JP2022529132A - サリプロ粒子の製造 - Google Patents
サリプロ粒子の製造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022529132A JP2022529132A JP2021559753A JP2021559753A JP2022529132A JP 2022529132 A JP2022529132 A JP 2022529132A JP 2021559753 A JP2021559753 A JP 2021559753A JP 2021559753 A JP2021559753 A JP 2021559753A JP 2022529132 A JP2022529132 A JP 2022529132A
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- saposin
- protein
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- hydrophobic
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Abstract
Description
本発明の目的は、これらの欠点の1つまたはそれより多くに対処することである。
-サポシン様タンパク質と、
-脂質と、
-任意に、前記脂質とは異なる疎水性作用物質と、
を含み、
(I)前記方法は、以下の工程:
a)前記脂質および任意に前記疎水性作用物質を提供する工程と;
b.1)液体環境において前記サポシン様タンパク質を支持体に選択的に結合することができる支持体と前記サポシン様タンパク質を接触させる工程と;
c.1)前記支持体上での前記サポシンリポタンパク質粒子の自己集合を可能にするために、前記支持体に結合したサポシン様タンパク質を前記脂質および任意に前記疎水性作用物質と接触させる工程と;
d)前記支持体に結合したサポシンリポタンパク質粒子を任意に溶出する工程と;
を含み、または
(II)あるいは、前記方法は、以下の工程:
a)前記疎水性作用物質と前記脂質を提供する工程と;
b.2)前記疎水性作用物質を支持体に選択的に結合することができる支持体と前記疎水性作用物質を接触させる工程と;
c.2)前記支持体上の前記サポシンリポタンパク質粒子の自己集合を可能にするために、前記支持体に結合した疎水性作用物質を前記サポシン様タンパク質と接触させる工程と;
d)前記支持体に結合したサポシンリポタンパク質粒子を任意に溶出する工程と;
を含む、方法を提供する。
-サポシン様タンパク質と、
-脂質と、
-任意に、前記脂質とは異なる疎水性作用物質と、
を含み、
(I)前記方法は、以下の工程:
a)前記脂質および任意に前記疎水性作用物質を提供する工程と;
b.1)液体環境において前記サポシン様タンパク質を支持体に選択的に結合することができる支持体と前記サポシン様タンパク質を接触させる工程と;
c.1)前記支持体上での前記サポシンリポタンパク質粒子の自己集合を可能にするために、前記支持体に結合したサポシン様タンパク質を前記脂質および任意に前記疎水性作用物質と接触させる工程と;
d)前記支持体に結合したサポシンリポタンパク質粒子を任意に溶出する工程と;
を含み、または
(II)あるいは、前記方法は、以下の工程:
a)前記疎水性作用物質と前記脂質を提供する工程と;
b.2)前記疎水性作用物質を支持体に選択的に結合することができる支持体と前記疎水性作用物質を接触させる工程と;
c.2)前記支持体上の前記サポシンリポタンパク質粒子の自己集合を可能にするために、前記支持体に結合した疎水性作用物質を前記サポシン様タンパク質と接触させる工程と;
d)前記支持体に結合したサポシンリポタンパク質粒子を任意に溶出する工程と;
を含む、方法を提供する。
本明細書で使用される「欠失」という用語は、それぞれの出発配列から1、2、3、4、5またはそれより多くのアミノ酸残基を除去することを指す。
i.配列番号1、2、3、4、5または6の完全長配列に対して少なくとも20%の配列同一性を有するタンパク質;特に、配列番号1、2、3、4、5または6の完全長配列に対して少なくとも20%の配列同一性を有するタンパク質、前記タンパク質は、請求項1に記載の方法において使用される場合に、脂質と共にリポタンパク質粒子へと自己集合することができる;ならびに
ii.1~40個のアミノ酸が欠失、付加、挿入および/または置換されている、配列番号1、2、3、4、5または6の配列を含むタンパク質;
から選択される。
本発明の方法の工程a)では、サリプロ粒子に組み込まれるべき脂質および任意に疎水性作用物質が提供される。重要なことに、さらなる脂質および/または疎水性作用物質も、本方法の他の工程において提供され得る。
本発明の方法の工程b.1)/b.2)では、サポシン様タンパク質(工程b.1)または疎水性作用物質(工程b.2)のいずれかを、疎水性作用物質またはサポシン様タンパク質を選択的に結合することができる支持体と接触させる。本発明の方法の工程b.2)では、疎水性作用物質を、疎水性作用物質を支持体に選択的に結合することができる支持体と接触させる。あるいは、本発明の方法の工程b.1)では、サポシン様タンパク質を、サポシン様タンパク質に選択的に結合することができる支持体と接触させる。
本発明の方法の工程c.1)/c.2)において、サポシンリポタンパク質粒子の自己集合は、支持体に結合した標的分子(疎水性作用物質またはサポシン様タンパク質)を、サポシンリポタンパク質粒子の残りの構成成分と接触させることによって起こる。
本発明の方法の工程d)において、支持体に結合したサリプロ粒子を支持体から溶出させることができる。特定の用途(例えば、バイオセンサまたはラボオンチップ)では、支持体に結合したサリプロ粒子が関心対象の生成物であるので、この工程は任意に行われる。したがって、これらの事例では、支持体から粒子を溶出する必要はない。
以下の実験で用いた精製サポシンAは、以下のように調製した。pNIC-Bsa4プラスミド中にヒトサポシンAのコード領域(配列番号1)が挿入され、大腸菌Rosetta gami-2(DE3)(Novagen)株中に形質転換され、発現されたベクターを用いて、サポシンAタンパク質の発現を行った。テトラサイクリン、クロラムフェニコールおよびカナマイシンを補充したTB培地中にて37℃で細胞を増殖させ、0.7mM IPTGで誘導した。誘導の3時間後、12.000×gで15分間の遠心分離によって細胞を収集した。上清を廃棄し、溶解緩衝液LB1(20mM HEPES pH7.5、150mM NaCl、20mMイミダゾール)を用いて細胞ペレットを再懸濁し、超音波処理によって破壊した。可溶化液を26.000×gで30分間の遠心分離に供し、上清を10分間85℃に加熱した後、26.000×gで30分間追加の遠心分離工程に供した。分取IMAC精製は、Ni Sepharose(商標)6 Fast Flow mediumを用いた60分間のエンドオーバーエンド回転による上清のバッチ吸着によって行った。サポシンAのIMAC樹脂への結合後、クロマトグラフィー媒体を10mmの(内径)オープン重力流動カラム中に充填し、15ベッド体積の溶解緩衝液LB1で洗浄することによって未結合のタンパク質を除去した。15ベッド体積の洗浄緩衝液(20mM HEPES pH7.5、150mM NaCl、40mMイミダゾール)で樹脂を洗浄した。5ベッド体積の溶出緩衝液EB1(20mM HEPES pH7.5、150mM NaCl、400mMイミダゾール)の添加によってサポシンAを溶出した。組換えTEVプロテアーゼを補充したゲル濾過緩衝液GF pH7.5(20mM HEPES pH7.5、150mM NaCl)に対して溶出液を一晩透析した。2mlのIMAC樹脂に溶出液を通すことによって、切断不可能なHisタグを含有するTEVプロテアーゼを溶出液から除去した。遠心フィルターユニットを使用して、切断された標的タンパク質を5mlの体積に濃縮し、AKTAexplorer(商標)10クロマトグラフィーシステムを使用して、HiLoad Superdex(商標)200 16/60 GLカラムに搭載した(いずれもGE Healthcare)。ピーク画分をプールし、1.2mg/mlタンパク質に濃縮した。タンパク質試料を液体窒素中で急速凍結し、-80℃で保存した。
実施例1:
本実施例では、大型膜貫通輸送体(SLC)が、本発明による方法の代替(II)において疎水性作用物質として使用される。脂質および疎水性作用物質は、SLCを過剰発現するHEK293F細胞から得られた未精製膜画分の形態で提供される。SLC輸送体は、結合部分としてStrep II-タグを含む。抗Strep-II親和性精製ビーズを本発明による支持体として使用した。抗Strep-II親和性精製ビーズは、SLC輸送体タンパク質中に含まれるStrep II結合部分を結合することができる抗Strep-II捕捉部分を含む。支持体に結合したSLC輸送体を含有する可溶化された膜にサポシンAを添加すると、SLC輸送体タンパク質中に含まれるStrep-IIタグを介して依然として支持体に付着されたSLC輸送体含有サポシン脂質粒子の形成が可能になった。したがって、サポシン脂質粒子の集合は、完全に支持体上で起こり、細胞膜に由来し、支持体に結合したSLC輸送体タンパク質と依然として複合体を形成している内因性脂質を伴って起こった。
N末端Strep-タグII、続いてdaGFPおよびPreScissionプロテアーゼ切断部位をコードする発現ベクター中に、ヒトSLC輸送体のコード配列を導入した。形質移入の前に、4mMのL-グルタミン(Sigma)および5μg ml-1のフェノールレッド(Sigma-Aldrich)を補充したExcell293培地(Sigma)中で、2.5×106細胞ml-1の密度まで、HEK293F細胞(ATCC細胞株、マイコプラズマ試験陰性)を増殖させた。ポリエチレンイミン(PEI)(Polysciences)を使用して、2.5×106細胞ml-1の密度で、Freestyle293培地(Invitrogen)中において発現ベクターで細胞を一過性に形質移入し、形質移入の6時間後に等しい体積のExcell293で希釈し、培養物の希釈の12時間後に2.2mMバルプロ酸(Sigma)で処理した。次いで、形質移入された細胞は、融合タンパク質Strep II-daGFP-SLCを過剰発現した。形質移入の約48時間後にすべての細胞を収集した。
本質的に上記a.に記載されているように、融合タンパク質Strep II-daGFP-SLCの大規模発現を5lの培養物中で行った。1mM L-Asp、1mM EDTA、1mM PMSF、1mM TCEPおよび哺乳動物プロテアーゼ阻害剤カクテル(Sigma)の1:200(v/v)希釈物を補充した50mM HEPES/Tris塩基、pH7.4、50mM NaClを含有する溶解緩衝液(LB2)中に細胞を収集し、およそ103,000kPaで3回の実行によって細胞ホモジナイザー(EmulsiFlex-C5、Avestin)中で破壊した。得られたホモジネートを遠心分離(4,500 gで0.5時間)によって清澄化し、超遠心分離(186,000gで1.5時間)によって未精製膜を回収した。LB2緩衝液で膜を1回洗浄し、最後に50mM HEPES/Tris塩基、pH7.4、200mM NaCl、1mM L-Asp、1mM EDTA、1mM TCEP、および10%グリセロールを含有する緩衝液中においてダウンサーでホモジナイズし、液体N2中で急速凍結し、0.5g膜ml-1で-80℃で保存した。
以下の緩衝液を使用した:
-可溶化緩衝液(SB):50mM HEPES pH 7.5、2% DDM、0.4% CHS、200mM NaCl、1mM L-Asp、1mM EDTA、1mM TCEPおよび5%グリセロール。
-作業用緩衝液(WB):50mM HEPES pH7.5、200mM NaCl、1mM L-Asp、1mM TCEPおよび5%グリセロール。
-溶出緩衝液EB2:2.5mMデスチオビオチン(dBiotin)を補充したWB。
-HNG緩衝液:50mM HEPES pH 7.5、200mM NaClおよび5%グリセロール。
-試料1:0mlのサポシンA+4mlのWB
-試料2:0.5mlのサポシンA+3.5mlのWB
-試料3:1mlのサポシンA+3mlのWB
-試料4:2mlのサポシンA+2mlのWB
-試料5:4mlのサポシンA
親和性ビーズを4mlのSapAと共にインキュベートした後に得られた溶出液を(前節c、試料5を参照)、100kDaの分子サイズカットオフを有するAmicon Ultra-2遠心フィルターを用いて濃縮した。1mM L-Aspを補充した、界面活性剤を含まないHNG緩衝液中でSuperose 6増加5/150 GLカラムを使用するSECによって、40μlの濃縮された試料をさらに分析した。
実施例2:
本実施例では、膜タンパク質が、本発明による方法の代替(II)において疎水性作用物質として使用される。脂質および疎水性作用物質は、膜タンパク質を過剰発現する無処理の細胞、すなわちヒト胎児由来腎臓(HEK)細胞の形態で提供される。前記HEK細胞は、機械的細胞溶解工程を行わずに界面活性剤と接触させるのみである。真核生物の膜タンパク質は、結合部分としてFLAGタグを含む。抗FLAG親和性精製ビーズを本発明による支持体として使用する。抗FLAG親和性精製ビーズは、真核生物膜タンパク質に含まれるFLAG結合部分に結合することができる抗FLAG捕捉部分を含有する。界面活性剤処理された膜中に含まれる、支持体に結合した真核生物膜タンパク質にサポシンAを添加することにより、真核生物膜タンパク質を含有するサポシン脂質粒子の形成が可能になる。したがって、本実施例では、サポシン脂質粒子の集合は、完全に支持体上で起こり、関心対象の含められるべき真核生物膜タンパク質を発現する界面活性剤処理された全細胞の形態で提供される内因性脂質を伴って起こる。
N末端FLAGタグをコードする発現ベクター中に、真核生物膜タンパク質のコード配列を導入する。形質移入の前に、293Freestyle培養培地中でHEK293F細胞を増殖させ、製造業者(ThermoFisher)によって提供されたプロトコルを使用してPEI-Max試薬を使用して形質移入する。次いで、形質移入された細胞は膜タンパク質を過剰発現する。すべての細胞を形質移入の約48時間後に収集する。
FLAGタグが付加された真核生物膜タンパク質を過剰発現する細胞を細胞ペレットに回収する。次いで、2倍の最終濃度で25倍タンパク質阻害剤カクテルをさらに含むHNG緩衝液IIに細胞ペレットを溶解する。続いて、1%GDN(w/v)の最終濃度になるように、水中10%GDN(w/v)を含む溶液を再懸濁した細胞に添加する。次いで、低温キャビネット内の回転ホイール上で、試料を5分間インキュベートする。その後、試料を4℃で5000gで5分間遠心分離する。界面活性剤処理された膜を含む可溶化された材料を含む上清を回収し、低温キャビネット内の回転ホイール上でさらに50分間インキュベートする。このインキュベーション工程の後、上清を30000gおよび4℃で30分間遠心分離して膜残屑を除去し、次いで、親和性支持体への結合のために次の工程2.cで使用する。
以下の緩衝液が使用される。
-HNG緩衝液II:50mM HEPES pH7.5、200mM NaClおよび10%グリセロール
-EB3:50mM HEPES pH7.5、200mM NaCl、10%グリセロール、250μg/mL FLAG-ペプチド
-試料1:1mlのHNG緩衝液II
-試料2:1mlのサポシンA
-試料3:3mlのサポシンA
-試料4:6mlのサポシンA
異なる量のSapA(前節2.c、試料1~4参照)と共に親和性ビーズをインキュベートした後に得られた溶出液を、Amicon Ultra-2遠心分離フィルター(10kDaのNMWL)を用いて13000gおよび4℃で濃縮する。形成されたサリプロ粒子を検出するために、界面活性剤を含まないHNG緩衝液II中のSuperose 6増加5/150GLカラムを用いるSECによって、濃縮された試料をさらに分析する。
実施例3:
本実施例では、サリプロ粒子の再構成を本発明の方法の代替(I)に従って実施した、すなわち、サポシンを親和性支持体上に固定化した。この目的のために、サポシンをビオチン化し、アビジン親和性ビーズマトリックスに結合させた。支持体に結合したサポシンを、さらなるタグが付加されていないサポシン、脂質および任意に疎水性作用物質と接触させることにより、本発明によるサリプロ粒子の形成が可能になった。したがって、サポシン脂質粒子の集合が支持体上で起こった。
製造者のプロトコルに従ってEZ-Link(登録商標)NHS-ビオチン試薬(Thermo Fisher、参照番号21343)を使用してサポシンAをビオチン化した。次いで、Quant*Tag Biotin Kit(Vector laboratory、BDK-2000)を用いて、サポシンA当たりのビオチン数の定量を行ったところ、サポシンA分子当たり1.1個のビオチンが存在することが示された。
モノマーアビジンマトリックス(Thermo Fisher 20228)を調製し、製造業者のプロトコルに従って洗浄した。ビオチン化サポシンAを、調製したアビジン親和性マトリックスに結合させた。各試料について、カラム(BioRad、Polyprep Chromatographyカラム、製品番号7311550)中に含まれるマトリックス上にビオチン化サポシンAを3回通過させることによって、100μlのビオチン化サポシンA(1.2mg/ml)を、25μlのアビジン親和性マトリックスに結合させた。次いで、非結合サポシンAの除去を確実にするために、親和性マトリックスをHNG緩衝液IIで広範に洗浄した。
-試料1:予め固定化されたサポシンAを有する親和性樹脂に16μlの脳脂質溶液を添加し、室温で5分間インキュベートした後、100μlのタグが付加されていないサポシンA(1.2mg/ml)を添加した。
-試料2:16μlの脳脂質溶液を8μlのT2(10mg/ml)と混合し、37℃で5分間インキュベートした後、予め固定化されたサポシンAを有する親和性樹脂に混合物を添加した。次いで、試料を室温で5分間インキュベートした後、100μlのタグが付加されていないサポシンA(1.2mg/ml)を添加した。
-HNG緩衝液II:50mM HEPES pH7.5、150mM NaClおよび10%グリセロール
-EB4:2mMビオチンを補充したHNG緩衝液(Thermo Fisher 29129)
HNG緩衝液II中で実行するSuperdex(商標)200 5/150 GL分析用ゲル濾過カラムを使用して、溶出試料を分析用SECに供した。
Claims (14)
- サポシンリポタンパク質粒子を生成するための方法であって、前記生成されたサポシンリポタンパク質粒子は、
-サポシン様タンパク質と、
-脂質と、
-任意に、前記脂質とは異なる疎水性作用物質と、
を含み、
(I)前記方法は、以下の工程:
a)前記脂質および任意に前記疎水性作用物質を提供する工程と;
b.1)液体環境において前記サポシン様タンパク質を支持体に選択的に結合することができる支持体と前記サポシン様タンパク質を接触させる工程と;
c.1)前記支持体上での前記サポシンリポタンパク質粒子の自己集合を可能にするために、前記支持体に結合したサポシン様タンパク質を前記脂質および任意に前記疎水性作用物質と接触させる工程と;
d)前記支持体に結合したサポシンリポタンパク質粒子を任意に溶出する工程と;
を含み、または
(II)あるいは、前記方法は、以下の工程:
a)前記疎水性作用物質と前記脂質を提供する工程と;
b.2)前記疎水性作用物質を支持体に選択的に結合することができる支持体と前記疎水性作用物質を接触させる工程と;
c.2)前記支持体上の前記サポシンリポタンパク質粒子の前記自己集合を可能にするために、前記支持体に結合した疎水性作用物質を前記サポシン様タンパク質と接触させる工程と;
d)前記支持体に結合したサポシンリポタンパク質粒子を任意に溶出する工程と;
を含む、方法。 - 前記支持体が捕捉部分を含み、前記サポシン様タンパク質が結合部分を含み、前記捕捉部分が前記サポシン様タンパク質中の前記結合部分を選択的に結合することができる、請求項1の選択肢(I)に記載の方法。
- 前記支持体が捕捉部分を含み、前記疎水性作用物質が結合部分を含み、前記捕捉部分が前記疎水性作用物質中の前記結合部分を選択的に結合することができる、請求項1の選択肢(II)に記載の方法。
- 前記支持体が、
i.ビーズ、
ii.ベッドと、
iii.膜、および/または
iv.固体支持体、特に平面を有する固体支持体の形態である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記脂質が、ウイルス、古細菌、真核生物および原核生物の脂質、ならびにそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程a)において、前記疎水性作用物質および前記脂質が、前記サポシンリポタンパク質粒子中に組み込まれるべき前記疎水性作用物質および前記脂質を含むウイルス、古細菌、真核生物または原核生物の膜の形態で提供される、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程c.1)において、サポシン様粒子のライブラリーの形成を可能にするために、前記支持体に結合したサポシン様タンパク質が、工程a)において提供された前記ウイルス、古細菌、真核生物または原核生物の膜と接触され、前記ライブラリーは、異なる膜脂質および任意に膜タンパク質組成を有するサポシンリポタンパク質粒子の異種混合物を含む、請求項1の選択肢(I)に関する限度での請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記サポシン様タンパク質が、請求項1に記載の方法においてサポシンリポタンパク質粒子を形成することができる、サポシンA、サポシンB、サポシンC、サポシンDまたはこれらの誘導体もしくは切断型である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記誘導体または切断型が、
i.配列番号1、2、3、4、5または6の完全長配列に対して少なくとも20%の配列同一性を有するタンパク質;特に、前記タンパク質は両親媒性であり、少なくとも1つのアルファヘリックスを形成し、請求項1に記載の方法で使用される場合に、脂質と一緒にリポタンパク質粒子へと自己集合することができる;ならびに
ii.1~40個のアミノ酸が欠失、付加、挿入および/または置換されている、配列番号1、2、3、4、5または6の配列を含むタンパク質;
から選択される、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記疎水性作用物質が、疎水性有機化合物および疎水性生体分子からなる群から選択される、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性有機化合物および/または前記疎水性生体分子が、生物学的に活性な作用物質、薬物、薬物の活性成分、化粧品の活性成分、植物保護製品の活性成分、食事および/または栄養補助食品、診断プローブ、造影剤、ラベルならびにインジケータからなる群から選択される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性生体分子が、疎水性部分を含むタンパク質、特に、膜タンパク質、内在性膜貫通タンパク質、内在性モノトピック膜タンパク質、表在性膜タンパク質、脂質に結合した状態の両指向性タンパク質、脂質アンカー型タンパク質ならびに融合した疎水性および/または膜貫通ドメインを有するキメラタンパク質からなる群から選択されるタンパク質である、請求項10または11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記疎水性作用物質、前記脂質および/または前記サポシン様タンパク質が界面活性剤で可溶化された状態にあり、任意に、前記界面活性剤は、アルキルベンゼンスルホナートまたは胆汁酸、カチオン性界面活性剤および非イオン性または両性イオン性界面活性剤、例えばラウリル-ジメチルアミンオキシド(LDAO)、Fos-コリン、CHAPS/CHAPSO、サポニン、例えばジギトニン、および構造的に関連する合成界面活性剤、例えばグリコール-ジオスゲニン、アルキルグリコシド、例えば短鎖、中鎖または長鎖アルキルマルトシド、特にn-ドデシルβ-D-マルトシド、グルコシド、マルトース-ネオペンチルグリコール(MNG)両親媒性物質、両親媒性ポリマー(アンフィポール)、スチレンマレイン酸コポリマー(SMA)、フェノールおよびアルデヒドのヒドロキシアルキル化生成物を基礎とする大環状分子または環状オリゴマー(カリックスアレーン)ならびにこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されてもよい、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- i.工程c.2)および/またはc.1)で得られた前記粒子が円板形状であり、特に、工程c.2)および/またはc.1)で得られた前記粒子が円板形状であり、親水性または水性コアを含まない;
ii.工程c.2)および/または工程c.1)の前記粒子が、2nm~200nm、特に3nm~150、好ましくは3nm~100nmの平均最大直径を有する;
iii.工程c.2)および/または工程c.1)における前記粒子の前記自己集合が、2.0~10.0、特に6.0~10.0、好ましくは6.0~9.0、特に好ましくは7.0~9.0、最も好ましくは7.0~8.0のpHで行われる、
請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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