JP2022533598A - 電気化学的発電機を破砕する方法 - Google Patents
電気化学的発電機を破砕する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022533598A JP2022533598A JP2021568071A JP2021568071A JP2022533598A JP 2022533598 A JP2022533598 A JP 2022533598A JP 2021568071 A JP2021568071 A JP 2021568071A JP 2021568071 A JP2021568071 A JP 2021568071A JP 2022533598 A JP2022533598 A JP 2022533598A
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- ionic liquid
- electrochemical
- lithium
- generator
- electrochemical generator
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- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 39
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- -1 Li 3 NiMnCoO 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGLIVJFAKNJZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-propylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCCC1 OGLIVJFAKNJZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CJVYYDCBKKKIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n,2-n,2-n-tetramethylbenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1N(C)C CJVYYDCBKKKIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXBUYALKJGBACG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-methylphenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 QXBUYALKJGBACG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical group CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012757 flame retardant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LNQCJIZJBYZCME-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 LNQCJIZJBYZCME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cyclopentane Natural products CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-fluorosulfonylsulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)NS(F)(=O)=O KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- OBCUTHMOOONNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentafluoride Chemical compound FP(F)(F)(F)F OBCUTHMOOONNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFUQCRZBKUBHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl fluoride Chemical compound FP(F)(F)=O FFUQCRZBKUBHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GROMGGTZECPEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metatitanate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Ti](=O)O[Ti](=O)O[Ti]([O-])=O GROMGGTZECPEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoethylene Chemical group N#CC(C#N)=C(C#N)C#N NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000701 toxic element Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAKQVSNHTBLJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethanesulfonimidic acid Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F KAKQVSNHTBLJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- ZMQDTYVODWKHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(=O)(OCC(F)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F ZMQDTYVODWKHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/52—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 解体段階及び安全化段階を含む、前処理工程と、
- 熱処理及び/又は湿式冶金処理を行ってこれらの電池セル及び蓄電池に含有される様々な材料及び変換可能な金属を回収する工程と
を含む。
- 発電機が安全化され(放電され)1つの工程で開封され、これは相当量の時間及び投資を節約する、
- 湿式粉砕工程が実施されず、このことは水素、酸素、及び熱を扱うこと、ひいては爆発性雰囲気を扱うことに付随する問題(安全性、流入液の処理、さらなる経済コスト)を回避し、多量の水を使用し水性廃液を処理する必要性を回避する;
- 熱処理プロセスが実施されず、このことはガス排出(例えば温室効果ガス又は人間及び環境に対して有害で危険である任意の他のガスの排出)に付随する、特にそれらの処理に関する問題を回避し、この方法の財政コスト及びエネルギーコストを削減する;
- 水の使用に関連する制約がかなり軽減され、なぜならイオン性液体が、200℃を超えることが可能である温度(例えば200℃~400℃の間)において不揮発性、不燃性、及び化学的に安定であるためである;
- 電池を開封する際に、特に不活性ガスを使用して、ガス雰囲気を制御する必要性がなく、このことはこの方法を簡便化し、より費用効率が高いものにする、
- リチウムを直接入手することができ、放電工程が数時間又は数日さえも要する先行技術とは対照的に、このことは発電機がきわめて迅速に放電されることを確実にする、
- 1つのレドックス種が使用される:レドックス対を使用する必要がなく、このことは利用可能な種の選択及び性質広げ、なぜならその種は単にリチウムよりも高い電気化学的電位を有する必要があり、一方でリチウムは最も低い電気化学的電位を有する種であるためである。したがってリチウムは-3.05V vs SHEを超える電位まで還元されることが可能である任意の種によって抽出できる。
- 損傷した発電機、放電されていない又は不十分に放電された発電機、及び/又は放電することができない発電機(それらの端子が劣化及び/又は腐食しているため)は、それらを開封する際に安全性の問題を生じさせることなく処理される。
- 電池を開封する際に、特に不活性ガスを使用して、ガス雰囲気を制御する必要がなく、このことはこの方法を簡便化し費用効率が高いものにする、
- 実施するのが迅速で容易である。
[Cat]+.[X]-.z[Y]
の2種の塩の共晶混合物を形成することにより得られる、周囲温度で液体の混合物であり、式中、
[Cat]+は溶媒イオン性液体のカチオン(例えばアンモニウム)であり、
[X]-はハロゲン化物アニオン(例えばCl-)であり、
[Y]は溶媒イオン性液体のX-アニオンと錯形成することができるルイス酸又はブレンステッド酸であり、
zは分子Yの数である。
Y=MClx、式中、例えば、M=Fe、Zn、Sn、Fe、Al、Ga
第1のカテゴリーはタイプII共晶物に相当する:
Y=MClx.yH2O、式中、例えば、M=Cr、Co、Cu、Ni、Fe
第1のカテゴリーはタイプIII共晶物に相当する:
Y=RZ、式中、例えば、Z=CONH2、COOH、OH。
この実施例において、放電はグリセリンタイプの媒体(塩化コリン及びグリセリンの混合物)中で行われる。
20 第1の電極
21 集電体
22 端子
30 第2の電極
31 集電体
32 端子
40 セパレータ
50 電解質
60 ケーシング
100 イオン性液体溶液
Claims (10)
- リチウム又はナトリウムを含有する負極(20)及び正極(30)を含む電気化学的発電機(10)を破砕する方法であって、イオン性液体、及び負極(20)で還元されて電気化学的発電機(10)を放電させることができるいわゆる酸化性レドックス種を含有するイオン性液体溶液(100)中で、電気化学的発電機(10)を破砕する工程を含む、方法。
- イオン性液体溶液(100)が、正極(30)において酸化されることが可能な第2のいわゆる還元性レドックス種を含有し、いわゆる酸化性レドックス種及びいわゆる還元性レドックス種がレドックス種対を形成することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- レドックス種対が、好ましくはMn2+/Mn3+、Co2+/Co3+、Cr2+/Cr3+、Cr3+/Cr6+、V2+/V3+、V4+/V5+、Sn2+/Sn4+、Ag+/Ag2+、Cu+/Cu2+、Ru4+/Ru8+、又はFe2+/Fe3+から選択される金属対、有機分子対、メタロセン対、例えばFc/Fc+など、又はハロゲン化分子対、例えばCl2/Cl-若しくはCl-/Cl3-であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- イオン性液体溶液(100)がさらなるイオン性液体を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- イオン性液体溶液(100)が深共晶溶媒を形成することを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 電気化学的発電機(10)が不活性雰囲気中で破砕されることを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 電気化学的発電機(10)を破砕する工程の前に、解体工程及び/又は選別工程を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 電気化学的発電機(10)を破砕する工程に続いて、高温冶金工程及び/又は湿式冶金工程を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 電気化学的発電機(10)がリチウムイオン発電機又はナトリウムイオン発電機であることを特徴とする、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 0℃~100℃の範囲の温度で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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FR1905066A FR3096179B1 (fr) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Procede de broyage d’un generateur electrochimique |
PCT/EP2020/063203 WO2020229477A1 (fr) | 2019-05-15 | 2020-05-12 | Procede de broyage d'un generateur electrochimique |
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WO2015192743A1 (zh) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | 王武生 | 一种资源化环保回收锂离子电池废弃物的方法 |
DE102014109045B4 (de) * | 2014-06-27 | 2019-04-25 | Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Gemeinnützige Stiftung | Energiespeicheranordnung, Verfahren zur kontrollierten Entladung eines Energiespeichers mittels Redox-Shuttle-Additiven und Verwendung eines Redox-Shuttle-Additivs |
CN104124487B (zh) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-02-15 | 宁波卡尔新材料科技有限公司 | 利用液相反应来回收提取废旧锂离子电池中钴、铜、铝、锂四种金属元素的方法 |
EP2983237A1 (de) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-02-10 | TSR-KAT GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Deaktivieren und Aufbewahren von Batterien in einem deaktivierten Zustand und zur kontrollierten Abreaktion von defekten Batterien |
US10411310B2 (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2019-09-10 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Methods for electrochemical cell remediation |
JP6744239B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-22 | 2020-08-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非水系二次電池の処理方法 |
CN109536713B (zh) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-03-13 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种利用离子液体分离废旧锂离子电池正极活性物质与铝箔的方法 |
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FR3096179B1 (fr) | 2021-06-11 |
HUE062292T2 (hu) | 2023-10-28 |
US20220263146A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
WO2020229477A1 (fr) | 2020-11-19 |
EP3948993A1 (fr) | 2022-02-09 |
KR20220009432A (ko) | 2022-01-24 |
FR3096179A1 (fr) | 2020-11-20 |
PL3948993T3 (pl) | 2023-08-07 |
EP3948993B1 (fr) | 2023-04-19 |
CN113826265A (zh) | 2021-12-21 |
ES2951296T3 (es) | 2023-10-19 |
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