JP2022112117A - On-land culture apparatus and culture method for fish and shellfish - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an on-land culture apparatus and culture method for fish and shellfish, capable of efficiently purifying sea water for culturing fish and shellfish using enteromorpha prolifera.SOLUTION: An on-land culture apparatus 100 for fish and shellfish comprises: a culture tank 1 for fish and shellfish; a sea weed growing tank 3 that is connected to the culture tank 1 and purifies sea water using sea weeds; and pumps 7 for supplying sea water between the culture tank 1 and the growing tank 3. The growing tank 3 is a water tank in which enteromorpha prolifera is grown as a sea weed for purifying sea water. The enteromorpha prolifera in the growing tank 3 grows by taking, as a fertilizer, excretion of fish and shellfish included in sea water supplied from the culture tank 1. The grown enteromorpha prolifera absorbs carbon dioxide in sea water and discharges oxygen to perform purification. The culture tank 1 cultures fish and shellfish using sea water purified by the enteromorpha prolifera in the growing tank 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Applied for application of Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act Publication date: November 27, 2020 Publication: Tokushima Shimbun [November 27, 2020 morning edition] Page 8 Publisher: Tokushima Shimbun Company Publication date: December 4, 2020 Publication: Tokushima Shimbun [December 4, 2020 morning edition] Page 3 Publisher: Tokushima Shimbun, General Incorporated Association Date: December 2020 24th Meeting name: Tokushima New Business Support Award Venue: Tokushima New Business Council (2-21-2 Higashisenba-cho, Tokushima Prefecture, Awa Gin Sumitomo Life Building 3F) Date of issue: December 25, 2nd year of Reiwa Daily Publication: Nihon Keizai Shimbun [December 25, 2020 morning edition] Page 39 Publisher: Nikkei Inc.

The present invention relates to a land-based aquaculture apparatus and method for purifying seawater in aquaculture tanks for raising fish and shellfish with seaweed.

Devices and methods for purifying seawater in fish and shellfish culture tanks with seaweed have been developed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). The above patent documents disclose an abalone farming method and system for purifying seawater in a farming tank with seaweed. In these aquaculture systems, an algae culture apparatus is connected to a breeding tank, which is a water tank for cultivating abalone. An algae cultivation apparatus is an apparatus for artificially cultivating green algae such as sea lettuce. In this algae cultivation apparatus, green algae are cultivated using sunlight or the like, and when the sunlight is weak during rainy or cloudy weather, an artificial LED light irradiation lamp is used. Sea lettuce or the like is used as the green algae cultured here. The sea lettuce in the algae cultivation apparatus absorbs carbon dioxide, nitrate nitrogen, and phosphate phosphorus, and further generates oxygen through photosynthesis, which is supplied to breeding seawater.

This publication discloses a technique for purifying seawater by breeding sea lettuce, but this method cannot efficiently purify seawater for cultivating seafood, and requires a large-capacity growth tank for purification. Fish and shellfish farming in aquaculture tanks is a highly efficient method of cultivating fish and shellfish at high densities, so the seawater is extremely polluted by fish and shellfish effluent. cannot be realized. Furthermore, since a land-based aquaculture apparatus is provided with a culture tank and a growth tank on a limited site, it is required to have the characteristic of efficiently purifying the seawater in the growth tank in the smallest possible growth tank.

JP 2016-208890 A JP 2015-89348 A

The present invention was developed for the purpose of overcoming the above drawbacks, and one object of the present invention is to provide a land-based aquaculture apparatus and a method for cultivating fish and shellfish that can efficiently purify seawater for cultivating fish and shellfish by means of sujiaonori. to provide.

Means for solving the problem and effects of the invention

An apparatus for terrestrial aquaculture of fish and shellfish according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a fish and shellfish aquaculture tank, a seaweed growth tank connected to the fish and shellfish culture tank for purifying seawater with seaweed, and a seaweed between the aquaculture tank and the growth tank. and a pump for supplying seawater. The growth tank is a tank in which sujiaonori is grown on seaweed that purifies seawater. Carbon dioxide in seawater is absorbed and oxygen is released to purify the seawater, and fish and shellfish are cultivated in the seawater that has been purified by the seawater in the breeding tank.

In the apparatus described above, Pleurotus laver, which grows and reproduces in the growth tank, absorbs and purifies the organic matter, which is the excretion of fish and shellfish, as fertilizer. The sujiaonori in seawater grows by absorbing the organic matter emitted by fish and shellfish as fertilizer. The growing sujiaonori absorbs carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, releases oxygen, and supplies it to the seawater. Seawater, in which the concentration of organic matter in fish and shellfish has decreased and the concentration of oxygen has increased, is purified to a comfortable state for fish and shellfish to live in. In particular, sujiaonori has an ideal form for purifying seawater, so it can be used as an additional product in addition to seafood as a seaweed that is extremely expensive and has high commercial value. There is a very high economic effect that it can be sold. This is because sujiaonori is not a flat seaweed like sea lettuce, but has a shape in which countless fine lines are connected radially, and the surface of the lines has countless fine hair root-like irregularities. This is because the contact area with the is extremely large. Also, in seawater, the elongated muscle oscillates and moves relative to the seawater. The seaweed has a large contact area with the seawater and also has a large relative movement with the seawater. It grows by efficiently absorbing organic matter, which is the excretion of fish and shellfish, and also efficiently releases oxygen into the seawater to purify the seawater. do. In addition, the above-mentioned device has the advantages of being able to rear seaweed in three dimensions by using sea lettuce, unlike sea lettuce, efficiently using the space in the aquarium, and improving productivity in a small space. While sea lettuce is a planar seaweed that grows by adhering to the bottom or wall surface of the tank, sujiaonori is raised in a floating manner without adhering to the bottom or wall surface of the tank, making it possible to effectively use the tank three-dimensionally. This is because it increases the production amount per volume and contributes to space reduction.

In addition to the above features, the fact that the grown and propagated Pleurotus laver can be taken out of the growth tank and sold as an expensive product will realize extremely high economic effects in aquaculture management. Sujiaonori can be found in brackish to seawater where freshwater and seawater are mixed, and is characterized by an elegant scent of the sea and a texture that melts in your mouth. On the other hand, sea lettuce has an inferior aroma and flavor, and the leaves are thick and the texture remains in the mouth, so it is used for okonomiyaki. Sujiaonori is sold at a price nearly ten times higher than that of sea lettuce. In addition, since sujiaonori reproduces in a shorter period of time than farmed fishery products, it is possible to collect and sell them more frequently than fishery products, which also realizes a high economic effect. Seafood farming takes a long time to grow to a size that can be sold, and cannot be commercialized in a short period of time. For example, abalone farming cannot be shipped as a product for 1 to 3 years after the start of farming, so it is extremely difficult to obtain cash flow during this period, which makes management of the farming industry difficult. In land-based aquaculture, where water temperature can be controlled, the growth period of sujiaonori, which reproduces in a short period of time, is short, and it can be sold as a high-priced product many times until the seafood grows. , being able to sell sujiaonori is perfect for achieving favorable cash flow. More preferably, the sujiaonori that propagates in the growth tank grows using the excretion of fish and shellfish as fertilizer, so that the production cost of the sujiaonori can be remarkably reduced while propagating on land. This, together with the high selling price of sujiaonori, achieves an extremely high economic effect.

A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to another embodiment of the present invention further comprises a foam separation tank for separating part of the effluent in the seawater into foam. A foam separation tank includes a bubbling device for supplying air bubbles to seawater in the foam separation tank, and an air pump for supplying air to the bubbling device.

The apparatus described above can evenly disperse the discharge of fish and shellfish floating in the seawater from the aquaculture tank by the air bubbles that rise due to the bubbling of the foam separation tank. The evenly distributed effluent of fish and shellfish is supplied to the entire growth tank as fertilizer, so that the sujiaonori can efficiently propagate and purify the seawater. In addition, the foam separation tank floats the discharge of fish and shellfish to the surface of the liquid so that part of the discharge can be removed and discarded. Fish and shellfish are cultivated at a high density in aquaculture tanks, and seawater is extremely polluted by fish and shellfish effluents. Therefore, in addition to purifying the seawater by using the seaweed in the growth tank, it is possible to further purify the seawater in the foam separation tank, thereby realizing efficient and stable aquaculture. In addition, the ability to contribute to the purification of seawater with a small-sized foam separation tank leads to a reduction in the space required for the entire land-based aquaculture apparatus, which contributes to the efficiency and cost reduction of aquaculture.

According to another embodiment of the land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfishes of the present invention, the growth tank is provided with a stirring mechanism for stirring seawater in the growth tank with floating air bubbles. The agitating mechanism comprises an ejector with an open exhaust port for supplying air bubbles into the seawater of the growth tank, and a blower for supplying air to the ejector.

The above equipment suppresses the entanglement of the laver and the adhesion to the stirring mechanism in the seawater of the growth tank, uniformly disperses the laver in the seawater, further stirs the seawater, and moves the laver and the seawater relative to each other. In addition, it has the advantage of being able to purify seawater extremely efficiently with Sujiaonori. This is because bubbles floating in the seawater agitate the seawater in the growth tank.

In another embodiment of the land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish of the present invention, the opening area of the exhaust port opening to the discharger of the stirring mechanism is 10 mm ² or more.

The releaser for supplying air bubbles to the growth tank of the land-based aquaculture apparatus can release large air bubbles into the seawater from the exhaust port of the stirring mechanism. Large air bubbles have high buoyancy and quickly float in seawater to efficiently agitate the seawater in the growth tank. Seawater that is efficiently stirred by large bubbles can be dispersed evenly in seawater without entangling floating laver. Efficiently purify seawater. This is extremely important for the growth of Pleurotus purpurea and the purification of seawater in the growth tank. It has a feature that it has a large contact area with seawater, but it is extremely easy to get entangled in a form in which countless streaky seaweeds are radially connected, and in seawater, it adheres to rocks and grows. This is because it has the property of easily adhering to contact objects in the growth tank. Furthermore, the above device has a structure in which the opening area of the discharge port of the discharger is increased to allow air to pass through smoothly. can be supplied into the seawater to efficiently purify the seawater in the growth tank with a blower with low power consumption.

In another embodiment of the land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish of the present invention, the opening area of the exhaust port opening to the discharger of the stirring mechanism is 100 mm ² or more.

The land-based aquaculture apparatus described above discharges even larger bubbles into the seawater, agitates the seawater in the growth tank more efficiently, and disperses the floating laver in the seawater without entangling it, thereby bringing the seawater and the laver into contact with each other. can be further improved to more effectively purify seawater. In addition, the above device allows the vent of the ejector to be opened wider to allow air to pass through more smoothly and reduce the pressure drop across the ejector. Therefore, the blower that supplies air to the discharger efficiently blows a large amount of air to supply countless large air bubbles into the seawater, and the seawater in the growth tank is efficiently agitated to effectively purify the seawater.

In another embodiment of the land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfishes of the present invention, the stirring mechanism has an air conveying pipe connecting the blower to the ejector, and the open end of the conveying pipe is the exhaust port of the ejector. is.

The land-based aquaculture equipment described above exhausts air from the tip of the conveying pipe and supplies large bubbles to the seawater in the growth tank. There is a feature that can prevent streaks from adhering to. In the growth tank, if a discharger provided with a plurality of exhaust ports is arranged, the surface of the growth tank will adhere to the surface, and the purifying action of the seawater due to the adhered laver will decrease. This is because the laver that adheres to the surface is arranged in a flat plane, so that the effect of contact with seawater is reduced compared to the laver that swims in seawater, and the purifying action of seawater is reduced.

In another embodiment of the land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish of the present invention, the conveying pipe is a plastic pipe for water supply piping having an inner diameter of 13 mmφ to 21 mmφ.

The above equipment can create a stirring mechanism using plastic pipes for water supply such as PVC pipes (rigid polyvinyl chloride pipes) and polyethylene pipes. The agitating mechanism has an optimum shape using commercially available parts, and large air bubbles are supplied by discharging air into the seawater from the tip of the plastic pipe or from the elbow or cheese opening connected to the plastic pipe. As a result, seawater can be efficiently agitated and purified with sujiaonori, and manufacturing costs and processing labor can be reduced, and a stirring mechanism that can efficiently agitate seawater can be manufactured at low cost.

According to another embodiment of the land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfishes of the present invention, the aquaculture tank is provided with an aeration mechanism for supplying oxygen to seawater. The aeration mechanism includes an ejector having countless ejection openings for ejecting fine air bubbles into the seawater of the culture tank, and an air pump for supplying pressurized air to the ejector. It spouts finer bubbles than the bubbles spouted in seawater.

The above-described device blows out fine air bubbles in the aquaculture tank, aerates the air, increases the oxygen concentration in the seawater, and can cultivate fish and shellfish.

In another embodiment of the land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish of the present invention, the aquaculture tank is a shellfish aquaculture tank.

In another embodiment of the land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish of the present invention, the aquaculture tank is an abalone culture tank.

Another embodiment of the method for cultivating seafood of the present invention is a method for cultivating seafood by circulating seawater in an aquaculture tank for cultivating seafood to a seaweed growth tank, wherein the seaweed is grown in the growth tank. At the same time, the seawater in the growth tank is agitated by floating air bubbles to disperse the sujiaonori in the seawater, and the sujiaonori dispersed in the seawater uses the excretion of fish and shellfish contained in the seawater supplied from the culture tank as fertilizer. It grows, absorbs carbon dioxide in the seawater and supplies oxygen to purify the seawater, and supplies the seawater purified in the growth tank to the culture tank.

In the land-based aquaculture method described above, the striped laver growing in the growth tank absorbs and purifies the organic matter discharged from the fish and shellfish. The sujiaonori in seawater grows by absorbing the organic matter emitted by fish and shellfish as fertilizer. The growing sujiaonori absorbs carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, releases oxygen, and supplies it to the seawater. Seawater, in which the concentration of organic matter in fish and shellfish has decreased and the concentration of oxygen has increased, is purified to a comfortable state for fish and shellfish to live in. In particular, in addition to having an extremely large contact area with seawater compared to sea lettuce, streaky seaweed sways in seawater and moves relative to seawater. The seaweed has a large contact area with seawater and moves relative to the seawater. It grows by efficiently absorbing organic matter in seawater, and also efficiently releases oxygen into seawater to effectively purify seawater. It also has the advantage of being able to take out the grown and propagated sujiaonori from the growth tank and sell it as an expensive product. Furthermore, since the sujiaonori grown in the growth tank can be propagated without supplying fertilizer, the production cost of the sujiaonori can be remarkably reduced while producing a large amount of high commercial value sujiaonori.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a land-based aquaculture apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a culture tank. FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a foam separation tank. FIG. 4 is a schematic horizontal sectional view showing a growth tank. FIG. 5 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a growth tank.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, terms indicating specific directions and positions (e.g., "upper", "lower", and other terms including those terms) are used as necessary, but the use of these terms is These terms are used to facilitate understanding of the invention with reference to the drawings, and the technical scope of the invention is not limited by the meaning of these terms. Also, parts with the same reference numerals appearing in a plurality of drawings indicate the same or equivalent parts or members.
Further, the embodiments shown below are specific examples of the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following. In addition, unless there is a specific description, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described below are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are intended to be examples. It is intended. In addition, the contents described in one embodiment and example can also be applied to other embodiments and examples. Also, the sizes and positional relationships of members shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation.

The land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 of the present invention is installed on land to cultivate fish and shellfish. The land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 can be used for aquaculture of fish and shellfish. Seafood, which is a generic term for aquatic animals, includes shellfish such as abalone and oysters, and all fish farmed in seawater, such as sea bream, yellowtail, yellowtail, and saury, as well as crustaceans such as shrimp and crab, and sea urchin , echinoderms such as sea cucumbers, mollusks such as octopus and squid, and soft-shelled turtles. Although abalone is mainly described as a representative example in the following specification and drawings, the land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 is intended for a wide range of fish and shellfish, and is not limited to abalone.

A land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1-5. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the land-based aquaculture apparatus 100, FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the aquaculture tank 1, FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the foam separation tank 2, and FIG. 5 shows a schematic vertical sectional view of the growth tank 3, respectively.

(Land culture device 100)
The land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 3 and a pump 7 for sending seawater. Furthermore, the land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 of FIG. A plurality of cushion tanks 4 for purposely storing are provided. In FIG. 1, the aquaculture tank 1, the growth tank 3 and the foam separation tank 2 are arranged parallel to each other with an upper opening having an elongated rectangular shape. A plurality of cushion tanks 4 are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the elongated rectangular seawater tank.

(Aquaculture tank 1)
A culture tank 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a tank for cultivating fish and shellfish. The abalone culture tank 1 preferably has a box shape with an upper opening, and the abalone culture tank 1 preferably has an upper opening of an elongated rectangular shape, or an upper opening of an elongated box shape with arched peripheral walls at both ends. be. Although not shown, the aquaculture tank 1 for swimming fish preferably has a circular or oval upper opening so that the fish can swim.

The aquaculture tank 1 of FIGS. 1 and 2 includes an aeration mechanism 11 that supplies oxygen to seawater. The aeration mechanism 11 shown in FIG. 2 includes an ejector 12 having numerous ejection openings 12a for ejecting microbubbles into the seawater of the culture tank 1, and an air pump 13 for supplying pressurized air to the ejector 12. The aeration mechanism 11 reduces the size of the air bubbles to increase the contact area with the seawater to efficiently replenish oxygen to the seawater, and further reduces the floating speed as fine air bubbles to lengthen the staying time in the seawater. Then, the contact time with seawater is lengthened, and oxygen is efficiently replenished to the seawater. The ejector 12 ejects air into the seawater from fine gaps to form fine bubbles in order to reduce the size of the bubbles released into the seawater. The ejector 12 preferably ejects air bubbles as nanovalves into the seawater. Since the aeration mechanism 11 is provided in the aquaculture tank 1 for the purpose of supplying oxygen to the seawater, the bubbles are jetted into the seawater in the form of as fine bubbles as possible. The spouted bubbles float in the seawater, but since the floating speed is slowed down as much as possible and the stagnation time is lengthened, the agitation of the seawater by aeration is locally limited, and the seawater in the whole culture tank 1 is reduced. It is not mixed evenly. In particular, since abalone does not consume a lot of energy by swimming like fish, the supply of oxygen by aeration is not required as in the fish culture tank 1 . Since oxygen supply by aeration can be reduced, stirring of seawater by air bubbles can be further reduced in the abalone culture tank 1 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when abalone is cultivated in the culture tank 1, a three-dimensional space in the culture tank 1 can be efficiently utilized by providing a plurality of shelves. This is because a plurality of shelves can be provided and the abalone can be attached to the shelves for culturing. A plurality of shelves can be installed at intervals such as in the vertical direction, horizontal direction, or oblique direction with respect to the water tank. The number and spacing of the shelves can be adjusted according to the amount of abalone and growth conditions. Further, when the shelf is provided in the vertical direction with respect to the aquarium, the shelf can be arranged so as to extend in the longitudinal direction or the lateral direction of the aquarium. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, by installing a plurality of shelves at intervals in the vertical direction, excreta of fish and shellfish such as manure and food residues can be dropped downward without accumulating on the shelves. The discharge can be easily discharged from the discharge port 14.例文帳に追加

(Discharge port 14, pump 7)
When fish and shellfish are cultivated, fish and shellfish effluents and the like are generated, which cause contamination of the seawater in the culture tank 1 . Excretion of fish and shellfish includes, for example, excrement such as manure, drool (saliva), mucus, food residue, and the like. The aquaculture tank 1 of FIG. 2 is provided with discharge ports 14 at a plurality of locations on the bottom in order to smoothly discharge fish and shellfish waste that sinks to the bottom. The discharge ports 14 in FIG. 2 are opened at a plurality of locations at both ends and an intermediate portion of the culture tank 1 . The discharge port 14 is connected to the pump 7 via a discharge valve 14a. The pump 7 sucks seawater from the culture tank 1 from the bottom and supplies it to the growth tank 3 via the foam separation tank 2 . The pump 7 is connected to each discharge port 14 to supply the seawater to be sucked into the foam separation tank 2, or a plurality of discharge ports 14 are connected to each other by a collective pipe to pump the aquaculture tank 1 with one pump 7. Seawater is sucked and supplied to the foam separation tank 2 . The foam separation tank 2 is provided with a plurality of inlets 21 . A device for supplying seawater from the culture tank 1 to the foam separation tank 2 with one pump 7 has a plurality of inflow ports 21 that are collected into one pipe by a collective pipe and connected to the pump 7 . A culture tank 1 having a plurality of outlets 14 and a foam separation tank 2 having a plurality of inlets 21 are connected to each outlet 14 of the culture tank 1 with each inlet 21 of the foam separation tank 2 through separate pipes. be able to. This device has a pump 7 connected to each pipe. However, in the terrestrial aquaculture apparatus 100, the liquid level in the aquaculture tank 1 is set higher than that in the foam separation tank 2, and a drop is provided between the aquaculture tank 1 and the foam separation tank 2, so that the foam is removed from the aquaculture tank 1 without using the pump 7. Seawater can flow into the separation tank 2 naturally.

(Foam separation tank 2)
The foam separation tank 2 is a water tank that generates a large amount of fine air bubbles into foam, evenly disperses the effluent in the seawater from the aquaculture tank 1, and removes a part of the effluent. A land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 of FIG. The land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 of FIG. 1 supplies seawater from the aquaculture tank 1 to the growth tank 3 via the foam separation tank 2 . In this apparatus, the seawater in the culture tank 1 does not directly flow into the growth tank 3, but the effluent contained in the seawater in the foam separation tank 2 is evenly distributed and supplied to the growth tank 3. The seawater that flows into the growth tank 3 from the foam separation tank 2 supplies evenly dispersed effluents to the growth tank 3 as fertilizer to uniformly cultivate the sujia laver in a favorable environment. However, although not shown, the land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 can also circulate seawater in the order of the aquaculture tank 1 →the growth tank 3 →the foam separation tank 2 .

A land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 of FIG. This apparatus supplies seawater from a culture tank 1 to a growth tank 3 via a foam separation tank 2 . Furthermore, the foam separation tank 2 in FIG. Part, for example drool, mucus and other amines, float to the surface of the liquid. The effluent that has surfaced is removed manually or discarded to the outside through a disposal port 25 opened near the liquid surface. This is because amine substances such as saliva and mucus, which are part of the excretion of fish and shellfish, give viscosity to seawater, and adversely affect the growth of fish and shellfish such as abalone and sujiaonori. The foam separation tank 2 includes a bubbling device 22 arranged at the bottom and ejecting fine bubbles into the seawater, and an air pump 23 supplying pressurized air to the bubbling device 22 . The bubbler 22 is a porous material with fine air gaps or a nozzle with a small injection port, and injects pressurized air supplied from an air pump 23 into the seawater to eject fine bubbles into the seawater. The air pump 23 draws in outside air, pressurizes it, and supplies it to the bubbling device 22 .

The foam separation tank 2 is connected to the growth tank 3 via a plurality of pipes. The elongated foam separation tank 2 opens with a plurality of inlets 21 and a plurality of outlets 24 spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. In FIG. 3, a plurality of discharge ports 24 are opened at both ends of the foam separation tank 2 and at the bottom of the middle portion. The foam separation tank 2 can also supply seawater from the aquaculture tank 1 to the inlet 21 provided at one end and to the growth tank 3 from the outlet 24 provided at the other end. The foam separation tank 2 removes a part of the discharge by bubbling the seawater supplied from the aquaculture tank 1 while flowing it in the longitudinal direction, and supplies it to the seaweed growth tank 3 . However, the plurality of inlets 21 and the plurality of outlets 24 are opened at positions not opposed to each other, and the seawater flowing in from the inlets 21 is discharged from the outlets 24 arranged at positions not opposed to each other. Seawater can also be stirred and supplied to the growth tank 3 .

(Growth tank 3)
The growth tank 3 is a water tank for growing sujiaioni and purifying the seawater supplied from the culture tank 1 with sjiaioni. The growth tank 3 in FIG. 1 is connected to the culture tank 1 via the foam separation tank 2 . The growth tank 3 has a volume capable of purifying the seawater supplied from the culture tank 1 with the breeding Pleurotus laver. The seaweed in the growth tank 3 breeds using the effluent of fish and shellfish contained in the seawater supplied from the culture tank 1 as fertilizer, purifies the seawater, absorbs carbon dioxide from the seawater, releases oxygen, and produces seawater. Since the oxygen concentration of the aquaculture tank 3 is increased, the capacity of the growth tank 3 is set to a capacity that allows cultivation of the amount of seawater supplied from the culture tank 1 that can purify the seawater. The amount of effluent from fish and shellfish contained in the seawater supplied from the culture tank 1 to the growth tank 3 is specified by the type, amount, and growth state of the fish and shellfish cultivated in the culture tank 1 . Since the growth tank 3 can increase the amount of seawater effluent to be absorbed by increasing the amount of seaweed that grows, the volume of the growth tank 3 can purify the seawater supplied from the culture tank 1 and supply it to the culture tank 1. , it is increased in proportion to the volume of the culture tank 1. Advantageously, since the breeding rate of Pleurotus purpurea varies depending on the amount of fertilizer supplied, when a large amount of effluent is supplied to the growth tank 3, the breeding rate of Pleurotus purpurea is increased and the absorption capacity of the effluent is increased. When the effluent supplied is reduced, the fecundity of the sujiaonori decreases and the amount of seawater clarified by the sujiaonori is controlled. The volume of the growth tank 3 needs to be adjusted to the optimum volume depending on the type and size of the fish and shellfish to be cultivated. % to 200%, the seawater in the culture tank 1 can be purified.

The above-described land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 produces not only fish and shellfish, but also highly-marketed laver. can also increase the economic effect of This device also has the advantage of being able to purify the seawater in the culture tank 1 in a clear state at all times with a large amount of Sujia laver. The large-capacity growth tank 3 can always produce Sujiaonori by adding fertilizer to the discharge of fish and shellfish supplied from the growth tank 3 .

(Stirring mechanism 30)
The growth tank 3 is provided with a stirring mechanism 30 that discharges large bubbles into the seawater at the bottom and locally forcibly stirs the seawater into an upward flow. The bubbles supplied into the seawater from the stirring mechanism 30 are incomparably larger than the bubbles ejected into the seawater of the aquaculture tank 1 and the foam separation tank 2 . Although the bubbles supplied into the seawater by the stirring mechanism 30 and the bubbles injected into the aquaculture tank 1 and the foam separation tank 2 are the same in that they are supplied into the seawater, the purpose of the bubbles is completely different. The air bubbles injected into the seawater by the aeration mechanism 11 of the culture tank 1 are intended to supply oxygen to the seawater. The bubbling device 22 of the foam separation tank 2 is for the purpose of evenly dispersing the seawater effluent by bubbling and removing a part of the effluent. It comes into contact with the excretion of fish and shellfish floating in seawater, attaches to it, and makes it float. On the other hand, the bubbles ejected into the seawater of the growth tank 3 are large bubbles that quickly float in the seawater, increasing the flow velocity of the upward flow of the seawater, and efficiently stirring the seawater. .

For the above purpose, the agitating mechanism 30 for locally raising the seawater in the growth tank 3 includes a discharger 31 having a large exhaust port 31a for supplying air bubbles to the seawater in the growth tank 3, and a discharger 31 and a blower 32 that supplies air to the The discharger 31 supplies large air bubbles into the seawater with an opening area of the exhaust port 31a of, for example, 10 mm ² or more, more preferably 100 mm ² . In the stirring mechanism 30 of FIG. 5, a blower 32 and an ejector 31 are connected by a conveying pipe 33, and the end of the conveying pipe 33 is opened to serve as an exhaust port 31a of the ejector 31. As shown in FIG. The agitation mechanism 30 of this structure uses a plastic pipe for water supply piping with an inner diameter of 13 mmφ to 21 mmφ as the conveying pipe 33, so that compared to aeration or bubbling that ejects fine bubbles, the parts cost and Both production costs can be significantly reduced.

The agitating mechanism 30 shown in the plan view of FIG. 4 and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 has a plurality of conveying pipes 33 arranged on both side walls of the elongated growth tank 3, and the tips of the conveying pipes 33 are placed on the inner surfaces of the side walls. It is open. Although not shown, the tip of the conveying pipe 33 can be opened on the inner surface of the bottom surface. A plurality of conveying pipes 33 are provided on both sides of the growth tank 3 to agitate the seawater in the entire growth tank 3 . Each conveying pipe 33 is connected to the blower 32 via a control valve 34 that adjusts the opening to adjust the flow rate. The agitating mechanism 30 can uniformly discharge air from each conveying pipe 33 by adjusting the opening degree of the regulating valve 34 . The air discharged from the conveying pipe 33 to the bottom of the growth tank 3 becomes air bubbles and floats in the seawater to agitate the seawater. A plurality of conveying pipes 33 can also be provided on one side of the growth tank 3 or on the central portion.

Since the opening area of the exhaust port 31a of the stirring mechanism 30 is large, the discharge pressure of the blower 32 is low and the flow rate of the air discharged into the seawater is large. Realize possible features. Unlike aeration or bubbling, it does not inject fine air bubbles into the water, so there is no need to use the release device 31 with numerous fine voids, and the pressure loss of the release device 31 can be reduced to reduce the pressure loss in the seawater. This is because a large amount of large air bubbles can be discharged.

As described above, the stirring mechanism 30 of the growth tank 3 is not intended to replenish oxygen to the seawater. It can be fluidized and stirred to prevent entanglement of the striped laver and uniformly disperse it in the seawater. Sujiaonori is a long and slender filamentous algal body, the length of which can be as long as 1 m. As shown in FIG. 5, the seawater, which locally rises due to the floating action of the bubbles, becomes an upward flow in the area where the bubbles rise. In the growth tank 3 shown in this cross-sectional view, air bubbles are discharged to both sides and the seawater is made to flow upward along the side walls on both sides. In 3, the entire seawater is agitated. The growth tank 3 of FIG. 5 provides air bubbles from the bottom on both sides, for example, the growth tank 3 can supply air bubbles from the side walls on both sides or the bottom surface on both sides. Furthermore, air bubbles can be supplied from the bottom of one side of the growth tank 3, or air bubbles can be supplied from the bottom of the central part of the growth tank 3 to convect the seawater. The stirring mechanism 30 for discharging air bubbles from the bottom of one side of the growth tank 3 causes seawater to flow upward along one side wall to which air bubbles are supplied, and to flow downward inside the side wall on the opposite side, thereby stirring the entire seawater. be done. The stirring mechanism 30 that supplies air bubbles from the bottom of the central portion of the growth tank 3 creates an upward flow in the center of the growth tank 3 and a downward flow on both sides to agitate the entire seawater.

The growth tank 3, which agitates the seawater by convection with upward and downward currents, causes the seawater to flow in the opposite direction by the upward and downward flows, so that the entanglement of the striped laver is eliminated without being damaged in this area. be done. Since the entanglement of the seaweed can be dissolved by stirring the seawater, for example, the entanglement can also be resolved by the stirring mechanism 30 that rotates blades such as screws in the seawater. However, the stirring mechanism 30 that rotates the blades cannot be used continuously and stably because streaks adhere to the blades. In addition, there is also an adverse effect that the striped laver comes into contact with the blade and is damaged. The agitating mechanism 30, which agitates seawater by causing upward flow and downward flow in other areas by the floating action of large bubbles, prevents adhesion of streak laver and damages streak laver, and quickly entangles the seawater. It can be prevented and evenly dispersed in seawater. The striped laver has a form in which long, thin streaks extend radially, making it easy to get entangled. It can effectively eliminate the entanglement of striped laver.

The above-described land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 transfers seawater to the aquaculture tank 1, the foam separation tank 2, the growth tank 3, and the cushion tank 4 by the pump 7, and cultivates fish and shellfish in the growth tank 3 as follows. The aquaculture tank 1 cultivates fish and shellfish, the growth tank 3 purifies the seawater in the aquaculture tank 1 with sujiaonori, and the foam separation tank 2 separates the fish and shellfish discharge by bubbling it to the surface of the sea by bubble separation, The cushion tank 4 temporarily stores seawater to be transferred to each water tank. Seawater can be transferred from one water tank to another via the pump 7, but it is also possible to arrange the water tanks for transferring seawater vertically so that seawater flows naturally from the upper water tank to the lower water tank. Therefore, although not shown, seawater can be transferred without connecting the pump 7 between all the water tanks.

(Cushion tank 4)
The cushion tank 4 temporarily stores seawater to be transferred to each water tank. In FIG. 1 , seawater is circulated from the culture tank 1→the foam separation tank 2→the growth tank 3→the cushion tank 4→the culture tank 1 directly from the culture tank 3 without passing through the cushion tank 4. can also be transferred to A device that temporarily stores seawater in the growth tank 3 in the cushion tank 4 and supplies it to the culture tank 1 constantly stores purified seawater in the cushion tank 4, and when the seawater in the culture tank 1 is contaminated, it can be quickly removed. By supplying purified seawater to the aquaculture tank 1, the seawater can be made clear.

When the seawater in the aquaculture tank 1 becomes contaminated with fish and shellfish effluent, the concentration of nitrous acid and carbon dioxide in the seawater increases. When the value becomes higher than the threshold value, the seawater is discharged to the foam separation tank 2, and purified seawater is supplied from the cushion tank 4 and the growth tank 3. In this process, while seawater is discharged from one end of the culture tank 1 to the foam separation tank 2, the seawater of the cushion tank 4 is supplied to the other end to reduce the contamination concentration of the culture tank 1. . The seawater in the culture tank 1 is discharged to the foam separation tank 2 during a period when the contamination concentration exceeds the threshold value, for example, once every one to several days, and purified seawater from the cushion tank 4 and the growth tank 3. to replace the seawater. The replacement of the seawater in the culture tank 1 is performed by discharging 1/10 to 1/2 of the entire seawater into the foam separation tank 2 at a time, and discharging the amount of seawater discharged from the cushion tank 4 and the growth tank 3 into the culture tank 1. The seawater in the culture tank 1 is replaced with purified seawater by repeating the step of supplying to the aquaculture tank 1 a plurality of times. However, the aquaculture tank 1 can be continuously replaced with purified seawater by supplying discharged seawater from the cushion tank 4 or the growth tank 3 while continuously discharging seawater. In this method, the amount of seawater to be replaced is controlled so that the contamination concentration in the culture tank 1 does not exceed a set value.

Furthermore, the cushion tank 4 can also be used as a water tank for adjusting the shipment of the sturgeon laver. The grown sujiaonori can be stored in the cushion tank 4 according to the shipping situation and necessity. This is because the water quality of the purified seawater in the cushion tank 4 hardly deteriorates as long as the seaweed does not rot or emit a foul odor. Therefore, it is possible to supply purified seawater from the cushion tank 4 to each water tank such as the culture tank 1 while using the cushion tank 4 as a water tank for adjusting the shipment of the seaweed.

The land-based aquaculture apparatus 100 described above is provided with a foam separation tank 2 that separates part of the discharge in the seawater by bubbling, and a cushion tank 4 that temporarily stores the purified seawater to ideally purify the seawater. However, the terrestrial aquaculture apparatus 100 of the present invention can bubble a part of the discharge in the aquaculture tank 1 without providing the foam separation tank 2, and can separate a part of the discharge. Seawater purified in the growth tank 3 can be supplied from the growth tank 3 to the aquaculture tank 1 without providing the cushion tank 4 .

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The apparatus and method for cultivating fish and shellfish on land according to the present invention can be effectively used as an apparatus and method for cultivating fish and shellfish by purifying seawater by the clarification action of seaweed on land.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100... Terrestrial culture apparatus 1... Culture tank 2... Foam separation tank 3... Growth tank 4... Cushion tank 7... Pump 11... Aeration mechanism 12... Ejector 12a... Injection opening 13... Air pump 14... Discharge port 14a... Discharge valve 21 Inflow port 22 Bubbling device 23 Air pump 24 Discharge port 25 Waste port 30 Stirring mechanism 31 Discharger 31a Exhaust port 32 Blower 33 Conveying pipe 34 Regulating valve

Claims (11)

a fish tank, and
a seaweed growth tank connected to the aquaculture tank and purifying seawater with seaweed;
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish, comprising a pump for supplying seawater between the aquaculture tank and the growth tank,
The growth tank is a tank formed by growing Sujiaonori in seaweed that purifies seawater,
The Pleurotus thunbergii in the growth tank grows by using the effluent of fish and shellfish contained in the seawater supplied from the culture tank as fertilizer,
The growing sujiaonori absorbs carbon dioxide in the seawater and releases oxygen to purify it.
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish, wherein the aquaculture tank cultivates the fish and shellfish in seawater purified by the sujiaonori in the growth tank. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to claim 1,
Furthermore, it is equipped with a foam separation tank that separates part of the effluent in the seawater with foam,
The foam separation tank is
a bubbling device that supplies air bubbles to the seawater in the foam separation tank;
and an air pump for supplying air to the bubbling device. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to claim 1 or 2,
The growth tank is
Equipped with a stirring mechanism for stirring seawater in the growth tank with floating bubbles,
The stirring mechanism is
a discharger having an opening for supplying air bubbles to the seawater of the growth tank;
and a blower that supplies air to the ejector. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to claim 3,
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish, wherein the opening area of the exhaust port opening to the discharger of the stirring mechanism is 10 mm ² or more. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to claim 3,
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish, wherein the opening area of the exhaust port that opens to the discharger of the stirring mechanism is 100 mm ² or more. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The stirring mechanism is
an air conveying pipe connecting said blower to said ejector;
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish, wherein the open tip of the conveying pipe serves as an exhaust port of the ejector. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to claim 6,
The conveying pipe is
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish, which is a plastic pipe for water supply piping with an inner diameter of 13 mmφ to 21 mmφ. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The aquaculture tank is
Equipped with an aeration mechanism that replenishes oxygen to seawater,
The aeration mechanism is
an ejector having a myriad of ejection openings for ejecting fine bubbles into the seawater of the aquaculture tank;
an air pump that supplies pressurized air to the ejector;
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish, wherein the ejector ejects finer bubbles than the bubbles ejected into seawater by the ejector of the stirring mechanism. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The aquaculture tank is
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish characterized by being a shellfish aquaculture tank. The land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish according to claim 9,
The aquaculture tank is
A land-based aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish characterized by being an abalone aquaculture tank. A method of cultivating fish and shellfish by circulating seawater in a fish and shellfish farming tank to a seaweed growth tank,
Along with growing the striped laver in the growth tank,
Seawater in the growth tank,
Disperse the sujiaonori in seawater by stirring with floating bubbles,
The sujiaonori dispersed in the seawater grows using the effluent of fish and shellfish contained in the seawater supplied from the aquaculture tank as fertilizer,
It absorbs carbon dioxide in the seawater and supplies oxygen to purify it,
A method for culturing fish and shellfish, comprising supplying seawater purified in the growth tank to the culture tank.

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