JP2000312552A - Device for controlling temperature of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil temperature control device which can use electromagnetic waves to remotely heat a soil. SOLUTION: Lawn 20 is raised on the ground 12 of a soccer stadium 10. Phased array antennas 26 are disposed in the soccer stadium 10. When the lawn 20 is replanted, the ground 12 is covered with sheet-like carbon fibers. Then, electromagnetic waves are irradiated on the whole area of the ground 12 from the phased array antennas 26, while changing the irradiation angle of the electromagnetic waves. Thus, the carbon fibers covering the ground 12 absorb the electromagnetic waves to generate heat, thereby heating the whole area of the ground 12 by a heat exchange action. Therein, the ground can be heated at a high temperature to sterilize the soil of the ground 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil temperature control device for heating soil in which plants are grown or cultivated.

[0002] In this specification, plants cultivated in soil such as crops and garden plants are referred to as "cultivated plants".

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in cold snowy regions, turf fabrics for soccer fields, golf courses, park golf courses and the like can be used for about five months from late autumn to early spring due to freezing of soil and snow. Disappears. For this reason, a method of laying a pipe through which hot water passes in the soil (hereinafter, referred to as a "hot water method") and a method of laying a heating wire or a heating element in the soil (hereinafter, referred to as "hot water method")
The soil was heated by the “soil heating method”.

[0004] On the other hand, in soils where cultivated plants such as crops and horticultural plants are cultivated, pests (insects, etc.), diseased microorganisms, weeds and seeds or residual roots of weeds are collectively referred to as "pests". ) Are a major obstacle to cultivation. In particular, in recent years, consumers' needs for crops, such as safety and health, have diversified, and expectations for organic agriculture have been increasing.However, when conducting organic agriculture, the supply of organic matter to the soil and the If the crop species has been cultivated for many years, disease microorganisms will inevitably propagate, causing great difficulty in cultivation. In order to solve this, it is necessary to once kill all the disease microorganisms in the soil.

[0005] Here, as a countermeasure against these pests, there are cultivation measures such as removal of damaged cultivated plants, removal and incineration of habitats of pests, or reduction of habitat density of pests by winter tillage. Physical measures to disinfect the soil by raising the ground surface temperature by using solar heat by laying vinyl on the soil, chemical measures to inject disinfectants, insecticides and herbicides into the soil, antagonism of natural pests and disease microorganisms There are biological measures using bacteria and artificial measures to artificially remove weeds and the like.

[0006]

However, as a method for warming the soil, the above-mentioned warm water method requires daily management of warm water, and furthermore, uniform warming due to the temperature drop of the warm water flowing through the pipe during warming. Can not. In addition, in any of the above-mentioned hot water method and soil heat generation method, a pipe or the like is laid in the soil, so that it is difficult to cope with an accident such as a pipe or the like.

On the other hand, as a countermeasure against pests, in the above-mentioned cultivation countermeasures, damaged cultivated plants and pests must be found, so workability is poor, and oversight of their existence is inevitable and complete countermeasures are required. Does not.
In the above physical measures, except for a sunny day in summer, the solar energy is insufficient to use the solar battery, which is affected by the season and weather, and used vinyl becomes a source of pollution. Furthermore, only a shallow part near the ground can be disinfected, and a deep part underground cannot be disinfected. The above-mentioned chemical measures are the most unacceptable method in harmony with the environment. If repeated, soil and groundwater contamination accumulates, and the adverse effects on the human body cannot be ignored depending on the chemical. In addition, the input of drugs in organic farming deviates from the purpose of organic farming, and useful microorganisms cannot survive while the killing action of drugs continues. In the above-mentioned biological measures, the range of effective pests is extremely selective and narrow, so that general soil disinfection is not possible. In addition, it is necessary to have antibacterial activity against natural enemies of pests and diseased microorganisms, so that the cost is high.
In the above-mentioned artificial measures, it is difficult to secure human resources, and moreover, labor costs occupy a large part of cultivation management costs.

By the way, if the soil can be heated to a temperature at which no living organisms can live, it is possible to kill pests existing in the soil.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a soil temperature control device capable of remotely heating soil by using electromagnetic waves.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electromagnetic wave absorbing member which is disposed so as to cover the surface of soil, absorbs electromagnetic waves and generates heat, and is installed in correspondence with the soil. An electromagnetic wave irradiating unit that irradiates an electromagnetic wave to a part of a region of the soil, and a scanning unit that scans an irradiation range so that the electromagnetic wave output from the electromagnetic wave irradiating unit spreads over the entire region of the soil. ing.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the electromagnetic wave irradiating means arranged corresponding to the soil scans the irradiation range so that the electromagnetic wave spreads over the entire area of the soil, and is arranged on the soil. The electromagnetic wave absorbing member is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave absorbing member absorbs the electromagnetic wave and generates heat, thereby heating the soil by a heat exchange action. Therefore, it is possible to heat the soil from a position distant from the soil and to heat the soil in a wide area.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electromagnetic wave absorbing member which is disposed so as to cover the surface of soil, absorbs electromagnetic waves and generates heat, and is provided corresponding to the soil and is a part of the area of the soil. Electromagnetic wave irradiating means for irradiating an electromagnetic wave to the area, scanning means for scanning an irradiation range so that the electromagnetic wave output from the electromagnetic wave irradiating means spreads over the entire area of the soil, and electromagnetic wave irradiating range by the electromagnetic wave irradiating means. Temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the soil in, based on the detected temperature detected by the temperature detection means, output intensity control means for controlling the output intensity of the electromagnetic wave by the electromagnetic wave irradiation means within each electromagnetic wave irradiation range, ,have.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the output intensity of the electromagnetic wave by the electromagnetic wave irradiating means can be controlled based on the detected soil temperature, so that the soil temperature can be adjusted depending on the location.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the soil temperature control apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the scanning means is arranged at an elevated position where the electromagnetic wave irradiating means can overlook the entire area of the soil. And an altering means for changing an irradiation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the electromagnetic wave irradiating means provided on the elevated stand.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, even if the electromagnetic wave irradiating means is fixed to the gantry, the irradiation direction is changed from the gantry to irradiate the electromagnetic waves, so that the entire soil can be heated. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the soil temperature control apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the scanning means is mounted with an irradiation surface of the electromagnetic wave irradiation means facing the soil. It is a moving object that moves in the soil area.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the moving body on which the electromagnetic wave irradiating means is mounted moves in the soil area and irradiates the electromagnetic wave with the irradiation surface of the electromagnetic wave irradiating means facing the soil. Therefore, the entire soil can be heated.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the soil temperature control apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a predetermined object within an electromagnetic wave irradiation range of the electromagnetic wave irradiation means is set. Object detecting means for detecting the presence or absence of the object, and limiting means for restricting the irradiation of the electromagnetic wave when the object detecting means detects the object.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when a predetermined object is present in the electromagnetic wave irradiation range, the irradiation of the electromagnetic wave is restricted. Irradiation can be limited.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the soil temperature control device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the soil is heated to a temperature at which living organisms cannot live. .

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the soil is heated to a temperature at which no living organisms can live, pests existing in the soil can be killed.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the soil temperature control apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the cultivated plant is cultivated in the soil or the cultivated plant is cultivated in the soil and replanted. The method is characterized in that the soil is heated to a temperature at which the organism cannot inhabit.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, no cultivated plant is cultivated in the soil before the cultivated plant is cultivated in the soil or before the cultivated plant is cultivated and replanted in the soil.
Therefore, since the soil is heated in a state where the cultivated plant is not cultivated, it is possible to prevent the cultivated plant from being killed.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the soil temperature control apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the electromagnetic wave absorbing member is disposed at a location other than the root of the cultivated plant and the vicinity of the root. I do.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the roots of the cultivated plant and portions other than the vicinity of the root are heated, the roots of the cultivated plant and the vicinity of the root are not heated.
Killing of cultivated plants can be prevented.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the soil temperature control apparatus according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, the electromagnetic wave absorbing member is formed in a sheet shape or a net shape. Features.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the electromagnetic wave absorbing member is formed into a sheet shape or a net shape, for example, when the soil freezes or snows, the electromagnetic wave absorbing member absorbs the ice or snow on the soil. Are in direct contact, and thus can efficiently melt ice and snow on the soil. Further, for example, when weeds grow on the soil, the electromagnetic wave absorbing member directly contacts the weeds on the soil, so that the weeds on the soil can be efficiently killed.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a schematic overall configuration diagram of a soccer field 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a soccer field 10 has a ground 12 as soil, a stand 13 for mobilizing spectators, and a ground 12 and a stand 13 which are separated from each other.
And a fence 14 surrounding the fence.

The ground 12 has a rectangular shape having a long side dimension and a short side dimension in accordance with the rules of soccer.
The side line 15, the center line 16, the end line 17, the center circle 18 and the like are drawn by white lines, and the goal 19 is arranged on both end lines 17.

The stand 13 is formed in a rectangular shape outside the ground 12 so as to surround the ground 12, is provided with an inclination, and becomes higher as the distance from the ground 12 increases.

A lawn 20 is grown on the ground 12. Further, when the ground 12 is frozen or snow-covered or when the lawn 20 is replanted, the ground 12 is provided with a carbon fiber 32 as an electromagnetic wave absorbing member. The carbon fiber 32 is formed in a sheet shape as shown in FIG.
2 is coated. Further, the carbon fiber 32 has a property of generating heat by absorbing electromagnetic waves, and can heat the ground 12 by a heat exchange action by absorbing and generating heat. In addition, the larger the amount of the carbon fiber 32 coated on the ground 12, the larger the amount of electromagnetic wave absorption is.

On the upper side of both sides of the stand 13 shown in FIG. 1, there are built illumination lamps 24 as elevated parts on which the light bulbs 22 are arranged in a matrix as shown in FIG. At the upper part, a phased array antenna 26 as an electromagnetic wave irradiation means for irradiating an electromagnetic wave is provided.

Here, the phased array antenna 26
In the figure, a plurality of horn antennas 30 are arranged in a plane as element antennas, and this arrangement is fixed. Then, by changing the excitation phase of each horn antenna 30, the irradiation direction can be changed to an arbitrary direction in space.
Therefore, even if the phased array antenna 26 is fixed to the illumination lamp 24, the entire ground 12 can be irradiated with the electromagnetic wave by changing the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic wave.

A temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature distribution of the ground 12 and an object detecting means for detecting an object which should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves, such as a person who has entered the ground 12, are provided above the stand 13 in FIG. A thermoviewer 28 is provided as a means.

Here, the thermo-viewer 28 detects the temperature of the object by detecting infrared rays emitted from the object. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the ground 12 can be detected, and the person or the like existing in the ground 12 can be detected by detecting the temperature of a person or the like.

It should be noted that a temperature / humidity distribution measuring device using sound may be used as the temperature detecting means instead of the thermoviewer 28. Here, the temperature / humidity distribution measuring device measures the sound propagation speed in the soil using a sound speed sensor by utilizing the fact that the sound propagation speed in the soil changes depending on the temperature and humidity of the soil. It measures the temperature and humidity distribution.

A visible light camera may be used instead of the thermo-viewer 28 as the object detecting means. Here, the visible light camera detects an object such as a person, which is not to be irradiated with electromagnetic waves, by capturing an image of the object.

FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the control device 42.

As shown in FIG. 4, an electromagnetic wave is output to a control device 42 as an output intensity control means for controlling the output intensity of the electromagnetic wave to be irradiated and a control means 42 for limiting the irradiation of the electromagnetic wave by an object to be irradiated with the electromagnetic wave. Electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44
The phased array antenna 26 is connected to the electromagnetic wave irradiation power supply 44. The control device 42
The image processing device 46 converts the temperature distribution of the ground 12 detected by the thermoviewer 28 and an object such as a person present in the ground 12 which should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves into an image.
Is connected, and the thermo-viewer 2 is connected to the image processing device 46.
8 are connected. The electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44 includes a power supply for supplying power, a magnetron that oscillates electromagnetic waves, and the like, and outputs electromagnetic waves.

The operation of the first embodiment will be described below.

When the ground 12 freezes or snows, the ground 12 is covered with carbon fibers 32. Then, the ground 12 is displayed by the thermo viewer 28.
Temperature distribution and the intrusion of a person into the ground 12, etc.
The image is confirmed through the image processing device 46.

When it is confirmed that a person has entered the ground 12, the controller 42 controls the controller 42 so as to avoid the person and radiate an electromagnetic wave from the phased array antenna 26 to the ground 12, or to control the electromagnetic wave from the phased array antenna 26. Stop irradiation. Also contact relevant departments as necessary. In this way, it is possible to prevent a person from being irradiated with electromagnetic waves.

On the other hand, when it is confirmed that no person has entered the ground 12, the ground 12 is detected in accordance with the temperature distribution of the ground 12 detected by the thermo-viewer 28.
Is irradiated with electromagnetic waves. Here, the electromagnetic wave is output from the electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44, and the electromagnetic wave is scanned by the phased array antenna 26 and irradiated on the ground 12.
At this time, the output intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the phased array antenna
Control is performed based on the scanning speed and the degree of convergence of electromagnetic waves.

The radiated electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the ground 1
The carbon fiber 32 covered with the second fiber 2 is absorbed, and the carbon fiber 32 generates heat, and the ground 12 is heated by a heat exchange action. At this time, the ground 12 is heated until the ice and snow on the ground 12 are melted. Thereby, even when the ground 12 is frozen or snow-covered, ice and snow on the ground 12 can be easily melted, and therefore, the ground 12 can be used. Further, since the carbon fiber 32 is formed in a sheet shape, the carbon fiber 32 directly contacts the ice or snow on the ground 12, so that the ice or snow on the ground 12 can be efficiently melted.

When the lawn 20 of the ground 12 is to be replanted, the ground 12 is coated with the carbon fiber 32 and then the electromagnetic wave is irradiated from the phased array antenna 26 to heat the ground 12 to a high temperature as described above. I do. Thereby, the soil can be sterilized in the ground 12. Further, since the ground 12 is heated in a state where the lawn 20 is not grown, it is possible to prevent the lawn 20 from being killed.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the ground 12 can be remotely heated from the phased array antenna 26, and the entire ground 12 can be heated.

Further, since only the carbon fiber 32 is provided in the ground 12, unlike the case where pipes and the like are provided, no accident occurs in the underground part of the ground 12, and the soil temperature control device is provided. Can be easily managed, and the management cost can be kept low. Thereby, the soil temperature control device can be operated stably for a long period of time. (Modification) In this modification, a parabolic antenna 48 is used instead of the phased array antenna 26 as the electromagnetic wave irradiation means. As shown in FIG. 5, the parabolic antenna 48 is disposed above the illumination lamp 24, similarly to the phased array antenna 26 of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, the parabolic antenna 48
It comprises a shaft 50, a parabolic reflector 52, a joint 54 between the shaft 50 and the reflector 52, and a primary radiator 56. The radiation surface 58 of the primary radiator 56 is fixed at the focal point of the paraboloid of the reflecting mirror 52. Further, a ball joint or the like is applied to the joint 54, and the reflecting mirror 52 can freely swing around the joint 54.

In this modification, the electromagnetic wave radiated from the primary radiator 56 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 52, and the reflected electromagnetic wave is radiated to the ground 12. Here, the reflection mirror 52
By freely swinging the head, the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic wave can be changed, so that the entire ground 12 can be irradiated with the electromagnetic wave.

Therefore, in this modification, even if the axis 50 of the parabolic antenna 48 is fixed at a fixed position, the reflecting mirror 52 can be swung freely to scan the electromagnetic wave and irradiate the entire ground 12. Can be.

Although the structure for fixing the positions of the phased array antenna 26 and the parabolic antenna 48 has been described above, guide rails are arranged along a pair of side lines 15 of the ground 12, and guide rails are provided between the guide rails. And a block movable along the end line 17 may be provided on the bar to form a structure like a so-called XY plotter. In this case, the horn antenna 30 can be moved over the entire area of the ground 12 by attaching the horn antenna 30 to the block.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following embodiments, components that are basically the same as the components described in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the components are omitted. [Second Embodiment] FIG. 7 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a golf course 66 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, a pole 72 is erected on each green 70 of the 18 holes 68 of the golf course 66.

The lawn 20 is grown on the soil 74 of the golf course 66. When the soil 74 is frozen or snow-covered or when the lawn 20 is replanted, the soil 74 is provided with the carbon fiber 32 covering the surface of the soil 74.

As an electromagnetic wave irradiating means, an electromagnetic wave irradiating source 62 having a plurality of horn antennas 60 as element antennas as shown in FIG.
6 attached to the bottom 77. When the light truck 76 runs all around the golf course 66, each hole 68 of the golf course 66 can be irradiated with electromagnetic waves.

As a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the soil 74, a thermocouple 78 as shown in FIG. 9 is used. Here, the thermocouple 78 joins two metal wires of a metal wire 80 and a metal wire 82 of a different type from the metal wire 80 at both ends, and measures a current flowing when there is a temperature difference between the two junctions 84. By doing so, the temperature of the soil 74 is detected. In this case, one of the two junctions 84 is 0 ° C.
And the other junction 84 is the soil 74 to be measured.
Contact the inside point.

Here, the thermocouples 78 are arranged at a plurality of points in each hole 68 of the golf course 66 so that the temperature distribution of the soil 74 in each hole 68 of the golf course 66 can be detected.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of control device 42 according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 10, an electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44 is connected to a control device 42 as output intensity control means.
An electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 is connected to the electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44. Further, an image processing device 46 that converts a temperature distribution of the soil 74 of the golf course 66 detected by the thermocouple 78 into an image is connected to the control device 42. The control device 4
2. The electromagnetic oscillation power supply 44 and the image processing device 46 are provided in the light truck 76. In addition, thermocouple 78
The temperature distribution of the soil 74 of the golf course 66 detected by the method is communicated by radio waves to the image processing device 46 mounted on the light truck 76, and the temperature distribution of the soil 74 in each hole 68 of the golf course 66 inside the light truck 76. Can be recognized.

The operation of the second embodiment will be described below.

When the soil 74 freezes or snows,
The surface of the soil 74 is covered with the carbon fiber 32. Thereafter, the temperature distribution of the soil 74 in each hole 68 of the golf course 66 is detected by the thermocouple 78, and the temperature distribution is communicated to the light truck 76.
Confirm the image in 6.

Then, the light truck 76 moves all over the golf course 66, and irradiates the soil 74 with electromagnetic waves from the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 attached to the bottom 77 of the light truck 76.

At this time, according to the temperature distribution of the soil 74 in each hole 68 of the golf course 66, the controller 42 determines the output power of the electromagnetic wave output from the electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44 and applied to the soil 74 by the irradiation power and the electromagnetic wave convergence degree. , And the speed of the light truck 76.

The radiated electromagnetic waves are absorbed by the carbon fibers 32 coated on the soil 74, and the carbon fibers 32 generate heat.
Is heated. At this time, the soil 74 is heated until the ice and snow on the soil 74 are melted. Thereby, the soil 7 can be easily
4 can melt ice and snow, thus enabling the use of the golf course 66. In addition, since the carbon fiber 32 is formed in a sheet shape, the carbon fiber 32 directly contacts the ice or snow on the soil 74, and thus the ice or snow on the soil 74 can be efficiently melted.

When the lawn 20 is to be replanted, the soil 74 is coated with the carbon fiber 32, and then the soil 74 is irradiated with electromagnetic waves to heat the soil 74 until the temperature becomes high. Thereby, the soil 74 of the golf course 66 can be sterilized. Further, since the ground 12 is heated in a state where the lawn 20 is not grown, it is possible to prevent the lawn 20 from being killed.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the light truck 76 is moved all the way to each hole 68 of the golf course 66, so that the soil of each hole 68 scattered in the golf course 66 having a huge area is Electromagnetic waves can be applied to the entire 74.

Further, since only the carbon fiber 32 is provided on the soil 74, unlike the case where pipes and the like are provided, no accident occurs in the soil 74 and the soil temperature control device is provided. Can be easily managed, and the management cost can be kept low. Thereby, the soil temperature control device can be operated stably for a long period of time. Third Embodiment FIG. 11 shows a vegetable field 1 according to a third embodiment to which the soil temperature control device of the present invention is applied.
The schematic configuration of the main part of the 00 is shown in a sectional view.

In the soil 102 of the vegetable field 100, vegetables 104 as cultivated plants are cultivated. The vegetables 104 are cultivated by organic agriculture, and the soil 102 is continuously supplied with organic substances, and the same vegetables 104 have been cultivated for many years. Weeds (not shown) are growing on the soil 102.

The carbon fiber 32 is installed on the soil 102.
Is coated. In addition, carbon fiber 32
Is installed at a portion other than the root 106 and the vicinity of the root 106 of the vegetable 104.

The vegetable field 100 is provided with a phased array antenna 26 (see FIG. 3) similar to that of the first embodiment, and the phased array antenna 26 is fixed to an elevated platform (not shown). Phased array antenna 2
6 is connected to the electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44. The vegetable field 100 is provided with a thermo-viewer 28 (see FIG. 1). The thermo-viewer 28 detects the temperature distribution of the soil 102 and irradiates the vegetable field 100 with electromagnetic waves such as a person who has entered the vegetable field 100. It is designed to detect bad objects. An image processing device 46 is connected to the thermoviewer 28 so that the temperature distribution and the like of the soil 102 can be confirmed by an image using the image processing device 46. Further, the vegetable field 100 is provided with a control device 42, and the control device 42 is connected as shown in the block diagram of FIG.

After cultivation of the vegetables 104 on the soil 102 and before replanting, the carbon fibers 32 are
Is coated over the entire surface.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.

The soil 102 of the vegetable field 100 having the above configuration
During the cultivation of the vegetables 104, the thermoviewer 28 detects whether or not there is an object such as a person, which should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves, in the vegetable field 100, and confirms by the image processing device 46. Is done.

When it is confirmed that there is an object such as a person not to be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the vegetable field 100, the control unit 42 controls the irradiation of the electromagnetic waves to the soil 102 to be stopped.

When it is confirmed that there is no object, such as a person, to be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the vegetable field 100, the control unit 42 controls the electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44 to output electromagnetic waves. When an electromagnetic wave is output from the electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44, the soil 1
02 is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave. At this time, the phased array antenna 26 scans the electromagnetic wave and irradiates the whole area of the soil 102 with the electromagnetic wave.

The irradiated electromagnetic waves are absorbed by the carbon fibers 32 coated on the surface of the soil 102, whereby the carbon fibers 32 generate heat, and the soil 102 is heated by a heat exchange action. At this time, heating is performed until the soil 102 reaches a temperature at which weeds are burned off. This is performed by detecting the temperature of the soil 102 with the thermo-viewer 28 and controlling the output intensity and the irradiation time of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the phased array antenna 26 in the control device 42.

At this time, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the phased array antenna 26 is 300 MHz to 30 GHz.
z, and the irradiation time of the electromagnetic wave is 1 second to 10 hours. Thereby, the heat generation temperature of the carbon fiber 32 is set to 45 ° C to 200 ° C. The soil 102
Although it is possible to heat weeds to burn out weeds throughout the season, it is more preferable to apply the herbicide in the early spring.

As described above, since the soil 102 is heated to a temperature at which the weeds are burned off, the weeds and the like can be easily killed. In addition, since the carbon fiber 32 is installed in a portion other than the root 106 and the vicinity of the root 106 of the vegetable 104, the root 106 and the vicinity of the root 106 of the vegetable 104 are not heated, and therefore, it is possible to kill the vegetable 104. Can be prevented. Further, since the shape of the carbon fiber 32 is formed in a sheet shape, the carbon fiber 32 directly contacts the weed on the soil 102, and thus the weed on the soil 102 can be efficiently killed.

Further, after cultivation of the vegetables 104 on the soil 102 and before replanting, the carbon fibers 32 are
Is coated over the entire surface. Thereafter, as described above, when it is confirmed that there is no object such as a person that should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the vegetable field 100, the phased array antenna 26 irradiates the soil 102 with electromagnetic waves. As a result, the carbon fibers 32 generate heat, and the entire surface of the soil 102 is heated by the heat exchange action. At this time, under the control of the control device 42, the soil 102 is heated to a temperature at which pests such as pests (insects and the like), diseased microorganisms, weeds and weed seeds or residual roots cannot be inhabited.

At this time, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the phased array antenna 26 is 100 MHz to 10 GHz.
z, and the electromagnetic wave is irradiated for 5 seconds to 24 hours /
Day.

As described above, since the soil 102 is heated to a temperature at which no pests can inhabit, the pests existing in the soil 102 can be killed. In addition, vegetables 1
Since the soil 102 is heated after the cultivation of the 04 and before the replanting, the soil 102 can be heated in a state where the vegetables 104 are not cultivated, and thus the killing of the vegetables 104 can be prevented.

Further, in this embodiment, unlike the conventional cultivation countermeasures, there is no need to find damaged cultivated plants and pests, and there is no oversight when these are found. Can be a complete measure against

Further, unlike the conventional physical countermeasures, there is no influence from the season or the weather, and the used vinyl does not become a pollution source.

Further, unlike the conventional chemical countermeasures, since no chemical is used, no pollution of soil or groundwater occurs, and it can be harmonized with the environment. In addition, if there is an object such as a person that should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the vegetable field 100, the electromagnetic waves are not irradiated, so that adverse effects on the human body can be prevented. Further, the heating of the soil 102 for organic agriculture also kills the useful microorganisms once, but the effect is extremely short-term, and the supply of new organic matter enables the quick recovery of the useful microorganisms.

Also, unlike conventional biological countermeasures, since all kinds of pests can be handled by a combination of the density of the carbon fibers 32 covering the soil 102 and the irradiation intensity of electromagnetic waves, general soil disinfection is possible. Moreover, the cost can be reduced because of the simple method of irradiating the soil 102 with electromagnetic waves. Further, unlike conventional artificial measures, the number of manpower can be minimized and labor costs can be reduced.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the killing of the pests present in the soil can be prevented from affecting the human body and can be harmonized with the environment. It can be carried out.

In the above-described third embodiment, the carbon fiber 32 is coated on the entire surface of the soil 102 before cultivating the vegetable 104 on the soil 102 and replanting the vegetable 104. However, the vegetable 104 is grown on the soil 102. First, the surface of the soil 102 is coated with the carbon fiber 32 to make the soil 1
02 may be irradiated with an electromagnetic wave. Thereby, vegetables 10
Before cultivating No. 4, pests existing in the soil 102 can be killed. Fourth Embodiment FIG. 12 shows a park 11 according to a fourth embodiment to which the soil temperature control device of the present invention is applied.
0 is shown in a sectional view, and FIG.
The schematic configuration of the park 110 is shown in a perspective view.

In the soil 112 of the park 110, trees 114 as cultivated plants are cultivated. In addition, soil 112
, Weeds (not shown) are growing.

The carbon fiber 32 is installed on the soil 112, and the carbon fiber 32 is
Is coated. In addition, carbon fiber 32
Is installed at a portion other than the base 116 and the vicinity of the base 116 of the tree 114.

In the park 110, a self-propelled machine 118 as a scanning means shown in FIG. 12 can run around. An electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 similar to the second embodiment is mounted on the upper part of the self-propelled machine 118, and the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 includes a plurality of horn antennas 60 (see FIG. 8B). ). The electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 has an irradiation surface facing the soil 112. Further, the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62
Is connected to an electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44. Further, the park 110 is provided with a thermo-viewer 28 (see FIG. 1) for detecting a temperature distribution of the soil 112 and detecting an object which should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves, such as a person who has entered the park 110. It has been like that. Thermo viewer 28
Can communicate with the image processing device 46 by radio waves, and the image processing device 46 can confirm the temperature distribution and the like of the soil 112 in an image. In addition, Park 1
10 is provided with a control device 42, and the control device 42 is connected as shown in the block diagram of FIG.

Further, after cultivating the tree 114 on the soil 112 and before replanting, the carbon fiber 32 is applied to the soil 112.
Is coated over the entire surface.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described.

In the soil 112 of the park 110 having the above configuration,
While the tree 114 is being grown, the thermoviewer 28 detects that there is no object such as a person that should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the park 110, and the image processing device 46 confirms it.

When it is confirmed that there is an object such as a person which should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the park 110, the control device 42 controls to stop the irradiation of the soil 112 with the electromagnetic waves.

When it is confirmed that there is no object such as a person which should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the park 110, the control unit 42 controls the electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44 to output electromagnetic waves. When an electromagnetic wave is output from the electromagnetic wave oscillation power supply 44, the electromagnetic wave is emitted from the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 to the soil 112. At this time, the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 scans the electromagnetic wave and irradiates the entire area of the soil 112 with the electromagnetic wave when the self-propelled machine 118 runs around the park 110.

The irradiated electromagnetic waves are absorbed by the carbon fibers 32 coated on the surface of the soil 112, whereby the carbon fibers 32 generate heat, and the soil 112 is heated by a heat exchange action. At this time, heating is performed until the soil 112 reaches a temperature at which weeds are burned off. This is performed by detecting the temperature of the soil 112 with the thermo-viewer 28 and controlling the output intensity and the irradiation time of the electromagnetic wave irradiated from the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 in the control device 42.

At this time, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave irradiated from the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 is set to 300 MHz to 30 GHz, and the irradiation time of the electromagnetic wave is set to 1 second to 10 hours. As a result, the heat generation temperature of the carbon fiber 32 becomes 45 ° C.
~ 200 ° C. Further, it is possible to burn the weeds by heating the soil 112 throughout the four seasons, but it is more preferable to apply the herbicide in the early spring.

As described above, since the soil 112 is heated to a temperature at which the weeds are burned off, the weeds and the like can be easily killed. Further, since the carbon fiber 32 is installed in a portion other than the root 116 and the vicinity of the root 116 of the tree 114, the root 116 and the vicinity of the root 116 of the tree 114 are not heated, and therefore, it is necessary to kill the tree 114. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the shape of the carbon fiber 32 is formed in a sheet shape, the carbon fiber 32 directly contacts the weed on the soil 112, and thus the weed on the soil 112 can be efficiently killed.

Further, after cultivating the tree 114 on the soil 112 and before replanting, the carbon fiber 32 is applied to the soil 112.
Is coated over the entire surface. Thereafter, as described above, when it is confirmed by the thermoviewer 28 that there is no object such as a person that should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the park 110, the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 irradiates the electromagnetic waves to the soil 112 with the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62. . As a result, the carbon fibers 32 generate heat, and the soil 112 is heated by the heat exchange action. At this time, under the control of the control device 42, the soil 112 is heated to a temperature at which pests such as pests (insects and the like), diseased microorganisms, weeds and weed seeds or residual roots cannot live.

At this time, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave irradiated from the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 is set to 100 MHz to 10 GHz, and the time for irradiating one place of the soil 112 with the electromagnetic wave is 5 seconds to 2 seconds.
4 hours / day.

As described above, since the soil 112 is heated to a temperature at which no pests can inhabit, the pests existing in the soil 112 can be killed. Tree 1
Since the soil 112 is heated after the cultivation of the tree 14 and before replanting, the soil 112 can be heated in a state where the tree 114 is not cultivated, and therefore, the tree 114 can be prevented from being killed.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, unlike the conventional cultivation countermeasures, there is no need to discover damaged cultivated plants and pests, and there is no oversight when these are found. Can be a complete measure against

Further, unlike the conventional physical countermeasures, it is not affected by the season and the weather, and the used vinyl does not become a pollution source.

Further, unlike the conventional chemical measures, since no chemical is used, no pollution of the soil or groundwater occurs, and it can be harmonized with the environment. In addition, if there is an object such as a person that should not be irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the park 110, the object is not irradiated with electromagnetic waves, so that adverse effects on the human body can be prevented.

Also, unlike the conventional biological countermeasures, all kinds of pests can be handled by a combination of the density of the carbon fibers 32 covering the soil 112 and the irradiation intensity of electromagnetic waves, so that general soil disinfection is possible. Moreover, the cost can be reduced due to the simple method of irradiating the soil 112 with electromagnetic waves. Further, unlike conventional artificial measures, the number of manpower can be minimized and labor costs can be reduced.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the killing of pests existing in soil can be prevented from affecting the human body and can be harmonized with the environment. It can be carried out.

In the above-described fourth embodiment, the carbon fiber 32 is coated on the entire surface of the soil 112 before the tree 114 is replanted after cultivation on the soil 112, but the tree 114 is cultivated on the soil 112. Before, the surface of the soil 112 is coated with the carbon fiber 32 to make the soil 1
12 may be irradiated with an electromagnetic wave. Thereby, the tree 11
Before cultivation of No. 4, pests existing in the soil 112 can be killed.

Further, in the above-described fourth embodiment, the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 is mounted on the self-propelled machine 118, but the electromagnetic wave irradiation source 62 may be pulled by a trailer or the like.

Further, in the first to fourth embodiments, the sheet-like carbon fiber 32 is used as the electromagnetic wave absorbing member, but instead of the carbon fiber 32, carbon-containing fiber, metal fiber, needle coke or Conductive materials such as needle carbon and ferrite may be used, and their shapes are also sheet-like, nets, pellets, blocks, lots, meshes,
It may be in the form of fibers or powder.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the electromagnetic waves are irradiated on the soil by scanning the electromagnetic waves. However, for example, when weeding the soil for growing garden trees or the like, The electromagnetic wave may be emitted by spot-like aiming by hand.

[0112]

According to the first, third and fourth aspects of the present invention, the soil can be remotely warmed and the soil can be heated over a wide area.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the output intensity of the electromagnetic wave by the electromagnetic wave irradiation means can be controlled based on the detected soil temperature, the soil temperature can be adjusted depending on the location. Therefore, for example, the speed of growing plants planted in soil can be adjusted depending on the location.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when there is, for example, a person in the electromagnetic wave irradiation range, irradiation of the person with electromagnetic waves can be restricted.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the soil is heated to a temperature at which living organisms cannot live, pests existing in the soil can be killed.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the soil is heated in a state where the cultivated plant is not cultivated, killing of the cultivated plant can be prevented.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the roots of the cultivated plant and portions other than the vicinity of the root are heated, it is possible to prevent the cultivated plant from being killed.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, for example,
When the soil freezes or snow-covers, the electromagnetic wave absorbing member directly contacts the ice or snow on the soil, so that the ice or snow on the soil can be efficiently melted. Further, for example, when weeds grow on the soil, the electromagnetic wave absorbing member directly contacts the weeds on the soil, so that the weeds on the soil can be efficiently killed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a soccer field according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a carbon fiber.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an illumination light and a phased array antenna of a soccer field according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a control device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an illumination light and a parabolic antenna of a soccer field according to a modified example of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a parabolic antenna according to a modified example of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a golf course according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8A is a schematic configuration diagram of a light truck according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 8B is a schematic configuration diagram of a bottom portion of the light truck according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a thermocouple according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a control device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic configuration of a main part of a vegetable field according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a schematic configuration of a park according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a schematic configuration of a park according to a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Soccer field 12 Ground (soil) 20 Lawn 24 Illumination lamp (elevated stand) 26 Phased array antenna (electromagnetic wave irradiation means) 28 Thermoviewer (temperature detection means and target object detection means) 32 Carbon fiber (electromagnetic wave absorption member) 40 Metal mesh (Reflecting member) 42 Controller (output intensity control means and limiting means) 48 Parabolic antenna (electromagnetic wave irradiation means) 62 Electromagnetic wave irradiation source (electromagnetic wave irradiation means) 66 Golf course 74 Soil 76 Light truck (scanning means) 78 Thermocouple ( Temperature detection means) 100 Vegetable field 102 Soil 104 Vegetables (cultivated plants) 110 Park 112 Soil 114 Trees (cultivated plants) 120 Self-propelled machine (scanning means)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Toru Inaoka 1-5-1, Otsuka, Inzai City, Chiba Pref. AA10 BA08 BB02 CA04 CB04 CB06 CC02 CD28 DA02 FA03 3K090 AA02 AA03 AA06 AA20 AB20 BA01 BB19 DA14 DA18 DA19 EB14 EB29 FA10

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. An electromagnetic wave absorbing member that is disposed so as to cover the surface of soil, absorbs electromagnetic waves and generates heat, and is installed corresponding to the soil and irradiates a part of the area of the soil with the electromagnetic waves. A soil temperature control device, comprising: an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit; and a scanning unit that scans an irradiation range so that the electromagnetic wave output from the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit spreads over the entire area of the soil. 2. An electromagnetic wave absorbing member that is disposed so as to cover the surface of soil, absorbs electromagnetic waves and generates heat, and is installed corresponding to the soil, and irradiates a part of the area of the soil with electromagnetic waves. An electromagnetic wave irradiation unit, a scanning unit that scans an irradiation range such that the electromagnetic wave output from the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit spreads over the entire area of the soil, and detects a temperature of the soil within the electromagnetic wave irradiation range by the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit. Temperature control means for controlling the output intensity of electromagnetic waves by the electromagnetic wave irradiation means within each electromagnetic wave irradiation range, based on the detected temperature detected by the temperature detection means. apparatus. 3. The scanning unit changes an irradiation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit provided on the elevated stand for arranging the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit at an elevated position overlooking the entire area of the soil. The soil temperature control device according to claim 1, wherein the soil temperature control device comprises: a change unit. 4. The scanning unit according to claim 1, wherein the scanning unit is a moving body having an irradiation surface of the electromagnetic wave irradiation unit facing the soil and moving in a soil area.
Or the soil temperature control device according to claim 2. 5. An object detecting means for detecting the presence or absence of a predetermined object within an electromagnetic wave irradiation range of said electromagnetic wave irradiating means, and irradiating an electromagnetic wave when said object detecting means detects said object. The soil temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a limiting unit configured to limit the temperature. 6. The soil temperature control device according to claim 1, wherein the soil is heated to a temperature at which living organisms cannot live. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the cultivation plant is cultivated in the soil or before the cultivation plant is cultivated in the soil and replanted, the soil is heated to a temperature at which the organisms cannot inhabit. Soil temperature control device. 8. The soil temperature control device according to claim 6, wherein the electromagnetic wave absorbing member is disposed at a portion other than the root of the cultivated plant and the vicinity of the root. 9. The soil temperature control device according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the electromagnetic wave absorbing member is a sheet shape or a net shape.