JP2022504063A - 大気メタン及び窒素酸化物排出を減少するための組成物及び方法 - Google Patents
大気メタン及び窒素酸化物排出を減少するための組成物及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2018年10月9日出願の米国仮出願第62/743,167号及び2019年8月13日出願の米国仮出願第62/885,929号の優先権を主張するものであり、内容を参照することにより組み込まれる。
本発明は、家畜飼料添加物及び/又はサプリメントを使用して、大気中のメタン及び/又は亜酸化窒素排出を減少するための組成物及び方法を提供する。好ましい実施形態において、1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物増殖副生成物を含む組成物を、動物が飼料及び/又は飲料水を摂取する前に、動物飼料及び/又は飲料水と接触させることを含む。本組成物は、例えば、動物の消化系内のメタン生成微生物を制御して、動物及び動物の老廃物から生成される腸溶性メタン放出の量を減少させることができる。
本発明は、家畜飼料添加物及び/又はサプリメントを使用して大気中のメタン放出を減少するための組成物及び方法を提供する。好ましい実施形態において、1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物増殖副生成物を含む組成物を、動物がそれを摂取する前に動物飼料及び/又は飲料水と接触させる。この組成物は、例えば、動物の消化系内のメタン生成微生物を制御することができ、したがって、動物及び動物の老廃物から生成される腸溶性メタン放出の量を減少させることができる。
本明細書中で使用される「バイオフィルム」は、細菌等の微生物の複合的な凝集体であり、ここで、細胞は、細胞外多糖マトリックスを介して互いに、及び/又は表面に接着する。バイオフィルム中の細胞は、液体培地中で浮遊又は泳動することができる単一細胞であり、同じ生物のプランクトン細胞とは生理学的に異なる。
好ましい実施形態において、本発明は、飼育動物に給餌するための組成物であって、1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物増殖副生成物を含む組成物を提供する。有益な微生物は、活性又は不活性形態である。
本発明は、微生物の培養及び微生物代謝生成物及び/又は微生物増殖のその他副生成物の製造のための方法を利用する。本発明はさらに、微生物の培養及び所望の規模での微生物代謝生成物の製造に適した培養プロセスを利用する。これらの培養プロセスには、浸漬培養/発酵、固相発酵(SSF)、及び改良、ハイブリッド、及び/又はそれらの組み合わせが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
本発明は、家畜生産の結果として放出されるメタンの量を減少させるための微生物ベースの生成物を提供する。本発明の1つの微生物ベースの生成物は、単に、微生物及び/又は微生物によって生成される微生物代謝生成物及び/又は任意の残留栄養素を含有する発酵培地である。発酵生成物は、抽出又は精製することなく直接使用することができる。所望であれば、抽出及び精製は、文献に記載されている標準的な抽出及び/又は精製方法又は技術を用いて容易に行うことができる。
本発明の特定の実施形態において、微生物増殖施設は、所望の規模で、新鮮で高密度の微生物及び/又は目的の微生物増殖副生成物を生成する。微生物増殖施設は、適用部位又はその近くに位置していてもよい。施設は、バッチ培養、準連続培養、又は連続培養で高密度の微生物ベースの組成物を生成する。
好ましい実施形態において、本発明は、大気中のメタン及び/又は亜酸化窒素放出を減少させるための方法であって、1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物増殖副生成物を含む組成物を、動物が飼料及び/又は水を摂取する前に、家畜動物の飼料及び/又は飲料水と接触させることを含む方法を提供する。有利な点として、特定の実施形態において、本方法は、抗生物質の必要性を減少しながら、動物の消化系、及び動物の廃棄物中のメタン生成微生物を制御することができることである。
本発明及びその多くの利点のより大きな理解は、例示として与えられる以下の実施例から得られる。以下の実施例は、本発明の方法、用途、実施形態及び変形のいくつかを例示するものである。それらは、本発明を限定するものと見なされるべきではない。本発明に関して、多くの変更及び修正を行うことができる。
発酵温度は、培養される微生物及び/又は微生物増殖副生成物に応じて、概して、約22~28℃の間である。Starmerella bombicolaについては、約25℃の温度が最適である。
Claims (35)
- 有益な微生物及び/又は微生物増殖副生成物を含む組成物を、家畜動物が飼料及び/又は飲料水を摂取する前に、前記動物の飼料及び/又は飲料水と接触させることを含み、
前記微生物は、Wickerhamomyces anomalus、Bacillus licheniformis、Bacillus amyloliquefaciens、Bacillus subtilis、Starmerella bombicola、Pichia occidentalis、Pleurotus ostreatus、Lentinula edodes、Monascus purpureus、Trichoderma harzianum、Trichoderma viride、Acremonium chrysogenum、Saccharomyces cerevisiae、及び/又はSaccharomyces boulardiiであり、
前記家畜動物は、飼料及び/又は飲料水を提供され、かつ/又は前記飼料及び/又は水を摂取し、
前記組成物の前記家畜の摂取は、前記組成物が前記家畜の消化器系に存在するメタン生成微生物と接触し、前記メタン生成微生物を制御することを可能にする、大気中のメタン放出を減少する方法。 - 前記組成物は、前記微生物が培養された発酵ブロスを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記微生物Wickerhamomyces anomalus、Bacillus licheniformis、Bacillus amyloliquefaciens、及びPleurotus ostreatusを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、メタン生成微生物を制御することができる酵素である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素は、エキソ-β-1,3-グルカナーゼである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、HMG-CoA阻害剤である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記HMG-CoA阻害剤は、ロバスタチン及び/又は別のスタチンである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、バリンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、バイオサーファクタントである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオサーファクタントは、ソホロ脂質、ラムノ脂質、セロビオース脂質、マンノシルエリトリトール脂質、及びトレハロース脂質から選択される糖脂質である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオサーファクタントは、サーファクチン、イチュリン、フェンギシン、アルスロファクチン及びリケニシンから選択されるリポペプチドである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオサーファクタントは、粗形態であり、前記粗形態は、バイオサーファクタント生成微生物が培養された発酵ブロス中のバイオサーファクタントを含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記粗形態バイオサーファクタントは、それを生成する微生物なしで使用される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物は、動物の飼料及び/又は飲料水と混合される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物は、前記動物の飼料に処方される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物は、加工された乾燥動物飼料を製造するために使用される原料と混合され、前記原料は、モルセル、ペレット、キブル、ケーキ、ナッツ、トリート又はビスケットを形成するために加工及び/又は調理される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物は、乾燥干草、わら、穀物、マメ科植物及びサイレージから選択される動物飼料と混合される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物を前記飼料及び/又は水と接触させる前に、前記方法は、前記組成物が現地の条件に適用される家畜動物又は家畜生産施設を評価し、前記現地の条件に合わせてカスタマイズされた前記組成物の好ましい処方を決定し、前記動物又は施設から300マイル以内の微生物増殖施設で前記好ましい処方を用いて前記組成物を生成することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記評価される現地の条件は、前記動物の年齢、健康、サイズ及び/又は種、前記動物を生産する目的、前記動物の腸内の微生物の種、施設における温室効果ガス排出の量及び種類、現在の気候、現在の季節及び時節、ならびに組成物の適用様式及び/又はレートうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 家畜生産に関与する事業者によって使用される炭素クレジットの数が減少する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- メタン放出の発生に対する前記方法の効果を評価するため、及び/又は前記動物の消化器系及び/又は老廃物中のメタン生成物の制御に対する前記方法の効果を評価するために測定を行うことをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記動物の成長、免疫の健康、栄養吸収、及び/又は腸内微生物の健康が、前記組成物の摂取によって増進する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 家畜に給餌するための組成物であって、微生物及び/又は微生物増殖副生成物を含み、
前記微生物は、Wickerhamomyces anomalus、Bacillus licheniformis、Bacillus amyloliquefaciens、Bacillus subtilis、Starmerella bombicola、Pichia occidentalis、Pleurotus ostreatus、Lentinula edodes、Monascus purpureus、Trichoderma harzianum、Trichoderma viride、Acremonium chrysogenum、Saccharomyces cerevisiae、及び/又はSaccharomyces boulardiiである、組成物。 - 前記増殖副生成物は、ソホロ脂質、ラムノ脂質、セロビオース脂質、マンノシルエリトリトール脂質、及びトレハロース脂質から選択される糖脂質バイオサーファクタントである、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、サーファクチン、イチュリン、フェンギシン、アルスロファクチン及びリケニシンから選択されるリポペプチドである、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、粗形態であり、前記粗形態は、増殖副生成物が生成された発酵ブロス中の増殖副生成物を含む、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 粗形態増殖副生成物を生成した微生物を含まない粗形態増殖副生成物を含む、請求項26に記載の組成物。
- 前記微生物Wickerhamomyces anomalus、Bacillus licheniformis、Bacillus amyloliquefaciens及びPleurotus ostreatusを含む、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、メタン生成微生物を制御することができる酵素である、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 前記酵素は、エキソ-β-1,3-グルカナーゼである、請求項29に記載の組成物。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、HMG-CoA阻害剤である、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 前記HMG-CoA阻害剤は、ロバスタチン及び/又は別のスタチンである、請求項31に記載の組成物。
- 前記増殖副生成物は、バリンである、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 動物の健康を促進するための1つ以上の栄養素をさらに含む、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 前記1つ以上の栄養素は、アミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、ビタミン、微量元素、脂肪、脂肪酸、脂質、炭水化物、ステロール、酵素、及び微量ミネラルの選択された供給源である、請求項34に記載の組成物。
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US11692989B2 (en) | 2019-07-11 | 2023-07-04 | Locus Solutions Ipco, Llc | Use of soil and other environmental data to recommend customized agronomic programs |
CR20230047A (es) * | 2020-06-30 | 2023-09-12 | Locus Solutions Ipco Llc | Suplementos de bloque de alimentación mejorados para la salud del ganado y reducción de metano |
CN112760234B (zh) * | 2021-02-02 | 2023-01-31 | 吉林农业大学 | 一种哈茨木霉与绿色木霉液体培养基及哈茨木霉与绿色木霉菌剂制备方法 |
CN114015606B (zh) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-04-18 | 郑州大学 | 一种地衣芽孢杆菌胞外聚合物有机硒产品及其制备方法与应用 |
CN114080960B (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-09-16 | 钟少晖 | 用于甲烷减排的微生物菌粉及附加肥、稻田甲烷减排方法 |
CN114403450B (zh) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-03-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | 黑木耳多糖添加物在抑制机体代谢臭气产生中的用途 |
US20240002726A1 (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-01-04 | Arkea Bio Corp. | Compositions and methods for reducing deleterious atmospheric gas emissions from flooded ecosystems |
WO2024106663A1 (ko) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-23 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | 티아민 삼인산을 포함하는 반추동물의 메탄 생성 저감용 조성물 |
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AU2021219731A1 (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2022-09-01 | Locus Ip Company, Llc | Methods and compositions for reducing deleterious enteric atmospheric gases in livestock |
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