JP2022050545A - 敗血症を処置するための方法および組成物 - Google Patents
敗血症を処置するための方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2013年11月8日に出願された、出願番号第61/901,656号の米国仮出願の利益を主張し、その出願の開示内容は、それら全体を参照することによって本明細書に組み込まれ、そして、2014年10月8日に出願された、出願番号第62/061,391号の米国仮出願の利益を主張し、その出願の開示内容は、それら全体を参照することによって本明細書に組み込まれる。
他に明確に記載されていない限り、本明細書において規定される方法または態様が、その工程が特定の順序で行われることを必要としていると解釈されることは全く意図されていない。したがって、方法のクレームが、工程は特定の順序に制限されるべきであるとクレームまたは発明の詳細な説明中で特に言及していない場合、いかなる点においても順序が暗示することは全く意図されていない。これは、例えば工程または操作フローの配置に関する論理的な事項、文法上の構成または区切りから導かれる単純な意味、または明細書中に記載される態様の数もしくは種類などを含む他の可能な明示していない解釈の基礎についても同様である。
1.研究の個体群
61人の被験者が登録された:43人が無作為に処置群へ、および18人がプラセボ群へと登録された(図1)。これらのうち、43人(70%)、すなわち処置群のうちの31人、およびプラセボ群のうちの12人がEV陽性と確認された。研究は研究試薬の失効により登録数を満たす前に終了した。治療の早期中断およびプロトコールの中断の頻度には、研究群のあいだで違いは見られなかった(それぞれ、9%対28%、p=0.11、および56%対72%、p=0.27);しかしながら、プロトコールの中断に対する理由には違いが見られた(p=0.04):処置群中で43人中10人(23%)の被験者が死亡対プラセボ群中で18人中8人(44%)が死亡、ならびに、処置群中で43人中9人(21%)の被験者が追跡不能例対プラセボ群中で18人中1人(6%)が追跡不能例。EV敗血症(肝炎、凝固障害、および/または心筋炎)が疑われる新生児が1999年6月~2010年12月にかけて19のセンターにおいて登録された。
ブロックサイズを無作為に変えた、2:1の治験薬:プラセボ無作為化が用いられた。無作為化のコードは、コーディネイトセンターの生物統計学者のみに利用可能であった。被験者は、初め、40mg/mLのプレコナリルの液体製剤(ViroPharma, Inc.: Exton, PA)の5.0mg/kg/dose、または、組成物と活性な治験薬を含んでいないこと以外全く同一な対応プラセボを受け取った。液体製剤は2002年5月31日に有効期限が切れ、その後処方は、製造者によって40mg/mLの懸濁液へと変えられた。被験者は、プレコナリル懸濁液の8.5mg/kg/dose(プレコナリル液剤の5.0mg/kg/doseと類似の薬剤暴露を提供することが示されている)または対応プラセボを受け取った。プレコナリル処方および対応プラセボの両方が、8時間毎×7日間、1.0mLの母乳または人工乳において経口または経口胃のチューブによって投与され、そしてそうでなければNPOである被験者に与えられた。被験者は、抗生物質、アシクロビル、向心臓薬、およびIVIGを受けることが許可された。登録後にEV感染以外の病気の病因学が実証された被験者においては、治験薬/プラセボが中断された。
およそ67%の登録された被験者がEV感染であると確認されるであろうという期待値に即して、EV疾患であると確認された45人の被験者である標的のサンプルサイズが、
中咽頭から脱落してくるウイルスの5日目における96%~70%の減少を検出するための充分な能力を提供するために選択された。EVが確認された被験者(培養-またはPCR-陽性)は、ウイルス学的および臨床的有効性分析に加えられ、全ての登録された被験者は、安全性試験に加えられ、そして、薬物動態データが得られたプレコナリル受容者(EV感染性かどうかに関わらず)は、薬物動態学的分析に加えられた。生存分析は、全ての登録された群についておよびEVが確認された被験者について行われた。
処置群のうちの19人の被験者およびプラセボ群のうちの7人の被験者が、処置期間において任意の部位において培養陽性であり、そして、処置群のうちの31人の被験者およびプラセボ群のうちの12人が処置期間において任意の部位においてPCR陽性であった。すべての培養陽性被験者はまた、PCR陽性でもあった。処置群における24人のEVが確認された被験者のうち6人(25%)およびプラセボ群の10人のうちの3人(30%)が1日目において中咽頭からの培養が陽性であり、そして、どの被験者も5日目においては中咽頭から培養可能なウイルスを放出しなかった(図2)。中咽頭の培養物が陰性のままとなる中央値は、処理群およびプラセボ群の両方において3.0日であった。任意の部位からの培養が陽性である被験者のうち、処置群中の者は、プラセボ群中の者よりも全ての部位においてより速く培養陰性となった(傾向差が見られた(p=0.008)):処置群中の培養陽性被験者間での培養陰性までの時間の中央値は、4.0日であり、対して、プラセボ群においては7.0日であった(図3)。類似のパターンが尿においても観察された(それぞれ、培養が陰性のままとなるまでの時間の中央値=4.0日に対し7.0日;p=0.005;図3)が、他の個々の部位では見られなかった。
全ての登録された被験者のうち、処置群の43人のうちの10人(23%)およびプラセボ群の18人のうちの8人(44%)が死亡し、2か月以上の累積的な生存は、処置群においてより大きかった(p=0.02)。EV確認された被験者のうち、処置群の31人のうちの7人(23%)およびプラセボ群の12人のうちの5人が死亡し、累積的な生存の傾向は処置群において高い。処置群における累積的な生存は、18か月以上にわたってプラセボ群のものを超え続けた(全ての被験者間でp=0.07、およびEV確認された被験者かんでp=0.23)。
EV培養および核酸増幅法(PCR)のための標本は、中咽頭、直腸、尿、および血清から1~5、7、10、14日目に得られた。薬学動態的分析のための血漿は、1日目(治験薬投与後2、4および8時間)ならびに3日目および7日目(投与前、および投与後2および4時間)に得た。血液学的および化学的検査が治験1、3、5、7、10および14日目、および尿分析が1および7日目に行われた。持続性の異常は、2、6、12、18、および24か月後における受診で対処された。副作用が各評価のたびに記録され、そして、治験の処置との関係が部位担当医師によって決定された。
処置群に登録された被験者の86%およびプラセボ群の94%が副作用を経験し、そのうちそれぞれ3%および18%のみが処置に関連している可能性のある/おそらく関連していると判定された事象を経験していた。事象/被験者の数および深刻性の分布は、群の間で同様であった。ただ一人の被験者(プラセボ群)のみが処置に関連している可能性のある/おそらく関連していると考えられる深刻な副作用を経験した。病気の原因として(3人)または死亡の原因として(5人)の単純ヘルペスウイルスの同定以外に、副作用に起因して処置から撤退した被験者はいなかった。
Claims (11)
- プレコナリルの改良された処方を含む組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物であって、薬学的に許容可能なオイル、薬学的に許容可能なエステル混合物、飽和脂肪酸、ヒドロフルオロカーボン、および/またはそれらの組合せを含むプレコナリルの経口処方を含む組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物であって、前記処方が、プレコナリルのナノエマルションを含み、および、前記プレコナリルの粒子サイズが、50~500nm、50~400nm、50~300nm、100~200nmまたは100nmを含む組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物であって、プレコナリルを含む前記組成物が、高分子リン脂質ミセル中に組み込まれており、前記高分子リン脂質ミセルが、PEG、疎水性ジアシルリン脂質と共役したPEG、ホスファチジルコリン、または卵ホスファチジルコリンを含み、前記高分子リン脂質ミセルの粒子の大きさが、5~100nm、5~80nm、10~50nmまたは10nmを含む組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物であって、プレコナリルを含む前記組成物が、経口処方を含み、前記経口処方が、任意には担体粒子と組み合わされた、プレコナリルのコロイド粒子を含み、前記担体粒子が、シリカ粒子、PEG、またはヒドロキシメチルプロピルメチルセルロースを含む組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物であって、プレコナリルを含む前記組成物が、経口処方を含み、前記経口処方が、環状オリゴ糖中に組み入れられたプレコナリルの粒子を含み、前記環状オリゴ糖が、2-ヒドロキシプロピル-β-シクロデキストリン、メチル-β-シクロデキストリン、またはスルホブチル-β-シクロデキストリンを含む組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物であって、プレコナリルを含む前記組成物が、経口処方を含み、前記経口処方が、水中油型マイクロエマルションを含み、前記水中油型マイクロエマルションにおけるオイルが、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド、水素化された薬学的に許容可能なオイル、またはエチルアルコールを含み、前記マイクロエマルションの粒子サイズが、1~100nm、5~90nm、5~50nm、または8~12nmである組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物であって、プレコナリルを含む前記組成物が、経口処方を含み、前記経口処方が、消化され得るオイルと組み合わされた、プレコナリルの噴霧乾燥されたエマルションを含む組成物。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、プレコナリルの薬学的に許容可能な塩をさらに含む組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、前記処方が、経口投与、経皮投与、吸入による投与、鼻腔内投与、局所投与、膣内投与、点眼、耳内投与、脳内投与、経直腸投与、経舌下投与、口腔内投与、および非経口投与、注射による投与、静脈内投与、動脈内投与、筋肉内投与、または心臓内皮下投与を介したデリバリーのためにデザインされており、および、プレコナリルを含む前記組成物が、任意には持続放出性組成物中に組み込まれている組成物。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、前記処方が、アバカビル、アシクロビル、アシクロビル、アデホビル、アマンタジン、アンプレナビル、アンプリゲン、アルビドール、アタザナビル、アトリプラ、バラビル、ボセプレビル、シドフォビル、コンビビル、ドルテグラビル、ダルナビル、デラビルジン、ジダノシン、ドコサノール、エドズジン、エファビレンツ、エムトリシタビン、エンフビルチド、エンテカビル、エコリバー、ファムシクロビル、ホミビルセン、ホスアンプレナビル、ホスカルネット、ホスホネット、融合阻害剤、ガンシクロビル、イバシタビン、イムノビル、イドクスウリジン、イミキモド、インジナビル、イノシン、インテグラーゼ阻害剤、インターフェロンIII型、インターフェロンII型、インターフェロンI型、インターフェロン、ラミブジン、ロピナビル、ロビリド、マラビロク、モロキシジン、メチサゾン、ネルフィナビル、ネビラピン、ネキサビル、ヌクレオシドアナログ、オセルタミビル(タミフル(登録商標))、ペグインターフェロンα-2a、ペンシクロビル、ペラミビル、ポドフィロトキシン、プロテアーゼ阻害剤、ラルテグラビル、逆転写酵素阻害剤、リバビリン、リマンタジン、リトナビル、ピラミジン、サキナビル、ソホスブビル、スタブジン、相乗的エンハンサー(抗レトロウイルス剤)、テラプレビル、テノホビル、テノホビルジソプロキシル、チプラナビル、トリフルリジン、トリジビル、トロマンタジン、ツルバダ、トラポルベッド、バラシクロビル(バルトレックス(登録商標))、バルガンシクロビル、ビクリビロク、ビダラビン、ビラミジン、ザルシタビン、ザナミビル(リレンザ(登録商標))、またはジドブジンを含む一つまたはそれ以上の追加の抗ウイルス剤をさらに含む組成物。
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JP2009526063A (ja) * | 2006-02-09 | 2009-07-16 | シェーリング コーポレイション | 医薬製剤 |
JP2009526062A (ja) * | 2006-02-09 | 2009-07-16 | シェーリング コーポレイション | 薬学的処方物 |
JP2009526064A (ja) * | 2006-02-09 | 2009-07-16 | シェーリング コーポレイション | 薬学的調合物 |
US20110237686A1 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-29 | Cerulean Pharma Inc | Formulations and methods of use |
WO2012103038A2 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-02 | Anterios, Inc. | Nanoparticle compositions, formulations thereof, and uses therefor |
JP2017503005A (ja) * | 2013-11-08 | 2017-01-26 | アンチウイルス セラピューティクス | 敗血症を処置するための方法および組成物 |
JP2020002167A (ja) * | 2013-11-08 | 2020-01-09 | アンチウイルス セラピューティクス | 敗血症を処置するための方法および組成物 |
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EP4241771A3 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
JP2020002167A (ja) | 2020-01-09 |
US20210322389A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
US20240245655A1 (en) | 2024-07-25 |
WO2015070181A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
US20190343811A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
US20160271113A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
EP3065550A4 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
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