JP2022068454A - Cultivation device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a cultivation device that allows watering in consideration of the water absorption state of a plant.SOLUTION: A cultivation device has water supply means D that supplies compost 11 having a plant planted therein with water, temperature detection means S that detects the temperature of the compost 11, and control means C that controls the water supply means D, The control means C causes the temperature detection means S to calculate a temperature change rate of the compost 11, and if the temperature change rate is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, controls the water supply means D to water the compost 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a cultivation device for cultivating a plant.

Patent Document 1 discloses a cultivation device configured to detect the water value of the potting soil in which a plant is planted by a water sensor and automatically irrigate the potting soil when the water value falls below a predetermined value. ..

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-102712

However, even in a single bag or container, the distribution of water content of the potting soil varies depending on the nature of the medium contained in the soil. Therefore, according to the irrigation method using the technique of Patent Document 1 and the like, it is difficult to control the irrigation based on the water absorption status of the plant (for example, the rate of water absorption of the plant), and as a result, the water withers. There was a risk that the quality of the plant would deteriorate.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve such a problem and to provide a cultivation apparatus capable of irrigation based on the water absorption state of a plant.

The first invention is to achieve the above object.
A water supply means for supplying water to the potting soil in which a plant is planted, a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the potting soil, and a control means for controlling the water supply means are provided.
The control means calculates the temperature change rate of the potting soil by the temperature detection means, and obtains the temperature change rate.
Provided is a cultivation apparatus characterized in that the culture soil is irrigated under the control of the water supply means on condition that the temperature change rate is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

According to the first invention, irrigation can be performed at the timing when the plant appropriately absorbs water, and as a result, irrigation can be performed based on the water absorption status of the plant, and water withering can be suitably prevented, and the plant can be irrigated. The quality of P can be improved.

The second invention is in addition to the configuration of the first invention described above.
The temperature detecting means is a photographing device capable of acquiring temperature information of the potting soil without contact.

According to the second invention, in addition to the effect of the first invention, the temperature change of the whole potting soil can be quickly and accurately obtained, and water withering can be more preferably prevented. In addition, abnormal water absorption due to plant diseases can be detected at an early stage.

The third invention is in addition to the configuration of the first or second invention described above.
In addition, it is equipped with an air supply means that supplies air to the potting soil in which the plants are planted.
The control means is characterized in that air is supplied to the potting soil on condition that the temperature change rate is equal to or less than a setting reference value which is a value smaller than the predetermined value. ..

According to the third invention, in addition to the effect of the first or second invention, when the water absorption of the plant P is slow, air is supplied to the potting soil to dry the potting soil and prevent root rot. It can be suitably prevented.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cultivation apparatus capable of irrigation based on the water absorption state of a plant.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cultivation device according to a preferred first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the control means of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation example related to irrigation control of the cultivation device 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a temperature change of the detected temperature by the temperature detecting means according to the passage of time after irrigation. FIG. 5A is an image diagram when the culture soil is photographed with a normal camera, and FIG. 5B is an image diagram when the culture soil is photographed by the imaging apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the cultivation apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a control block diagram of the control means according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation example relating to irrigation control of the cultivation apparatus of the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of the cultivation apparatus according to the third embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
<1-1. Basic configuration>
First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cultivation device 1 according to a preferred first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the cultivation apparatus 1 has, as a basic configuration, the water supply means D for supplying water to the potting soil 11 in which the plant P (for example, tomato) is planted, and the temperature of the potting soil 11. It includes a temperature detecting means S for detecting and a control means C for controlling the water supply means D. In the present embodiment, the culture soil 11 is housed in a cultivation container 12, and it is preferable that the cultivation container 12 is made of a material that easily transmits infrared rays.

The temperature detecting means S is an infrared thermography camera which is an imaging device capable of acquiring temperature information of the cultured soil 11 in a non-contact manner, photographs the cultured soil 11 to acquire temperature information which is image data, and acquires the acquired temperature information. Is configured to be transmitted in real time to the control means C described later by using wireless communication.

As shown in FIG. 1, the water supply means D includes a water supply source (water storage tank) d1 for supplying water and an electromagnetic valve B arranged on a supply path d2 connected to the water source d1 by a pipe. And a water supply pipe d3 which is connected to the supply path d2 by a pipe and is buried in the culture soil 11 so as to be able to supply water. The water supply pipe d3 is formed of a so-called porous tubular body. By controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve B, the supply state (irrigation) of water into the potting soil 11 and the supply stop state are switched.

FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the control means C of the first embodiment.
The control means C is an information processing device composed of a well-known microcomputer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, and peripheral circuits thereof. An infrared thermography camera, which is a temperature detecting means S, is communicably connected to the input side of the control means C. Further, a solenoid valve B is connected to the output side.

<1-2. Irrigation control>
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation example related to irrigation control of the cultivation device 1 of the first embodiment.
The control means C acquires temperature information in real time from the temperature detection means S, repeats the calculation of the temperature change rate Δt of the potting soil 11 at a predetermined time interval (for example, 3 minutes), and stores this (step S1). ).

Next, the control means C determines whether or not the supply start condition, which is a condition for opening and controlling the solenoid valve B, is satisfied (step S2). Here, in the present embodiment, the supply start condition is a condition that the temperature change rate Δt is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. As a result, when the temperature change rate Δt becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the control means C opens and controls the solenoid valve B, and the water supply means D starts supplying water to the potting soil 11 (step S3).

After the start of water supply, the control means C determines whether or not the supply end condition, which is a condition for closing and controlling the solenoid valve B, is satisfied (step S4). Here, in the present embodiment, the supply end condition is a condition that a predetermined time has elapsed (for example, 5 minutes) from the start of water supply.

When the supply end condition is satisfied, the control means C closes and controls the solenoid valve B to stop the water supply (step S5), and returns to step S1.

<1-3. Technical significance>
Next, the technical significance of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a temperature change of the detected temperature by the temperature detecting means according to the passage of time after irrigation. In FIG. 4, the solid line A and the alternate long and short dash line B show an example of the temperature change of the detected temperature by the temperature detecting means S. Of these, the solid line A is the temperature change of the potting soil 11 in which the plant P is not planted (hereinafter referred to as “plantless temperature change A”), and the two-point chain line B is the temperature change of the potting soil 11 in which the plant P is planted. It is a temperature change (hereinafter referred to as "plant temperature change B").

As shown in FIG. 4, after irrigation, the plant timeless temperature change A continues to rise at a constant temperature change rate Δt1 with the passage of time and reaches normal temperature. On the other hand, in the plant time temperature change B, the temperature change rate Δt2 is larger than that in the plant timeless temperature change A due to the absorption of water by the plant P, and the temperature change rate Δt2 is larger than that in the plant timeless temperature change A. The faster the plant P absorbs water, the larger the temperature change rate Δt2.

Therefore, according to the configuration in which irrigation is started on the condition that the temperature change rate Δt of the potting soil 11 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value as in the above embodiment, the plant P appropriately absorbs water. It can be irrigated, and as a result, irrigation can be performed based on the water absorption status of the plant P, water withering can be suitably prevented, and the quality of the plant P can be improved.

Although the case where the water temperature is <normal temperature (for example, in the summer) is shown in FIG. 4, the magnitude of the temperature change rate Δt1 should be monitored even when the water temperature> the normal temperature (for example, in the winter). Similarly, the plant P can be irrigated at the timing when it appropriately absorbs water.

FIG. 5A is an image diagram when the culture soil is photographed with a normal camera, and FIG. 5B is an image diagram when the culture soil is photographed by the imaging device (infrared thermography camera) according to the present invention. be. As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), according to a configuration in which the temperature information of the potting soil 11 is acquired in real time by an infrared thermography camera capable of acquiring the temperature information of the potting soil 11 in a non-contact manner. , The temperature change of the whole potting soil 11 can be obtained quickly and accurately, and water withering can be more preferably prevented. In addition, abnormal water absorption due to a disease of plant P can be detected at an early stage.

[Second Embodiment]
<2-1. Basic configuration>
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the cultivation apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment.
Of the second embodiments, the same components as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and different points will be mainly described.

The cultivation device 1 according to the second embodiment includes, in addition to the basic configuration of the cultivation device 1 according to the first embodiment, an air supply means D2 for supplying air to the culture soil 11, and further, on the culture soil 11 of the plant P. A luminometer S2 for measuring the illuminance around the plant G and a moisture meter S3 for detecting the water concentration of the potting soil 11 are arranged at appropriate locations.

As shown in FIG. 1, the air supply means D2 is arranged on an air supply source (air storage cylinder) d21 for supplying air and a second supply path d22 connected to the air source d21 by a pipe. It includes a second electromagnetic valve B2 and an air supply pipe d23 that is connected to a second supply path d22 by a pipe and is embedded in the culture soil 11 so as to be able to supply air. The air supply pipe d23 is formed of a so-called porous tubular body. By controlling the opening and closing of the second solenoid valve B2, the supply state and the supply stop state of air into the potting soil 11 are switched.

FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of the control means C according to the second embodiment.
The control means C is an information processing device composed of a well-known microcomputer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, and peripheral circuits thereof. In addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, the input side of the control means C is connected by communication so that measured values can be acquired from the illuminance meter S2 and the moisture meter S3, and the second solenoid valve B2 is connected to the output side. Has been done.

<2-2. Irrigation control>
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an operation example related to irrigation control of the cultivation device 1 of the second embodiment.

The control means C acquires temperature information in real time from the temperature change detecting means S, calculates the temperature change rate Δt of the potting soil 11 at a predetermined time interval (for example, 1 minute), and stores it (step S201). ).

Next, the control means C acquires the measured value of the illuminance from the illuminance meter S2 (step S202). Next, it is determined whether the measured value of the illuminance is equal to or higher than the predetermined value (step S203).

Next, when the measured value of the illuminance is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the control means C acquires the measured value of the water concentration of the potting soil 11 from the moisture meter S3 (step S204). Subsequently, the control means C determines whether the measured value of the water concentration is a predetermined value (for example, 30%) or less (step S205), proceeds to step S206 if the measured value is equal to or less than the predetermined value, and proceeds to step S206 if the measured value is smaller than the predetermined value. Return to step S201.

Next, the control means C determines whether or not the supply start condition, which is a condition for opening and controlling the solenoid valve B, is satisfied (step S206). Here, in the present embodiment, the supply start condition is a condition that the temperature change rate Δt is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

Therefore, when the temperature change rate Δt is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the control means C opens and controls the solenoid valve B, and the water supply means D starts supplying water to the potting soil 11 (step S207).

After the start of water supply, the control means C determines whether or not the supply end condition, which is a condition for closing and controlling the solenoid valve B, is satisfied (step S208). Here, in the present embodiment, the supply end condition is a condition that a predetermined time has elapsed (for example, 5 minutes) from the start of water supply.

When the supply end condition is satisfied, the control means C closes and controls the solenoid valve B to stop the water supply (step S209), and returns to step S201.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S206 that the supply start condition, which is the condition for opening and controlling the solenoid valve B, is not satisfied, whether or not the air supply start condition, which is the condition for opening and controlling the second solenoid valve B2, is satisfied. Determination (step S211). Here, in the present embodiment, the air supply start condition is a condition that the temperature change rate Δt is equal to or less than the setting reference value which is a value smaller than the predetermined value of the supply start condition. The setting reference value is set and stored in the control means C in advance.

Therefore, when the temperature change rate Δt is equal to or less than the set reference value, the control means C opens and controls the second solenoid valve B2, and the air supply means D2 starts supplying air to the culture soil 11 (step S212). .. On the other hand, when the temperature change rate Δt is larger than the set reference value, the process returns to step S201.

After the start of air supply, the control means C determines whether or not the air supply end condition, which is a condition for closing and controlling the second solenoid valve B2, is satisfied (step S213). Here, in the present embodiment, the supply end condition is a condition that a predetermined time has elapsed (for example, 5 minutes) from the start of air supply.

When the supply end condition is satisfied, the control means C closes and controls the second solenoid valve B2 (step S214), and returns to step S201.

<2-3. Technical significance>
Next, the technical significance of the cultivation apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The cultivation device 1 in the second embodiment of the present invention is configured to measure the illuminance around the plant P by the illuminance meter S2, and when the illuminance is smaller than a predetermined value, irrigation is not performed. Further, the water content meter S3 detects the water concentration of the potting soil 11, and when the water concentration is higher than a predetermined value, irrigation is not performed. By these controls, it is possible to suppress the over-humidity state of the potting soil 11 and prevent the root rot of the plant P.

Further, the potting soil 11 is configured to supply air on condition that the temperature change rate Δt of the potting soil 11 is equal to or less than the set reference value. Thereby, when the water absorption of the plant P is slow, air can be supplied to the potting soil 11 to dry the potting soil 11 and root rot can be more preferably prevented.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Of the third embodiment, the components equivalent to those of the first embodiment and the second embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and different points will be mainly described.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of the cultivation apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment.
The cultivation device 1 in the third embodiment is used for each of a plurality of cultivation plots (four in the illustrated example, and each cultivation plot is numbered A1, A2, A3, A4 in order). The culture soil 11 in which the plant P is planted, the water supply means D for supplying water, the temperature detection means S for detecting the temperature of the culture soil 11, the air supply means D2 for supplying air to the culture soil 11, and the culture. A moisture meter S3 that detects the moisture concentration of the soil 11, an illuminance meter S2 that measures the illuminance around the plant G, an ultraviolet irradiation means L1 that is an LED that irradiates the cultured soil 11 with ultraviolet rays, and a chemical for sterilization are sprayed. The chemical spraying means L2 is arranged. Further, the infrared thermography camera, which is the temperature detecting means S, is configured to photograph the entire cultivation plots A1 to A4 and acquire the temperature of the culture soil 11 of each cultivation plot A1, A2, A3, A4. ..

The control means C can acquire temperature information which is image data from the temperature detection means S, determine the temperature of the potting soil 11 for each cultivation section A1, A2, A3, and A4, and store them. Has been done. Further, the water supply means D and the air supply means D2 arranged in each cultivation section A1, A2, A3, A4 are configured to be independently controllable for each cultivation section A1, A2, A3, A4. ..

Further, the control means C is configured to independently execute the control shown in FIG. 7 for each cultivation section A1, A2, A3, and A4. As a result, for example, even when a plurality of cultivation plots are provided in the cultivation house and the plant P is cultivated in each cultivation plot, irrigation can be performed based on the water absorption status of the plant, and the excess of each potting soil 11 can be obtained. It is possible to suppress the wet state and prevent the root rot of the plant P.

Further, the control means C is configured to irradiate the cultivation sections A1 to A4 in which an abnormal temperature change is detected by the temperature detecting means S with ultraviolet rays by the ultraviolet irradiation means L1 to kill insects. In addition, the drug spraying means L2 is configured to spray the bactericidal drug. This makes it possible to improve the growing environment of the plants P in the cultivation plots A1 to A4 in which the abnormality has occurred.

1 Cultivation equipment 11 Cultivation soil 12 Cultivation container B Solenoid valve B2 Second solenoid valve C Control means D Water supply means d1 Water supply source d2 Supply path d3 Water supply pipe D2 Air supply means d21 Air supply source d22 Second supply path d23 Air Supply pipe S Temperature detecting means S2 Luminometer S3 Moisture meter L1 Ultraviolet irradiation means L2 Chemical spraying means

Claims (3)

A water supply means for supplying water to the potting soil in which a plant is planted, a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the potting soil, and a control means for controlling the water supply means are provided.
The control means calculates the temperature change rate of the potting soil by the temperature detection means, and obtains the temperature change rate.
A cultivation apparatus characterized in that the culture soil is irrigated under the control of the water supply means on condition that the temperature change rate is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detecting means is a photographing device capable of acquiring temperature information of the potting soil without contact. In addition, it is equipped with an air supply means that supplies air to the potting soil in which the plants are planted.
The control means is characterized in that air is supplied to the potting soil on condition that the temperature change rate is equal to or less than a setting reference value which is a value smaller than the predetermined value. The cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.

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