JP2021527473A - 即時精密検査 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
1.線維性組織のわずかな優位を伴う乳房組織のすべての成分のバランスの取れた割合
2.脂肪組織の優位
3.後輪状(retroareolar)残存線維組織をもつ脂肪組織の優位
4.優位結節性密度
5.優位線維性組織(密な乳房)。
A.乳房がほとんど完全に脂肪質である
B.線維腺密度(fibroglandular density)の散乱エリアがある
C.乳房が不均一に密であり、これは小塊を不明瞭にし得る
D.乳房が極めて密であり、これはマンモグラフィの感度を下げる。
ここで、L(x)は全体画像にわたる損失であり、l’(xi,j)は、i、jにおけるピクセルについての損失である。これにより、システムは、システムによって作成された画像から1つ又は複数の病変を自動的に識別することが可能になる。
ここで、si及びriは、それぞれ、予測マップ∈[0、…、1]の連続値、及び各ピクセルiにおけるグランド・トゥルース(ground truth)を表す。代替的に、クロス・エントロピーが使用され得る。i、jにおけるピクセルについてのクロス・エントロピー損失は次のように定義される。
ここで、Cはクラスの数であり、y∈{0、1}はクラスcについてのバイナリ・インジケータであり、sはクラスcについてのスコアである。完全な画像についての損失x、は、ピクセルについてのすべての損失にわたる合計として定義される。
L(x)=λ1L1+λ2L2
ここで、L1、L2は2つの異なるタスクについての損失項であり、λ1、λ2は重み付け項である。
1.線維性組織のわずかな優位を伴う乳房組織のすべての成分のバランスの取れた割合
2.脂肪組織の優位
3.後輪状(retroareolar)残存線維組織をもつ脂肪組織の優位
4.優位結節性密度
5.優位線維性組織(密な乳房)。
A.乳房がほとんど完全に脂肪質である
B.線維腺密度(fibroglandular density)の散乱エリアがある
C.乳房が不均一に密であり、これは小塊を不明瞭にし得る
D.乳房が極めて密であり、これはマンモグラフィの感度を下げる。
ここで、L(x)は全体画像にわたる損失であり、l’(xi,j)は、i、jにおけるピクセルについての損失である。これにより、システムは、システムによって作成された画像から1つ又は複数の病変を自動的に識別することが可能になる。
ここで、si及びriは、それぞれ、予測マップ∈[0、…、1]の連続値、及び各ピクセルiにおけるグランド・トゥルース(ground truth)を表す。代替的に、クロス・エントロピーが使用され得る。i、jにおけるピクセルについてのクロス・エントロピー損失は次のように定義される。
ここで、Cはクラスの数であり、y∈{0、1}はクラスcについてのバイナリ・インジケータであり、sはクラスcについてのスコアである。完全な画像についての損失x、は、ピクセルについてのすべての損失にわたる合計として定義される。
L(x)=λ1L1+λ2L2
ここで、L1、L2は2つの異なるタスクについての損失項であり、λ1、λ2は重み付け項である。
Claims (19)
- 実質的にリアルタイムで医療画像を分析するコンピュータ援用方法であって、前記方法は、
1つ又は複数の医療画像を受信するステップと、
1つ又は複数の特性を決定するために前記1つ又は複数の医療画像を分析するステップと、
前記決定された1つ又は複数の特性に基づいて出力データを生成するステップと
を含み、前記出力データが、1つ又は複数の追加の医学的検査を取得するための要件を示す、コンピュータ援用方法。 - 前記1つ又は複数の追加の医学的検査が、コンピュータ化トモグラフィ(CT)走査、超音波走査、磁気共鳴撮像(MRI)走査、トモシンセシス走査、及び/又は生検のうちのいずれか又はそれらの任意の組合せを備える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ又は複数の医療画像が1つ又は複数のマンモグラフィ走査又はX線走査を備える、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 分析する及び決定する前記ステップが、1つ又は複数のトレーニングされた機械学習モデルを使用して実行される、請求項1から3までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記トレーニングされた機械学習モデルが畳み込みニューラル・ネットワークを備える、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 分析する及び決定する前記ステップが、1つ又は複数の解剖学的領域をセグメント化することを含む、請求項1から5までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記出力データが、セグメント化アウトラインを示すオーバーレイ・データ、及び/又は1つ若しくは複数のセグメント化された領域の1つ若しくは複数のロケーションを示す確率マスクをさらに備える、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 分析する及び決定する前記ステップが、組織タイプと密度カテゴリーとを識別することを含む、請求項1から7までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 1つ又は複数の追加の医学的検査の必要とされるタイプが、前記1つ又は複数の医療画像に基づいて決定された前記密度カテゴリーに依存する、請求項2及び8に記載の方法。
- 分析する及び決定する前記ステップが、前記医療画像中の1つ又は複数の異常領域を自動的に識別することを含む、請求項1から9までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 分析する及び決定する前記ステップが、悪性病変及び/又は良性病変及び/又は一般的病変を識別する及び区別することを含む、請求項1から10までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記出力データが、前記1つ又は複数の病変のための確率マスクを示すオーバーレイ・データをさらに備える、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 分析する及び決定する前記ステップが、アーキテクチャひずみを識別することを含む、請求項1から12までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ又は複数の医療画像及び前記1つ又は複数の追加の医療画像が、医療におけるデジタル撮像及び通信(DICOM)ファイルの使用を備える、請求項1から13までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 医療画像を実質的にリアルタイムで分析するためのシステムであって、前記システムは、
医療撮像デバイスと、
ピクチャ・アーカイビング通信システム(PACS)と、
1つ又は複数の特性を決定するために、前記PACS上の1つ又は複数の医療画像を分析するように動作可能な処理ユニットと、
前記決定された1つ又は複数の特性に基づいて生成された出力データを表示するように動作可能な出力ビューアであって、前記出力データが、1つ又は複数の追加の医療画像を取得するための要件を示す、出力ビューアとを備える、システム。 - 前記処理ユニットが前記医療撮像デバイスと一体化される、請求項15に記載のシステム。
- 前記処理ユニットが、リモートに配置され、通信チャネルを介してアクセス可能である、請求項15に記載のシステム。
- 請求項1から14までのいずれか一項に記載の方法を実行するように動作可能な請求項15から17までのいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 請求項1から18までのいずれか一項に記載の方法及び/又はシステムを実行するように動作可能なコンピュータ・プログラム製品。
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