JP2022528533A - 改質装置二重底部 - Google Patents
改質装置二重底部 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 42
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 methane Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
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Abstract
Description
シミュレーション計算では、改質装置底部上の予想温度を、底部上の冷却ダクト(実施例)がある場合と底部上の冷却ダクトがない場合(比較例)で比較した。一次改質装置の構造の残りのもの(寸法、改質管の数)は、両方の実施例で同一である。
表1で推定された温度は、本発明の実施例における明瞭な温度低下を示している。これは、改質装置底部での材料応力及び材料疲労を明らかに減少させる。より好ましくは、冷却媒体の流れを有利に調整することができる制御装置によって、温度変動を低減することが可能である。
図2:本発明の改質装置の好ましい実施形態の断面図、
図3:図2からの断面軸Aに沿った模式図;及び
図4:図2からの断面軸Aに沿ったさらなる模式図。
(1)改質装置燃焼スペース
(1a)改質装置底部
(1b)改質壁
(1c)改質装置天板
(2a)第1の改質管
(2b)第2の改質管
(3)改質装置バーナー
(4)冷却ダクト
(5)収集システム
(6)煙道ガス換気ダクト
(7)耐火断熱層
(8)吸気口
(8a)第2の吸気口
(9)煙道ガス運搬装置
(10)第1の熱交換器
(10a)第2の熱交換器
(10b)第3の熱交換器
(10c)第4の熱交換器
(11)アンダーボディチャンバ
(12)第1の補助運搬装置
(13)第2の補助運搬装置
(14)煙道ガス入口開口部
(15)バーナー収集システム
(16)燃焼用空気運搬装置
(17)制御バルブ
Claims (21)
- 合成ガス若しくは水素の製造及び/又はプロパン若しくはブタンの脱水素化のための改質装置であって、少なくとも下記の構成要素:
-改質装置底部(1a)、改質装置壁(1b)、及び改質装置天板(1c)を有する改質装置燃焼スペース(1);
-第1の改質管(2a)及び第2の改質管(2b)であって、前記第1の改質管(2a)及び前記第2の改質管(2b)の少なくとも一部が前記改質装置燃焼スペース(1)内に配置されている改質管;
-前記改質装置燃焼スペース(1)内に配置された少なくとも一つの改質装置バーナー(3)
を有し、
前記改質装置底部(1a)上若しくはその下の冷却ダクト(4)が、前記第1の改質装置管(2a)と前記第2の改質装置管(2b)との間に配置されることを特徴とする改質装置。 - 前記第1の改質管(2a)及び前記第2の改質管(2b)が、前記改質装置燃焼スペース(1)の外側の収集システム(5)に接続されており、前記収集システム(5)が好ましくは前記改質装置底部(1a)の下に配置されている、請求項1に記載の改質装置。
- 前記第1の収集システム(5)が、前記改質装置チャンバ(1)の下の前記アンダーボディチャンバ(11)に配置されている、請求項2に記載の改質装置。
- 前記改質装置底部(1a)が、金属、鉱物、又はセラミック材料、好ましくは金属板を含む、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 耐火性断熱層(7)が前記改質装置底部(1a)及び冷却ダクト(4)上に配置されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 第2の冷却ダクトが前記改質装置壁(1b)及び/又は前記改質装置天板(1c)に配置されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 煙道ガス換気ダクト(6)が前記第1の改質管(2a)と前記第2の改質管(2b)との間に配置されており、前記煙道ガス換気ダクト(6)が好ましくは前記冷却ダクト(4)上に配置されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 前記煙道ガス換気ダクト(6)が前記改質装置底部(1a)に固定されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 前記煙道ガス換気ダクト(6)が煙道ガス運搬装置(9)に接続されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 前記冷却ダクト(4)が燃焼用空気運搬装置(16)に接続されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 前記冷却ダクト(4)が、前記改質装置チャンバ(1)の外側の空気取り入れ口(8)に接続されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 前記アンダーボディチャンバ(11)中/内の前記空気取り入れ口(8)及び/又は第2の空気取り入れ口(8a)が、前記冷却ダクト(4)を介して第1の補助運搬装置(12)に接続されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 第2の補助運搬装置(13)が、前記空気取り入れ口(8)を介して前記冷却ダクト(4)に接続されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 前記燃焼運搬装置(16)が、前記煙道ガス換気ダクト(6)内の第1の熱交換器(10)を介して前記改質装置バーナー(3)に接続されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- 第2の熱交換器(10a)が、プロセス方向で前記燃焼運搬装置(16)の上流及び/又は下流に配置されている、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置。
- アンモニア、アンモニア及び尿素、水素及びメタノールの調製のための、及びプロパン及びブタンの脱水素化のためのプラントであって、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置を含むプラント。
- 少なくとも水素及び一酸化炭素を含むガス混合物を製造するための、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の改質装置の使用。
- 合成ガスの製造方法であって、少なくとも下記の段階:
a)炭化水素混合物及び蒸気を、温度400℃~700℃及び圧力10バール~50バールで、少なくとも下記のもの:
-改質装置底部(1a)を有する改質装置チャンバ(1);
-第1の改質管(2a)及び第2の改質管(2b)であって、前記第1の改質管(2a)及び前記第2の改質管(2b)の少なくとも一部が前記改質チャンバ(1)中に配置されている改質管;
-前記改質装置チャンバ(1)内に配置された少なくとも一つの改質装置バーナー(3);
-前記第1の改質管(2a)と前記第2の改質管(2b)の間の煙道ガス換気ダクト(6)
を含む改質装置に導入し;
-前記第1の改質管(2a)及び前記第2の改質管(2b)が、前記改質装置チャンバ(1)の外側の収集システム(5)に接続されていても良く、当該収集システム(5)が前記改質装置チャンバ(1)の下のアンダーボディチャンバ(11)に配置されており;
-冷却ダクト(4)が、前記第1の改質管(2a)と前記第2の改質管(2b)との間の前記改質装置底部(1a)上に配置されている段階;
b)少なくとも水素及び一酸化炭素を含む混合物を得る段階
を含み、
冷却媒体(12)が前記冷却ダクト(4)を通って導かれることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記冷却媒体が-20℃~100℃の入口温度を有する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却ダクト(4)が外部空気又は前記アンダーボディチャンバ(11)からの空気で満たされている、請求項18又は19に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却ダクト(4)が、任意に、吸引動作において追加の補助運搬装置(12)を有する燃焼用空気運搬装置(16)で動作し、前記燃焼用空気運搬装置(16)が、燃焼用空気を供給するために前記改質装置バーナー(3)に接続されている、請求項18~20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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JPH02129002A (ja) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-05-17 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システムの燃料改質装置 |
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