JP2022002470A - Seedling supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve work efficiency of a rice planting machine.SOLUTION: A seedling supply system is provided for supplying matted seedlings 30 to a seedling placing platform 5 of a rice planting machine which cuts seedlings out of the seedling placing platform 5 where the matted seedlings 30 are placed and plants them in a field. The seedling supply system includes: a spare seedling storage part 10 mounted in the rice planting machine, and storing the matted seedlings 30; a sensor 21 provided at the seedling placing platform 5, and detecting a remaining amount of the matted seedlings 30; and a seedling supply device 20 for supplying the matted seedlings 30 to the seedling placing platform 5 from the spare seedling storage part 10, when the sensor 21 detects that the remaining amount of the matted seedlings 30 becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined amount. The matted seedlings 30 are obtained by directly sowing multiple grains of seed rice in a mat member and raising the seedlings.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a seedling supply system for a transplanter for planting seedlings in a field.

As disclosed in Patent Document 1, the rice transplanter performs planting work while traveling in a field. The rice transplanter is equipped with a planting device, a seedling stand, and a spare seedling storage unit. The planting device takes out seedlings one by one from the mat-shaped seedlings placed on the seedling stand and plants them in the field. The spare seedling storage unit stores a carrier in which mat-shaped seedlings are stored. In addition, some types of rice transplanters perform work running by automatic running. Such a rice transplanter calculates a traveling route and automatically travels along the traveling route based on its own position calculated by using GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) or the like.

JP-A-2019-154394

However, even in a rice transplanter capable of automatic running, it is necessary to manually take out mat-shaped seedlings from a carrier stored in a spare seedling storage unit and transport them to a seedling stand. In addition, in the mat-shaped seedlings stored in the carrier, the roots of the seedlings may be entangled in the drain holes of the carrier, so it is necessary to perform root cutting work. Therefore, although the work efficiency of the rice transplanter has been improved by automatic running, the work required during the planting work such as the transportation of mat-shaped seedlings to the seedling stand still remains.

An object of the present invention is to further improve the work efficiency of a rice transplanter.

The seedling supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a seedling supply system that supplies the mat-shaped seedlings to the seedling stand of a rice planting machine that cuts out seedlings from a seedling stand on which mat-shaped seedlings are placed and plants them in a field. A spare seedling storage unit mounted on the rice planting machine to store the mat-shaped seedlings, a sensor provided on the seedling stand to detect the remaining amount of the mat-shaped seedlings, and the mat-shaped seedlings. When the sensor detects that the remaining amount is equal to or less than a predetermined amount, the sensor is provided with a seedling supply device for supplying the mat-shaped seedlings from the spare seedling storage unit to the seedling pedestal, and the mat-shaped seedlings have a plurality of grains. Seed fir is sapled directly on the mat member and raised.

With such a configuration, the mat-shaped seedlings are stored in the spare seedling storage section without being delivered to the carrier or the like, so that it is not necessary to take out the mat-shaped seedlings from the carrier or dispose of the unnecessary carrier. With a simple configuration, mat-shaped seedlings stored in the spare seedling storage section can be automatically replenished to the seedling stand.

Furthermore, with a simple configuration, before the mat-shaped seedlings on the seedling stand are insufficient, the mat-shaped seedlings can be taken out from the spare seedling storage section and replenished on the seedling stand, so that the planting work can be performed efficiently. be able to.

Further, the spare seedling storage portion includes a support portion and a seedling shelf that is detachably supported by the support portion, and the seedling shelf is transported in a state in which a plurality of the mat-shaped seedlings are stored. It may be supported by the support portion.

With such a configuration, the mat-shaped seedlings can be carried into the rice transplanter in the state of the nursery in which the mat-shaped seedlings are stored. Therefore, the step of storing the mat-shaped seedlings in the spare seedling storage section is omitted, and the mat-shaped seedlings can be easily and efficiently stored in the spare seedling storage section. As a result, the planting work can be efficiently performed.

Further, a nursery in which a plurality of the mat-shaped seedlings are stored and a transport device for transporting the mat-shaped seedlings from the nursery to the spare seedling storage unit may be provided.

With such a configuration, even when the seedling shelf is fixed to the spare seedling storage section, the mat-shaped seedlings can be easily transported to the spare seedling storage section and stored. Therefore, the mat-shaped seedlings can be efficiently replenished, and the planting work can be efficiently performed.

Further, the mat-shaped seedling may be produced by raising the seedling with the mat member stored in the nursery.

With such a configuration, it is not necessary to transfer the mat-shaped seedlings in which the seedlings have been raised to the nursery (spare seedling storage unit), and the planting work can be efficiently performed.

Further, it is preferable that the mat member is at least one of a sponge, a non-woven fabric, and a rice husk molded mat.

Sponge, non-woven fabric, and rice husk molded mat have high shape retention, high ease of growing, and low environmental load. Therefore, sponges, non-woven fabrics, and rice husk molded mats are suitable as mat members for mat-shaped seedlings. In particular, since the shape-retaining property is high, the mat-shaped seedlings are less likely to lose their shape during transportation without using a carrier, and the mat-shaped seedlings can be efficiently replenished.

It is a left side view which illustrates the schematic structure of a rice transplanter. It is a perspective view which illustrates the composition of the mat-shaped seedling. It is a left side view which illustrates the structure of the seedling supply device. It is a perspective view which illustrates the structure which replenishes a mat-like seedling to a spare seedling storage part.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the seedling supply system will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the direction of arrow U shown in FIG. 1 is upward, the direction of arrow D is downward, the direction of arrow F is forward, and the direction of arrow R is backward. Further, the left and right sides indicate the left side (facing the paper surface in FIG. 1) and the right side (facing the paper surface in FIG. 1) in a state of facing forward.

〔overall structure〕
First, a configuration example of a rice transplanter equipped with a seedling supply system will be described with reference to FIG. The rice transplanter includes a planting device 2, a pair of left and right front wheels 3, a pair of left and right rear wheels 4, a spare seedling storage section 10, and a seedling supply device 20. The planting device 2, the front wheel 3, the rear wheel 4, the spare seedling storage section 10, and the seedling supply device 20 are driven by an engine (not shown) or an electric motor (not shown) mounted on the machine body, and the machine body frame. Supported by 1.

The planting device 2 includes a seedling stand 5, a planting mechanism 6, and a float 7. The planting device 2 is supported by the machine frame 1 in a state where it can be raised and lowered by the link mechanism 8.
The seedling pedestal 5 is a pedestal on which the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are placed side by side in an number corresponding to the number of planting rows. The seedling stand 5 is divided into lengths corresponding to the width of the mat-shaped seedlings 30 by a partition plate (not shown), and a number of divisions corresponding to the number of planting rows are arranged in the left-right direction of the machine body. A plurality of mat-shaped seedlings 30 are placed in each section. Further, the seedling stand 5 includes a sensor 21 that detects the amount of mat-shaped seedlings 30 placed on the seedling stand 5 for each section. For example, the sensor 21 is a contact sensor provided at a predetermined position in each section. When the mat-shaped seedling 30 in a certain section comes into contact with the sensor 21, it can be seen that a predetermined amount or more of the mat-shaped seedling 30 is placed in the section.

The planting mechanisms 6 are provided side by side in a number corresponding to an arbitrary number of planting rows, corresponding to the sections. The planting mechanism 6 rotates around the axis left and right of the machine body, cuts one seedling 32 (see FIG. 2) from the mat-shaped seedling 30 placed on the seedling stand 5, and plants it in the field. For example, in the case of a rice transplanter for 6-row planting, the planting mechanism 6 and the seedling stand 5 have 6 sections. The float 7 prepares the field scene. Further, the rice transplanter may be provided with a fertilizer application device 9. The fertilizer application device 9 applies fertilizer delivered from the fertilizer storage unit to the seedlings 32 (see FIG. 2) planted by each planting mechanism 6.

The spare seedling storage unit 10 preliminarily stores the mat-shaped seedlings 30 for replenishing the seedling pedestal 5 during the planting work. As will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 3, the spare seedling storage portion 10 has a plurality of mat-shaped seedlings 30 mounted on a mounting portion (corresponding to a “supporting portion”) 11 supported by the machine frame 1. The nursery 12 is placed and supported.

The seedling supply device 20 is arranged between the spare seedling storage section 10 and the seedling stand 5, and transports the mat-shaped seedling 30 stored in the spare seedling storage section 10 to the seedling stand 5. When the sensor 21 provided in a certain section detects that the amount of mat-shaped seedlings 30 placed in the section is less than a predetermined amount, the seedling supply device 20 has a mat-shaped seedling stored in the spare seedling storage section 10. The seedlings 30 are taken out, the removed mat-shaped seedlings 30 are transported, and the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are automatically replenished in the section of the seedling stand 5.

As described above, the seedling supply system of the present invention includes a seedling stand 5, a spare seedling storage unit 10, and a seedling supply device 20.

[Mat-shaped seedlings]
Next, a configuration example of the mat-shaped seedling 30 will be described with reference to FIG.

The mat-shaped seedling 30 is composed of a mat member 31 and a seedling 32. The mat-shaped seedlings 30 are produced by holding the fir on the mat member 31 at predetermined intervals and raising the seedlings until the seedlings 32 grow to a predetermined size after the fir germinates. For example, the seedling 32 is raised in the mat member 31 by hydroponics or the like. Further, the mat-shaped seedling 30 is raised in a state where the mat member 31 is stored in the nursery shelf 12 from germination until the seedling 32 grows to a predetermined size. Further, the mat-shaped seedling 30 is configured only to include the seedling 32 in the mat member 31, and cannot be put in the carrier.

Here, when the mat-shaped seedling 30 is delivered to the carrier as in the conventional case, the seedling supply device 20 takes out only the mat-shaped seedling 30 from the carrier of the spare seedling storage unit 10 and puts the mat-shaped seedling on the seedling stand 5. It was necessary to replenish the seedlings 30. Therefore, the configuration of the seedling supply device 20 (seedling supply system) has become very complicated.

On the other hand, since the carrier is not stored in the spare seedling storage unit 10 and only the mat-shaped seedling 30 is stored, the seedling supply device 20 (seedling supply system) in the present embodiment can be realized with a simple configuration.

Further, when the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are raised in the carrier as in the conventional case, the roots are entangled in the drain holes of the carrier. Since the roots are entwined with the carriers, the seedling supply device 20 needs to manually cut the roots of the carrier of the spare seedling storage unit 10 in advance.

In the seedling replenishment system of the present embodiment, since the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are raised without using a carrier, it is not necessary to perform root cutting work, and the seedlings can be efficiently replenished.

The mat member 31 needs to satisfy various conditions. First, since the mat-shaped seedling 30 is transported in a state where it is not delivered to the carrier, it may be damaged when it is stored in the spare seedling storage unit 10, when it is taken out from the spare seedling storage unit 10, or during transportation. Especially the corners are liable to collapse. Therefore, the mat member 31 needs to have a certain degree of shape retention.

In addition, it is necessary to have ease of growing such that the roots can be appropriately grown, water and fertilizer can be retained, and the raising of rice seedlings is suppressed during raising seedlings. Further, since the mat member 31 remains in the field together with the seedling 32, it is necessary to have an environmental property such that the environmental load is small.

For the mat-shaped seedling 30 according to the present embodiment, a mat member 31 satisfying the above conditions is used instead of soil. For example, as the mat member 31, a sponge formed by foaming biodegradable plastic, a non-woven fabric mixed with pulp, a fir tree molded mat obtained by bonding and molding fir tree with PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol), or the like is used.

As described above, the mat-shaped seedling 30 according to the present embodiment is produced by raising seedlings 32 with the mat member 31 as described above instead of soil. Therefore, shape retention can be ensured without having to put it in the carrier. Further, in the mat-shaped seedling 30 according to the present embodiment, by using the mat member 31 as described above, the roots can be appropriately extended, water and fertilizer can be retained, and it is suppressed that the seedlings are raised during seedling raising. Therefore, it becomes easy to grow. Further, the mat-shaped seedling 30 according to the present embodiment can suppress the environmental load by using the mat member 31 as described above.

Even if the carrier is not used, if the root of the seedling 32 protrudes greatly from the mat member 31, problems such as entanglement with the seedling shelf 12 may occur. Therefore, a sheet may be provided on the back surface of the mat member 31. Further, the mat-shaped seedling 30 may be fertilized during seedling raising, and the fertilizer may be mixed with water and applied. Further, fertilization may be performed at the same time as the planting work, but fertilization may be performed on the mat-shaped seedlings 30 stored in the preliminary seedling storage unit 10.

[Spare seedling storage]
Next, the configuration of the spare seedling storage unit 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

The spare seedling storage unit 10 is configured such that the seedling shelf 12 is placed and supported on the mounting unit 11. The nursery 12 is a box-shaped shelf provided with a frame body 13, and a plurality of bottom plates 14 are provided side by side in the vertical direction. In each space in the seedling shelf 12 separated by the bottom plate 14, storage areas 15 in which one mat-shaped seedling 30 is stored are formed side by side in the left-right direction. With such a configuration, the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are individually stored in the storage area 15 on the bottom plate 14 of the spare seedling storage unit 10.

Each storage area 15 is provided with a sensor 16 for detecting the presence or absence of the mat-shaped seedling 30. The sensor 16 is a contact type sensor and is supported by the bottom plate 14. When the mat-shaped seedling 30 comes into contact with the sensor 16, it is detected that the mat-shaped seedling 30 is stored in the predetermined storage area 15 of the seedling shelf 12.

The side surface and the upper surface of the nursery 12 may be provided with a plate material if necessary, and the front surface and the rear surface of the nursery 12 are open for carrying in and out of the mat-shaped seedling 30.

[Seedling supply device]
Next, the configuration of the seedling supply device 20 will be described with reference to FIG.

The seedling supply device 20 is supported by a support frame 22 provided between the spare seedling storage unit 10 and the seedling stand 5. The support frame 22 includes a pair of horizontal frames 22a provided behind the upper end region and the lower end region of the spare seedling storage portion 10, and a vertical frame 22b that can be moved in the left-right direction along the horizontal frame 22a. The vertical frame 22b is provided from the rear of the upper region to the rear of the lower region of the spare seedling storage portion 10. With such a configuration, the seedling supply device 20 can be moved to the rear position of all the storage areas of the spare seedling storage unit 10.

The seedling supply device 20 includes a table 23, a claw body 24, an exit / exit mechanism 25, and an elevating mechanism 26. The table 23 is a member for placing and holding the mat-shaped seedlings 30 when the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are transported from the spare seedling storage unit 10 to the seedling stand 5. The posture of the table 23 is changed by the exit / exit mechanism 25 between a protruding position protruding into the storage area 15 of the spare seedling storage section 10 and a retracting position not protruding toward the spare seedling storage section 10. Further, the table 23 is changed in posture by the elevating mechanism 26 between a horizontal posture and an inclined posture that lowers toward the rear. The claw body 24 is provided in the front end region of the table 23 and swings around the axis left and right of the machine body. By swinging the claw body 24, the posture can be changed to a posture in which the claw body 24 protrudes upward from the table 23 and a posture in which the claw body 24 does not protrude upward from the table 23.

When the sensor 21 detects that the amount of mat-shaped seedlings 30 in any section of the seedling stand 5 is less than a predetermined amount, the seedling supply device 20 takes out the mat-shaped seedlings 30 from the spare seedling storage unit 10. Then, the seedling stand 5 is automatically replenished. The control for automatically supplying the mat-shaped seedling 30 is performed by a control device (not shown). The control device includes a processor such as an ECU mounted on the rice transplanter. Further, such control may be configured by software. In this case, a storage unit (not shown) for storing the program related to control is provided, and the program is executed by a processor such as an ECU.

When the sensor 21 detects that the amount of mat-shaped seedlings 30 on the seedling table 5 is less than a predetermined amount, the seedling supply device 20 first detects the rear of the storage area 15 in which the mat-shaped seedlings 30 of the spare seedling storage unit 10 are present. Move the table 23 to. The storage area 15 in which the mat-shaped seedling 30 is present is detected by the sensor 16.

Next, the seedling supply device 20 causes the table 23 to protrude into the storage area 15 of the spare seedling storage unit 10 by the entry / exit mechanism 25. At this time, the table 23 is inserted between the mat-shaped seedling 30 and the bottom plate 14, and the table 23 is projected so that the claw body 24 is located in front of the mat-shaped seedling 30.

Next, the posture of the claw body 24 is changed to a posture in which the claw body 24 protrudes upward from the table 23, and the claw body 24 holds the mat-shaped seedling 30 from the front.

Next, the posture of the table 23 is changed to the retracted position. As a result, the mat-shaped seedling 30 is taken out from the spare seedling storage unit 10. Then, the table 23 is moved to a position immediately before the section of the seedling stand 5 in which the mat-shaped seedling 30 is less than a predetermined amount.

Finally, the table 23 is changed to the tilted posture. As a result, the mat-shaped seedling 30 held on the table 23 slides down and is placed in a predetermined section of the seedling stand 5.

As described above, in the seedling supply device 20, when the amount of mat-shaped seedlings 30 mounted on the seedling stand 5 becomes less than a predetermined amount and the shortage of seedlings for planting work approaches, the spare seedling storage unit 10 The mat-shaped seedlings 30 are taken out from the above, transported to the seedling stand 5, and the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are replenished to the seedling stand 5. As a result, the mat-shaped seedlings 30 placed on the seedling stand 5 can be continued without being cut off, and the work efficiency is improved. Further, since the shortage of the mat-shaped seedlings 30 can be automatically detected and the mat-shaped seedlings 30 can be automatically replenished from the spare seedling storage unit 10 without manual work, there is no need to stop the planting work. , Work efficiency is improved. Further, since the mat-shaped seedling 30 is stored in the spare seedling storage unit 10 without using a carrier, it is not necessary to process the unnecessary carrier, and the mat-shaped seedling 30 can be automatically replenished with a simple configuration. Can be done.

[Seedling delivery mechanism]
Next, the seedling carrying mechanism (corresponding to the “transporting device”) 35 for carrying the mat-shaped seedlings 30 into the spare seedling storage section 10 will be described with reference to FIG. The seedling supply system may include a seedling carry-in mechanism 35.

The seedling carry-in mechanism 35 includes a transport conveyor 36 and a take-out mechanism 37. The take-out mechanism 37 takes out the mat-shaped seedlings 30 from the nursery 12 in which the mat-shaped seedlings 30 in which the seedlings are raised are stored. The transport conveyor 36 transports the removed mat-shaped seedlings 30 to the spare seedling storage section 10 and carries them into the storage area 15.

For example, the nursery 12 is carried to the field by the carrier 38. The carrier 38 includes a seedling carry-in mechanism 35. The rice transplanter that needs to carry the mat-shaped seedlings 30 into the spare seedling storage section 10 is moved to the shore, and the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are carried in from the nursery 12 of the carrier 38. At this time, the take-out mechanism 37 takes out the mat-shaped seedlings 30 from the nursery shelf 12 and delivers the mat-shaped seedlings 30 to the transport conveyor 36. The transport conveyor 36 transports the received mat-shaped seedlings 30 to the spare seedling storage unit 10, and carries the mat-shaped seedlings 30 into the storage area 15 in which the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are not stored.

With such a configuration, the mat-shaped seedlings 30 can be automatically carried into the spare seedling storage unit 10, and the planting work can be efficiently performed.

When the rice transplanter is provided with the fertilizer application device 9, fertilizer may be replenished from the fertilizer tank 9a mounted on the transport vehicle 38 via a hose (not shown). When the rice transplanter is equipped with a chemical spraying device (not shown) such as a herbicide, the chemical may be replenished from the chemical tank 39 mounted on the carrier 38 via a hose (not shown).

[Another Embodiment]
(1) In the above embodiment, the configuration of the nursery 12 can be any configuration as long as a plurality of mat-shaped seedlings 30 can be individually stored. Further, the configuration of the seedling supply device 20 is arbitrary as long as the mat-shaped seedlings 30 can be taken out from the spare seedling storage unit 10 and the mat-shaped seedlings 30 can be supplied to a predetermined section of the seedling stand 5. Can be. Further, the fertilizer storage portion of the fertilizer application device 9 can be provided at an arbitrary position.

(2) In each of the above embodiments, the spare seedling storage unit 10 may be detachably supported by the mounting unit 11. In this case, the seedling shelf 12 may be carried to the rice transplanter and placed on the mounting portion 11 in a state where the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are stored without using the seedling carrying mechanism 35. By performing the process from raising the seedlings 32 to mounting them on the rice transplanter with the mat-shaped seedlings 30 stored in the seedling shelf 12, it is no longer necessary to carry the mat-shaped seedlings 30 into the spare seedling storage section 10 of the rice transplanter. , The need to ensure the shape retention of the mat member 31 at a high level is reduced.

(3) In each of the above embodiments, the spare seedling storage unit 10 may not be provided. For example, if a sufficient amount of mat-shaped seedlings 30 can be mounted on the seedling stand 5, the spare seedling storage unit 10 becomes unnecessary. In this case, the mat-shaped seedlings 30 carried to the field by the carrier 38 are directly carried into the seedling stand 5. For example, the nursery 12 on which the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are mounted is carried to the field by a transport vehicle 38, and the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are carried from the nursery 12 to the seedling stand 5 by an arbitrary seedling carrying mechanism.

(4) In each of the above embodiments, the mat-shaped seedlings 30 are not limited to being raised and generated in a state of being stored in the nursery shelf 12, but are also arranged on the ground at a predetermined place such as a seedling raising house, or Seedlings 32 may be raised by stacking them on a shelf. When the seedling 32 grows to a predetermined size in the state of the mat-shaped seedling 30, the mat-shaped seedling 30 is stored in the nursery 12.

(5) In each of the above embodiments, the sensor 21 can have any configuration, not limited to the contact sensor, as long as it can detect the amount of the mat-shaped seedlings 30 placed on the seedling stand 5. For example, the sensor 21 is composed of a camera and an diagnostic imaging device. The camera captures a seedling stand 5, analyzes the image captured by the diagnostic imaging device, and mounts the seedling stand 5 in a matte shape. The amount of seedlings 30 can be detected.

(6) In each of the above embodiments, the rice transplanter may perform automatic traveling or manual traveling. When performing automatic driving, the rice transplanter is equipped with a positioning unit and receives radio waves from satellites of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to calculate its own vehicle position. Then, the rice transplanter sets a traveling route and automatically travels based on the position of the own vehicle. Further, the automatic driving may be performed by unmanned driving in which the operator does not board.

The present invention can be applied to a transplanter such as a rice transplanter in which seedlings are taken out from a mat-shaped seedling placed on a seedling stand and planted.

5 Seedling stand 10 Spare seedling storage part 11 Mounting part (support part)
12 Seedling shelf 20 Seedling supply device 21 Sensor 30 Mat-shaped seedling 31 Mat member 32 Seedling 35 Seedling carry-in mechanism (transport device)

Claims (5)

It is a seedling supply system that supplies the mat-shaped seedlings to the seedling stand of the rice transplanter that cuts out the seedlings from the seedling stand on which the mat-shaped seedlings are placed and plants them in the field.
A spare seedling storage unit mounted on the rice transplanter to store the mat-shaped seedlings,
A sensor provided on the seedling stand to detect the remaining amount of the mat-shaped seedling,
When the sensor detects that the remaining amount of the mat-shaped seedlings is equal to or less than a predetermined amount, the sensor is provided with a seedling supply device for supplying the mat-shaped seedlings from the spare seedling storage unit to the seedling stand.
The mat-shaped seedling is a seedling supply system in which a plurality of seed fir are sown directly on a mat member and raised. The spare seedling storage section
Support part and
The support portion is provided with a nursery that is detachably supported.
The seedling supply system according to claim 1, wherein the nursery is transported in a state where a plurality of the mat-shaped seedlings are stored and supported by the support portion. A seedling shelf in which the plurality of mat-shaped seedlings are stored, and
The seedling supply system according to claim 1, further comprising a transport device for transporting the mat-shaped seedlings from the seedling shelf to the spare seedling storage unit. The seedling supply system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the mat-shaped seedling is produced by raising seedlings on the mat member in a state of being stored in the nursery. The seedling replenishment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mat member is at least one of a sponge, a non-woven fabric, and a rice husk molded mat.

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