JP2022083092A - Method for producing soil conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for producing a soil conditioner that has a simple and easy production process and is very useful for growing plants.SOLUTION: A method for producing a soil conditioner includes supplying a raw material for the soil conditioner 6 containing at least bark material, microorganisms and silicon-containing material with gases A1, A2 containing oxygen in an environment where sunlight can be given; activating the microorganisms in the raw material for the soil conditioner 6; and fermenting the bark material and utilizing the heat of fermentation to carbonize it.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a soil conditioner.

Conventionally, agricultural fertilizers and soil conditioners for growing plants have been known. Plants grow by absorbing nutrients from the soil. Therefore, fertilizers and soil conditioners contain "essential elements" that are necessary components for plant growth. In addition to "essential elements", fertilizers and soil conditioners also contain "useful elements" that are components that support the growth of plants.

Among these "useful elements", "silicon (Si)" is known to be very effective for the growth of gramineous plants. In recent years, "silicon" is considered to be effective not only for gramineous plants but also for the growth of other plants. Various soil conditioners containing "silicon" are disclosed as soil conditioners for agriculture (Patent Document 1 and the like).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-181073

However, conventional fertilizers and soil conditioners containing "silicon" simply add an inorganic silicon-containing material. Therefore, it is not easy for plants to absorb the useful element "silicon" from the soil to which such fertilizers and soil conditioners are applied, and it cannot be said that it is sufficiently effective for the growth of plants.

The present invention provides a method for producing a soil conditioner, which has a simple and easy production process and is very effective for plant growth.

In the method for producing a soil conditioner according to one aspect of the present invention, a gas containing oxygen is used in an environment where light energy can be applied to a raw material for a soil conditioner containing at least a bark material, a microorganism and a silicon-containing material. It is supplied to activate microorganisms in the raw material for soil conditioner, ferment the bark material and carbonize it by the heat of fermentation.

According to the above-mentioned method for producing a soil conditioner, by supplying a gas containing light energy and oxygen to the raw material for the soil conditioner, the microorganisms in the raw material for the soil conditioner can be sufficiently activated. .. Therefore, the bark material can be fermented by the activated microorganisms and sufficiently carbonized by the fermentation heat (heat generated by the microorganisms).

As a result, the obtained soil conditioner becomes very effective for the growth of plants. The reason for this is that "silicon" contained in the raw material for soil conditioner in advance and the action of organic substances carbonized in the manufacturing process of the soil conditioner using the raw material for soil conditioner containing the "silicon" are caused by the action of plants. Is thought to facilitate the absorption of "silicon" from the soil to which the soil conditioner has been applied, effectively supporting the growth of plants.

Further, as described above, the method for producing a soil conditioner activates microorganisms by supplying a gas containing light energy and oxygen to the raw material for the soil conditioner. Then, the bark material is fermented by the activated microorganisms, and the bark material is carbonized by utilizing the fermentation heat (heat generated by the microorganisms) generated during the fermentation. Therefore, the manufacturing process is very simple and easy. In addition, it does not require a heating device for activating microorganisms or fermenting and carbonizing bark wood, and energy and cost for production can be reduced.

In the above method for producing a soil conditioner, a gas containing oxygen may be supplied to the soil conditioner raw material so as to pass through the soil conditioner material. In this case, the microorganisms in the raw material for the soil conditioner can be more sufficiently activated, and the fermentation of the bark material and the carbonization by the heat of fermentation can be promoted.

Further, the first step of supplying the first gas containing ionized oxygen to the raw material for the soil improving material, and the first step of supplying oxygen to the raw material for the soil improving material, which is different from the first gas. The second step of supplying the gas of 2 may be included. In this case, in the first step, an unstable state of electrons is created by supplying a first gas containing ionized oxygen, and the soil is heated to the active temperature of the microorganism by the slight vibration of the raw material for the soil conditioner. Can be done. This makes it possible to rapidly activate the microorganisms in the raw material for the soil conditioner. Further, in the second step, the bark material can be fermented by the activated microorganisms, and the bark material can be carbonized by the fermentation heat. In addition, fermentation and carbonization of the bark material can be made uniform, and drying can also be performed.

Further, in the first step, the first gas is supplied to the raw material for the soil conditioner for the first period, and in the second step, the second gas is supplied to the raw material for the soil conditioner. A second period longer than the first period may be supplied. In this case, in the first step, the microorganisms in the raw material for the soil conditioner are rapidly activated, and in the second step, the bark material is sufficiently fermented by the activated microorganisms, and the bark is sufficiently fermented by the fermentation heat. The material can be sufficiently carbonized.

Further, the silicon-containing material may contain at least one of silica stone and silica sand. In this case, a soil conditioner that contains a sufficient amount of silicon (Si) and is very effective for growing plants can be obtained.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of the manufacturing apparatus of the soil conditioner. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st process in the manufacturing method of the soil conditioner. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd process in the manufacturing method of the soil conditioner. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 3rd process in the manufacturing method of the soil conditioner.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the manufacturing apparatus 1 is an apparatus for producing a soil conditioner. A soil conditioner is a material that improves the condition of soil and prepares an environment suitable for plant growth by applying it to soil.

The manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a plant 2 for manufacturing a soil conditioner. The plant 2 includes a bottom portion 21, a side wall portion 22, and a roof portion 23. In the plant 2, an internal space 24 surrounded by a bottom portion 21, a side wall portion 22, and a roof portion 23 is formed.

The roof portion 23 is made of a material capable of transmitting sunlight so that sunlight can be taken into the plant 2. Further, the side wall portion 22 is also made of at least a part of a material capable of transmitting sunlight so that sunlight can be taken into the plant 2.

Further, a ventilation fan 25 and a ventilation port 26 for ventilating the inside of the plant 2 are provided on the upper portion of the side wall portion 22. By operating and turning the ventilation fan 25, the air in the plant 2 can be discharged to the outside and new air can be introduced into the plant 2 from the ventilation port 26.

A first air supply blower 31 is provided outside the plant 2. The first air supply blower 31 is a blower for taking in air from the outside and supplying it into the plant 2. A first supply pipe 41 for circulating air supplied from the first air supply blower 31 into the plant 2 is provided between the first supply air blower 31 and the plant 2.

One end side of the first supply pipe 41 is connected to the first air supply blower 31. The other end of the first supply pipe 41 is connected to the bottom 21 of the plant 2. At the bottom 21 of the plant 2, a plurality of supply ports 411 provided on the other end side of the first supply pipe 41 are open. In the middle of the first supply pipe 41, an ion generator 5 for ionizing oxygen in the air flowing through the first supply pipe 41 is provided. As the ion generator 5, a conventionally known ion generator 5 can be used.

Further, a second air supply blower 32 is provided outside the plant 2. The second air supply blower 32 is a blower for taking in air from the outside and supplying it into the plant 2. A second supply pipe 42 for circulating air supplied from the second air supply blower 32 into the plant 2 is provided between the second supply air blower 32 and the plant 2.

One end side of the second supply pipe 42 is connected to the second air supply blower 32. The other end side of the second supply pipe 42 is connected to the internal space 24 of the plant 2. A supply port 421 provided on the other end side of the second supply pipe 42 is opened in the air supply / exhaust section 27 provided in the internal space 24 of the plant 2.

Further, the plant 2 is provided with a discharge pipe 43 for circulating air discharged from the inside of the plant 2 to the outside. One end side of the discharge pipe 43 is open to the outside. The other end of the discharge pipe 43 is connected to the internal space 24 of the plant 2. An exhaust port 431 provided on the other end side of the discharge pipe 43 is opened in the air supply / exhaust unit 27 provided in the internal space 24 of the plant 2.

Next, a method for producing the soil conditioner of the present embodiment will be described.
First, the bark material and the microbial community are mixed to obtain an intermediate mixture. The mixing ratio of the bark material and the microorganism group in the intermediate mixture was 2: 1 by mass ratio. Then, let the intermediate mixture stand for about 4 weeks.

Burke is a material composed of bark. Specifically, it is a material made by crushing bark. Burke wood is a suitable material for growing microorganisms to be mixed together.

The microbial community includes microorganisms that are both photophilic and thermophilic. As the thermophilic and thermophilic microorganisms, for example, among photosynthetic bacteria, thermophilic microorganisms can be used. The group of microorganisms also contains at least aerobic microorganisms.

Next, the intermediate mixture, the mineral component material, and the silicon-containing material are mixed to obtain a raw material for a soil conditioner. The mixing ratio of the intermediate mixture, the mineral component material, and the silicon-containing material in the raw material for the soil conditioner was 4: 1: 1 in mass ratio. The water content of the raw material for the soil conditioner was 70% by mass or less (preferably 45 to 65% by mass).

The mineral component material is a material containing a mineral component that is a nutrient for the growth of a plant. Examples of the mineral component include calcium (lime), magnesium (magnesium), iron and the like. In this embodiment, as the mineral component material, grains, soil and the like containing mineral components such as magnesium, calcium and iron were used.

The silicon-containing material is a material containing "silicon", which is one of the useful elements that are components that support the growth of plants. In this embodiment, silica stone is used as the silicon-containing material. Silica stone is a quartz schist containing silicic acid (SiO ₂ ) as a main component.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner is put into the plant 2 (internal space 24) of the manufacturing apparatus 1. The raw material 6 for the soil conditioner is piled up to a height at which a part thereof enters the air supply / exhaust section 27 of the plant 2. The stacked height of the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner was about 2.5 to 4 m.

Sunlight is taken into the plant 2 through the side wall portion 22 and the roof portion 23. Therefore, the environment is such that light energy due to sunlight is applied to the soil improving material raw material 6 in the plant 2, specifically to the microorganisms in the soil improving material raw material 6.

Next, the first air supply blower 31 is operated. By operating the first air supply blower 31, the air A1 taken into the first air supply blower 31 from the outside is supplied into the plant 2 via the first supply pipe 41.

At this time, the air A1 flowing in the first supply pipe 41 passes through the ion generator 5 provided in the middle of the first supply pipe 41 to ionize the oxygen in the air A1. Therefore, air A1 (first gas) containing ionized oxygen (oxygen ion: O ^2- ) is supplied into the plant 2.

Specifically, the air A1 supplied into the plant 2 from the supply port 411 of the first supply pipe 41 arranged at the bottom 21 of the plant 2 passes through the soil conditioner raw material 6 from the bottom to the top. do. That is, the air A1 is supplied to the soil conditioner raw material 6 so as to pass through the soil conditioner raw material 6.

By supplying air A1 containing ionized oxygen to the soil conditioner raw material 6, an unstable state of electrons is created, and the soil conditioner raw material 6 is rapidly heated to the active temperature of microorganisms by the slight vibration. .. Here, the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner was heated to 40 to 100 ° C. (preferably 50 to 70 ° C.). As a result, the microorganisms in the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner are rapidly activated.

In the present embodiment, the period for operating the first air supply blower 31 is set to about one week. That is, the step (first step) of supplying the air A1 containing ionized oxygen to the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner is continuously performed for about one week. After that, the first air supply blower 31 is stopped.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the second air supply blower 32 is operated. By the operation of the second supply air blower 32, the air A2 (second gas) containing oxygen taken into the second supply air blower 32 from the outside is supplied into the plant 2 via the second supply pipe 42. The air A2 containing oxygen is normal air.

Further, by the operation of the second air supply blower 32, the air A2 taken into the second air supply blower 32 from the outside is supplied into the plant 2 via the second supply pipe 42 and is also supplied into the plant 2. The air in the plant 2 is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 43 by utilizing the flow of the air A2.

Specifically, the air A2 supplied into the plant 2 from the supply port 421 of the second supply pipe 42 arranged in the air supply / exhaust section 27 of the plant 2 flows from the top to the bottom in the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner. Also, it passes in a circular manner from bottom to top. That is, the air A2 is supplied to the soil conditioner raw material 6 so as to circulate and pass through the soil conditioner raw material 6.

Then, the air in the plant 2 including the air that has passed through the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner so as to circulate is discharged from the discharge port 431 of the discharge pipe 43 arranged in the air supply / exhaust unit 27 of the plant 2. .. The air A3 discharged from the inside of the plant 2 is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 43.

By supplying air A2 containing oxygen to the soil conditioner raw material 6, the microorganisms are activated and the soil conditioner raw material 6 is heated at 40 to 100 ° C. (preferably 50 to 70 ° C.). The bark material is decomposed and fermented by microorganisms while maintaining the condition. Then, the fermentation heat (heat generated by microorganisms) generated when the bark material is fermented is used to carbonize the bark material. In addition, fermentation and carbonization of the bark material are made uniform, and drying is also performed.

In the present embodiment, the period for operating the second air supply blower 32 is set to about one month. That is, the step of supplying the air A2 containing oxygen to the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner (second step) is continuously performed for about one month. After that, the second air supply blower 32 is stopped.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the ventilation fan 25 of the plant 2 is operated. By turning the ventilation fan 25, excess water in the plant 2 is discharged to the outside together with the air A4, and new air A5 is introduced into the plant 2 from the ventilation port 26. By ventilating the inside of the plant 2 in this way, the excess water in the plant 2, particularly the water contained in the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner, is released, and the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner is further dried.

In the present embodiment, the step of drying the soil conditioner raw material 6 (third step) is performed until the soil conditioner raw material 6 has a desired water content. If the soil conditioner raw material 6 has a desired water content after the completion of the second step, it is not necessary to perform the third step. After that, the ventilation fan 25 is stopped. From the above, a soil conditioner is obtained.

The soil conditioner obtained in this embodiment contains trace elements such as calcium (lime), magnesium (magnesium), and iron, in addition to the three elements of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium (potassium). Further, the soil conditioner contained silicon (Si), and the content of silicon in the soil conditioner was about 30% by mass. The water content of the soil conditioner was 10% by mass or less.

Further, when plants (for example, cucumber, tomato, white vegetable, cabbage, broccoli, pumpkin, peanut, eggplant, pepper, squid, etc.) were grown on the soil to which the soil improving material of the present embodiment was applied, the conventional soil improving material (for example, In particular, it was confirmed that the growth (elongation) speed of the plant is faster and the growth condition of the roots, stems, leaves, etc. of the plant is better than when the plant is grown on the soil to which the soil improving material containing silicon) is applied. rice field.

Next, the action and effect in the method for producing the soil conditioner of the present embodiment will be described.
According to the method for producing a soil conditioner of the present embodiment, the soil conditioner 6 is supplied with a gas containing light energy (sunlight) and oxygen (air A1 and air A2) to improve the soil. The microorganisms in the raw material 6 can be sufficiently activated. Therefore, the bark material can be fermented by the activated microorganisms and sufficiently carbonized by the fermentation heat (heat generated by the microorganisms).

As a result, the obtained soil conditioner becomes very effective for the growth of plants. The reason for this is due to the action of "silicon" contained in the soil conditioner raw material 6 in advance and carbonized organic substances in the process of producing the soil conditioner using the soil conditioner raw material 6 containing the "silicon". It is thought that the plants can easily absorb "silicon" from the soil to which the soil conditioner is applied, effectively supporting the growth of the plants.

Further, in the method for producing the soil conditioner, as described above, the soil conditioner raw material 6 is supplied with a gas containing light energy (sunlight) and oxygen (air A1 and air A2). Activates microorganisms. Then, the bark material is fermented by the activated microorganisms, and the bark material is carbonized by utilizing the fermentation heat (heat generated by the microorganisms) generated during the fermentation. Therefore, the manufacturing process is very simple and easy. In addition, it does not require a heating device for activating microorganisms or carbonizing the bark material, and energy and cost for production can be reduced.

Further, in the method for producing a soil conditioner of the present embodiment, a gas containing oxygen (air A1 and air A2) is supplied to the soil conditioner raw material 6 so as to pass through the soil conditioner raw material 6. do. Therefore, it is possible to more sufficiently activate the microorganisms in the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner and promote the fermentation of the bark material and the carbonization by the heat of fermentation.

Further, the first step of supplying the air A1 (first gas) containing ionized oxygen to the soil improving material raw material 6, and the air A1 containing oxygen to the soil improving material raw material 6. Includes a second step of supplying air A2 (second gas) different from that of. Therefore, in the first step, an unstable state of electrons is created by supplying air A1 (first gas) containing ionized oxygen, and the material 6 for soil conditioner is heated to the active temperature of microorganisms by slight vibration. can do. As a result, the microorganisms in the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner 6 can be rapidly activated. Further, in the second step, the bark material can be fermented by the activated microorganisms, and the bark material can be carbonized by the fermentation heat. In addition, fermentation and carbonization of the bark material can be made uniform, and drying can also be performed.

Further, in the first step, air A1 (first gas) is supplied to the soil improving material raw material 6 for about one week (first period), and in the second step, the soil improving material raw material. Air A2 (second gas) is supplied to No. 6 for about one month (second period) longer than the period during which air A1 is supplied. Therefore, in the first step, the microorganisms in the raw material 6 for the soil conditioner are rapidly activated, and in the second step, the bark material is sufficiently fermented by the activated microorganisms, and the bark material is produced by the fermentation heat. It can be sufficiently carbonized.

Further, the silicon-containing material contains silica stone. Therefore, a soil conditioner that contains a sufficient amount of silicon (Si) and is extremely effective for growing plants can be obtained.

(Other embodiments)
It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be carried out in various embodiments without departing from the present invention.

(1) In the above embodiment, the soil conditioner is produced by using the manufacturing apparatus 1, but if the method for producing the soil conditioner of the present invention can be realized, the soil conditioner can be improved by using a manufacturing apparatus or the like having another configuration. Wood can also be manufactured.

(2) In the above embodiment, sunlight is used as the light energy, but for example, a conventionally known lighting device or the like may be used as the light energy. Further, as the light energy, for example, sunlight may be used in the daytime and a lighting device or the like may be used in the nighttime.

(3) In the above embodiment, in the first step, the air A1 containing ionized oxygen is supplied to the raw material 6 for the soil improving material, and in the second step, the air A2 containing oxygen is supplied. For example, in the case of further heating the raw material 6 for the soil improving material in the second step, the air A2 containing oxygen is supplied to the raw material 6 for the soil improving material, and the air containing ionized oxygen is supplied. A1 may be supplied. That is, the second step may be performed while continuing the first step.

(4) In the above embodiment, in the second step, the bark material is fermented by the activated microorganisms, and the bark material is carbonized by the fermentation heat. Here, when the raw material 6 for a soil conditioner contains an organic substance other than the bark material, in the second step, the organic substance containing the bark material is fermented by the activated microorganism, and the bark material is fermented by the fermentation heat. It will carbonize the organic matter it contains.

(5) In the above embodiment, silica stone is used as the silicon-containing material, but silica stone may be used instead of silica stone, or both silica stone and silica sand may be used. Silicic sand is a silicon-containing material and is quartz sand containing silicic acid (SiO ₂ ) as a main component. Further, as the silicon-containing material, various other silicon-containing materials such as rice husks and shells can be used. When the silicon-containing material contains an organic substance, the organic substance contained in the silicon-containing material is fermented or carbonized in the second step.

(6) The functions of one component in the above embodiment may be dispersed as a plurality of components, or the functions of the plurality of components may be integrated into one component. Further, a part of the configuration of the above embodiment may be omitted. Further, at least a part of the configuration of the above embodiment may be added or replaced with the configuration of the other embodiment. It should be noted that all aspects included in the technical idea specified from the wording described in the claims are embodiments of the present invention.

1 ... Manufacturing equipment, 2 ... Plant, 5 ... Ion generator, 6 ... Raw material for soil conditioner, 31 ... 1st air supply blower, 32 ... 2nd air supply blower, 41 ... 1st supply pipe, 42 ... 2nd Supply pipe, 43 ... Discharge pipe

Claims (5)

It is a method of manufacturing soil conditioners.
A gas containing oxygen is supplied to a raw material for a soil conditioner containing at least a bark material, a microorganism and a silicon-containing material in an environment where light energy can be applied, and the microorganism in the raw material for the soil conditioner is activated. A method for producing a soil conditioner, in which the bark material is fermented and carbonized by the heat of fermentation. The method for producing a soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a gas containing oxygen is supplied to the soil conditioner raw material so as to pass through the soil conditioner material. The first step of supplying the first gas containing ionized oxygen to the raw material for the soil improving material and the first gas containing oxygen to the raw material for the soil improving material are different from the first gas. The method for producing a soil improving material according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises a second step of supplying a second gas. In the first step, the first gas is supplied to the soil improving material raw material for the first period, and in the second step, the soil improving material raw material is supplied with the second gas. The method for producing a soil improving material according to claim 3, wherein the gas is supplied for a second period longer than the first period. The method for producing a soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the silicon-containing material contains at least one of silica stone and silica sand.

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