JP2022109061A - アンモニア分解装置 - Google Patents
アンモニア分解装置 Download PDFInfo
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 260
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/047—Decomposition of ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
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Abstract
Description
図1に示されるように、本開示の実施形態1に係るアンモニア分解装置1は、原料であるアンモニアを、下記反応式(1)で示される反応によって水素と窒素とに分解する装置である。アンモニア分解装置1は、反応式(1)で示されるアンモニアの分解反応の触媒3が充填された反応器2を備えている。
2NH3→N2+3H2 ・・・(1)
次に、図1及び図2を参照しながら本開示の実施形態1に係るアンモニア分解装置1の動作を説明する。原料供給ライン4を流通する液体アンモニアが蒸発器5において蒸発されてアンモニアガスとなって、反応器2の第1室23に流入する。後述するように、水素と窒素とアンモニアとを含む流出ガスの一部も、流出ガスリサイクルライン11を介して第1室23に流入する。第1室23においてアンモニアガスと流出ガスとが混合されて混合ガスとなり、混合ガスは各収容管26a内に流入する。
実施形態1では、希釈ガスとして、アンモニア回収装置7に流入する前の流出ガスを使用しているが、この形態に限定するものではない。アンモニア回収装置7から流出した精製分解ガスを希釈ガスとして使用してもよい。精製分解ガスも流出ガスからアンモニアを回収したガスであるので、反応器2から流出した流出ガスであると言える。
原料であるアンモニアを水素と窒素とに分解する分解反応の触媒(3)が充填された反応器(2)と、
前記原料が前記触媒(3)に流入する前に、アンモニア濃度が前記原料よりも低い希釈ガスと前記原料とが混合するように、前記希釈ガスを供給するための希釈ガス供給ライン(11)と
を備える。
前記希釈ガスは、前記反応器(2)から流出した流出ガスの一部である。
前記反応器(2)は、前記触媒(3)を収容する触媒収容部(26)を備え、
前記反応器(2)の内部は、第1室(23)と、前記原料が流通する方向において前記第1室(23)よりも下流側の第2室(24)と、前記第1室(23)及び前記第2室(24)の間の第3室(25)とに仕切られており、
前記触媒収容部(26)は、前記第1室(23)及び前記第2室(24)のそれぞれに連通するとともに前記第3室内(25)を延びるように設けられ、
前記第3室(25)は、加熱媒体が流通するように構成されている。
前記原料を前記反応器(2)に供給する原料供給ライン(4)を備え、
前記希釈ガス供給ライン(11)の下流端は前記原料供給ライン(4)に接続されている。
前記希釈ガス供給ライン(11)の下流端は前記反応器(2)に接続されている。
前記原料を前記反応器(2)に供給する原料供給ライン(4)を備え、
前記反応器(2)の内面(2a)は、前記原料供給ライン(4)と前記反応器(2)との接続部分(2b)を取り囲むように、少なくとも部分的に耐火材(44)で覆われている。
前記第1室と連通するガス混合器を備え、
前記ガス混合器は、前記原料供給ラインと前記希釈ガス供給ラインとのそれぞれが接続されて、前記原料供給ラインを介して前記ガス混合器に流入した前記原料と前記希釈ガス供給ラインを介して前記ガス混合器に流入した前記希釈ガスとを混合する。
2 反応器
2a (反応器の)内面
2b 接続部分
3 触媒
4 原料供給ライン
6 流出ガスライン
11 流出ガスリサイクルライン(希釈ガス供給ライン)
23 第1室
24 第2室
25 第3室
26 触媒収容部
26a 収容管(触媒収容部)
26c (収容管の)他端(連通部分)
44 耐火材
50 ガス混合器
Claims (7)
- 原料であるアンモニアを水素と窒素とに分解する分解反応の触媒が充填された反応器と、
前記原料が前記触媒に流入する前に、アンモニア濃度が前記原料よりも低い希釈ガスと前記原料とが混合するように、前記希釈ガスを供給するための希釈ガス供給ラインと
を備えるアンモニア分解装置。 - 前記希釈ガスは、前記反応器から流出した流出ガスの一部である、請求項1に記載のアンモニア分解装置。
- 前記反応器は、前記触媒を収容する触媒収容部を備え、
前記反応器の内部は、第1室と、前記原料が流通する方向において前記第1室よりも下流側の第2室と、前記第1室及び前記第2室の間の第3室とに仕切られており、
前記触媒収容部は、前記第1室及び前記第2室のそれぞれに連通するとともに前記第3室内を延びるように設けられ、
前記第3室は、加熱媒体が流通するように構成されている、請求項1または2に記載のアンモニア分解装置。 - 前記原料を前記反応器に供給する原料供給ラインを備え、
前記希釈ガス供給ラインの下流端は前記原料供給ラインに接続されている、請求項3に記載のアンモニア分解装置。 - 前記希釈ガス供給ラインの下流端は前記反応器に接続されている、請求項3に記載のアンモニア分解装置。
- 前記原料を前記反応器に供給する原料供給ラインを備え、
前記反応器の内面は、前記原料供給ラインと前記反応器との接続部分を取り囲むように、少なくとも部分的に耐火材で覆われている、請求項5に記載のアンモニア分解装置。 - 前記反応器と連通するガス混合器を備え、
前記ガス混合器は、前記原料供給ラインと前記希釈ガス供給ラインとのそれぞれが接続されて、前記原料供給ラインを介して前記ガス混合器に流入した前記原料と前記希釈ガス供給ラインを介して前記ガス混合器に流入した前記希釈ガスとを混合する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のアンモニア分解装置。
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JP2021004386A JP7389065B2 (ja) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | アンモニア分解装置 |
US18/271,759 US20240316520A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-12-07 | Ammonia decomposition system |
CA3206483A CA3206483A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-12-07 | Ammonia decomposition system |
EP21919608.6A EP4257542A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-12-07 | Ammonia decomposition apparatus |
PCT/JP2021/044813 WO2022153719A1 (ja) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-12-07 | アンモニア分解装置 |
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US12000333B2 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2024-06-04 | AMOGY, Inc. | Systems and methods for processing ammonia |
US11724245B2 (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2023-08-15 | Amogy Inc. | Integrated heat exchanger reactors for renewable fuel delivery systems |
KR20240020274A (ko) | 2021-06-11 | 2024-02-14 | 아모지 인크. | 암모니아의 가공처리를 위한 시스템 및 방법 |
US11539063B1 (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2022-12-27 | Amogy Inc. | Systems and methods for processing hydrogen |
US11834334B1 (en) | 2022-10-06 | 2023-12-05 | Amogy Inc. | Systems and methods of processing ammonia |
US11795055B1 (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2023-10-24 | Amogy Inc. | Systems and methods for processing ammonia |
US11866328B1 (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2024-01-09 | Amogy Inc. | Systems and methods for processing ammonia |
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US20240166504A1 (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2024-05-23 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and apparatus for cracking ammonia |
WO2024216047A1 (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2024-10-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method and apparatus for integrating ammonia cracking in a steam methane reformer |
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JP2015059075A (ja) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-30 | 株式会社日本触媒 | アンモニア分解による水素製造システム |
JP2018096616A (ja) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-21 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | 火力発電プラント、ボイラ及びボイラの改造方法 |
JP2019189467A (ja) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-31 | 三菱重工エンジニアリング株式会社 | アンモニア分解システム及びアンモニア分解方法 |
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WO2024075400A1 (ja) * | 2022-10-07 | 2024-04-11 | 日立造船株式会社 | 生成装置及び生成方法 |
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