 at the top of the heat storage tank 1 by stopping the drive of the fan 4 and covering the outer surface of the transmission plate 51 with a blind shutter 52. ．． Air layer 14. concrete layer 1
5. Heat can be radiated into the room directly above through the leveling mortar layer 16 and the floor finishing material 17, and can be used for floor heating.

On the other hand, in the summer when there is no need for heating, there is no need to use the heat storage tank 1, and as shown in Figure 3, the ventilation louver 9 in the attic,
10 is opened, the insulation door 7 is closed, and the lowermost part 51a of the transparent plate of the greenhouse 5 is also opened, thereby introducing outside air into the greenhouse 5 and insulating the air via the heat collector 2. The air flows from the door 7 into the attic space 8, and the ventilation louver 9
, 10 to ventilate the inside of the attic space 8 and exhaust it to the outside together with the circulating air to prevent heat from accumulating in the attic space 8 and to ventilate the inside of the building.

Note that a part of the external air that has flowed into the greenhouse 5 is released to the outside while ventilating other rooms through the ventilation window 54 provided in the internal wall 53 of the greenhouse 5, as shown by the arrow in FIG. It may be configured to do so.

Furthermore, by providing a heat storage floor (not shown) made of a concrete layer or the like on the floor of the second floor, it is possible to further improve the heat storage performance of the building as a whole, especially in winter.

In addition, the heat stored in the heat storage tank 1 can be used not only in the above-mentioned floor heating type, but also in heating by circulating the air inside the living room into the heat storage tank 1 during heating. It goes without saying that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention is configured as described above, and in winter, air that has been heated to a certain degree in the greenhouse is introduced into the radiator and heated in earnest, thereby improving heat collection efficiency. By storing the collected thermal energy in the heat storage tank, it is possible to effectively heat the living room at night.

On the other hand, in the summer when heating is not required, it is useful because it can maintain good ventilation of the heat that tends to be trapped indoors and attics, allowing it to be effectively discharged outside and preventing heat. be.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a system configuration diagram showing the heat storage mode during the daytime in winter, and Figure 2 is a system configuration diagram showing the heating status during the nighttime in winter. , FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram showing the ventilation state in summer, FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of the main parts of the attic, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts showing the structure of the heat storage tank. 1... Heat storage tank 2... Heat collector 3... Duct 4... Fan 5... Greenhouse 5
1...Transparent plate 52...Blind 6...Gallery 7...Insulating door 8...Attic space 9.
10...Ventilation louver

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A greenhouse in which a heat storage tank is provided under the floor, the lower part of the greenhouse has a transparent plate that transmits solar heat on the outer wall surface and the hot air outlet plenum of the heat storage tank is communicated, and the upper part of the greenhouse is arranged on the roof surface. It is configured to communicate with the air inlet side of the heat exchanger so that hot air heated by solar heat in the heat collector can be circulated through a duct to the warm air inlet plenum of the heat storage tank, and from the heat collector to the warm air inlet plenum of the heat storage tank. Ventilation louvers that can be opened and closed are provided in at least two places in the attic space through which air can circulate, and the ventilation louvers are closed during the winter, and the air that has been preheated in the greenhouse is heated by the heat collector to store the heat. A solar heat utilization building characterized in that heat is stored in a tank and used for heating at night, and in summer the ventilation louver is opened and outside air is introduced from below the transparent plate of the greenhouse to enable ventilation. (2) Stop supplying hot air to the heat storage tank during heating;
2. The solar heat building according to claim 1, wherein heat is radiated indoors from the floor surface above the heat storage tank to perform floor heating. (3) The solar heating building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a blind is provided on the outside or inside of the transparent plate. (4) The solar heating building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein air from the heat collector can flow through the attic space through an insulating door that can be opened and closed.