JPS58168845A - Ventilator utilizing solar heat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a favorable ventilating action to be displayed for a long period of time, day and night, by a method wherein a heat-collecting part and a heat-accumulating part are placed at a ventilating duct provided for a building, and the energy of solar heat is efficiently absorbed into the duct. CONSTITUTION:The ventilating duct 1 provided with an outside-air intake port 2, a pair of intake and exhaust ports 4, 5 opened to the interior side and an air- discharging port 3 opened to the exterior side is provided for the building, the heat-collecting part 6 is placed on the exterior side where rays of solar heat are received, and the heat-accumulating part 7 is jointedly provided between the heat-collecting part 6 and the duct 1. Accordingly, the energy of solar heat is efficiently absorbed into the duct 1, an upward airflow for accelerating ventilation is generated within the duct 1, and a favorable vantilating action is displayed for a long period of time, day and night. For example, in wintry seasons, dampers 8, 9 are closed, and only a damper 10 is opened. In summery seasons, the dampers 8, 9 are opened and the damper 10 is closed at night, and the damper 8 is closed and the dampers 9, 10 are opened in the daytime.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a ventilation system that utilizes solar heat.

Various ventilation devices have been proposed in the past that install ventilation ducts on building walls or window frames to exchange air between indoors and outdoors, but all of these systems rely on natural ventilation through gentle convection caused by temperature and pressure differences between indoors and outdoors. Or, it was caused by forced ventilation using ventilation fans. In this case, the former naturally results in poor ventilation efficiency, and the latter requires a necessary power source, which is undesirable from the standpoint of energy conservation.

This invention relates to a ventilation system that solves the above two problems by utilizing solar heat, and successfully improves ventilation efficiency without requiring multiple power sources. .

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
J to FIG. 1C show the main parts of this invention, and are designated by reference numeral 1.
is a ventilation duct. The duct has an outside air intake port 2 that opens toward the outside of the room at its lower end.

In addition, the upper end is made up of a cylindrical body with air vents 3 each opening toward the outdoor side, and an intake port 4 opening toward the indoor side toward the bottom part of the body, and an air intake port 4 opening toward the indoor side on the upper band. An exhaust port 5 that opens to is provided. Further, a heat storage section 7 is provided on the outdoor side surface of the ventilation duct 1 so as to be connected thereto, and a heat collecting section 6 is further provided on the outdoor side surface of the heat storage section 7. The heat storage section 7 and the heat collection section 6 are connected to the ventilation duct 1.
It can be installed over the entire length or in a part of it.
For example, one stone of gravel can be used as a constituent material of the heat storage section 7.

Solids such as bricks and sulfuric acid that utilizes latent heat) IJum.

Liquids such as inorganic hydrated salts and eutectic salts, or gases with large heat capacities such as the required air space are preferred.

Further, the constituent material of the heat collecting section 6 is aluminum.

A metal plate with excellent thermal conductivity such as copper or galvanized steel plate, or a black coating applied to the surface.

It is preferable to use a heat collecting plate whose surface is coated with a metal oxide or metal sulfide, or furthermore, a transparent plate such as a glass plate or a transparent plate made of 1:recarbonate is disposed above the heat collecting plate.

Inside the ventilation duct 1, there is a first damper 8 that opens and closes the outside air intake 2, a second damper 9 that opens and closes the air discharge port 3, and a communication state between the pair of intake and exhaust ports 4.5. A third damper 10 is attached to open or close the opening or closing. To explain the opening and closing operations of these dampers, Fig. 1a shows the opening and closing states of each damper mainly in winter, and the first and second dampers 8 and 9 are closed and disconnected from the outside air. , and only the third damper 10 is in the open state.

In this case, the indoor air enters the duct from the intake port 4 as shown by the arrow, and is also circulated back into the room through the exhaust port 5. When passing through the duct 1, the indoor air is collected. The heat section 6 also exchanges heat with the thermal energy stored in the heat storage section 7 and is introduced into the room as warm air, which attempts to warm the room by circulating the room air inside the duct.

Figure 1 shows the open and closed states of each dunnage during the summer, especially at night, with the first and second dunnons <-8 and 9 in the open state, and the third dunnage -10 in the closed state. It is in. Therefore, the cold air from outside is introduced into the room through the outside air intake port 2 and the intake port 4, and the hot air from the room is released from the exhaust port 5 through the air release port 3 to the outside.

FIG. 1C shows the open and closed states of the tambours during the daytime, especially in the summer, with the first damper 8 being closed and the second and third dampers 9 and 10 being open.

Therefore, the hot air inside the room is discharged from the intake and exhaust ports 4 and 5 to the outside through the air release port 3.

This invention is based on the operating states of each of the above dampers.

It is particularly useful as a means for ventilating indoor air as shown in Figures 1 and 1C. That is, in this invention, thermal energy is captured and stored, and this is introduced into the ventilation duct 1 day and night to generate an upward airflow within the duct, and this upward airflow is assisted by the upward movement of the air inside and outside the room at night. It promotes air exchange! : Hot air inside the room is quickly released outside during the bright daytime.

Figures 2a and 2s show the above-mentioned ventilation duct 1 connected to the building wall 1.
This shows an embodiment in which loopers 12 and 12 are provided in the intake and exhaust ports 4 and 5, respectively, and the duct 1 is embedded in the duct 1.
A cover 13 is integrally attached to the upper end of the.

A heat collecting cover 6 made of aluminum or galvanized steel is nailed to the wall around the outer periphery of the duct 1 as shown in FIG. The heat collecting cover 6 has a large number of fins 14 and 14 protruding from the inside thereof.The heat energy collected by the heat collecting cover 6 can be efficiently stored in the heat storage section 7. can. By embedding the ventilation duct 1 in the building wall 11 in this manner, there is an advantage that the ventilation duct 1 forms part of the wall surface and does not affect the usable area of the building.

Figures 3a and 3s show an embodiment in which the ventilation duct 1 is also buried in the building wall 11. In this embodiment, a heat collecting plate with a large number of fins 14 and 14 protruding from the inside is shown. 6 is arranged at the upper part of the ventilation duct 1. This structure heats the air in the duct 1, especially the air near the upper part 6 where heat is collected, so a temperature difference occurs between the top and bottom inside the duct.

This allows upward airflow to occur smoothly, further promoting ventilation.

FIG. 4a shows a configuration in which a ventilation duct 1 is arranged adjacent to a window frame 15 on the outside of the window, and an eaves 16 is provided above the ventilation duct 1, and between the eaves 16 and the ventilation duct 1. A gap 3 serving as an air outlet is provided in the duct, and this eave 16 prevents wind and rain from entering the duct.

Note that arrows a and b in the figure each indicate the direction of air flow.

Figure 4 shows a vertical window type window frame in which the window frame 17 on the first floor and the window frame 18 on the second floor are connected in a striped manner, and a common ventilation duct 1 is arranged in the vertical direction. In this case, by providing the heat collecting part 6 and the heat storage part 7 only in the ventilation duct 1 of the part P adjacent to the window frame l8VC on the second floor, a temperature difference is generated between the upper and lower parts of the interior of the duct that are in contact with this, and this causes the convection phenomenon. (Entra effect) is created. Note that arrows a and b in the figure each indicate the direction of air flow.

4C to 4F show embodiments in which ventilation ducts are provided integrally or separately with various window frames, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4C, the window frame 19 A ventilation duct 1 is provided on the outdoor side wall adjacent to the duct 1, a heat storage section 7 is arranged around the outer periphery of the duct 1, and the side surface of the heat storage section 7 is covered with a heat insulating material 20 such as urethane or styrofoam. An aluminum heat collection cover 6 is screwed to the front of the heat storage section 7 across the window frame 19 and the wall 22 via a suitable heat transfer layer 21 such as air, and the wall 22 communicates with the indoor upper ventilation duct 1. A pair of ventilation ports 23 for intake and exhaust are provided in the upper and lower directions. This embodiment has the advantage that it is possible to use an existing window frame and install it on the outside of the window at any time.

In the embodiment shown in FIG.
At the same time, a heat storage section 7 is arranged on the outdoor side thereof, a heat insulating material 20 is coated around it, and an aluminum cover for heat collection is placed on the front surface of the heat storage section 7 via a heat conductive layer 25 as appropriate. 6 is formed integrally with the vertical stile 24, and a pair of intake/exhaust ventilation ports 23 communicating with the ventilation duct 1 are provided on the indoor side of the vertical stile 24.

According to this embodiment, the ventilation duct and the heat collecting cover are integrally molded with the vertical stile when forming the window frame, which is advantageous for mass production.

Fig. 4e shows a so-called external type window frame 26 with a separate ventilation duct 1 provided on its side.

A heat storage section 7 is disposed in contact with the duct 1, its front and side surfaces are covered with a heat insulating material 27, these are surrounded by an aluminum cover 6 for heat collection, and the heat storage section 7 is secured to the window frame 26 and wall 28 with screws. , a ventilation opening 29 is provided in the wall 28. According to this embodiment, the existing external fitting can be provided with a ventilation means in the side space by using the window frame, so it will not expand. The purpose of this arrangement is to prevent as much as possible the heat of the heat collecting section 6, the outside air, or the hot indoor air from passing through the duct 1 and the thermal energy accumulated in the heat storage section 7 from dissipating to the outside, and to prevent the heat energy stored in the heat storage section 7 from dissipating to the outside. This is to maintain ventilation.

Figure 4f shows a type of external window frame stile 30 with a ventilation duct integrally connected thereto. This embodiment is equipped with a heat collecting cover 6, and is advantageous in terms of mass production, which is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. Same as example.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the ventilation duct 1 is provided passing through the eaves 31, and an auxiliary eaves 32 is provided at the upper end of the eaves, and the space between the auxiliary eaves 32 and the ventilation duct 1 is indicated by an arrow. By providing the ventilation duct 1 through the eaves 31 which receives a large amount of solar heat rays, the heat energy collected by the eaves 31 can be removed. That much more effective ventilation duct 1
transmitted to.

It can increase the chivalry effect. Furthermore, by providing a heat storage part in this eaves 31 and the hatched part 33 of the ventilation duct 1 near this eaves, the structure can be further improved by penetrating the roof 34 of the building and providing an auxiliary eaves 35 at its upper end. An air release port 3 is provided between the auxiliary eaves 35 and the ventilation duct 1 as shown by the arrow, and according to this embodiment, heat is collected on the roof 34. The thermal energy generated will also be transferred to the ventilation duct 1. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 6, by providing a heat collection section, a heat storage section, and appropriate fins 37 in the hatched portion 36 of the ventilation duct 1 extending above the roof 34, an extremely good entra effect (ventilation effect) can be achieved. What is caused is clear from the foregoing description.

Various so-called solar technologies have been developed to utilize solar thermal energy for indoor heating of buildings.

There is no example yet of applying this to a ventilation system.

This invention attempts to improve the ventilation efficiency by introducing this solar thermal energy into the ventilation duct by changing the conventional idea.To this end, according to this invention, the ventilation duct is equipped with a heat collecting section. This system efficiently absorbs solar heat energy into the ventilation duct, thereby creating an upward air current within the duct that promotes ventilation, which can last for a long time, day and night. This resulted in a good ventilation effect over time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the invention, of which the first
Figures a to 1C are schematic diagrams showing the operating principle (main parts) of the present invention, Figure 2a is a longitudinal sectional view showing the same embodiment, Figure 2 is a similar sectional view, and Figure 3a is a Longitudinal cross-sectional view of the example at the same location,
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the same, Figure 4 a is a perspective view of an embodiment of the same location, Figure 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the same location, and Figure 4 C is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the same location. Figure 4 d is a cross-sectional view of an example of the same area, Figure 4 e is a cross-sectional view of an example of the same area, Figure 4 f is a cross-sectional view of an example of the same area, Figure 5 Figure - A perspective view of an embodiment of the same location; Figure 6a is a perspective view of an embodiment of the same location;
Figure 6 is a side view of the same main part. 1...Ventilation duct, 2...Outside air intake, 3...Air outlet. 4... Intake 0. 5...Exhaust port, 6...Heat collecting part,
7... Heat storage section, 8 @ fist seventh damper, 9... first damper. 10...Third damper, 11...Building wall, 15
...Window frame, 16...Eaves, 17...7th floor window frame, 1B...2nd floor window frame, 19...Window frame, 24...
Stiles, 26...window frames, 28...walls, 30...
Window frame. 31...Eaves, 32...Auxiliary eaves, 34...
Roof, 35...auxiliary eaves. *idl<,I)-'X%<,5), [44(
C)-Xa1

Claims (1)

[Claims] / A ventilation duct having an outside air intake, a pair of intake/exhaust ports opening to the indoor side, and an air exhaust opening opening to the outdoor side is provided in the building, and the ventilation duct is collected on the outdoor side which receives solar heat. A solar heat ventilation system comprising a heating section and a heat storage section connected between the heat collecting section and a ventilation duct. A first opening/closing port for opening and closing the outside air intake port inside the ventilation duct.
a second damper that opens and closes the air outlet, and a third damper that opens and closes communication between the pair of intake and exhaust ports. A solar heat-utilizing air-air device according to claim 1, comprising: 3. The solar heat ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ventilation duct is embedded inside a building wall. The solar heat ventilation system according to claim 7 or 2, wherein the ventilation duct is installed on an outside surface of a building wall. j. The solar heat ventilation system according to claim 7 or 2, wherein the ventilation duct is integrally provided with a window frame. 2. The solar heat ventilation system according to claim 7 or 2, wherein the ventilation duct is commonly disposed in a continuous window type window frame connected in the vertical direction. 2. The solar heat ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein a heat collecting section and a heat storage section are provided in the ventilation duct in the part of the continuous window type window frame that is in instant contact with the upper window frame. i1 The ventilation using solar heat according to claim 1, 2, j, g, or 2, wherein the ventilation duct utilizes a stile cavity of a window frame and is a ventilation duct. Device. 7. The solar heat ventilation system according to claim 7, wherein said ventilation duct is separately installed on a side surface of a vertical frame of an external type window frame. /θ, the solar heat ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein an eave is provided above the ventilation duct. //. The solar heat ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the ventilation duct is provided to pass through the eaves, and an auxiliary eaves are provided above the ventilation duct. The solar heat ventilation system according to claim 70 or claim 1, wherein the eaves are provided with a heat collecting part and a steam heat part. /3. The solar heat ventilation system according to any one of claims 7 to 2, wherein the ventilation duct is provided to penetrate the roof, and an auxiliary eaves are provided above the ventilation duct. 74. The solar heat ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, or 1/1 or 73, wherein the auxiliary eaves are provided with a heat collecting part and a heat storage part.