JP2024004648A - Harvesting work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To continue travel or work by bearing increase in a load without releasing an energy saving mode even when the engine rotational frequency is reduced due to increase in the load in a case where engine control is turned into the energy saving mode and an engine is used at a frequency near the highest rotational frequency.

SOLUTION: There is provided an engine output control device which has an energy saving output mode S in which the rotation output characteristics of an engine E have smaller fuel consumption than a normal output mode N, which includes energy saving mode setting means 148 which appropriately sets the energy saving output mode S, in which the output characteristics of the energy saving output mode S becomes the maximum output before the highest rotational frequency, and the output is slightly reduced at the highest rotational frequency.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

COPYRIGHT: (C)2024,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a harvesting machine that travels in a field to harvest agricultural products such as grains such as rice and wheat.

The combine harvester described in Patent Document 1 as a harvesting machine for agricultural products uses power from an engine mounted on the vehicle body to drive a traveling device and also to drive harvesting function parts of a reaping device and a threshing device. The fuel supplied to this engine is stored in a fuel tank, and a monitor installed in the cockpit displays the amount of fuel remaining, and also displays the amount of time that harvesting can be done using the remaining fuel.

JP 2019-170192 Publication

The above-mentioned combine harvester displays the harvesting time during which harvesting can be performed with the fuel remaining in the fuel tank, so it is possible to predict the area of the field that can be harvested with one refueling, but it is also possible to predict the area of the field that can be harvested with one refueling. The amount of fuel consumed varies depending on the situation, and there may be cases where the planned field is about to finish harvesting due to a fuel shortage and the harvesting operation in the field must be abandoned.

An object of the present invention is to prevent the need to interrupt harvesting work in a field to refuel due to fuel shortage, and to enable the aircraft to be moved to a refueling point near the field in the worst case scenario.

The above problems of the present invention are solved by the following technical means.

The invention according to claim 1 is a harvesting machine that performs harvesting work in a field by driving the harvesting function parts 3 and 4 while driving the traveling device 2, and is provided with a fuel sensor 40 for detecting the remaining amount of fuel. The harvesting machine is characterized in that the maximum rotational speed of the engine E is controlled to be lowered to a predetermined rotational speed when the remaining amount reaches a predetermined residual amount.

The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a harvesting function clutch 16 for intermittent driving of the harvesting function units 3 and 4, and when the remaining fuel amount reaches a predetermined level when the harvesting function clutch 16 is engaged, the maximum rotational speed of the engine E is set. The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the harvesting machine performs control to reduce the rotation speed to a predetermined rotation speed.

The invention of claim 3 sets the rotation speed to a predetermined first maximum rotation speed when the harvesting function clutch 16 that connects and disconnects the drive of the harvesting function sections 3 and 4 is set to a predetermined first maximum rotation speed, and when the harvesting function clutch 16 is disengaged, the second rotation speed is set to a lower speed. The harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the harvesting machine has a maximum rotation speed.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides the harvesting machine according to the first aspect, characterized in that an output limit switch 27 for setting the maximum rotational speed of the engine E is provided.

A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a harvesting machine characterized in that a weight sensor 49 is provided on the swinging shelf 52 of the threshing device 4, and the wind force of the winnower 51 is controlled based on the weight detected by the weight sensor 49.

A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a harvesting machine that detects the moisture content of grains stored in the grain tank 7 and controls the wind force of the winnow 51.

In the invention of claim 1, when the fuel sensor 40 detects that a predetermined amount of fuel remains, the maximum rotational speed of the engine E is lowered to a predetermined rotational speed to continue working or traveling at a low speed for a long time. This makes it possible to reach the refueling point even while driving at low speed with the remaining fuel, so refueling work can be done in the field without having to stop harvesting work due to fuel shortages. There is no hassle to do it.

In the invention of claim 2, when the harvesting function clutch 16 is engaged to drive the harvesting functions 3 and 4, a large amount of fuel is consumed, but when the remaining amount of fuel reaches a predetermined amount, the engine E Harvesting work can be continued for a long time even though the processing power of the harvesting function parts 3 and 4 is lowered by lowering the maximum rotational speed, and a refueling point near the field can be reached.

In the invention of claim 3, when the harvesting function unit clutch 16 is engaged and the harvesting function units 3 and 4 are driven, a lot of fuel is consumed, but the engine E is set at a predetermined first maximum rotation speed. Therefore, if the harvesting of the field is about to end, the harvesting function unit 3, 4 can continue harvesting work and move to the refueling point while reducing the processing power of the harvesting function unit 3, 4, and the harvesting function unit clutch 16 can be disengaged to drive. If you are driving only at low speed, you can travel a long distance to reach the refueling point.

In the invention of claim 4, when the worker notices that the fuel is low and the harvesting work can be completed by driving a short distance, by turning on the output limit switch 27, the worker can start the harvesting operation while driving at low speed. You can finish harvesting before you run out of fuel.

In the invention as claimed in claim 5, the grains are sorted by adjusting the air volume of the winch 51 based on the weight change of the weight sensor 28, which indicates that the threshing material accumulated on the swinging rack 52 of the threshing device 4 is wet. Can be set optimally.

In the invention as claimed in claim 6, by adjusting the air volume of the winnower 51 according to the moisture content of the grains stored in the grain tank 7, it is possible to optimally set the grain sorting based on the moisture content, and to use data on the moisture content. It can also be used for drying settings for grain drying.

FIG. 1 is a left side view of a combine harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a combine harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a front view of the combine harvester of embodiment in this invention. FIG. 2 is a rear view of a combine harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged side view showing the weight detection sensor of the grain tank of the combine of an embodiment in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a swing sorting shelf of a combine harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a related side view which shows the interlocking|coupling of the throttle lever and the grain discharge lever of the combine of embodiment in this invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of automatic control of a combine harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart figure of engine rotation control of the combine harvester of embodiment in this invention. It is a flowchart figure of engine rotation control of the combine harvester of embodiment in this invention. It is a flowchart figure of engine rotation control of the combine harvester of embodiment in this invention. It is a flowchart figure of the wind power control of the winnow of the threshing device of the combine harvester of embodiment in this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to examples shown in the drawings. In the description of the embodiments, the left and right directions in the forward direction of the aircraft body are referred to as left and right, respectively, the forward direction is referred to as forward, and the reverse direction is referred to as rear, but this is not intended to limit the configuration of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a combine harvester shown as a harvesting machine for agricultural products is provided with a traveling device 2 consisting of a pair of left and right crawlers running on the soil surface on the lower side of the body frame 1, and on the front side of the body frame 1. A reaping device 3 for reaping grain culms in the field is provided, a threshing device 4 for threshing and sorting the harvested grain culms is provided on the rear left side of the reaping device 3, and a threshing device 4 for threshing and sorting the harvested grain culms is provided on the rear right side of the reaping device 3. A control section 5 on which an operator rides is provided.

An engine room 6 in which an engine E is mounted is provided below the control section 5, and a grain tank 7 for storing threshed and sorted grains is provided at the rear of the control section 5. A discharge auger 8 is provided on the rear side, which includes a vertical discharge tube extending in the vertical direction and a horizontal discharge tube extending in the front-rear direction for discharging grains to the outside.

A front panel 13 is provided at the front of the control unit 5, on which a control lever 11 for controlling the rotation of the traveling device 2 and raising and lowering the reaping device 3, a monitor 12 for displaying the traveling speed of the traveling device 2, etc. are arranged. ing. When turning the traveling device 2 in the left-right direction, the operation lever 11 is tilted in the left-right direction from the neutral position, and when the reaping device 3 is raised and lowered in the vertical direction, the operation lever 11 is tilted in the front-rear direction from the neutral position. Manipulate. A parking brake pedal 14 for operating the parking brake of the traveling device 2 is provided at the lower left side of the front panel 13 of the control unit 5 . Further, on the left side of the control section 5, there is a gear shift lever 15 that operates the forward, stop, reverse, etc. of the traveling device 2, a reaping lever 16 that operates the switching between starting and stopping of the reaping device 3 and the threshing device 4, etc. A side panel 17 is provided.

FIG. 5 shows an installation configuration of a load cell 59 that detects the weight of grains accumulated in the grain tank 7. A male screw of a support rod 57 of a lifting table 56 is screwed into a female threaded portion of a pedestal 55 provided on the body frame 1, so that the height of the lifting table 56 can be adjusted with a lock nut 60. A load cell tray 58 on which a load cell 59 is placed is placed on the lifting table 56. Therefore, the weight detection of the grain tank 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightening position of the lock nut 60 from below the body frame 1 and moving the load cell 59 up and down.

FIG. 6 is a top perspective view of the swinging shelf 52 of the threshing device 4, in which a layer thickness sensor 48 and a weight sensor 49 are provided on the upper surface of the front part to detect the weight and thickness of the threshed material to be supplied. It is used to control the air volume and direction of 51. Although the positions of the layer thickness sensor 48 and the weight sensor 49 may be shifted to the left or right, the density of the threshed material can be detected by overlapping them at the same position.

FIG. 7 shows an interlocking mechanism between the throttle lever 62 of the engine E and the discharge lever 68 of the grain tank 7. By connecting the lever pin 65 and cam stop pin 66 on the throttle lever 62 side and the cam 67 on the discharge lever 68 side with the interlocking plate 64, when the discharge lever 68 is operated to discharge grains from the grain tank 7, the throttle lever 62 rotates, the engine E rotates at high speed, and grains can be discharged smoothly.

Next, control regarding the remaining amount of fuel accumulated in the fuel tank and the rotation control of the engine E will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 8, the input side of the controller (control device) 30 includes remaining amount data of a fuel sensor 40 that measures the remaining amount of fuel in the fuel tank, and rotation of an engine rotation sensor 33 that measures the number of rotations of the engine E. input signal to a work clutch switch (also referred to as a work switch) 34, which is turned on and off by turning on and off the mower lever 16, and a fuel efficiency switch 35 that limits the maximum rotational speed of the engine E to enable low fuel consumption work. input signals, a layer thickness sensor 48 for detecting the thickness of the threshed material on the swinging shelf 52, which is a swinging sorting shelf of the threshing device 4, a processed material weight sensor 49 for detecting the weight of the threshed material, and a processing material weight sensor 49 for detecting the weight of the threshed material; An input signal from a moisture sensor 41 for the processed material that detects the moisture content is connected to the output side of the controller (control device) 30. A control signal and a rotation control signal for the winch 51 are connected.

Next, the rotation control of the engine E when the fuel becomes low and approaches the work continuation limit will be explained.

To explain with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, the fuel sensor 40 detects the amount of fuel stored in step S01, and in step S02 it is determined whether the remaining fuel is below a predetermined remaining amount. If YES, step S03 is performed. It is determined whether the work switch (harvesting function clutch 16) is on or off, and if YES, the maximum rotation speed (upper limit value) of the engine E is set in step S04, the rotation speed of the engine E is detected in step S05, It is determined whether the engine speed in step S06 is below the upper limit value, and if NO, an engine speed reduction signal in step S07 is output based on the engine E rotation control program installed in the control device 30, and step S08 to reduce the rotation speed of engine E to below the upper limit value.

As a result, when there is little fuel remaining during work, the control device automatically reduces the engine speed to the upper limit, reducing fuel consumption and allowing work to continue until the process is completed. Therefore, the quality of harvested products is prevented from deteriorating due to changes in the weather or delays in harvesting.

The flowchart in FIG. 10 shows rotation control in which the maximum rotational speed of the engine E is changed by turning on and off the work switch (harvesting function clutch 16). In step S11, the fuel sensor 40 detects the amount of fuel stored, and in step S12 It is determined whether the remaining fuel is below a predetermined level, and if YES, it is determined whether the work switch (harvesting function clutch 16) is turned on or off in step S13, and if it is turned on, the maximum rotation of the engine E is set in step S14. The engine speed is set to the first maximum rotation speed, the rotation speed of the engine E is detected again in step S15, it is determined in step S16 whether the engine rotation speed is equal to or higher than the first maximum rotation speed, and if YES, the rotation speed of the engine E is determined in step S18. An engine rotation speed reduction signal is output based on the engine E rotation control program, and in step S19 the engine E rotation speed is decreased and the process returns to before step S15. If NO, the continuously variable transmission 50 is set to low speed in step S17. Shift to.

Further, if it is determined that the work switch (harvesting function clutch 16) is turned on or off in step S13, the maximum rotation speed of the engine E is set to a second maximum rotation speed lower than the first maximum rotation speed in step S20. , the rotational speed of the engine E is detected again in step S21, and it is determined in step S22 whether the engine rotational speed is equal to or higher than the second maximum rotational speed, and if YES, an engine rotational speed reduction signal is sent to the rotational speed of the engine E in step S24. The output is output based on the control program, and the rotation speed of the engine E is lowered in step S25, and the process returns to before step S21. If NO, the continuously variable transmission is shifted to a low speed in step S23.

The flowchart in FIG. 11 shows rotation control when the output limit switch 27 is provided, in which the fuel sensor 40 detects the amount of fuel stored in step S31, determines whether the remaining fuel is below a predetermined amount in step S32, and In step S33, the operation of the output limit switch 27 is accepted, and if it is operated, that is, YES, in step S34, it is determined whether the output limit switch 27 is on, and in step S35, the work switch (harvest function clutch 16) is turned on or off. If it is turned on, the maximum rotational speed of the engine E is set to the first maximum rotational speed in step S36, the rotational speed of the engine E is detected again in step S37, and the engine rotational speed in step S38 is set to the first maximum rotational speed. It is determined whether the rotation speed is higher than the maximum rotation speed, and if YES, an engine rotation speed reduction signal is outputted in step S39 based on the engine E rotation control program, and the engine E rotation speed is lowered in step S40 before proceeding to step S37. If the answer is NO, the continuously variable transmission is shifted to a low speed in step S41.

Further, if it is determined that the work switch (harvesting function clutch 16) is turned on or off in step S35, the maximum rotation speed of the engine E is set to a second maximum rotation speed lower than the first maximum rotation speed in step S42. , the rotational speed of the engine E is detected again in step S43, and it is determined in step S44 whether the engine rotational speed is equal to or higher than the second maximum rotational speed, and if YES, an engine rotational speed reduction signal is sent to the rotational speed of the engine E in step S46. The output is output based on the control program, and the rotation speed of the engine E is lowered in step S47, and the process returns to before step S43. If NO, the continuously variable transmission is shifted to a low speed in step S45.

As a result, when the grain culm to be harvested is wet, it is possible to prevent the engine rotation speed from decreasing and failure to reap or thresh the grain. Deterioration in product quality is prevented.

Furthermore, in agricultural fields such as wet fields where the running load is high, the running torque is prevented from decreasing and making it impossible to move.

The flowchart in FIG. 12 shows the wind force control of the winnowing machine 51, and the wind power of the winnowing machine is controlled by the detection signals of the layer thickness sensor 48 and weight sensor 49 provided on the swinging shelf 52.

In step S51, the layer thickness sensor 48 detects the layer thickness of the threshed material accumulated on the rocking shelf 52, in step S52 the weight of the threshed material is detected, and in step S53, the detected data is determined, and the layer thickness is determined to be a predetermined value. If the weight is within the range and above a predetermined value, a wind power reinforcement signal for the winnowing machine is outputted in step S54. Further, if the layer thickness exceeds a predetermined range and the weight is less than a predetermined value, a winnow wind force maintenance signal is output in step S55.

Further, if the layer thickness and weight are in a proportional relationship, it is determined in step S56 whether the layer thickness and weight are increasing or decreasing, and if the layer thickness and weight are increasing, a wind power reinforcement signal for the karachi is output in step S57, and if it is decreasing, step S57 is performed. At S58, a wind force attenuation signal for the Karasaki is output.

This prevents wet impurities from being harvested together with the paddy due to insufficient wind power, or from being too strong and causing the paddy to be blown away, resulting in grain loss.

E Engine 3 Harvesting function section (reaping device)
4 Harvesting function section (threshing device)
16 Harvesting function clutch (harvesting lever)
27 Output limit switch 48 Layer thickness sensor 49 Weight sensor 51 Karaoke 52 Swing shelf

Claims (6)

In a harvesting machine that performs harvesting work in a field by driving a harvesting function part (3, 4) while driving a traveling device (2),
A harvesting machine characterized by being provided with a fuel sensor (40) for detecting the remaining amount of fuel, and controlling the maximum rotation speed of the engine (E) to be reduced to a predetermined rotation speed when the remaining fuel amount reaches a predetermined amount. . A harvesting function clutch (16) is provided for intermittent driving of the harvesting function unit (3, 4), and when the remaining fuel reaches a predetermined level when the harvesting function clutch (16) is engaged, the engine (E) will rotate at its maximum speed. The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the harvesting machine is controlled to reduce the number of rotations to a predetermined number. When the harvesting function clutch (16) which intermittents the drive of the harvesting function parts (3, 4) is engaged, the rotation speed is set to a predetermined first maximum rotation speed;
The harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that when the harvesting function clutch (16) is disengaged, the second maximum rotational speed is set to a lower speed. The harvesting machine according to claim 1, further comprising an output limit switch (27) for setting the maximum rotation speed of the engine (E). A harvesting machine characterized in that a weight sensor (49) is provided on a swinging shelf (52) of a threshing device (4), and the wind force of a winnow (51) is controlled by the weight detected by the weight sensor (49). A harvesting machine that detects the moisture content of grains stored in a grain tank (7) and controls the wind power of a winnow (51).