JP2022129642A - Combine-harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a combine-harvester which sets a rotational speed output from a stepless speed variator according to a travel gradient or the like, prevents an excessive load from being applied to an engine and prevents reduction in drive of a reaping device or the like.SOLUTION: A stepless speed variator (27) which performs acceleration/deceleration of an output rotational speed of an engine (E) and changeover in a rotation direction is provided between the engine (E) and a transmission route of the travel device (2). A speed change lever (25) which operates the stepless speed variator (27) is provided on a side panel (11) of a maneuvering part (5). An upper limit rotational speed (V) output from the stepless speed variator (27) is set on the basis of a travel gradient (S) of a machine body frame (1) and a variation weight (W) on the machine body frame (1) in a case where the speed change lever (25) is moved to a neutral attitude. While the speed change lever (25) is moved again to the neutral attitude from the front side gradient attitude or rear side gradient attitude, the upper limit rotational speed (V) is held.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combine harvester equipped with a continuously variable transmission for increasing or decreasing the traveling speed of a traveling device.

2. Description of the Related Art In conventional combine harvesters, a technique is known in which a transmission lever is operated to increase or decrease the traveling speed of a traveling device via a continuously variable transmission in accordance with the state of a field or grain culms. (See Patent Document 1)

JP-A-2000-203468

However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, when the running gradient is large or when the grain tank is full, when the speed change lever is operated and the running speed of the running device is set to the maximum speed via the continuously variable transmission, , there is a risk that the drive of the harvester, etc., will be reduced due to the excessive load on the engine.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to set the rotation speed output from the continuously variable transmission according to the running gradient, etc., to suppress excessive load on the engine, and to reduce the drive of the reaper and the like. To provide a combine harvester that prevents

The present invention, which has solved the above problems, is as follows.
That is, in the invention according to claim 1, a traveling device (2) is provided on the underside of a machine body frame (1) on which an engine (E) and a fuel tank (8) are mounted, and a mowing machine is provided on the front side of the machine body frame (1). A device (3) is provided, a threshing device (4) is provided on the rear left side of the reaping device (3), a control section (5) is provided on the rear right side of the reaping device (3), and the control section (5) is provided In a combine having a grain tank (7) on the rear side,
A continuously variable transmission (27) for increasing/decreasing the output rotational speed of the engine (E) and switching the direction of rotation is provided between the transmission path of the engine (E) and the traveling device (2), and the control unit A speed change lever (25) for operating the continuously variable transmission (27) is provided on the side panel (11) of (5), and the upper limit rotation speed (V) output from the continuously variable transmission (27) is adjusted. , based on the running gradient (S) of the body frame (1) and the variable weight (W) on the body frame (1) when the gear shift lever (25) is moved to the neutral posture, and the gear shift lever The combine harvester is characterized in that the upper limit rotational speed (V) is maintained while (25) moves from the front tilted posture or the rear tilted posture to the neutral posture again.

In the invention according to claim 2, the variable weight (W) is the grain weight (W1) in the grain tank (7) and the fuel weight (W2) in the fuel tank (8). It's a combine.

The invention according to claim 3 is the combine harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotational speed (V) of the continuously variable transmission (27) is set by Equation (1).
(Formula 1) V=V1×(1-W/1000)×(1-S) [rpm]
V1 Maximum rotational speed of continuously variable transmission (27) [rpm]
W fluctuating weight [kg]
S Running gradient [%]

According to the first aspect of the invention, a continuously variable transmission ( 27), a speed change lever (25) for operating the continuously variable transmission (27) is provided on the side panel (11) of the control unit (5), and the upper limit rotation output from the continuously variable transmission (27) is provided. The speed (V) is set based on the running gradient (S) of the machine body frame (1) and the variable weight (W) on the machine body frame (1) when the shift lever (25) is moved to the neutral position, and the speed is changed. Since the upper limit rotational speed (V) is maintained while the lever (25) moves from the front tilted posture or the rear tilted posture to the neutral posture again, the engine (E) and the continuously variable transmission (27) To provide a combine harvester capable of preventing an excessive load from being applied to a harvesting device, etc.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the variable weight (W) is the grain weight (W1) in the grain tank (7) and the fuel tank (8) Since the fuel weight (W2) is used, it is possible to further prevent excessive load from being applied to the engine (E) and the continuously variable transmission (27) based on the grain weight (W1) and the fuel weight (W2), which have large weight fluctuations. can do.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, since the rotation speed (V) of the continuously variable transmission (27) is set by Equation 1, the rotation speed (V) of the continuously variable transmission (27) is By reducing the speed (V) to a lower speed than the maximum rotational speed (V1), it is possible to further prevent excessive load from being applied to the engine (E) and the continuously variable transmission (27).

It is a front view of a combine. It is a top view of a combine. It is a left view of a combine. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a drive mechanism of the harvesting device; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a method of rotating a trunnion shaft of the continuously variable transmission; It is a connection diagram of a control device. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a method of setting the rotation speed of the continuously variable transmission; FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a specific example of a tilt amount of a main transmission lever and a rotation speed of a continuously variable transmission;

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the combine is provided with a traveling device 2 consisting of a pair of left and right crawlers that travels on the soil surface under the body frame 1, and harvests the grain stalks in the field on the front side of the body frame 1. A harvesting device 3 is provided. A threshing device 4 for threshing and sorting the culms harvested by the harvesting device 3 is provided on the rear left side of the harvesting device 3, and a control unit 5 on which an operator rides is provided on the rear right side of the harvesting device 3. It is

An engine room 6 in which an engine E is mounted is provided below the control unit 5, and a grain tank 7 for storing grains threshed and sorted by the threshing device 4 is provided behind the control unit 5. The grains stored in the grain tank 7 are discharged outside by a discharge auger (not shown) connected to the grain tank 7 . A fuel tank 8 for storing fuel to be supplied to the engine E is provided on the rear side of the lower portion of the threshing device 4 .

A front panel 10 is provided in front of the operator's seat of the operating unit 5, and a side panel 11 is provided to the left of the operator's seat.

On the left side of the front panel 10, there is provided a touch panel monitor 20 for displaying the running speed of the running device 2, etc., and inputting the calculation number of the rotation speed V of the continuously variable transmission 27, which will be described later, etc., and on the right side. is provided with an operating lever 21 for operating the turning of the traveling device 2 and the lifting and lowering of the harvesting device 3 .

On the front part of the side panel 11, there is a main transmission lever (“transmission lever” in the claims) 25 for operating a continuously variable transmission 27 for increasing/decreasing the output rotation speed output from the engine E and switching the rotation direction. A sub-transmission lever 26 is provided behind the main transmission lever (“transmission lever” in the claims) 25 to operate a transmission 28 for increasing or decreasing the rotation speed output from the continuously variable transmission 27. ing.

The operating angle of the main gearshift lever 25 is measured by an angle sensor 25A such as a potentiometer attached to the lower portion of the main gearshift lever 25, and the measured value is input to the controller 15. FIG. Further, the operating angle of the sub-transmission lever 26 is measured by an angle sensor such as a potentiometer attached to the lower part of the sub-transmission lever 26 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the output rotational speed output from the engine E is transmitted to the input shaft 31 of the continuously variable transmission 27 via the pulley 30 . The rotational speed transmitted to the input shaft 31 is output to the output shaft 32 after being accelerated or decelerated in the continuously variable transmission 27 .

The rotational speed output to the output shaft 32 is transmitted to the gear 34 via the gear 33 fixed to the output shaft 32 . Note that the gear 34 is rotatably fixed to the output shaft 35 . The rotational speed transmitted to gear 34 is transmitted to counter shaft 37 via gear 36 .

The rotation speed transmitted to the counter shaft 37 is transmitted to the gear 41 via the gear 40 . The rotational speed transmitted to the gear 41 is transmitted to the output shaft 43 via the gear 42 . The rotational speed transmitted to the output shaft 43 is transmitted to the traveling device 2 to drive the traveling device 2 .

The rotational speed transmitted to the counter shaft 37 is interlocked with the gear 52 via a gear 50 or a gear 51 fixed to the counter shaft 37, and the rotational speed transmitted to the gear 52 is transmitted via a key (not shown). It is transmitted to the output shaft 35 .

The gear 52 is formed with gears having different pitch diameters. In this embodiment, the gear 52 includes a gear 52A that engages with the gear 50 and a gear 52B that has a larger pitch diameter than the gear 52A that engages with the gear 51 . Also, the gear 52 moves in the left-right direction on the output shaft 35 via a shifter 53 operated by the sub-transmission lever 26 . As a result, the length of the transmission 28 in the left-right direction can be suppressed, and the size of the transmission device including the continuously variable transmission 27 and the transmission 28 can be reduced.

The rotational speed transmitted to the output shaft 35 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 55 via the clutch 54 . The rotational speed transmitted to the rotating shaft 55 is transmitted to the harvesting device 3 via a pulley 56 fixed to the rotating shaft 55 and a belt (not shown) to drive the harvesting device 3 . As a result, the rotation speed transmitted to the output shaft 35 can be transmitted to the rotation shaft 55 with a simple structure, or the transmission can be interrupted. As the clutch 54, a one-way clutch is used in which the rotational speed transmitted to the output shaft 35 can be transmitted to the rotating shaft 55, but the rotational speed transmitted to the rotating shaft 55 cannot be transmitted to the output shaft 35. preferably.

As shown in FIG. 5, a sector gear 61 is supported on the trunnion shaft 60 of the continuously variable transmission 27, and a gear formed on the outer peripheral portion of the sector gear 61 is provided on the output shaft of the forward motor 62. A gear 62A provided on the output shaft of the motor 63 for reverse movement is engaged with the gear 62A. As a result, the forward motor 62 and the reverse motor 63 are driven based on the measured value of the angle sensor 25A for measuring the operating angle of the main shift lever 25, and the trunnion shaft 60 of the continuously variable transmission 27 is rotated to rotate the engine. It is possible to increase/decrease the output rotation speed output from E and to switch the rotation direction.

FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which the trunnion shaft 60 of the continuously variable transmission 27 is rotated by a forward motor 62 and a reverse motor 63 via a sector gear 61. An arm may be supported on the trunnion shaft 60, and a forward cylinder driven by a forward solenoid and a reverse cylinder driven by a reverse solenoid may be connected to the outer circumference of the arm.

When the main transmission lever 25 is in the neutral position, the rotation speed output from the continuously variable transmission 27 becomes zero. When the main transmission lever 25 is tilted forward from the neutral position, the direction of rotation output from the continuously variable transmission 27 is the same as the direction of rotation transmitted from the engine E, and the tilt angle of the forward tilted position is large. Then, the rotation speed output from the continuously variable transmission 27 increases, and when the tilt angle of the front side tilted attitude decreases, the rotation speed output from the continuously variable transmission 27 decreases. When the main gearshift lever 25 is shifted from the neutral position to the rearward tilted position, the direction of rotation output from the continuously variable transmission 27 is reverse to the direction of rotation transmitted from the engine E, and the rearward tilted position is tilted. As the angle increases, the rotational speed output from the continuously variable transmission 27 increases, and as the tilt angle of the rear tilt posture decreases, the rotational speed output from the continuously variable transmission 27 decreases. The controller 15 drives the forward motor 62 and the reverse motor 63 to increase or decrease the rotation speed of the continuously variable transmission 27 according to the measured value of the angle sensor 25A input to the controller 15.

When the sub-transmission lever 26 is tilted to the low speed position, the rotational speed transmitted from the continuously variable transmission 27 is reduced by the transmission 28 and transmitted to the traveling device 2 and the reaper 3 to tilt it to the medium speed position. In this case, the rotational speed transmitted from the continuously variable transmission 27 is transmitted to the traveling device 2 and the reaper 3 without being increased or decreased, and is transmitted from the continuously variable transmission 27 when tilted to the high speed position. The rotational speed is increased and transmitted to the traveling device 2 and the harvesting device 3 .

<Connection diagram of control device>
As shown in FIG. 6, the control device 15 of the combine is composed of a processing section 16 including a CPU, etc., and a storage section 17 including a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk drive, a flash memory, and the like.

The processing unit 16 drives the forward motor 62 and the reverse motor 63 so that the rotation speed V of the continuously variable transmission 27 is calculated from Equation 1 below.

Formula 1 V=V1×(1-(W1+W2)/1000)×(1-S) [rpm]

Here, V is the rotational speed [rpm] output from the continuously variable transmission 27, V1 is the maximum rotational speed [rpm] output from the continuously variable transmission 27, W1 is the grain weight [kg] of the grain tank 7, W2 is the fuel weight [kg] in the fuel tank 8, S is the running gradient S [%], and the sum of the grain weight [kg] and the fuel weight [kg] is referred to as variable weight [kg] and indicated by W. Note that V1 is determined according to the amount of movement of the main shift lever 25 .

The storage unit 17 stores the grain weight W1, the fuel weight W2, and the running gradient S that are input to the control device 15 when the main transmission lever 25 is in the neutral posture. The stored grain weight W1, fuel weight W2, and running slope S are stored until the main shift lever 25 returns to the neutral position again, and when the main shift lever 25 returns to the neutral position again, at that point are replaced with the new grain weight W1, fuel weight W2, and running gradient S input to the control device 15 in .

On the input side of the control device 15, a tilt sensor 1A for measuring the slope of the body frame 1 provided on the body frame 1, a grain height sensor 7A for detecting the height of the grain in the grain tank 7, A liquid level sensor 8A for detecting the height of the fuel in the fuel tank 8, a monitor 20 for inputting formula 1, the specific gravity of grains, the specific gravity of fuel, etc., and the inclination angle of the main shift lever 25 is measured. An angle sensor 25A is connected via a predetermined input interface circuit. The grain weight W1 is calculated by multiplying the input value of the grain height sensor 7A by the specific gravity of the grain, and the fuel weight [kg] is calculated by multiplying the input value of the liquid level sensor 8A by the specific gravity of the fuel. can be calculated by

A forward motor 62 and a reverse motor 63 for rotating the trunnion shaft 60 of the continuously variable transmission 27 are connected to the output side of the control device 15 via a predetermined output interface circuit.

<How to set the rotation speed of the continuously variable transmission>
As shown in FIG. 7, in step S1, the processing unit 16 of the control device 15 determines whether or not the main shift lever 25 is in the neutral position based on the input value of the angle sensor 25A. If it is determined that the main shift lever 25 is in the neutral position, the process proceeds to step S2, and if it is determined that the main shift lever 25 is in the front side tilted position or the rear side tilted position, step S1 is repeated.

In step S2, the processing unit 16 reads the input values of the tilt sensor 1A, the grain height sensor 7A, and the liquid level sensor 8A, and calculates the running gradient S, the grain weight W1, and the fuel weight W2. and proceed to step S3.

In step S3, the processing unit 16 substitutes the running gradient S, the grain weight W1, and the fuel weight W2 into Equation 1 to calculate the rotation speed V, and proceeds to step S4.

FIG. 8 shows the maximum rotation speed V1 and the rotation speed V calculated in step S3. The V1 line indicates the maximum rotational speed V1. The VA line indicates the rotation speed V when the grain weight W1 of the grains in the grain tank 7 is 50% when the grain weight W1 is full and when the fuel weight W2 of the fuel in the fuel tank 8 is 100% when the weight is full, The VB line indicates the rotation speed V when the grain weight W1 of the grains in the grain tank 7 is 100% when the grain weight W1 is full and the fuel weight W2 of the fuel in the fuel tank 8 is 100% when the weight is full. there is The VC line is when the grain weight W1 of the grains in the grain tank 7 is 50% when it is full, the fuel weight W2 of the fuel in the fuel tank 8 is 100% when it is full, and the running gradient S is The VD line is the 100% weight of the grain in the grain tank 7 when the grain weight W1 is full and the fuel weight W2 of the fuel in the fuel tank 8 is 100% when the fuel weight W2 is full. It shows the rotation speed V when the vehicle is heavy and when the running gradient S is 20%. In this specification, the speed on the VA line is called the rotational speed VA, the speed on the VB line is called the rotational speed VB, the speed on the VC line is called the rotational speed VC, and the speed on the VD line is called the rotational speed VD. . The vertical axis in FIG. 8 indicates a value obtained by converting the rotation speed of the continuously variable transmission 27 into the travel speed [m/s] of the travel device 2 .

In the present embodiment, when the main transmission lever 25 is tilted from the neutral posture to the forward tilting posture by 10% with respect to the maximum forward tilting, the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 at the maximum rotational speed V1 and the rotational speeds VA to VD is 0 m/s. As a result, a dead zone region is formed before and after the neutral posture of the main shift lever 25, and the main shift lever 25 can be easily operated.

When the main transmission lever 25 is tilted from the neutral position to the forward tilting position by 11% with respect to the maximum forward tilting, the A to E speeds are substantially the same, and the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 at the maximum rotation speed V1 is 0. .3 m/s, the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 with the rotational speed VA is set at 0.3 m/s, the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 with the rotational speed VB is set at 0.2 m/s, and the rotational speed The traveling speed of the traveling device 2 of VC is set to 0.2 m/s, and the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 of the rotational speed VD is set to 0.2 m/s.

When the main shift lever 25 is tilted from the neutral posture to the forward tilting posture by 11% to 100%, the maximum rotation speed V1 and the rotation speeds VA to VD are linearly increased.

When the main transmission lever 25 is tilted from the neutral position to the forward tilting position by 100% with respect to the maximum forward tilting position, the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 at the maximum rotation speed V1 is set to 2.5 m/s, and the rotation The traveling speed of the traveling device 2 with the speed VA is set to 2.3 m/s, the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 with the rotational speed VB is set at 2.1 m/s, and the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 with the rotational speed VC is set to It is set to 1.8 m/s, and the traveling speed of the traveling device 2 with the rotation speed VD is set to 1.7 m/s. As a result, the rotation speed V of the continuously variable transmission 27 can be set according to the grain weight W1 of the grains stored in the grain tank 7, the fuel weight W2 stored in the fuel tank 8, and the running gradient S. and the continuously variable transmission 27 can be prevented from being subjected to an excessive load.

In step S4, the processing unit 16 drives the forward motor 62 and the reverse motor 63 based on the calculated rotational speed V, and proceeds to step S5. Note that when the grain weight W1, the fuel weight W2, and the running gradient S are all zero, the rotation speed V becomes the maximum rotation speed V1.

In step S5, the processing unit 16 determines whether or not the main shift lever 25 is in the neutral posture based on the input value of the angle sensor 25A. Returning to S1, if it is determined that the main shift lever 25 is positioned in the front tilted posture or the rear tilted posture, the process returns to step S4. As a result, the rotation speed V can be maintained constant for a predetermined period of time even when the running gradient S or the like changes due to unevenness in the field, and the stability of the running speed of the running device 2 is maintained via the continuously variable transmission 27. can do.

1 body frame 2 travel device 3 reaping device 4 threshing device 5 control unit 7 grain tank 8 fuel tank 11 side panel 25 main gear shift lever (shift lever)
27 Continuously variable transmission E Engine S Driving gradient V Rotation speed V1 Maximum rotation speed W Variable weight W1 Grain weight W2 Fuel weight

Claims (3)

A traveling device (2) is provided on the underside of a body frame (1) on which an engine (E) and a fuel tank (8) are mounted, and a harvesting device (3) is provided on the front side of the body frame (1). A threshing device (4) is provided on the rear left side of (3), a control section (5) is provided on the rear right side of the harvesting device (3), and a grain tank (7) is provided on the rear side of the control section (5). in a combine harvester
A continuously variable transmission (27) for increasing/decreasing the output rotational speed of the engine (E) and switching the direction of rotation is provided between the transmission path of the engine (E) and the traveling device (2),
A shift lever (25) for operating the continuously variable transmission (27) is provided on the side panel (11) of the control section (5),
The upper limit rotation speed (V) output from the continuously variable transmission (27) and the running gradient (S) of the body frame (1) when the gear shift lever (25) is moved to the neutral posture and the body set based on the variable weight (W) on the frame (1),
A combine harvester characterized in that the upper limit rotational speed (V) is maintained while the speed change lever (25) moves from the front tilted posture or the rear tilted posture to the neutral posture again. 2. A combine according to claim 1, wherein the variable weight (W) is the grain weight (W1) in the grain tank (7) and the fuel weight (W2) in the fuel tank (8). The combine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotational speed (V) of said continuously variable transmission (27) is set by Equation (1).
(Formula 1) V=V1×(1-W/1000)×(1-S) [rpm]
V1 Maximum rotational speed of continuously variable transmission (27) [rpm]
W fluctuating weight [kg]
S Running gradient [%]

Images