JP2021504329A - Gp96ベースの癌療法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本開示は、肺癌(例えば、非小細胞肺癌)を含む癌を治療するための組成物及び方法に関する。
本出願は、2017年11月27日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/590,785号、及び2018年2月27日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/635,958号の優先権並びに利益を主張するものであり、その内容全体は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
本明細書と共に電子的に提出されたテキストファイルの内容は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる:配列表のコンピュータ可読フォーマットコピー(ファイル名:HTB−027PC_配列表_ST25;記録日:2018年10月23日;ファイルサイズ:18.8KB)。
本開示は、改変された分泌性熱ショックタンパク質(すなわち、gp96−Ig)を発現する細胞株の低用量及び免疫チェックポイント阻害剤(例えば、抗PD−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片)を含む混合ワクチン療法が、非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)を含む肺癌の治療に特に有効であるという発見に基づく。いくつかの実施形態では、本方法は、腫瘍細胞に対する免疫応答を相乗的に活性化し、肺癌の再発の減少及び生存の改善をもたらす。
本明細書に開示される発明がより効率的に理解されるために、実施例を以下に提供する。これらの実施例は、例示のみを目的としており、いかなる方法でも本発明を限定するものとして解釈されるべきではないことが理解されるべきである。
治験計画については、図1A、図1B、及び図1Cを参照されたい。
低いTIL(腫瘍浸潤リンパ球)の患者に、18週間又は治療中止まで、1×107個の細胞の注射として与えられるビアジェンプマツセル−L(HS−110)とニボルマブ(オプジーボ)の組み合わせを毎週投与した。9人の患者を最初に登録し(第1b相)、任意選択で、予備的有効性に基づいて20人の患者に拡大した(第2相)。ワクチンは、gp96−Igを継続的に分泌するように遺伝子操作され、照射されたヒト肺癌細胞に由来した。患者にニボルマブを、疾患が進行するか又は毒性が許容できなくなるまで、NSCLCの治療のための添付文書に従って(2週間ごとに60分かけて点滴静注として3mg/kg)投与した。
高いTIL(腫瘍浸潤リンパ球)の患者に、18週間又は治療中止まで、1×107個の細胞の注射として与えられるビアジェンプマツセル−L(HS−110)とニボルマブ(オプジーボ)の組み合わせを毎週投与した。9人の患者を最初に登録し(第1b相)、任意選択で、予備的有効性に基づいて20人の患者に拡大した(第2相)。ワクチンは、gp96−Igを継続的に分泌するように遺伝子操作され、照射されたヒト肺癌細胞に由来した。患者にニボルマブを、疾患が進行するか又は毒性が許容できなくなるまで、NSCLCの治療のための添付文書に従って(2週間ごとに60分かけて点滴静注として3mg/kg)投与した(図2参照)。
患者に、18週間又は治療中止まで、1×107個の細胞の注射として与えられるビアジェンプマツセル−L(HS−110)とニボルマブ(オプジーボ)の組み合わせを毎週投与した。この治療群は、同意したが登録のための高TIL群若しくは低TIL群に割り当てることができなかった患者を許可し、正式な制限はなかった。gp96−Igを継続的に分泌するように遺伝子操作され照射されたヒト肺癌細胞に由来するワクチンを、使用した。患者にニボルマブを、疾患が進行するか又は毒性が許容できなくなるまで、NSCLCの治療のための添付文書に従って(2週間ごとに60分かけて点滴静注として3mg/kg)投与した(図2参照)。
健康な志願者を除いて、18歳以上の全ての性別の人が研究に適格であった。包含基準:非小細胞肺腺癌;RECIST 1.1で測定可能な疾患の1つの部位;難治性又は転移性のNSCLCに対して以前に少なくとも1つの治療を受けた患者集団;18週間以上の平均余命;試験参加時の疾患の進行;米国東海岸癌臨床試験グループ(ECOG)のパフォーマンスステータス(PS)≦1。PS=2の患者が考慮されてもよく、中枢神経系(CNS)の転移は許可されてもよいが、治療され、神経学的に安定している必要がある;適切な実験室パラメータ;プロトコルを遵守し、インフォームドコンセントに署名する意思と能力がある;出産の可能性がある女性患者と繁殖力の高い男性患者は、研究への参加を通して効果的な避妊法を使用することに同意する必要がある;スクリーニング時及び10週目に保存された又は新鮮な腫瘍生研を提供する意思があり添付文書に従ってニボルマブで治療するのに適する。
合計43人の患者がコホートAに登録された。この患者群は、40人のヒト肺腺癌(AD)患者及び3人の扁平上皮癌(SCC)患者からなった。合計18人の患者がコホートBに登録された(15人のADと3人のSCC)。
ビアジェンプマツセル−L(HS−110;ImPACT)は、臨床的利益を伴う適応免疫応答を促進するためのgp96細胞由来の癌精巣抗原(CTA)複合体の分泌用のgp96−Ig融合タンパク質でトランスフェクトされたヒト腺癌(Ad)細胞株に由来する同種細胞ワクチンである。研究は、HS−110及び関連するgp96−Ig/CTAで生成されたワクチンが、CD8+腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL)の増加と腫瘍応答の間の相関を示したことを示した。図1及び2に示すように、HS−110とニボルマブの組み合わせが、NSCLC患者の臨床転帰に影響を与える可能性のある長期記憶を伴う適応CD8応答をもたらすことができるかどうかを評価するために、DURGA治験を計画した。
ビアジェンプマツセル−L及びニボルマブによる治療後の適応免疫応答と臨床応答の相関を調べるために、進行したかつ以前に治療された肺腺癌患者にHS−110を6回以上(毎週)投与し、隔週でニボルマブ(抗PD−1)を3回以上投与した。図4は、チェックポイント阻害剤(CPI)未治療であったITT患者集団におけるRECIST 1.1による最良の標的病変応答を示し、図5は、CPI未治療のプロトコルに基づく集団における標的病変応答の持続性を示す。同様に、図20は、RECIST 1.1による最良の標的病変応答を示し、図21は、CPIプログレッサーITT患者集団についての標的病変応答の持続性を示す折れ線グラフである。図8は、CPI未治療集団の高TIL(10%超;n=14)患者及び低TIL(10%以下;n=14)患者についてベースラインでの腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL)レベルによる全生存率を示す生存プロットである。図8において、「HR」は、ハザード比を指し、1.0は他のグループと比較して(つまり、高TILグループと比較した低TILグループ)100%の確率で死亡することを示す。図8の結果は、0.043の有意なp値を有し高TIL患者グループと比較して低TIL患者グループについて23%の確率の死亡を実証する。
完全長ヒトgp96(GENBANK登録番号X15187)のヌクレオチド配列:
atgagggccctgtgggtgctgggcctctgctgcgtcctgctgaccttcgggtcggtcagagctgacgatgaagttgatgtggatggtacagtagaagaggatctgggtaaaagtagagaaggatcaaggacggatgatgaagtagtacagagagaggaagaagctattcagttggatggattaaatgcatcacaaataagagaacttagagagaagtcggaaaagtttgccttccaagccgaagttaacagaatgatgaaacttatcatcaattcattgtataaaaataaagagattttcctgagagaactgatttcaaatgcttctgatgctttagataagataaggctaatatcactgactgatgaaaatgctctttctggaaatgaggaactaacagtcaaaattaagtgtgataaggagaagaacctgctgcatgtcacagacaccggtgtaggaatgaccagagaagagttggttaaaaaccttggtaccatagccaaatctgggacaagcgagtttttaaacaaaatgactgaagcacaggaagatggccagtcaacttctgaattgattggccagtttggtgtcggtttctattccgccttccttgtagcagataaggttattgtcacttcaaaacacaacaacgatacccagcacatctgggagtctgactccaatgaattttctgtaattgctgacccaagaggaaacactctaggacggggaacgacaattacccttgtcttaaaagaagaagcatctgattaccttgaattggatacaattaaaaatctcgtcaaaaaatattcacagttcataaactttcctatttatgtatggagcagcaagactgaaactgttgaggagcccatggaggaagaagaagcagccaaagaagagaaagaagaatctgatgatgaagctgcagtagaggaagaagaagaagaaaagaaaccaaagactaaaaaagttgaaaaaactgtctgggactgggaacttatgaatgatatcaaaccaatatggcagagaccatcaaaagaagtagaagaagatgaatacaaagctttctacaaatcattttcaaaggaaagtgatgaccccatggcttatattcactttactgctgaaggggaagttaccttcaaatcaattttatttgtacccacatctgctccacgtggtctgtttgacgaatatggatctaaaaagagcgattacattaagctctatgtgcgccgtgtattcatcacagacgacttccatgatatgatgcctaaatacctcaattttgtcaagggtgtggtggactcagatgatctccccttgaatgtttcccgcgagactcttcagcaacataaactgcttaaggtgattaggaagaagcttgttcgtaaaacgctggacatgatcaagaagattgctgatgataaatacaatgatactttttggaaagaatttggtaccaacatcaagcttggtgtgattgaagaccactcgaatcgaacacgtcttgctaaacttcttaggttccagtcttctcatcatccaactgacattactagcctagaccagtatgtggaaagaatgaaggaaaaacaagacaaaatctacttcatggctgggtccagcagaaaagaggctgaatcttctccatttgttgagcgacttctgaaaaagggctatgaagttatttacctcacagaacctgtggatgaatactgtattcaggcccttcccgaatttgatgggaagaggttccagaatgttgccaaggaaggagtgaagttcgatgaaagtgagaaaactaaggagagtcgtgaagcagttgagaaagaatttgagcctctgctgaattggatgaaagataaagcccttaaggacaagattgaaaaggctgtggtgtctcagcgcctgacagaatctccgtgtgctttggtggccagccagtacggatggtctggcaacatggagagaatcatgaaagcacaagcgtaccaaacgggcaaggacatctctacaaattactatgcgagtcagaagaaaacatttgaaattaatcccagacacccgctgatcagagacatgcttcgacgaattaaggaagatgaagatgataaaacagttttggatcttgctgtggttttgtttgaaacagcaacgcttcggtcagggtatcttttaccagacactaaagcatatggagatagaatagaaagaatgcttcgcctcagtttgaacattgaccctgatgcaaaggtggaagaagagcccgaagaagaacctgaagagacagcagaagacacaacagaagacacagagcaagacgaagatgaagaaatggatgtgggaacagatgaagaagaagaaacagcaaaggaatctacagctgaaaaagatgaattgtaa(配列番号1)。
MRALWVLGLCCVLLTFGSVRADDEVDVDGTVEEDLGKSREGSRTDDEVVQREEEAIQLDGLNASQIRELREKSEKFAFQAEVNRMMKLIINSLYKNKEIFLRELISNASDALDKIRLISLTDENALSGNEELTVKIKCDKEKNLLHVTDTGVGMTREELVKNLGTIAKSGTSEFLNKMTEAQEDGQSTSELIGQFGVGFYSAFLVADKVIVTSKHNNDTQHIWESDSNEFSVIADPRGNTLGRGTTITLVLKEEASDYLELDTIKNLVKKYSQFINFPIYVWSSKTETVEEPMEEEEAAKEEKEESDDEAAVEEEEEEKKPKTKKVEKTVWDWELMNDIKPIWQRPSKEVEEDEYKAFYKSFSKESDDPMAYIHFTAEGEVTFKSILFVPTSAPRGLFDEYGSKKSDYIKLYVRRVFITDDFHDMMPKYLNFVKGVVDSDDLPLNVSRETLQQHKLLKVIRKKLVRKTLDMIKKIADDKYNDTFWKEFGTNIKLGVIEDHSNRTRLAKLLRFQSSHHPTDITSLDQYVERMKEKQDKIYFMAGSSRKEAESSPFVERLLKKGYEVIYLTEPVDEYCIQALPEFDGKRFQNVAKEGVKFDESEKTKESREAVEKEFEPLLNWMKDKALKDKIEKAVVSQRLTESPCALVASQYGWSGNMERIMKAQAYQTGKDISTNYYASQKKTFEINPRHPLIRDMLRRIKEDEDDKTVLDLAVVLFETATLRSGYLLPDTKAYGDRIERMLRLSLNIDPDAKVEEEPEEEPEETAEDTTEDTEQDEDEEMDVGTDEEEETAKESTAEKDEL(配列番号2)。
MRALWVLGLCCVLLTFGSVRADDEVDVDGTVEEDLGKSREGSRTDDEVVQREEEAIQLDGLNASQIRELREKSEKFAFQAEVNRMMKLIINSLYKNKEIFLRELISNASDALDKIRLISLTDENALSGNEELTVKIKCDKEKNLLHVTDTGVGMTREELVKNLGTIAKSGTSEFLNKMTEAQEDGQSTSELIGQFGVGFYSAFLVADKVIVTSKHNNDTQHIWESDSNEFSVIADPRGNTLGRGTTITLVLKEEASDYLELDTIKNLVKKYSQFINFPIYVWSSKTETVEEPMEEEEAAKEEKEESDDEAAVEEEEEEKKPKTKKVEKTVWDWELMNDIKPIWQRPSKEVEEDEYKAFYKSFSKESDDPMAYIHFTAEGEVTFKSILFVPTSAPRGLFDEYGSKKSDYIKLYVRRVFITDDFHDMMPKYLNFVKGVVDSDDLPLNVSRETLQQHKLLKVIRKKLVRKTLDMIKKIADDKYNDTFWKEFGTNIKLGVIEDHSNRTRLAKLLRFQSSHHPTDITSLDQYVERMKEKQDKIYFMAGSSRKEAESSPFVERLLKKGYEVIYLTEPVDEYCIQALPEFDGKRFQNVAKEGVKFDESEKTKESREAVEKEFEPLLNWMKDKALKDKIEKAVVSQRLTESPCALVASQYGWSGNMERIMKAQAYQTGKDISTNYYASQKKTFEINPRHPLIRDMLRRIKEDEDDKTVLDLAVVLFETATLRSGYLLPDTKAYGDRIERMLRLSLNIDPDAKVEEEPEEEPEETAEDTTEDTEQDEDEEMDVGTDEEEETAKESTAE(配列番号4)。
APEFLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSQEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLSGKEYKCKVSSKGLPSSIEKTISNATGQPREPQVYTLPPSQEEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSRLTVDKSSWQEGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSLGK(配列番号5)。
本開示はその詳細な説明と併せて説明されているが、前述の説明は、添付の特許請求の範囲によって定義される本開示の範囲を例示するためのものであり、制限するものではないことを理解されたい。他の態様、利点、及び変更は、以下の特許請求の範囲内にある。
本明細書で参照される全ての特許及び刊行物は、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。本明細書で論じられる出版物は、本出願の出願日より前の開示にのみ提供される。本明細書中のいかなるものも、本発明が先行発明によりそのような刊行物に先行する権利を与えられないことの承認として解釈されるべきではない。本明細書で使用されるように、全ての見出しは単に整理のためのものであり、いかなる方法でも開示を制限することを意図するものではない。
Claims (64)
- 肺癌を治療する方法であって、それを必要とする対象に(a)分泌性ワクチンタンパク質をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む発現ベクターを保持する細胞及び(b)免疫チェックポイント阻害剤を投与することを含む方法。
- 前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤が、免疫チェックポイント遺伝子を阻害する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤が、抗体又はその抗原結合断片を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫チェックポイント遺伝子が、プログラム細胞死タンパク質1(PD−1)、プログラム細胞死リガンド1(PD−L1)、プログラム細胞死リガンド1(PD−L2)、腫瘍壊死因子受容体スーパーファミリー、メンバー4(TNFRSF4)、腫瘍壊死因子受容体スーパーファミリーメンバー25(TNFRSF25)、死受容体3(DR3)、腫瘍壊死因子受容体スーパーファミリーメンバー9(TNFRSF9)、糖質コルチコイド誘発TNFR関連タンパク質(GITR)、細胞傷害性Tリンパ球関連タンパク質4(CTLA−4)及びリンパ球活性化遺伝子3(LAG−3)から選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫チェックポイント遺伝子が、PD−1又はPD−L1である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤が、抗PD−1又は抗PD−L1抗体又はその抗原結合断片である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記抗PD−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、ニボルマブ、ペンブロリズマブ、ピジリズマブ、BMS−936559、アテゾリズマブ、アベルマブから選択され、かつ前記PD−L1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、デュルバルマブである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記抗PD−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、ニボルマブである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記肺癌が、小細胞肺癌である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記肺癌が、非小細胞肺癌である、請求項1又は9に記載の方法。
- 前記非小細胞肺癌が、腺癌である、請求項1、9又は10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記非小細胞肺癌が、扁平上皮癌又は大細胞肺癌である、請求項1、9又は10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、肺癌の再発を低減する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記対象における腫瘍抗原特異的T細胞の活性化又は増殖を高める、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記対象におけるCD8+T細胞の活性化又は数を増強する、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記対象におけるIFN−γ分泌CD8+T細胞の活性化又は数を増強する、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、低用量の細胞で治療される、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、約100,000細胞、約150,000細胞、約200,000細胞、約250,000細胞、約300,000細胞、約350,000細胞、約400,000細胞、約450,000細胞、約500,000細胞、約550,000細胞、約600,000細胞、約650,000細胞、約700,000細胞、約750,000細胞、約800,000細胞、約850,000細胞、約900,000細胞、約950,000細胞、又は約1,000,000細胞、又は約1,500,000細胞、又は約2,000,000細胞、又は約2,500,000細胞、又は約3,000,000細胞、又は約3,500,000細胞、又は約4、000、000細胞、又は約4、500、000細胞、又は約5、000、000細胞、又は約5、500、000細胞、又は約6,000,000細胞、又は約6,500,000細胞、又は約7,000,000細胞、又は約7,500,000細胞、又は約8,000,000細胞、又は約8,500,000細胞、又は約9,000,000細胞、又は約9,500,000細胞、又は約10,000,000細胞を投与される、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、投与後の免疫応答で強い増加を示す、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫応答での強い増加が、CD8+T細胞の活性化又は増殖におけるベースラインを超える少なくとも2倍の増加として定義される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記CD8+T細胞が、IFN−γを分泌する、請求項18又は19に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、免疫応答で強い増加を示さない対象と比較して前記対象における肺癌再発の低減においてより効果的である、請求項19〜21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、投与前に少数の腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL)を示す、請求項1〜22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤のみによる治療と比較して前記対象における癌の再発を低減するのにより効果的である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記ベクターが、哺乳類発現ベクターである、請求項1〜24のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ワクチンタンパク質が、場合によりgp96 KDEL(配列番号3)配列を欠く分泌性gp96−Ig融合タンパク質である、請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記gp96−Ig融合タンパク質中のIgタグが、ヒトIgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgM、IgA、又はIgEのFc領域を含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記発現ベクターが、DNAを含む、請求項1〜27のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記発現ベクターが、RNAを含む、請求項1〜28のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、照射された又は生きている弱毒化ヒト腫瘍細胞である、請求項1〜29のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト腫瘍細胞が、樹立されたNSCLC、膀胱癌、黒色腫、卵巣癌、腎細胞癌、前立腺癌、肉腫、乳癌、扁平上皮癌、頭頸部癌、肝細胞癌、膵臓癌、又は結腸癌の細胞株由来の細胞である、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト腫瘍細胞株が、NSCLC細胞株である、請求項30又は31に記載の方法。
- (a)前記分泌性ワクチンタンパク質をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む発現ベクターを保持する細胞を投与する前に、かつ(b)前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤を投与する前に、前記対象が、治療を受けた後に疾患の進行を経験している、請求項1〜32のいずれか一項に記載の方法
- 前記療法が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法である、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記療法が、化学療法を含む、請求項33又は34に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に対し不十分な応答者である、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に失敗している、請求項33〜36のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象における疾患が、前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法を施された場合でさえ進行している、請求項33〜37のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- NSCLCの患者を治療する方法であって、
a)前記患者に毎週用量のHS−110を少なくとも6週間投与すること、及び
b)前記患者に隔週用量の抗PD−1抗体を少なくとも6週間投与すること、
を含む、方法。 - PD−L1陰性又はPD−L1低状態のNSCLCの患者を治療する方法であって、
a)前記患者に毎週用量のHS−110を少なくとも16週間投与すること、及び
b)前記患者に隔週用量の抗PD−1抗体を少なくとも16週間投与すること、
を含む、方法。 - PD−L1陰性又はPD−L1低状態のNSCLCの患者を治療する方法であって、
a)前記患者に毎週用量のHS−110を少なくとも6週間投与すること、及び
b)前記患者に隔週用量の抗PD−1抗体を少なくとも6週間投与すること、
を含む、方法。 - PD−L1陰性又はPD−L1低状態であるNSCLCの患者において抗PD−1療法の有効性を高める方法であって、
a)前記患者に毎週用量のHS−110を少なくとも16週間投与すること、及び
b)前記患者に隔週用量の抗PD−1抗体を少なくとも16週間投与すること、
を含む、方法。 - PD−L1陰性又はPD−L1低状態であるNSCLCの患者において抗PD−1療法の有効性を高める方法であって、
a)前記患者に毎週用量のHS−110を少なくとも6週間投与すること、及び
b)前記患者に隔週用量の抗PD−1抗体を少なくとも6週間投与すること、
を含む、方法。 - 低い腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL)状態(TIL低)のNSCLCの患者において抗PD−1療法の有効性を高める方法であって、
a)前記患者に毎週用量のHS−110を少なくとも16週間投与すること、及び
b)前記患者に隔週用量の抗PD−1抗体を少なくとも16週間投与すること、
を含む、方法。 - 低い腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL)状態(TIL低)のNSCLCの患者において抗PD−1療法の有効性を高める方法であって、
a)前記患者に毎週用量のHS−110を少なくとも6週間投与すること、及び
b)前記患者に隔週用量の抗PD−1抗体を少なくとも6週間投与すること、
を含む、方法。 - 前記HS−110の用量が、約1×107個の細胞である、請求項39〜45のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記抗PD−1抗体の前記用量が、240mgである、請求項39〜46のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記抗PD−1抗体が、ニボルマブ及びペンブロリズマブから選択される、請求項39〜47のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、ある療法を受けた後に疾患の進行を経験している、請求項1〜48のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記療法が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法である、請求項49に記載の方法。
- 前記療法が、化学療法を含む、請求項49又は50に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に対し不十分な応答者である、請求項49〜51のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に失敗している、請求項49〜52のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者の疾患が、前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法を施された場合でさえ進行している、請求項49〜53のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、肺癌再発を低減する、請求項39〜54のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記対象における腫瘍抗原特異的T細胞の活性化又は増殖を高める、請求項39〜55のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記対象におけるCD8+T細胞の活性化又は数を増強する、請求項39〜56のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記対象におけるIFN−γ分泌CD8+T細胞の活性化又は数を増強する、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、投与後の免疫応答で強い増加を示す、請求項39〜58のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫応答での強い増加が、CD8+T細胞の活性化又は増殖におけるベースラインを超える少なくとも2倍の増加として定義される、請求項59に記載の方法。
- 前記CD8+T細胞が、IFN−γを分泌する、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、免疫応答の強い増加を示さない対象と比較して前記対象における肺癌の再発を低減するのにより効果的である、請求項39〜61のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、投与前に少数の腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL)を示す、請求項39〜62のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記免疫チェックポイント阻害剤単独での治療と比較して前記対象における癌の再発を低減するのにより効果的である、請求項39〜63のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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