JP2022183869A - Demolition method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a demolition method, etc. that enable smooth cutting and removal of large slabs while preventing bending, breaking, etc. as much as possible.SOLUTION: A demolition of a slab 100 includes the steps of: forming holes 102 in a slab 100 to be demolished; providing support beams 300 on a lower surface of the slab 100 to be demolished at positions corresponding to the holes 102 and supporting the support beams 300 with a support 200; separating the slab 100 to be demolished from the slabs 100 on both sides so that the slab 100 has a trapezoid shape with its long side on top in a cross-section in a thickness direction and removing the support 200; and lifting the slab 100 to be demolished which is separated from the slabs on both sides, upward together with the support beams 300 using a suspension jig 1 arranged by using the holes 102.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

The present invention relates to a dismantling method and the like.

As a method for dismantling a large-scale building, there is a block dismantling method in which a building is cut into large members (blocks) and lifted by a crane for removal (Patent Documents 1 to 4, etc.).

In block demolition, it is important to shorten the construction period by shortening the crane's restraint time. Therefore, it is effective to lift and remove the building as a large-sized unit of blocks as large as possible.

JP-A-8-28068 Patent No. 5627084 JP 2019-039225 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-104220

However, when the slab is lifted and removed, if the slab is made too large, there is a danger that it will bend or break. Conventionally, in order to prevent such warping and breaking, it was cut into small blocks and dismantled. Therefore, there has been a demand to lift and remove large slabs while preventing bending and breaking as much as possible.

In addition, when cutting the slab vertically to separate the slab to be demolished from the slabs on both sides, it is necessary to install shoring under the slab in order to prevent the slab to be demolished from falling. Leaving the shoring up until the end of the construction caused an increase in cost and labor.

On the other hand, the slab is cut diagonally to separate the slab to be dismantled from the slabs on both sides, and the section in the thickness direction of the slab to be dismantled is trapezoidal with the long side of a pair of parallel sides facing up. There is also an idea to support the slab to be dismantled from the slabs on both sides by doing so. However, during slab cutting, the slab to be dismantled slips down due to its own weight, and the blade of the slab cutter sometimes gets caught between the slab to be dismantled and the slab on the side thereof and cannot move.

In Patent Document 4, a wedge is driven into the cut portion of the slab to prevent the slab to be dismantled from slipping down. As a result, there was a risk that the wedge would lose its effectiveness in retaining the slab. In addition, the wedge must be driven in before the slab to be demolished slides down due to its own weight while the slab is being cut. rice field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a dismantling method and the like capable of smoothly cutting and removing large slabs while preventing bending and breaking as much as possible.

The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems includes a step of forming a hole in a slab to be demolished, and providing a support beam on the lower surface of the slab to be demolished at a position corresponding to the hole to support the support beam. and separating the slab to be demolished from the slabs on both sides so that the cross section in the thickness direction of the slab has a trapezoidal shape with the long side of a pair of parallel sides facing up. a step of removing the shoring; and a step of removing the slab to be dismantled by lifting it upward together with the support beam using a lifting jig arranged using the hole. It is a dismantling method that

According to the dismantling method of the present invention, the slab to be dismantled and the support beams can be integrally lifted by a crane, and the slab can be removed. This makes it possible to enlarge the slab and dismantle it. Moreover, since the slab to be demolished is cut while being supported by the support beams and the shoring, there is no problem of the slab to be demolished slipping down, and wedges and the like are not necessary.

Moreover, since the slab to be dismantled is separated from the slabs on both sides so that the section in the thickness direction of the slab has a trapezoidal shape with the long side up, the slab to be dismantled can be supported by the slabs on both sides. . Therefore, the shoring can be removed immediately after cutting the slab, and there is no need to leave it for a long time.

The removed shoring is used when the lower slab of the slab to be demolished is to be demolished, and the lower slab to be demolished is separated from the slabs on both sides in the same manner as the upper slab to be demolished, It is desirable that the slabs to be demolished on the lower stage are positioned so as to avoid being directly below the slabs to be demolished on the upper stage.
The removed shoring can be diverted when the lower slab of the slab to be demolished is to be demolished and separated from the slabs on both sides. The slabs to be demolished on the lower level should be positioned so as not to be directly under the slabs to be demolished on the upper level, so that in the unlikely event that the slabs to be demolished on the upper level fall due to an earthquake, etc., a chain reaction of slabs can be avoided. can be done.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION By this invention, the dismantling method etc. which can cut|disconnect and remove a large-sized slab smoothly can be provided, preventing bending, folding, etc. as much as possible.

The figure which shows a dismantling method. The figure which shows a dismantling method. The figure which shows a dismantling method. The figure which shows a dismantling method. The figure which shows a dismantling method. The figure which shows the hanging jig 1. FIG. The figure which shows a dismantling method. The figure which shows the diversion of the shoring 200 and the chain 7. FIG.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In the dismantling method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the slab 100 shown in FIG. 1 is dismantled. The slab 100 is a concrete plate-like member supported by a pair of parallel beams 101 . In FIG. 1, (a) shows a cross section of the slab 100 in the thickness direction, and (b) shows the upper surface of the slab 100. As shown in FIG. This also applies to FIGS. 2 to 5 below.

When dismantling, first, a hole 102 is formed through the slab 100 to be dismantled in the thickness direction. The hole 102 is a hole for attaching a hanging jig, which will be described later, and its diameter is determined to be larger than the width of the support beam, which will be described later. A plurality of holes 102 are formed at intervals along the axial direction of the beams 101 near the inside of the pair of beams 101 .

After that, as shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), a temporary lid 103 is put on the hole 102 to temporarily cure the opening. Also, the shoring 200 is carried in and set under the slab 100 .

The shoring 200 is provided with truss-like arms 202 protruding to the sides of the main body 201 on both sides of a frame-like main body 201 . The protruding end of arm 202 is positioned below hole 102 . In addition, as shown in FIG. 2(c), the arm 202 is divided into a body side member 202a and a tip side member 202b, and by changing the fixed position of the tip side member 202b to the body side member 202a, the protrusion of the arm 202 You may enable it to adjust length. The shoring 200 can be carried in using a hand-push cart or the like, but a wheel with a stopper may be provided at the lower end of the shoring 200 to facilitate carrying in and setting of the shoring 200 .

Next, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a temporary support beam 300 parallel to the axial direction of the beam 101 is placed on the lower surface of the slab 100 so as to align with the holes 102 of the slab 100 . Each support beam 300 is supported from below by arms 202 on both sides of the shoring 200 .

FIG. 3(c) is a side view of the support beam 300. FIG. As shown in FIG. 3(c), the support beam 300 has a truss shape with a diagonal member 303 provided between an upper chord member 301 and a lower chord member 302, and is made of wood. However, the shape and material of the support beam 300 are not limited to this.

In this embodiment, the slab 100 is cut by a slab cutter (not shown) as shown in FIG. In the drawing, C is a cutting line of the slab 100, and the slab 100 is cut obliquely between the hole 102 and the beam 101 so as to go downward from the beam 101 side to the hole 102 side. In some cases, the slab 100 is formed by placing concrete on a deck plate (not shown), in which case the deck plate is also cut. Also, the holes 102 are formed so as to penetrate the deck plate.

As a result, the slab 100 to be demolished located inside the cutting line C is separated from the slabs 100 on both sides thereof, but the cross section in the thickness direction of the slab 100 to be demolished is the length of a pair of parallel sides. It has a trapezoidal shape with the sides up. Therefore, the slab 100 to be demolished can be supported in a wedge shape by the slabs 100 on both sides thereof.

Further, when cutting the slab 100, the slab 100 (to be dismantled) inside the cutting line C is supported by the support beams 300 and the shoring 200, so that the slab 100 slides down and the blade of the slab cutter cuts down on the cutting line C. It does not become stuck between the inner and outer slabs 100. - 特許庁

Furthermore, by using the shoring 200 having the arms 202, the support beams 300 are arranged near the ends on both sides of the slab 100 to be demolished to widen the distance between the fulcrums of the slab 100, and the support beams 300 cantilever. can reduce the length of the outer part of

After that, the lid 103 is removed, and the hanging jig 1 is attached to the slab 100 to be dismantled and the support beam 300 on the lower surface thereof using the hole 102 as shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing this hanging jig 1. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, (a) shows the suspension jig 1 in a cross section in the thickness direction of the slab 100, and (b) is a perspective view of the suspension jig 1. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, the hanging jig 1 includes an upper member 10, an intermediate member 20, and a lower member 30, which are arranged at positions corresponding to the holes 102 on the plane.

The upper member 10 is obtained by attaching a hanging metal fitting 13 (shackle) to an attachment portion 12 on a plate member 11 . The plate member 11 is placed on the hole 102 so as to block the hole 102 , and is positioned so as not to come off the hole 102 by the protrusions 14 provided on the lower surface of the plate member 11 . The shape of the projection 14 may be prismatic or cylindrical. A steel plate is used for the plate member 11, and the size of the plate member 11 may be sufficient to close the hole 102. As shown in FIG.

The intermediate member 20 is formed by fixing long nuts 22 by welding or the like to both sides of a main body 21 having a U-shaped cross section that is convex upward. The main body 21 is arranged so as to cover the upper chord member 301 of the support beam 300 with its concave portion.

The lower member 30 has a plate member 31 arranged on the lower surface of the lower chord member 302 of the support beam 300 . The width of the plate member 31 is greater than the width of the lower chord member 302 , and both ends of the plate member 31 protrude from both sides of the lower chord member 302 . A steel plate is used for the plate member 31, and it is sufficient that the plate member 31 has strength and thickness to the extent that it does not deform when the slab 100 to be demolished is lifted.

Holes (not shown) are formed in the plate member 11 of the upper member 10 at planar positions corresponding to both sides of the support beam 300, and the shaft portions of the headed bolts 40 are passed through these holes from above. The shank extends through the hole 102 and its lower end is screwed onto the top of the long nuts 22 on both sides of the intermediate member 20 .

The plate member 31 of the lower member 30 is also provided with holes (not shown) at planar positions corresponding to both sides of the support beam 300, and the shaft portions of the headed bolts 50 are passed through these holes from below. The shank extends on both sides of the support beam 300 and its upper ends are screwed into the lower portions of the long nuts 22 on both sides of the intermediate member 20 .

Thereby, the upper member 10 and the lower member 30 are connected, and the slab 100 and the support beam 300 are sandwiched between the upper member 10 and the lower member 30 from above and below.

The hoisting jigs 1 are installed at the positions of the holes 102 of the slab 100 , and the pitch of the hoisting jigs 1 (holes 102 ) can be determined in advance by structural analysis of the stress state when the slab 100 is lifted. The length of the shaft of the headed bolts 40 and 50 is determined according to the thickness of the slab 100 and the structure of the support beam 300. It is determined according to the weight and the like that one lifting jig 1 bears when lifting.

In this embodiment, the intermediate member 20 and the lower member 30 of the hanging jig 1 are attached to the support beam 300 in advance (for example, before the support beam 300 is arranged on the lower surface of the slab 100), and then the headed bolt is attached. 40 connects the upper member 10 to the intermediate member 20 .

After the slab 100 to be dismantled and the support beam 300 are thus integrated with the lifting jig 1, the shoring 200 is removed as shown in FIG. 7(a). As described above, the slab 100 to be dismantled is supported by the slabs 100 on both sides thereof, and the slab 100 and the support beams 300 are integrated by the lifting jig 1, so that even if the shoring 200 is removed, the slab 100 to be dismantled can be dismantled. The slab 100 and the support beam 300 do not fall, and the shoring 200 can be diverted to other demolition locations. This enables efficient use of materials and reduces costs. In addition, since the slab 100 can be left as it is for the time being, other work can be brought forward and the landslide can be collapsed.

In this embodiment, it is assumed that the slabs 100 on the upper and lower levels of the building are to be demolished. The shoring 200 used in the above is removed, and as shown in FIG. 8(a), the slab 100 to be dismantled on the lower stage is diverted to be separated from the slabs 100 on both sides in the same manner as described above. Cutting of the lower slab 100 is performed prior to lifting and removing the upper slab 100 to be demolished.

Here, the lower slab 100 to be dismantled that is separated from the slabs 100 on both sides avoids the portion immediately below the upper slab 100 to be dismantled, and the slab 100 is positioned adjacent to this portion. This is to avoid a chain drop of the slabs 100 immediately below when the upper slab 100 to be demolished falls due to an earthquake or the like. That is, even if the upper slab 100 to be demolished falls, the slab 100 immediately below it is not supported by the lower slab 100 to be demolished, but is supported by the beams 101. It will not fall.

Returning to the description of FIG. In this embodiment, after the shoring 200 is removed as shown in FIG. 7A, slinging work is performed on the lifting jig 1 as shown in FIG. lift. Here, a wire 3 suspended from a suspension frame 2 suspended by a crane (not shown) is attached to a suspension metal fitting 13 (see FIG. 6) of a suspension jig 1, and the slab 100 is lifted by the crane, as shown in FIG. 7(c). As shown, it is suspended and temporarily placed on a pillow beam 5 placed on the ground. The bolster 5 is, for example, H-shaped steel, and is arranged with the flange surface on which the slab 100 is placed facing upward.

After that, as shown in FIG. 7(d), the fork 61 of the forklift 6 is placed on the lower surface of the support beam 300, the support beam 300 is supported by the fork 61, and the headed bolt 40 (see FIG. 6) of the lifting jig 1 is mounted. is removed to remove the upper member 10. Since the long nut 22 of the intermediate member 20 is fixed to the main body 21, the headed bolt 40 can be removed without rotating together.

If the support beam 300 is located on the center side of the plane of the slab 100, the fork 61 may not reach. Since the positions of 300 can be near the ends on both sides of the slab 100 to be dismantled, the work is facilitated.

When the headed bolt 40 is removed, the intermediate member 20, the lower member 30, and the support beam 300 of the hanging jig 1 can be removed from the slab 100 as a unit. In this embodiment, the fork 61 is lowered slightly, and the support beam 300 is pulled out horizontally outward together with the intermediate member 20 and the lower member 30 of the hanging jig 1 . As a result, only the slab 100 remains on the bolster 5 as shown in FIG. 7(e). The lower slab 100 to be demolished can also be removed in the same procedure as in FIGS. 7(b) to 7(e).

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the slab 100 to be dismantled and the support beam 300 can be integrally lifted by a crane, and the slab 100 can be removed. 300 can prevent it. As a result, the slab 100 can be dismantled in a large size. In addition, since the slab 100 to be dismantled is cut while being supported by the support beams 300 and the shoring 200, the slab 100 does not slide down, and the aforementioned wedges and the like are not necessary.

Moreover, since the slab 100 to be demolished is separated from the slabs 100 on both sides so that the cross section of the slab 100 in the thickness direction has a trapezoidal shape with the long side up, the slab 100 to be demolished can be separated from the slabs 100 on both sides. can be supported. Therefore, the shoring 200 can be removed immediately after cutting the slab and does not need to be left for a long period of time.

The removed shoring 200 can be diverted when the lower slab 100 of the slab 100 to be demolished is to be demolished and separated from the slabs 100 on both sides. The slabs 100 to be demolished on the lower stage are positioned so as not to be directly under the slabs 100 to be demolished on the upper stage, so that if the slabs 100 to be demolished on the upper stage fall due to an earthquake or the like, the slabs 100 will be chained together. You can avoid falling.

That is, even if the upper slab 100 to be demolished falls, the slab 100 directly below it is not the above-described lower slab 100 to be demolished, but is firmly supported by the beams 101 as shown in FIG. 8(a). Therefore, the slab 100 immediately below does not drop in a chain reaction. The slab 100 supported by the beams 101 is located on the side of the slab 100 to be demolished in the above procedure. After removing the slab 100, normal procedures can be carried out.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, the shoring 200 can be removed and the slab 100 to be dismantled can be left as it is. Thus, the slab 100 to be demolished and the slabs 100 on both sides of the slab 100 to be dismantled may be connected using the chain 7 which is a wire rod for preventing falling.

In the example of FIG. 8(b), one end of the chain 7 is attached to the sling fitting 13 (see FIG. 6) of the upper member 10 of the hoisting jig 1, and the other end of the chain 7 is attached to the slab on the side of the slab 100 to be demolished. It is attached to the fixture 8 provided in 100 . A hole may be provided in the slab 100 at a position corresponding to the beam 101 , the fixture 8 may be arranged in the hole, and the fixture 8 may be fixed to the beam 101 by welding or the like. If the slab 100 to be dismantled has a rectangular plane, the connecting positions by the chain 7 can be the four corners or a pair of corners located at both ends of the diagonal line. The length of the chain 7 should be set so as not to have slack.

The timing of attaching the chain 7 may be after the slab 100 is cut. This is because if the chain 7 is provided before cutting the slab 100, the chain 7 will interfere with the running of the slab cutter. Before lifting the slab 100 to be demolished, the chain 7 is removed from the fixture 8 . At the same time, the chains 7 may be removed from the sling fittings 13 and removed before the slab 100 is lifted, or the chains 7 may be removed from the sling fittings 13 and removed after the slab 100 is temporarily placed on the ground. good too. The removed chain 7 can be diverted to another dismantled location.

Also, the configuration, shape, etc. of the hanging jig 1 are not limited to those described with reference to FIG. For example, an opening such as a slit may be provided in the plate member 11 of the upper member 10 in order to make the position of the long nut 22 of the intermediate member 20 visible and facilitate the screwing operation of the shaft portion of the headed bolt 40. . It is also possible to omit the intermediate member 20 and sandwich the slab 100 and the support beam 300 between the upper member 10 and the lower member 30. For example, the lower end of the headed bolt 40 may be fixed directly to the lower member 30, or The upper ends of the bolts 50 may be fixed directly to the upper member 10 .

Alternatively, the slab 100 to be demolished may be supported by a self-propelled shoring (not shown), and when the slab 100 is cut, the shoring may be moved in accordance with the movement of the slab cutter. In this case, when cutting the slab 100, it is possible to omit the support of the slab 100 to be demolished by the shoring 200 and the support beams 300 described above.

Further, the arrangement of the support beams 300 is not particularly limited, and for example, the support beams 300 can be arranged in a rectangular frame shape. In addition, if an existing beam (not shown) is in a suitable position and can be used as a support beam, the beam can be supported by the shoring 200 when the slab 100 is cut, and the existing beam and the shoring 200 can be can be used to support the slab 100 to be demolished. Conversely, if there is an existing beam but it is not at an appropriate position, the support beam 300 may be separately arranged at an appropriate position and used. It is also possible to support the support beams 300 and the like by means other than the shoring 200, in which case the shoring 200 is not necessary.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person skilled in the art can conceive of various modifications or modifications within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in the present application, and these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

1: Hanging jig 100: Slab 101: Beam 102: Hole 200: Shoring 300: Support beam

Claims (2)

forming a hole in the slab to be demolished;
providing a support beam on the lower surface of the slab to be demolished at a position corresponding to the hole, and supporting the support beam with a shoring;
The slab to be dismantled is separated from the slabs on both sides so that the section in the thickness direction of the slab has a trapezoidal shape with the long side of a pair of parallel sides facing up, and the shoring is removed. process and
a step of removing the slab to be demolished by lifting the slab to be demolished together with the support beam using a lifting jig arranged using the hole;
A dismantling method characterized by having The removed shoring is used when the lower slab of the slab to be demolished is to be demolished, and the lower slab to be demolished is separated from the slabs on both sides in the same manner as the upper slab to be demolished,
2. The dismantling method according to claim 1, wherein the slab to be dismantled on the lower stage is positioned so as to avoid being directly below the slab to be dismantled on the upper stage.

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