JP2022026617A - Welding tool - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a welding tool capable of preventing handshake of a welding torch, of preventing scattering of sparks as well, and of preventing adhesion of spatter to a welding object by a simple structure.SOLUTION: A welding tool 1 to be used when fillet-welding a member 35 on a flat plate 31 includes a bottom plate 2 and a support plate 3 which is provided above the bottom plate 2 and supports a nozzle 21 of the welding torch 20 or its vicinity. When mounting the welding tool 1 on the flat plate 31 and fillet-welding the member 35, and the member 35 side is a front side, a space 9 whose front side is open and whose rear side is closed is formed between the bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3, fillet-welding can be performed while sliding the nozzle 21 or its vicinity on the support plate 3 by mounting the nozzle of the welding torch or the part nearby on the front side of the support plate 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a welding jig used for fillet welding a member onto a flat plate.

As a steel material for civil engineering and construction, a steel material called H-shaped steel is known. H-section steel is a pair of opposing flanges connected by a web. Members called gusset plates, stiffeners, and ribs are used to connect other H-shaped steels to the H-shaped steels, for example, at right angles. This joining is performed, for example, by fixing the gusset plate to one H-shaped steel in advance and tightening bolts in the holes provided in the gusset plate and the other H-shaped steel (see Patent Document 1).

The gusset plate and the like are fixed to the H-shaped steel by welding. At the time of welding, fillet welding is performed between the lower end of the gusset plate or the like and the web with the gusset plate or the like standing upright on the web of the H-shaped steel. Arc welding is used for fillet welding, and arc welding is performed while the tip of the welding torch is directed to the welding position and the welding torch is moved toward the lower end of the gusset plate or the like.

If the welding work using the welding torch is performed manually, the work load is heavy and the welding accuracy due to camera shake becomes a problem. In this regard, Patent Document 2 attaches a welding torch to a robot, teaches the robot, and then performs automatic welding. In addition, sparks and scattering of spatter become a problem during welding work. Patent Document 3 proposes a spark scattering prevention box that prevents sparks from scattering to the periphery by dropping sparks generated when welding a web and a flange of H-shaped steel.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2020-76232 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 59-178183 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-118305

However, although the work load is reduced in the automatic welding by the robot disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to introduce an expensive robot, which is a burden in terms of capital investment. In addition, it was not possible to prevent sparks and spatter from scattering just by performing automatic welding with a robot, and additional measures were required.

The spark scattering prevention box described in Patent Document 3 has a certain size and is provided with an opening / closing door, and cannot be said to have a small and simple structure, and is not easy to handle. Further, by using the spark scattering prevention box, it is possible to prevent the sparks from scattering to the periphery, but it is not intended to prevent the spatter from adhering to the H-shaped steel.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and although it has a simple structure, it is possible to prevent camera shake of the welding torch, and at the same time, prevent sparks from scattering and adhere spatter to the welding object. It is an object of the present invention to provide a welding jig capable of prevention.

In order to achieve the above object, the welding jig of the present invention is a welding jig used for fillet welding a member onto a flat plate, and is provided with a bottom plate and a nozzle of a welding torch provided on the upper side of the bottom plate. When the welding jig is mounted on the flat plate and the fillet welding of the member is performed, if the member side is the front side, the bottom plate and the support plate are provided. A space is formed in which the front side is open and the rear side is closed, and the nozzle of the welding torch or its vicinity is placed on the front side of the support plate, and the nozzle or its vicinity is slid on the support plate. However, it is characterized in that the fillet welding can be performed.

According to the welding jig of the present invention, although the main body portion is composed of a bottom plate and a support plate, fillet welding is performed while sliding the nozzle of the welding torch or its vicinity on the support plate. As a result, it is possible to prevent the welding torch from shaking, and at the same time, it is possible to prevent sparks from scattering and spatter from adhering to the welding object due to the space formed between the bottom plate and the support plate.

The welding jig of the present invention preferably has the following configurations. The support plate preferably has an inclined surface that is inclined so that the rear side is lower than the front side. According to this configuration, the space between the inclined surface and the welding torch becomes large, and it becomes difficult for the operator to touch the support plate which becomes hot during welding. Further, as compared with the case where the support plate has a rectangular cross section, the height can be secured with a short deployment dimension, which is advantageous for weight reduction. Further, by appropriately setting the angle of the inclined surface, the height and the length can be maintained, and the weight can be reduced without impairing the function of the welding jig.

The bottom plate preferably has a tapered surface formed on the front end portion. According to this configuration, by having the tapered surface, it is possible to prevent sparks and spatters from rebounding, and sparks and spatters are easily flowed into the space.

It is preferable that the support plate is made of a metal material, and a portion on which the nozzle or its vicinity is placed is formed by a bent portion whose front side is bent downward. According to this configuration, the curved surface portion formed by the bent portion can be utilized as the nozzle or the sliding portion in the vicinity thereof. Further, by forming the bent portion on the front side, the front side, which is the side to be welded, is reinforced, which is advantageous in preventing thermal deformation of the support plate.

When the welding jig is placed on the flat plate, it is preferable to have an adjuster capable of adjusting the protrusion from the bottom plate in order to stabilize the mounting state. According to this configuration, even if the flatness of the flat plate is low, the mounting state of the welding jig on the flat plate can be stabilized by adjusting the protrusion of the adjusting tool.

It is preferable that the bottom plate and the support plate are separate parts, and the adjuster also serves as a fixing tool for fixing the support plate to the bottom plate. According to this configuration, it is not necessary to add a work for fixing the bottom plate and the support plate or a fixture separately, so that it becomes easy to create a welding jig.

The effects of the present invention are as described above, and according to the present invention, the nozzle of the welding torch or its vicinity is slid on the support plate, although the main body portion is composed of the bottom plate and the support plate. By performing fillet welding, it is possible to prevent camera shake of the welding torch, and at the same time, the space formed between the bottom plate and the support plate prevents sparks from scattering and spatter from adhering to the object to be welded. Can be planned.

The perspective view which shows the state of performing the welding work using the welding jig which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The side view of FIG. A side view including a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the welding jig shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. In one embodiment of the present invention, a perspective view showing a state immediately before placing a welding jig on a web of H-shaped steel. In one embodiment of the present invention, a perspective view showing a state in which a welding jig is placed on a web of H-shaped steel.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which welding work is performed using the welding jig 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. This figure shows how the gusset plate 35 is welded to the web 31 of the H-section steel 30 (see FIG. 5). For convenience of illustration, the flanges 32 and 33 (see FIG. 5) on both sides of the web 31 are not shown. In the present embodiment, the gusset plate 35 will be described as an example of the member to be welded to the H-shaped steel 30, but a stiffener or a rib may be used.

By welding the gusset plate 35 to the web 31, another H-shaped steel can be connected to the H-shaped steel 30 via the gusset plate 35. The hole 36 is a hole for tightening a bolt to another H-shaped steel.

In FIG. 1, a nozzle 21 of a welding torch 20 for performing arc welding is placed on a support plate 2 of a welding jig 1. The nozzle 21 is attached to the tip of the torch body 22 connected to the grip 23, generates an arc between the welding wire 25 and the base metal to be welded, and welds by the heat of the arc. A torch cable 24 is connected to the grip 23, and the torch cable 24 supplies a welding current, a welding wire, and a shield gas. The operator grips the grip 23 and performs welding work.

The welding in FIG. 1 is fillet welding at the lower end of the gusset plate 35 erected vertically on the web 31. At the time of welding, the nozzle 21 of the welding torch 20 is placed on the support plate 2 of the welding jig 1 as shown in FIG. 1, and the nozzle is slid on the support plate 2 (direction of arrow a) for welding. And the weld bead 38 is formed. In the present embodiment, the example in which the nozzle 21 is placed on the support plate 2 will be described, but the nozzle 21 may be placed on the support plate 2 in the vicinity of the nozzle 21, or may be an insulator or a torch body 22 adjacent to the nozzle 21.

Hereinafter, the welding jig 1 and the welding operation will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side view including a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the welding jig 1 shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, in the state of use of the welding jig 1 as shown in FIG. 2, the welding target member side (gusset plate 35 side) is referred to as the front side, and the opposite side is referred to as the rear side.

In FIG. 2, the horizontal plane of the web 31 and the vertical plane of the gusset plate 35 are orthogonal to each other, and the intersection 37 between the horizontal plane and the vertical plane is a fillet welded portion. The tip of the nozzle 21 of the welding torch 20 faces the intersection 37, and the welding bead 38 is formed in the vicinity of the intersection 37.

In FIG. 2, the welding jig 1 is composed of a bottom plate 2 and a support plate 3 as a main body portion. As shown in FIG. 1, the bottom plate 2 is a flat plate-shaped member, and the support plate 3 is a bent flat plate-shaped member. The material of the bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3 is a metal material in order to prevent thermal deformation due to welding, for example, a steel material.

In FIG. 1, the bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3 are connected by bolts 5 on the rear side of the welding jig 1. More specifically, in FIG. 3, the shaft portion 7 of the bolt 5 inserts the spring washer 13, the support plate 3 and the bottom plate 2, and is further screwed with the nut 8 to form the bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3. It is combined.

The shaft portion 7 of the bolt 5 extends from the bottom plate 2, and when the welding jig 1 is placed on the web 31 as shown in FIG. 2, the front end portion of the bottom plate 2 and the shaft portion of the bolt 5 are provided. The tip of the portion 7 is in contact with the web 31. As will be described in detail later, the welding jig 1 can be stably mounted on the web 31 by adjusting the protrusion of the shaft portion 7 of the bolt 5 from the bottom plate 2.

In FIG. 2, the support plate 3 has an inclined surface 4 that is inclined so that the rear side is lower than the front side. By connecting the flat bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3 having the inclined surface 4, a space 9 is formed between the bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3 in which the front side is opened and the rear side is closed. By having the inclined surface 4, the space between the inclined surface 4 and the welding torch 20 becomes large, and it becomes difficult for the operator to touch the support plate 3 which becomes hot during welding. Further, as compared with the case where the support plate 3 has a rectangular cross section, the height can be secured with a shorter deployment dimension, which is advantageous for weight reduction.

Sparks and spatter are scattered by welding (arrow b), but these can be caught by the inner peripheral surface of the space 9. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bottom plate 2 has a tapered surface 10 formed at the front end portion. By having the tapered surface 10, it is possible to prevent sparks and spatter from rebounding, and sparks and spatter can easily flow into the space 9.

As shown in FIG. 1, since the welding jig 1 extends in the direction of progress of welding (arrow a), most of the portion of the web 31 adjacent to the welded portion is the bottom plate of the welding jig 1. It is covered with 2. In FIG. 1, there is a portion not covered by the bottom plate 2 in the vicinity of the end face of the web 31, but by appropriately moving the welding jig 1, the welding jig 1 covers the entire width of the web 31 during welding. Welding can be performed in a covered state.

As a result, it is possible to prevent spatter from adhering to the web 31 over the entire width of the web 31 during welding, and it is possible to prevent sparks from scattering to the worker side from beginning to end. In particular, when spatter adheres to the web 31, this removal work requires a large amount of labor using a tool, but by using the welding jig 1, the labor for such removal work is reduced to about 1/10. .. Spatter adheres to the welding jig 1, but the function of the welding jig 1 is not impaired and can be used repeatedly.

As described above, in FIG. 2, the bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3 are connected via the bolt 5, but the bolt 5 is a fixture and is mounted when the welding jig is placed on the web. It is also an adjuster for stabilizing the placement state. Even if the flatness of the back surface side of the bottom plate 2 is high, if the flatness of the web 31 is low, the welding jig 1 cannot be stably placed on the web. If the mounting state is unstable, the welding jig 1 will be displaced or rattled during welding, and the welding work will also be unstable.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the welding jig 1 is placed on the web 31, the front end of the bottom plate 2 and the tip of the shaft portion 7 of the bolt 5 are in contact with the web 31. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, bolts 5 are provided at two places. Therefore, the welding jig 1 can be supported at three points on the web 31. In this configuration, even if the flatness of the web 31 is low, the two bolts 5 can be reliably brought into contact with the web 31 by adjusting the protrusion of the shaft portion 7 of the bolt 5 from the bottom plate 2. In the case, the welding jig 1 is supported on the web 31 at three points by the front end of the bottom plate 2 and the two bolts 5, and the mounting state is stabilized. In FIG. 3, the head portion 6 of the bolt 5 may be rotated to adjust the protrusion of the bolt 5. Further, the bolts 5 having different lengths of the shaft portion 7 may be replaced.

In order to support the welding jig 1 at three places, at least two bolts 5 may be provided, and at least one of them may be adjustable. Further, in the present embodiment, an example of the bolt 5 is shown as a member that also serves as a fixing tool and an adjusting tool, but the bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3 may be fixed by welding or the like, and the bolt 5 may be dedicated to the adjusting tool. .. The adjusting tool is not limited to the bolt 5, and screws in general can be used.

Hereinafter, the welding work will be specifically described. In FIG. 1, the nozzle 21 of the welding torch 20 is placed on the support plate 3 of the welding jig 1 at the time of welding. In this state, the operator grips the grip 23 and performs welding while sliding the nozzle 21 on the support plate 3. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. In FIG. 4, the nozzle 21 is placed on the support plate 3. Therefore, during the welding work, the downward movement of the nozzle 21 (direction of arrow c) is restricted, and the nozzle 21 does not separate from the support plate 3 (direction of arrow d) unless the nozzle 21 is consciously lifted. ..

On the other hand, in the horizontal direction (arrow a direction or arrow b direction), which is the welding direction, the nozzle 21 can be easily moved along the support plate 3. That is, by using the welding jig 1, it is possible to prevent camera shake in directions other than the welding direction during welding work, and it is possible to perform easy and stable welding work.

In FIG. 1, the support plate 3 of the welding jig 1 forms a portion on which the nozzle 22 is placed by a bent portion 12 whose front side is bent downward. As a result, the curved surface portion formed by the bent portion 12 can be utilized as the sliding portion of the nozzle 21. Further, by forming the bent portion 12 on the front side, the front side, which is the welding object side, is reinforced, which is advantageous in preventing thermal deformation of the support plate 3.

Hereinafter, the installation of the welding jig 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state immediately before placing the welding jig 1 on the web 31 of the H-shaped steel 30. On the web 31 of the H-section steel 30, the gusset plate 35 is positioned by partial welding so as to bridge between the flange 32 and the flange 33. The intersection 37 between the horizontal surface of the web 31 and the vertical surface of the gusset plate 35 is the fillet welded portion.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the welding jig 1 is placed on the web 31. For the convenience shown, a part of the flange 32 is broken. In FIG. 6, the positional relationship between the gusset plate 35 and the welding jig 1 is the same as in FIG. The dimensions of each part of the H-shaped steel 30 are standardized. For example, the web height H (see FIG. 5) is about 100 mm to 900 mm. In the welding jig 1, if the length direction is the sliding direction of the nozzle 21 (direction of arrow e in FIG. 5), the length L of the welding jig 1 is shorter than the web height H by a predetermined dimension. , The welding jig 1 can be placed on the web 31 as shown in FIG.

When the web height H is large and the length of the intersection 37 which is the welded portion becomes long, the camera shake of the welding torch 20 (see FIG. 1) becomes a problem when the welding jig 1 is not used. Therefore, as a welding jig 1 for H-shaped steel having a web height H of, for example, 400 mm to 900 mm, a plurality of types of welding jigs 1 having different lengths L may be prepared. In this case, even if the length L of the welding jig 1 is slightly shorter than the web height H, by appropriately moving the welding jig 1 as described above, welding is performed over the entire width of the web 31 during welding. Welding can be performed while being covered with the jig 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the welding jig 1 is provided with a handle 11, and by grasping the handle 11, it can be installed on the H-shaped steel 30 or removed from the H-shaped steel 30. In FIG. 5, since the welding jig 1 can be carried on the web 31 while the handle 11 is gripped, the welding jig 1 can be easily used even when the flanges 32 and 33 are upright at both ends. It can be installed on the web 31.

As described above, the bottom plate 2 and the support plate 3 of the welding jig 1 are made of a metal material, and the length L of the welding jig 1 (see FIG. 5) is, for example, about 400 mm or more. , The weight is also heavy. Therefore, even if the welding jig 1 is placed on the web 31, the mounting state is stable, and it is not necessary to add a special support or the like.

On the other hand, if the length L of the welding jig 1 is long, the weight may become too heavy and the handling may become a burden. Therefore, in the state where the height h is maintained in FIG. 3, the inclination angle θ of the support plate 3 is increased to reduce the width W1 of the support plate 3, and the width W1 of the bottom plate 2 is reduced accordingly. The weight can be reduced while maintaining the height h and the length L (see FIG. 5). That is, since the support plate 3 of the welding jig 1 has the inclined surface 4, the weight can be reduced without impairing the function of the welding jig 1 by appropriately setting the angle of the inclined surface 4. ..

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the embodiment is an example and may be appropriately modified. For example, the bottom plate and the support plate may be integrated by one plate-shaped member, or conversely, the bottom plate and the support plate may be formed by joining a plurality of members. Further, the example in which the welding jig 1 is used for fillet welding a member on the web 31 of the H-shaped steel 30 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the welding jig 1 fills the member into a flat plate shape. It can be used when welding.

1 Welding jig 2 Bottom plate 3 Support plate 4 Inclined surface 5 Bolts (fixtures, adjusters)
9 Space 10 Tapered surface 11 Handle 20 Welding torch 21 Nozzle 30 H-shaped steel 31 Web (flat plate)
32, 33 Flange 35 Gusset plate (member)

In FIG. 1, a nozzle 21 of a welding torch 20 for performing arc welding is placed on a support plate 3 of a welding jig 1. The nozzle 21 is attached to the tip of the torch body 22 connected to the grip 23, generates an arc between the welding wire 25 and the base metal to be welded, and welds by the heat of the arc. A torch cable 24 is connected to the grip 23, and the torch cable 24 supplies a welding current, a welding wire, and a shield gas. The operator grips the grip 23 and performs welding work.

The welding in FIG. 1 is fillet welding at the lower end of the gusset plate 35 erected vertically on the web 31. At the time of welding, the nozzle 21 of the welding torch 20 is placed on the support plate 3 of the welding jig 1 as shown in FIG. 1, and the nozzle is slid on the support plate 3 (direction of arrow a) for welding. And the weld bead 38 is formed. In the present embodiment, the example in which the nozzle 21 is placed on the support plate 3 will be described, but the nozzle 21 may be placed on the support plate 3 in the vicinity of the nozzle 21, or may be an insulator or a torch body 22 adjacent to the nozzle 21.

Claims (6)

A welding jig used for fillet welding of members onto a flat plate.
With the bottom plate
It is provided on the upper side of the bottom plate and is provided with a support plate for supporting the nozzle of the welding torch.
When the welding jig is mounted on the flat plate and the fillet welding of the member is performed,
When the member side is the front side,
A space is formed between the bottom plate and the support plate with the front side open and the rear side closed.
A welding jig characterized in that a nozzle of the welding torch or its vicinity is placed on the front side of the support plate so that fillet welding can be performed while sliding the nozzle or its vicinity on the support plate. .. The welding jig according to claim 1, wherein the support plate has an inclined surface that is inclined so that the rear side is lower than the front side. The welding jig according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bottom plate has a tapered surface formed on the front end portion. The welding jig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the support plate is made of a metal material, and a portion on which the nozzle or its vicinity is placed is formed by a bent portion whose front side is bent downward. 7. Welding jig. The welding jig according to claim 5, wherein the bottom plate and the support plate are separate parts, and the adjusting tool also serves as a fixing tool for fixing the support plate to the bottom plate.

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