JP2021501105A - Vehicle interior system with curved cover glass with improved reliability and its formation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the vehicle interior system is disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the system: a base having a curved surface; a cold-formed glass substrate having a thickness of 1.5 mm or less and a first radius of curvature of 500 mm or more; and the curved surface and the glass. Includes adhesive to and from the substrate. Methods for forming such systems are also disclosed. The system and the method include parts and / or design modifications or methods for reducing stress in the adhesive.

Description

Cross-reference of related applications

This application claims the priority benefit of US Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 570,430 filed on October 10, 2017 under 35 USC 119. The content is relied upon and by reference in its entirety is incorporated into this application.

The present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system including glass and a method of forming the same, and more particularly, a vehicle interior system including a cold-formed or cold-bent curved cover glass with improved reliability. Regarding the formation method.

The vehicle interior includes curved surfaces, on which the display and / or touch panel can be incorporated. The materials used to form such curved surfaces are typically limited to polymers, which do not exhibit the durability and optical performance of glass. Therefore, a curved glass substrate is desirable, especially when used as a cover for a display and / or a touch panel. Existing methods of forming such curved glass substrates, such as thermal formation, have drawbacks including high cost, optical strain, and surface imprints.

Therefore, the applicant recognizes the need for a vehicle interior system that can incorporate curved glass substrates in a cost-effective manner and without the problems normally associated with the glass thermoforming process. In addition, Applicants need a vehicle interior system that uses structural adhesives while achieving improved production reliability and performance, as well as a reduced tendency for scratches to propagate through areas of adhesives with high stress levels. Are aware of.

The first aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system. In one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior system is: a base having a curved surface; a cold-formed glass substrate placed on the curved surface; and placed between the curved surface and the glass substrate. Contains adhesive. The glass substrate of one or more embodiments: a first main surface; a second main surface opposite the first main surface and facing the curved surface; and the first main surface and the above. It includes a secondary surface that connects to the second main surface. The glass substrate is further defined as: a thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface; one of the first main surface and the second main surface. , Defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness; and for both the thickness and the width of one of the first and second main surfaces. Includes a length, the thickness is 1.5 mm or less, and the second main surface includes a first radius of curvature of 500 mm or more, which is defined as a vertical second dimension. According to one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior system is further coupled to the glass substrate at a position within at least one or more regions of the adhesive that reduces the amount of adhesive stress. Includes stress reduction parts.

A second aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system. In one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior system is: a base having a curved surface; a cold-formed glass substrate placed on the curved surface; and placed between the curved surface and the glass substrate. Contains adhesive. The glass substrate of one or more embodiments: a first main surface; a second main surface opposite the first main surface and facing the curved surface; and the first main surface and the above. It includes a secondary surface that connects to the second main surface. The glass substrate is further defined as: a thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface; one of the first main surface and the second main surface. , Defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness; and for both the thickness and the width of one of the first and second main surfaces. Includes a length, the thickness is 1.5 mm or less, and the second main surface includes a first radius of curvature of 500 mm or more, which is defined as a vertical second dimension. According to one or more embodiments, the base and / or the second main surface includes a second radius of curvature that is greater than the first radius of curvature.

A third aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system. In one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior system is: a base having a curved surface; a cold-formed glass substrate placed on the curved surface; and placed between the curved surface and the glass substrate. Contains adhesive. The glass substrate of one or more embodiments: a first main surface; a second main surface opposite the first main surface and facing the curved surface; and the first main surface and the above. It includes a secondary surface that connects to the second main surface. The glass substrate is further defined as: a thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface; one of the first main surface and the second main surface. , Defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness; and for both the thickness and the width of one of the first and second main surfaces. Includes a length, the thickness is 1.5 mm or less, and the second main surface includes a first radius of curvature of 500 mm or more, which is defined as a vertical second dimension. According to one or more embodiments, the second main surface comprises a second region having a hot formed curved surface that includes a second radius of curvature.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of forming a curved vehicle interior component. The method is: A first region of a glass substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite the first main surface, with a first curvature measured on the second main surface. A step of hot forming to a radius; and a step of cold forming a second region of the glass substrate to a second radius of curvature measured on the second main surface, the second step. The region includes steps that are different from the first region.

Further features and advantages will be described in the "forms for carrying out the invention" below, some of which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the "forms for carrying out the invention". It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art by practicing embodiments as described herein, including the following "forms for carrying out the invention", claims and accompanying drawings. right.

The above-mentioned "outline of the invention" and the following "forms for carrying out the invention" are merely examples, and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and characteristics of the claims. I want you to understand. The accompanying drawings are included to provide further understanding and are incorporated herein to form part of this specification. The drawings illustrate one or more embodiments and, together with this description, serve to explain the principles and operations of the various embodiments.

Perspective view of vehicle interior using vehicle interior system according to one or more embodiments Side view of a curved display including a glass substrate and a display module according to one or more embodiments. Side view of the glass substrate used for the curved display of FIG. Front perspective view of the glass substrate of FIG. Detailed view of an embodiment of the display module of FIG. Detailed view of alternative embodiments of the display module Detailed view of the curved display of FIG. Process flowchart of a method for forming a curved display according to one or more embodiments. The diagram of the method according to FIG. Flowchart of the process for forming a curved display according to another exemplary embodiment Flowchart of the process for forming a curved display according to another exemplary embodiment Detailed view of the process of FIG. 11 according to another exemplary embodiment Flowchart of the process for forming a curved display according to another exemplary embodiment Perspective view of a curved display according to an exemplary embodiment Side view of the curved display of FIG. 14 according to an exemplary embodiment. 16A-16I is a side view of the kit according to one or more embodiments. 17A-17I is a side view of the kit according to one or more embodiments. 18A-18B is a side view of the kit according to one or more embodiments. 19A-19E is a schematic side view showing one or more embodiments of a method for forming a curved display. Schematic side view of curved cover glazing and corresponding adhesive stress profiles without stress-reducing restraints according to one or more embodiments. Schematic side view of curved cover glass and corresponding adhesive stress profiles with stress reduction restraints according to one or more embodiments. Schematic side view of a curved cover glass and the corresponding adhesive stress profile, without design modification for stress reduction on the cover glass, according to one or more embodiments. Schematic side view of a curved cover glass and the corresponding adhesive stress profile with design modifications for stress reduction on the cover glass according to one or more embodiments. Schematic side view of curved cover glass with hot formed portions according to one or more embodiments. Schematic side view of curved cover glass with hot formed portions according to one or more embodiments.

From this, various embodiments will be referred to in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In general, vehicle interior systems may include a variety of different curved surfaces designed to be transparent, such as curved display surfaces, and the present disclosure relates to articles and methods for forming these curved surfaces from glass material. .. Forming a curved vehicle surface from glass material can offer a number of advantages over typical curved plastic panels found in traditional vehicle interiors. For example, glass is typically believed to provide improved functionality and user experience compared to plastic cover materials for a number of curved cover material applications such as display and touch screen applications.

Although glass offers these advantages, curved glass articles are typically formed using a hot forming process. As described herein, a variety of curved glass articles, and a variety of processes for making them, that avoid the drawbacks of typical glass hot forming processes are provided. For example, the hot forming process is energy intensive and increases the cost of forming curved glass components compared to the cold bending process described herein. Moreover, typically, the hot forming process makes it much more difficult to apply a glass coating layer, such as an antireflection coating. For example, many coating materials are not applicable to the flat sides of the glass material prior to the hot forming process. This is because the coating material typically cannot withstand the high temperatures of the hot forming process. Moreover, applying the coating material to the surface of a curved glass substrate after hot bending is significantly more difficult than applying it to a flat glass substrate. In addition, the applicant avoids the additional high temperature heating steps described above required for thermoforming, so that the glass articles produced by the cold forming process and system described herein are made by the thermoforming process. It is believed that it has improved optical properties and / or improved surface properties compared to glass of similar shape.

In addition to these advantages over plastic cover sheets and hot-formed glass cover sheets, Applicants have requested that the systems and processes described herein cool thin tempered glass sheets, especially in economical and efficient processes. Discovered to provide inter-bending. As an example, Applicants have found that bending a glass sheet using air pressure (eg, vacuum or overpressure) provides a quick and accurate method for fitting the glass sheet to a curved device frame. .. Further, in some specific embodiments, the systems and processes described herein provide bending and adhesive curing within common equipment and / or common processing steps. In addition, the processes and systems described herein can also implement the attachment of display components to glass cover sheets during bending utilizing common equipment and / or common machining steps.

A first aspect of the present application relates to a vehicle interior system. Various embodiments of vehicle interior systems are incorporated into vehicles such as trains, automobiles (eg passenger cars, trucks, buses, etc.), ships (boats, ships, submarines, etc.), and aircraft (eg, drones, planes, jets, helicopters, etc.). be able to.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary vehicle interior 10 including three different embodiments of the vehicle interior system 100, 200, 300. The vehicle interior system 100 includes a central console base 110 having a curved surface 120 including a curved display 130. The vehicle interior system 200 includes a dashboard base 210 having a curved surface 220 including a curved display 230. The dashboard base 210 typically includes an instrument panel 215, which may also include a curved display. The vehicle interior system 300 includes a dashboard steering wheelbase 310 having a curved surface 320 and a curved display 330. In one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior system may include a base, which is any part of the vehicle interior, including armrests, pillars, backrests, floorboards, headrests, door panels, or curved surfaces.

The curved display embodiments described herein can be used interchangeably in vehicle interior systems 100, 200, and 300, respectively. Further, the curved glass articles described herein are for any of the embodiments of the curved displays described herein, including those for use in vehicle interior systems 100, 200, and / or 300. Can be used as a curved cover glass.

As shown in FIG. 2, in one or more embodiments, the curved display 130 includes a cold-formed curved glass article or substrate 140 having a first radius of curvature and a display module 150 attached to the glass substrate. At least a portion of the display module 150 has a second radius of curvature that is close to or coincides with the first radius of curvature, thereby providing the curved display with a curved glass substrate as a cover glass.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the glass substrate 140 includes a first main surface 142 and a second main surface 144 opposite the first main surface. The cold-formed glass substrate shows a first radius of curvature measured on the second main surface 144.

As used herein, the terms "cold-bent, cold-bending", "cold-formed" or "cold-forming" are used. , Refers to bending a glass substrate at a cold formation temperature below the softening point of the glass (as described herein). A characteristic of the cold-formed glass substrate is the asymmetric surface compressive stress between the first main surface 142 and the second main surface 144. The secondary surface 146 connects the first main surface 142 and the second main surface 144. In one or more embodiments, the compressive stresses of the first main surface 142 and the second main surface 144 of the glass substrate before the cold forming process or before the cold forming are substantially equal. In one or more embodiments where the glass substrate is not reinforced, the first main surface 142 and the second main surface 144 show no apparent compressive stress prior to cold formation. In one or more embodiments in which the glass substrate is reinforced (as described herein), the first main surface 142 and the second main surface 144 are attached to each other prior to cold formation. Shows approximately equal compressive stress. In one or more embodiments, of a surface having a concave shape (eg, the second main surface 144 of FIGS. 2 and 7) after cold formation (eg, shown in FIGS. 2 and 7) and after bending. Compressive stress increases. In other words, the compressive stress of the concave surface (for example, the second main surface 144) is larger after the cold formation than before the cold formation. Although not bound by theory, the cold forming process compensates for the tensile stress applied during the bending and / or forming operation by increasing the compressive stress of the glass substrate being formed. In one or more embodiments, the concave surface (second main surface 144) undergoes compressive stress due to the cold forming process, but the surface (ie, the first in FIGS. 2 and 7) that forms a convex shape after cold formation. The main surface 142) of the above is subjected to tensile stress. The tensile stress that the convex surface (ie, the first main surface 142) receives after cold formation results in a reduction in the net amount of surface compressive stress, which results in the convex surface (ie, first) of the reinforced glass sheet after cold formation. The compressive stress of the main surface 142) of 1 is less than the compressive stress of the surface (that is, the first main surface 142) when the glass sheet is flat.

When using a tempered glass substrate, since the first main surface and the second main surface (142, 144) are already under compressive stress, the first main surface can be bent during bending without fear of breakage. Can receive strong tensile stress. This allows the tempered glass substrate to adapt to tighter curved surfaces.

In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the glass substrate is adjusted to make the glass substrate relatively flexible and achieve the desired radius of curvature. Further, the thinner the glass substrate 140, the easier it is to deform, which may compensate for the shape mismatches and gaps that can be created by the shape of the display module 150. In one or more embodiments, the thin reinforced glass substrate 140 exhibits relatively high flexibility, especially during cold formation. Due to the relatively high flexibility of the glass substrates described herein, the pneumatically based bending process described herein produces a sufficient degree of bending, and the formation of homogeneous bending without heating. Both can be made possible. In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate 140 and at least a portion of the display module 150 have substantially similar radii of curvature, whereby the first main surface 142 (which can be filled with adhesive) and the display module. A substantially uniform distance is provided between the 150 and the 150.

In one or more embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate and curved display may have a composite curvature that includes major radii and cross curvature. The complex curved cold-formed glass substrate and display according to one or more embodiments may have different radii of curvature in two independent directions. Thus, according to one or more embodiments, the intricately curved cold-formed glass substrate and curved display can be characterized as having a "cross curvature", wherein the cold-formed glass. The substrate and curved display are curved along an axis parallel to a given dimension (ie, the first axis) and also along an axis perpendicular to that dimension (ie, the second axis). To do. The curvature of cold-formed glass substrates and curved displays can be further complicated when a significant minimum radius is combined with a significant cross-curvature and / or bending depth.

According to the illustrated embodiment, the glass substrate has a substantially constant thickness (t), which is defined as the distance between the first main surface 142 and the second main surface 144. The thickness (t) used in the present specification refers to the maximum thickness of the glass substrate. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3-4, the glass substrate has a width (W) defined as the first maximum dimension perpendicular to the thickness (t) of one of the first and second main surfaces. ) And the length (L) of one of the first and second main surfaces, defined as the second maximum dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and width. In other embodiments, the dimensions described herein may be average dimensions.

In one or more embodiments, the thickness (t) of the glass substrate is about 1.5 mm or less. For example, the above thickness is about 0.1 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.15 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.2 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.25 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.3 mm. ~ About 1.5 mm, about 0.35 mm ~ about 1.5 mm, about 0.4 mm ~ about 1.5 mm, about 0.45 mm ~ about 1.5 mm, about 0.5 mm ~ about 1.5 mm, about 0.55 mm ~ About 1.5 mm, about 0.6 mm ~ about 1.5 mm, about 0.65 mm ~ about 1.5 mm, about 0.7 mm ~ about 1.5 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 1.4 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ About 1.3 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 1.2 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 1.1 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 1.05 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 1 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 0.95 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.9 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.85 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.8 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.75 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.7 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.65 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.6 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.55 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.5 mm, about 0.1 mm to about It may be 0.4 mm, or about 0.3 mm to about 0.7 mm.

In one or more embodiments, the width (W) of the glass substrate is about 5 cm to about 250 cm, about 10 cm to about 250 cm, about 15 cm to about 250 cm, about 20 cm to about 250 cm, about 25 cm to about 250 cm, about 30 cm to. About 250 cm, about 35 cm to about 250 cm, about 40 cm to about 250 cm, about 45 cm to about 250 cm, about 50 cm to about 250 cm, about 55 cm to about 250 cm, about 60 cm to about 250 cm, about 65 cm to about 250 cm, about 70 cm to about 250 cm , About 75 cm to about 250 cm, about 80 cm to about 250 cm, about 85 cm to about 250 cm, about 90 cm to about 250 cm, about 95 cm to about 250 cm, about 100 cm to about 250 cm, about 110 cm to about 250 cm, about 120 cm to about 250 cm, about 130 cm to about 250 cm, about 140 cm to about 250 cm, about 150 cm to about 250 cm, about 5 cm to about 240 cm, about 5 cm to about 230 cm, about 5 cm to about 220 cm, about 5 cm to about 210 cm, about 5 cm to about 200 cm, about 5 cm to About 190 cm, about 5 cm to about 180 cm, about 5 cm to about 170 cm, about 5 cm to about 160 cm, about 5 cm to about 150 cm, about 5 cm to about 140 cm, about 5 cm to about 130 cm, about 5 cm to about 120 cm, about 5 cm to about 110 cm , About 5 cm to about 110 cm, about 5 cm to about 100 cm, about 5 cm to about 90 cm, about 5 cm to about 80 cm, or about 5 cm to about 75 cm.

In one or more embodiments, the length (L) of the glass substrate is about 5 cm to about 250 cm, about 10 cm to about 250 cm, about 15 cm to about 250 cm, about 20 cm to about 250 cm, about 25 cm to about 250 cm, about 30 cm. ~ About 250 cm, about 35 cm ~ about 250 cm, about 40 cm ~ about 250 cm, about 45 cm ~ about 250 cm, about 50 cm ~ about 250 cm, about 55 cm ~ about 250 cm, about 60 cm ~ about 250 cm, about 65 cm ~ about 250 cm, about 70 cm ~ about 250 cm, about 75 cm to about 250 cm, about 80 cm to about 250 cm, about 85 cm to about 250 cm, about 90 cm to about 250 cm, about 95 cm to about 250 cm, about 100 cm to about 250 cm, about 110 cm to about 250 cm, about 120 cm to about 250 cm, About 130 cm to about 250 cm, about 140 cm to about 250 cm, about 150 cm to about 250 cm, about 5 cm to about 240 cm, about 5 cm to about 230 cm, about 5 cm to about 220 cm, about 5 cm to about 210 cm, about 5 cm to about 200 cm, about 5 cm ~ About 190 cm, about 5 cm ~ about 180 cm, about 5 cm ~ about 170 cm, about 5 cm ~ about 160 cm, about 5 cm ~ about 150 cm, about 5 cm ~ about 140 cm, about 5 cm ~ about 130 cm, about 5 cm ~ about 120 cm, about 5 cm ~ about It is 110 cm, about 5 cm to about 110 cm, about 5 cm to about 100 cm, about 5 cm to about 90 cm, about 5 cm to about 80 cm, or about 5 cm to about 75 cm.

In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate may be reinforced. In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate may be strengthened to include compressive stresses that extend from the surface to a certain compressive depth (DOC). The compressive stress region is balanced by a central portion that exhibits tensile stress. In DOC, the stress shifts from a positive (compressive) stress to a negative (tensile) stress.

In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate can be mechanically strengthened by taking advantage of the mismatch of coefficients of thermal expansion between multiple parts of the article, thereby creating a compressive stress region and a central region exhibiting tensile stress. To do. In some embodiments, the glass substrate can be thermally strengthened by heating the glass to a temperature above the glass transition temperature and then rapidly cooling it.

In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate can be chemically strengthened by ion exchange. In the ion exchange process, ions on or near the surface of the glass substrate are replaced (that is, exchanged) with relatively large ions having the same valence or oxidation state. In embodiments where the glass substrate comprises alkali aluminosilicate glass, the ions in the surface layer of the article and the relatively large ions are monovalent alkali metal cations such as Li ⁺ , Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Rb ⁺ , and Cs. It is ⁺ . Alternatively, the monovalent cation in the surface layer may be replaced with a monovalent cation other than the alkali metal cation, such as Ag ⁺ . In such an embodiment, monovalent ions (or cations) that enter the glass substrate by exchange generate stress.

The ion exchange process typically immerses the glass substrate in a molten salt bath (or two or more molten salt baths) containing relatively large ions that will be exchanged for relatively small ions in the glass substrate. It is carried out by doing. An aqueous molten salt bath may also be used. Further, the composition of one or more baths may contain two or more types of relatively large ions (eg Na ⁺ and K ⁺ ) or may contain a single relatively large ion. An ion exchange process that includes, but is not limited to, the composition and temperature of the bath, the immersion time, the number of glass substrates immersed in one or more salt baths, the use of multiple salt baths, and additional steps such as annealing and cleaning. The parameters with respect to are generally determined by the composition of the glass substrate of the deadfront structure (including the structure of the above article and any of the crystalline phases present), as well as the desired DOC and CS of the glass substrate obtained by strengthening. , Will be understood by those in the art. An exemplary molten salt bath composition may include nitrates, sulfates, and hydrochlorides of relatively large alkali metal ions. Typical nitrates include KNO ₃ , NaNO ₃ , LiNO ₃ , NaSO ₄ , and combinations thereof. The temperature of the molten salt bath is typically from about 380 ° C to about 450 ° C, and the immersion time is about depending on the thickness of the glass substrate, the temperature of the bath, and the diffusivity of the glass (or monovalent ions). It takes 15 minutes to about 100 hours. However, temperatures and immersion times different from those described above can also be used.

In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate is immersed in a molten salt bath at about 370 ° C to about 480 ° C, 100% NaNO ₃ , 100% KNO ₃ , or a combination of NaNO ₃ and KNO _3. Good. In some embodiments, the glass substrate may be immersed in a melt mixed salt bath containing from about 5% to about 90% KNO ₃ and from about 10% to about 95% NaNO ₃ . In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate may be immersed in the first bath and then in the second bath. The first and second baths may have different compositions and / or temperatures from each other. The soaking time in the first and second salt baths may vary. For example, the immersion in the first bath may be longer than the immersion in the second bath.

In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate is subjected to NaNO ₃ and KNO ₃ (eg 49% / 51%, 50% / 50%, 51) at temperatures below about 420 ° C (eg, about 400 ° C or about 380 ° C). % / 49%) may be immersed in a molten mixed salt bath for less than about 5 hours, or for about 4 hours or less.

By adjusting the ion exchange conditions, it is possible to provide a "spike" of the resulting stress profile on or near the surface of the glass substrate, or to increase the gradient. Spikes can result in higher CS values. This spike can be achieved with a single bath or multiple baths due to the unique properties of the glass compositions used in the glass substrates described herein, where the one or more baths have a single composition. Or has a mixed composition.

In one or more embodiments in which two or more monovalent ions enter the glass substrate by exchange, different monovalent ions may be exchanged to different depths in the glass substrate (and in the glass substrate). Stresses of different magnitudes may be generated at different depths). As a result, the relative depths of the plurality of stress-generating ions can be determined to obtain the characteristics of the plurality of different stress profiles.

CS is measured by means known in the art, such as by surface stress measurement (FSM) using a commercially available device such as FSM-6000 manufactured by Orihara Seisakusho Co., Ltd. (Japan). The surface stress measurement relies on a precise measurement of the stress optical coefficient (SOC) associated with the birefringence of the glass. The SOC is based on the ASTM standard C770-98 (2013) entitled "Standard Test Method for Measurement of Glass Stress-Optical Coefficient" (see its contents, which is referred to therein. The whole is measured by the fiber method and the four-point bending method, and the bulk cylinder method described in this application. As used herein, CS may be the "maximum compressive stress" which is the maximum compressive stress value measured in the compressive stress layer. In some embodiments, the maximum compressive stress is located on the surface of the glass substrate. In other embodiments, the maximum compressive stress may occur at a depth below the surface, which causes the compressive stress to be like a "buried peak".

The DOC may be measured with an FSM or with a scattered light deflector (SCALP) (such as the SCALP-04 scattered light polarizing device available from Grassstress Ltd in Tallinn, Estonia), depending on the enhancement method and conditions. When the glass substrate is chemically strengthened by an ion exchange treatment, FSM or SCALP may be used depending on which ions enter the glass substrate by the exchange. If the stress in the glass substrate is generated by the exchange of potassium ions into the glass substrate, the DOC is measured using FSM. If the stress is generated by the exchange of sodium ions into the glass substrate, DOC is measured using SCALP. When the stress in the glass substrate product is generated by the exchange of both potassium and sodium ions into the glass, the exchange depth of sodium ions indicates DOC, and the exchange depth of potassium ions is the magnitude of compressive stress. DOC is measured by SCALP, and the exchange depth of potassium ions in the glass substrate is measured by FSM because it is considered to indicate the change in stress (but not the change in stress from compressive stress to tensile stress). Central tension or CT is the maximum tensile stress and is measured by SCALP.

In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate may be reinforced to exhibit the DOC described as a small portion of the thickness t of the glass substrate (as described herein). For example, in one or more embodiments, the DOC is about 0.05t or more, about 0.1t or more, about 0.11t or more, about 0.12t or more, about 0.13t or more, about 0.14t or more, about. It may be 0.15t or more, about 0.16t or more, about 0.17t or more, about 0.18t or more, about 0.19t or more, about 0.2t or more, about 0.21t or more. In some embodiments, the DOC is about 0.08t to about 0.25t, about 0.09t to about 0.25t, about 0.18t to about 0.25t, about 0.11t to about 0.25t, About 0.12t to about 0.25t, about 0.13t to about 0.25t, about 0.14t to about 0.25t, about 0.15t to about 0.25t, about 0.08t to about 0.24t, About 0.08t to about 0.23t, about 0.08t to about 0.22t, about 0.08t to about 0.21t, about 0.08t to about 0.2t, about 0.08t to about 0.19t, It may be about 0.08t to about 0.18t, about 0.08t to about 0.17t, about 0.08t to about 0.16t, or about 0.08t to about 0.15t. In some examples, the DOC may be about 20 μm or less. In one or more embodiments, the DOC is about 40 μm or greater (eg, about 40 μm to about 300 μm, about 50 μm to about 300 μm, about 60 μm to about 300 μm, about 70 μm to about 300 μm, about 80 μm to about 300 μm, about 90 μm to about 90 μm. 300 μm, about 100 μm to about 300 μm, about 110 μm to about 300 μm, about 120 μm to about 300 μm, about 140 μm to about 300 μm, about 150 μm to about 300 μm, about 40 μm to about 290 μm, about 40 μm to about 280 μm, about 40 μm to about 260 μm, About 40 μm to about 250 μm, about 40 μm to about 240 μm, about 40 μm to about 230 μm, about 40 μm to about 220 μm, about 40 μm to about 210 μm, about 40 μm to about 200 μm, about 40 μm to about 180 μm, about 40 μm to about 160 μm, about 40 μm ~ About 150 μm, about 40 μm to about 140 μm, about 40 μm to about 130 μm, about 40 μm to about 120 μm, about 40 μm to about 110 μm, or about 40 μm to about 100 μm).

In one or more embodiments, the tempered glass substrate is 200 MPa or higher, 300 MPa or higher, 400 MPa or higher, about 500 MPa or higher, about 600 MPa or higher, about 700 MPa or higher, about 800 MPa or higher, about 900 MPa or higher, about 930 MPa or higher, about 1000 MPa or higher, Alternatively, it may have a CS of about 1050 MPa or more, which can be observed on the surface of the glass substrate or at a certain depth.

In one or more embodiments, the tempered glass substrate is about 20 MPa or more, about 30 MPa or more, about 40 MPa or more, about 45 MPa or more, about 50 MPa or more, about 60 MPa or more, about 70 MPa or more, about 75 MPa or more, about 80 MPa or more, or It may have a maximum tensile stress or central tension (CT) of about 85 MPa or more. In some embodiments, the maximum tensile stress or central tension (CT) may be from about 40 MPa to about 100 MPa.

Glass compositions suitable for use in glass substrates are soda lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, boroaluminosilicate glass, alkali-containing aluminosilicate glass, alkali-containing borosilicate glass, and alkali-containing boroaluminosilicate glass. including.

Unless otherwise specified, the glass compositions disclosed herein are described in mole percent (mol%) analyzed on an oxide basis.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 66 mol% to about 80 mol%, about 67 mol% to about 80 mol%, about 68 mol% to about 80 mol%, about 69 mol% to about 80. Mol%, about 70 mol% to about 80 mol%, about 72 mol% to about 80 mol%, about 65 mol% to about 78 mol%, about 65 mol% to about 76 mol%, about 65 mol% to about 75 Amount of SiO in mol%, about 65 mol% to about 74 mol%, about 65 mol% to about 72 mol%, or about 65 mol% to about 70 mol%, and all and subranges between them. ₂ may be included.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition comprises more than about 4 mol%, or more than about 5 mol%, Al ₂ O ₃ . In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is greater than about 7 mol% and up to about 15 mol%, more than about 7 mol% and up to about 14 mol%, about 7 mol% to about 13 mol%, about 4 mol. % ~ About 12 mol%, about 7 mol% ~ about 11 mol%, about 8 mol% ~ about 15 mol%, 9 mol% ~ about 15 mol%, about 9 mol% ~ about 15 mol%, about 10 mol% Includes ~ about 15 mol%, about 11 mol% to about 15 mol%, or about 12 mol% to about 15 mol%, and amounts of Al ₂ O ₃ in all and subranges between them. In one or more embodiments, the upper limit of Al ₂ O ₃ may be about 14 mol%, 14.2 mol%, 14.4 mol%, 14.6 mol%, or 14.8 mol%.

In one or more embodiments, the glass article is described as an aluminosilicate glass article or as comprising an aluminosilicate glass composition. In such an embodiment, the glass composition or the article formed from the glass composition contains SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ and is not a soda lime silicate glass. In this regard, the glass composition or articles formed from the glass composition is about 2 mol% or more, 2.25 mol% or more, 2.5 mol% or more, about 2.75 mol% or more, about 3 mol% or more. Al ₂ O ₃ of.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition comprises B ₂ O ₃ (eg, about 0.01 mol% or more). In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 0 mol% to about 5 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 4 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 3 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 2. Mol%, about 0 mol% to about 1 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 0.5 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 5 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 4 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 3 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 2 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 1 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 0.5 mol%, and Includes amounts of B ₂ O ₃ within all and subranges between them. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is substantially free of B ₂ O ₃ .

As used herein, the phrase "substantially free" relating to a component of a composition is that the component is not actively or intentionally added to the composition during initial batch production, although It means that it can be present as an impurity in an amount less than about 0.001 mol%.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition optionally comprises P ₂ O ₅ (eg, about 0.01 mol% or more). In one or more embodiments, the glass composition comprises a non-zero amount of P ₂ O ₅ of 2 mol% or less, 1.5 mol% or less, 1 mol% or less, or 0.5 mol% or less. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition does not comprise substantially the P ₂ O _5.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is from about 8 mole% or more, about 10 mol% or more, or a total amount of about 12 mole% or more of _{R 2} O _{(which, Li 2 O, Na 2 O} , K The total amount of alkali metal oxides such as ₂ O, Rb ₂ O, and Cs ₂ O) may be included. In some embodiments, the glass composition is about 8 mol% to about 20 mol%, about 8 mol% to about 18 mol%, about 8 mol% to about 16 mol%, about 8 mol% to about 14 mol. %, About 8 mol% to about 12 mol%, about 9 mol% to about 20 mol%, about 10 mol% to about 20 mol%, about 11 mol% to about 20 mol%, about 12 mol% to about 20 mol %, from about 13 mole% to about 20 mol%, about 10 mol% to about 14 mole%, or 11 mole% to about 13 mole%, and in all ranges and subranges therebetween, of _{R 2} O Includes total amount. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition may be substantially free of Rb ₂ O, Cs ₂ O, or both Rb ₂ O and Cs ₂ O. In one or more embodiments, R ₂ O may comprise the total amount of Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O, and K ₂ O only. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition may comprise at least one alkali metal oxide selected from Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O, and K ₂ O, wherein the alkali metal oxide is: It is present in an amount of about 8 mol% or more.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition comprises about 8 mol% or more, about 10 mol% or more, or about 12 mol% or more Na ₂ O. In one or more embodiments, the composition comprises from about 8 mol% to about 20 mol%, from about 8 mol% to about 18 mol%, from about 8 mol% to about 16 mol%, from about 8 mol% to about 14 Mol%, about 8 mol% to about 12 mol%, about 9 mol% to about 20 mol%, about 10 mol% to about 20 mol%, about 11 mol% to about 20 mol%, about 12 mol% to about 20 Mol%, about 13 mol% to about 20 mol%, about 10 mol% to about 14 mol%, or 11 mol% to about 16 mol%, and Na ₂ O in all and subranges between them. Including.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition comprises less than about 4 mol% K ₂ O, less than about 3 mol% K ₂ O, or less than about 1 mol% K ₂ O. In some examples, the glass composition is about 0 mol% to about 4 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 3.5 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 3 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 2. .5 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 2 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 1.5 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 1 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 0.5 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 0.2 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 0.1 mol%, about 0.5 mol% to about 4 mol%, about 0.5 mol% to about 3.5 mol%, about 0.5 mol% to about 3 mol%, about 0.5 mol% to about 2.5 mol%, about 0.5 mol% to about 2 mol%, about 0.5 mol% to about 1.5 mol% , Or about 0.5 mol% to about 1 mol%, and amounts of K ₂ O within all and subranges between them. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition may not include substantially the K _{2 O.}

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is substantially free of Li ₂ O.

In one or more embodiments, the amount of Na ₂ O in the composition may be greater than the amount of Li ₂ O. In some examples, the amount of Na ₂ O may be greater than the total amount of Li ₂ O and K ₂ O. In one or more alternative embodiments, the amount of Li ₂ O in the composition may be greater than the amount of Na ₂ O or the total amount of Na ₂ O and K ₂ O.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition has a total amount of RO, from about 0 mol% to about 2 mol%, which is the total amount of alkaline earth metal oxides such as CaO, MgO, BaO, ZnO, and SrO. ) May be included. In some embodiments, the glass composition comprises less than about 2 mol% of RO in a non-zero amount. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 0 mol% to about 1.8 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 1.6 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 1.5 mol%, about. 0 mol% to about 1.4 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 1.2 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 1 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 0.8 mol%, about 0 mol% to Includes about 0.5 mol%, and amounts of RO in all and subranges between them.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition comprises less than about 1 mol%, less than about 0.8 mol%, or less than about 0.5 mol% CaO. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is substantially free of CaO.

In some embodiments, the glass composition is about 0 mol% to about 7 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 6 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 5 mol%, about 0 mol% to about 4 mol. %, About 0.1 mol% to about 7 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 6 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 5 mol%, about 0.1 mol% to about 4 mol%, Includes about 1 mol% to about 7 mol%, about 2 mol% to about 6 mol%, or about 3 mol% to about 6 mol%, and amounts of MgO in all and subranges between them.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 0.2 mol% or less, less than about 0.18 mol%, less than about 0.16 mol%, less than about 0.15 mol%, about 0.14 mol. Includes less than%, less than about 0.12 mol% ZrO ₂ . In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 0.01 mol% to about 0.2 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.18 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0. .16 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.15 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.14 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.12 mol%, or about 0 Includes 0.01 mol% to about 0.10 mol%, and ZrO ₂ within all and subranges between them.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 0.2 mol% or less, less than about 0.18 mol%, less than about 0.16 mol%, less than about 0.15 mol%, about 0.14 mol. Includes less than%, less than about 0.12 mol% SnO ₂ . In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 0.01 mol% to about 0.2 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.18 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0. .16 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.15 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.14 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.12 mol%, or about 0 Includes 0.01 mol% to about 0.10 mol%, and SnO ₂ within all and subranges between them.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition may comprise an oxide that imparts color or shade to the glass article. In some embodiments, the glass composition comprises an oxide that prevents the glass article from decolorizing when exposed to UV irradiation. Examples of such oxides include, but are not limited to, oxides of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce, W, and Mo.

In one or more embodiments, the glass composition comprises Fe, represented as Fe ₂ O ₃ , where Fe is present in an amount of about 1 mol% or less. In some embodiments, the glass composition is substantially free of Fe. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 0.2 mol% or less, less than about 0.18 mol%, less than about 0.16 mol%, less than about 0.15 mol%, about 0.14 mol. Contains less than%, less than about 0.12 mol% Fe ₂ O ₃ . In one or more embodiments, the glass composition is about 0.01 mol% to about 0.2 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.18 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0. .16 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.15 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.14 mol%, about 0.01 mol% to about 0.12 mol%, or about 0 Includes 0.01 mol% to about 0.10 mol%, as well as Fe ₂ O ₃ within all and subranges between them.

When the glass composition contains TiO ₂ , TiO ₂ may be present in an amount of about 5 mol% or less, about 2.5 mol% or less, about 2 mol% or less, or about 1 mol% or less. In one or more embodiments, the glass composition may be substantially free of TiO ₂ .

One exemplary glass composition is about 65 mol% to about 75 mol% SiO ₂ , about 8 mol% to about 14 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , and about 12 mol% to about 17 mol% Na ₂ O. , About 0 mol% to about 0.2 mol% K ₂ O, and about 1.5 mol% to about 6 mol% Mg O. Optionally, SnO ₂ may be included in an amount disclosed elsewhere herein.

In one or more embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate 140 has a radius of curvature (first radius of curvature) that matches the radius of curvature (second radius of curvature) of at least a portion of the display module 150. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of the display module 150 is curved to approach or match the radius of curvature of the cold-formed glass substrate 140. In one or more embodiments, the display module 150 includes a second glass substrate, a backlight unit, and other components, any of which may be flexible or have a certain radius of curvature. May always be exhibited. In some embodiments, the entire display module is curved to a second radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate 140 is cold formed to a radius of curvature that is close to or matches the radius of curvature of at least a portion of the display module 150. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of the display module 150 is cold formed to a radius of curvature close to or coincide with the radius of curvature of the cold formed glass substrate 140.

As used herein, when the first radius of curvature of a glass substrate varies over its area, the first radius of curvature referred to herein is the minimum radius of curvature of the glass substrate. Similarly, when the second radius of curvature of the display module varies over its area, the second radius of curvature referred to herein is the minimum radius of curvature of the display module.

In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate 140 has a first radius of curvature that is about 60 mm or more. For example, the first radius of curvature is about 60 mm to about 1500 mm, about 70 mm to about 1500 mm, about 80 mm to about 1500 mm, about 90 mm to about 1500 mm, about 100 mm to about 1500 mm, about 120 mm to about 1500 mm, about 140 mm to about 1500 mm. , About 150 mm to about 1500 mm, about 160 mm to about 1500 mm, about 180 mm to about 1500 mm, about 200 mm to about 1500 mm, about 220 mm to about 1500 mm, about 240 mm to about 1500 mm, about 250 mm to about 1500 mm, about 260 mm to about 1500 mm, about 270 mm to about 1500 mm, about 280 mm to about 1500 mm, about 290 mm to about 1500 mm, about 300 mm to about 1500 mm, about 350 mm to about 1500 mm, about 400 mm to about 1500 mm, about 450 mm to about 1500 mm, about 500 mm to about 1500 mm, about 550 mm About 1500 mm, about 600 mm to about 1500 mm, about 650 mm to about 1500 mm, about 700 mm to about 1500 mm, about 750 mm to about 1500 mm, about 800 mm to about 1500 mm, about 900 mm to about 1500 mm, about 9500 mm to about 1500 mm, about 1000 mm to about 1500 mm , About 1250 mm to about 1500 mm, about 60 mm to about 1400 mm, about 60 mm to about 1300 mm, about 60 mm to about 1200 mm, about 60 mm to about 1100 mm, about 60 mm to about 1000 mm, about 60 mm to about 950 mm, about 60 mm to about 900 mm, about 60 mm to about 850 mm, about 60 mm to about 800 mm, about 60 mm to about 750 mm, about 60 mm to about 700 mm, about 60 mm to about 650 mm, about 60 mm to about 600 mm, about 60 mm to about 550 mm, about 60 mm to about 500 mm, about 60 mm to It may be about 450 mm, about 60 mm to about 400 mm, about 60 mm to about 350 mm, about 60 mm to about 300 mm, or about 60 mm to about 250 mm.

In one or more embodiments, the display module 150 has a second radius of curvature of about 60 mm or more. For example, the second radius of curvature is about 60 mm to about 1500 mm, about 70 mm to about 1500 mm, about 80 mm to about 1500 mm, about 90 mm to about 1500 mm, about 100 mm to about 1500 mm, about 120 mm to about 1500 mm, about 140 mm to about 1500 mm. , About 150 mm to about 1500 mm, about 160 mm to about 1500 mm, about 180 mm to about 1500 mm, about 200 mm to about 1500 mm, about 220 mm to about 1500 mm, about 240 mm to about 1500 mm, about 250 mm to about 1500 mm, about 260 mm to about 1500 mm, about 270 mm to about 1500 mm, about 280 mm to about 1500 mm, about 290 mm to about 1500 mm, about 300 mm to about 1500 mm, about 350 mm to about 1500 mm, about 400 mm to about 1500 mm, about 450 mm to about 1500 mm, about 500 mm to about 1500 mm, about 550 mm About 1500 mm, about 600 mm to about 1500 mm, about 650 mm to about 1500 mm, about 700 mm to about 1500 mm, about 750 mm to about 1500 mm, about 800 mm to about 1500 mm, about 900 mm to about 1500 mm, about 9500 mm to about 1500 mm, about 1000 mm to about 1500 mm , About 1250 mm to about 1500 mm, about 60 mm to about 1400 mm, about 60 mm to about 1300 mm, about 60 mm to about 1200 mm, about 60 mm to about 1100 mm, about 60 mm to about 1000 mm, about 60 mm to about 950 mm, about 60 mm to about 900 mm, about 60 mm to about 850 mm, about 60 mm to about 800 mm, about 60 mm to about 750 mm, about 60 mm to about 700 mm, about 60 mm to about 650 mm, about 60 mm to about 600 mm, about 60 mm to about 550 mm, about 60 mm to about 500 mm, about 60 mm to It may be about 450 mm, about 60 mm to about 400 mm, about 60 mm to about 350 mm, about 60 mm to about 300 mm, and about 60 mm to about 250 mm.

In one or more embodiments, the glass substrate is cold formed and is within 10% of the second radius of curvature of the display module 150 (eg, about 10% or less, about 9% or less, about 8% or less, about 7%). Hereinafter, it exhibits a first radius of curvature of about 6% or less, or about 5% or less). For example, when the display module 150 exhibits a radius of curvature of 1000 mm, the glass substrate is cold formed to have a radius of curvature of about 900 mm to about 1100 mm.

In one or more embodiments, the display module 150 includes a second glass substrate 152 and a backlight unit 154, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the second glass substrate is arranged adjacent to the first main surface 142 of the glass substrate. Therefore, the second glass substrate 152 is arranged between the backlight unit 154 and the first main surface 142. In the illustrated embodiment, the backlight unit 154 is optionally curved to exhibit a second radius of curvature of the curved display 150. In one or more embodiments, the backlight unit 154 may be flexible so that it curves to a second radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate 152 may be curved to a second radius of curvature. In one or more specific embodiments, the second glass substrate may be cold formed to exhibit a second radius of curvature. In such an embodiment, the second radius of curvature is measured on the surface of the second glass substrate 152 adjacent to the glass substrate 140. In one or more embodiments, the display module 150 (including any one or more of the backlight unit, the second glass substrate, and the frame) is permanently to the second radius of curvature of the curved display 150. Can be curved to. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate may be cold formed before or during lamination.

In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the second glass substrate may be greater than the thickness of the glass substrate. In one or more embodiments, the thickness is greater than 1 mm, or greater than or equal to about 1.5 mm. In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the second glass substrate may be substantially the same as that of the glass substrate. In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the second glass substrate is about 0.1 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.15 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.2 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0. .25 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.3 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.35 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.4 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.45 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0 .5 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.55 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.6 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.65 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.7 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0 .1 mm to about 1.4 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 1.3 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 1.2 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 1.1 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 1.05 mm, about 0 .1 mm to about 1 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.95 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.9 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.85 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.8 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ About 0.75 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 0.7 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 0.65 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 0.6 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ about 0.55 mm, about 0.1 mm ~ About 0.5 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 0.4 mm, or about 0.3 mm to about 0.7 mm.

The second glass substrate may have the same glass composition as the glass substrate 140, or may be different from the glass composition used for the glass substrate 140. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate may have an alkali-free glass composition. Glass compositions suitable for use in the second glass substrate include soda lime glass, alkali-free aluminosilicate glass, alkali-free borosilicate glass, alkali-free boroaluminosilicate glass, and alkali-containing aluminosilicate glass. Examples thereof include alkali-containing borosilicate glass and alkali-containing boroaluminosilicate glass. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate may be reinforced (as disclosed herein with respect to the glass substrate 140). In some embodiments, the second glass substrate is not fortified or is only fortified by mechanical and / or thermal intensification (ie, not by chemical intensification). In some embodiments, the second glass substrate may be annealed.

In one or more embodiments, the display module 150 includes a frame 158. In the illustrated embodiment, the frame 158 is positioned between the backlight unit 154 and the second glass substrate 152. The frame may have an "L" shape, with flanges 159 extending outward from the display module 150. In one or more embodiments, the frame 158 surrounds the backlight unit 154 at least partially. In one or more embodiments shown in FIG. 6, the frame surrounds the second glass substrate 152 at least partially. In one or more embodiments, the frame may at least partially surround the secondary surface 146 of the glass substrate 140, or the secondary surface of the glass substrate may not be surrounded by the frame. In other words, the frame may include a secondary flange 157 extending so as to partially surround the secondary glass substrate 152 and / or the secondary surface of the glass substrate 140.

In one or more embodiments, the curved display comprises an adhesive or an adhesive layer 160 between the glass substrate 140 and the display module 150. The adhesive may be optically transparent. In some embodiments, the adhesive is placed on a portion of the glass substrate 140 and / or the display module 150. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the glass substrate may include an outer circumference 147 adjacent to a side surface 146 that defines an inner portion 148, and the adhesive may be placed on at least a portion of this outer circumference. By adjusting the thickness of the adhesive, the lamination between the display module 150 (more specifically, the second glass substrate) and the glass substrate 140 can be guaranteed. For example, the thickness of the adhesive may be about 1 mm or less. In some embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive is about 200 μm to about 500 μm, about 225 μm to about 500 μm, about 250 μm to about 500 μm, about 275 μm to about 500 μm, about 300 μm to about 500 μm, about 325 μm to about 500 μm, About 350 μm to about 500 μm, about 375 μm to about 500 μm, about 400 μm to about 500 μm, about 200 μm to about 475 μm, about 200 μm to about 450 μm, about 200 μm to about 425 μm, about 200 μm to about 400 μm, about 200 μm to about 375 μm, about 200 μm ~ About 350 μm, about 200 μm to about 325 μm, about 200 μm to about 300 μm, or about 225 μm to about 275 μm.

In one or more embodiments, one or both of the first main surface 142 and the second main surface 144 of the glass substrate comprises surface treatment. This surface treatment may cover at least a part of the first main surface 142 and the second main surface 144. Exemplary surface treatments include easy-to-clean surfaces, anti-glare surfaces, anti-reflective surfaces, and pigment designs. In one or more embodiments, the at least portion of the first main surface 142 and / or the second main surface 144 is any one of an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design. Any two or all three may be included. For example, the first main surface 142 may include an anti-glare surface and the second main surface 144 may include an anti-reflective surface. In another example, the first main surface 142 includes an anti-reflective surface and the second main surface 144 includes an anti-glare surface. In yet another example, the first main surface 142 comprises one or both of an antiglare surface and an antireflection surface, and the second main surface 144 comprises a pigmented design.

Pigment designs may include any aesthetic design formed by pigments (eg, ink, paint, etc.), including wood grain designs, hairline-finished metal designs, graphic designs, portraits, or logos. Can be done. Pigment designs can be printed on glass substrates. In one or more embodiments, the antiglare surface comprises an etched surface. In one or more embodiments, the antireflection surface comprises a multi-layer coating. In one or more embodiments, the easy-to-clean surface comprises an oleophobic coating that imparts anti-fingerprint properties.

In one or more embodiments, the surface treatment (ie, easy-to-clean surface, anti-glare surface, anti-reflective surface, and / or pigment design) is located on at least a portion of the outer circumference 147 and the inner portion 148 is a surface. Has virtually no treatment.

In one or more embodiments, the display module includes a touch function, which is accessible through the glass substrate 140. In one or more embodiments, the display image or content indicated by the display module is visible through the glass substrate 140.

A second aspect of the present disclosure relates to various methods and systems for cold forming a glass sheet / substrate such as substrate 140 and / or forming a curved display. In various embodiments, the methods and systems described herein utilize air pressure differences to cause bending of the glass sheet / substrate. As mentioned above, these systems and methods use glass sheets / substrates without the use of high temperatures (eg, temperatures above the glass transition temperature) typical of hot bending / hot forming processes. Bend the substrate.

With reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, a method 1000 for forming a curved display according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. In one or more embodiments, the method cold-forms a glass substrate, such as substrate 140, to a first radius of curvature (described herein) with step 1100 and a first radius of curvature of the glass substrate. Including step 1150 in which the display module 150 is laminated on the first main surface of the main surface 142 or 144 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) to form a curved display, while maintaining the display module 150. , Has a second radius of curvature (as described herein) within 10% of the first radius of curvature. As shown in FIG. 9, in one or more embodiments, the step of cold forming the glass substrate 140 is a step of applying a vacuum to the second main surface 144 of the glass substrate to generate a first radius of curvature. Includes 1120. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the step of applying the vacuum includes step 1110 of placing the glass substrate on the vacuum jig before applying the vacuum to the second main surface. In order to maintain the first radius of curvature, the assembly with the glass substrate and the subsequent display module (steps 1150, 1200) applies vacuum to the glass substrate to cool the glass substrate to the first radius of curvature. It is carried out while forming an interval. In other words, the glass substrate 140 is temporarily cold-formed by applying a vacuum, and by the subsequent assembly with the display module 150, the glass substrate is permanently cold-formed to form a curved display. Will be done. In such an embodiment, the display module provides the rigidity required to permanently cold-form the glass substrate. Other mechanisms for temporarily cold forming the glass substrate may be used. For example, the glass substrate may be temporarily fixed to a mold having a desired curvature to cold-form the glass substrate. The glass substrate can be temporarily fixed by a pressure sensitive adhesive or other mechanism.

After the cold formation of the glass substrate, the method of one or more embodiments is to apply an adhesive to the first main surface and the display module before laminating the display module on the first main surface. It includes a step of laminating on the first main surface 142 of the glass substrate 140 so as to be disposed between. In one or more embodiments, the step of laminating the adhesive may include applying a layer of adhesive, followed by applying a normal force using a roller or other mechanism. An exemplary example comprises any suitable optically transparent adhesive for adhering the glass substrate to the second glass substrate of the display module 150. One example is an optically transparent adhesive available from 3M Corporation under Trademark 8215. The thickness of the adhesive may be from about 200 μm to about 500 μm.

In one or more embodiments, the step 1200 of laminating the display modules is a step of laminating the second glass substrate 152 on the glass substrate 140 (step 1210 in FIG. 9), followed by a backlight unit 154. The step of attaching to the second glass substrate (step 1220 of FIG. 9) is included. In one or more embodiments, the method comprises the step of cold forming a second glass substrate during lamination to the glass substrate. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate is curved prior to lamination. For example, the second glass substrate may be temporarily curved or cold-formed to exhibit a second radius of curvature prior to lamination. In another example, the second glass substrate may be permanently curved (eg, by hot formation) to exhibit a second radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the backlight unit is curved to exhibit a second radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the backlight unit is flexible and is curved to a second radius of curvature during lamination. In one or more embodiments, the backlight unit may be curved prior to stacking. For example, the backlight unit may be temporarily curved to exhibit a second radius of curvature prior to stacking. In another example, the backlight unit may be permanently curved to exhibit a second radius of curvature.

In one or more embodiments, step 1220 includes attaching a frame with a backlight unit to a second glass substrate. In one or more embodiments, the method includes step 1230 of removing the vacuum from the second main surface of the glass substrate 140. For example, the step of removing the vacuum from the second main surface may include the step of removing the curved display from the vacuum jig.

In one or more embodiments, the method comprises the steps of arranging or assembling the curved display within the vehicle interior system 100, 200, 300.

With reference to FIGS. 10-15, further systems and methods for forming curved glass sheets / substrates by cold formation are illustrated and described. In the specific embodiments illustrated and described, the curved glass substrate is used for a curved display for a vehicle, eg, in a vehicle interior system 100, 200, 300. It should be understood that any of the glass substrates, frames, and display module embodiments described herein can be formed or utilized in the processes and systems described in connection with FIGS. 10-15.

With reference to FIG. 10, a method 1300 for cold bending of a glass substrate is illustrated. In step 1310, the glass substrate, such as the glass substrate 140, is supported and / or placed on the curved frame. The frame may be a display frame such as a frame 158 that defines the outer circumference and curved shape of the vehicle display. Generally, the curved frame includes a curved support surface, and one of the main surfaces 142 or 144 of the glass substrate 140 is arranged so as to be in contact with the curved support surface of the frame.

In step 1320, the glass substrate is bent so as to match the curved shape of the curved support surface of the frame by applying an air pressure difference to the glass substrate while supporting the glass substrate by the frame. In this way, a curved glass substrate is formed from a generally flat glass substrate / sheet (see FIGS. 3 and 4). In this configuration, a flat piece of glass material is curved to form a curved shape on the main surface facing the frame, while also corresponding (but complementary) to the main surface of the glass substrate on the opposite side of the frame. Form a curve. Applicants have found that bending a glass substrate directly onto a curved frame eliminates the need for a separate curved die or mold (typically required for other glass bending processes). In addition, Applicants have discovered that by molding the glass substrate directly on a curved frame, a wide range of glass radii can be achieved in a less complex manufacturing process.

In some embodiments, a vacuum can be created by a vacuum jig such as jig 1110. In some other embodiments, a vacuum is applied to the airtight enclosure surrounding the frame and glass substrate to form the air pressure difference. In a specific embodiment, the airtight enclosure is a flexible polymer shell such as a plastic bag or pouch. In another embodiment, an overpressure device such as an autoclave is used to generate an elevated air pressure around the glass substrate and frame to form the air pressure difference. Applicants also found that the air pressure provided a homogeneous and highly uniform bending force (compared to contact-based bending methods), which led to a more robust manufacturing process.

In step 1330, the temperature of the glass substrate is maintained below the glass transition temperature of the material of the glass substrate during bending. Method 1300 is therefore a cold forming or cold bending process. In certain embodiments, the temperature of the glass substrate is maintained at 500 ° C, 400 ° C, 300 ° C, 200 ° C, or less than 100 ° C. In certain embodiments, the glass substrate is kept below room temperature during bending. In certain embodiments, the glass substrate is not actively heated by a heating element, a furnace, or an oven, as is the case when the glass is hot formed into a curved shape during bending.

As mentioned above, in addition to providing processing advantages such as eliminating costly and / or time consuming heating steps, the cold forming process described herein is particularly display cover glass. It is believed to produce curved glass sheets with a variety of properties that are superior to hot-formed glass sheets for use. For example, Applicants formed using the cold bending process / system described herein because heating during the hot forming process reduces the optical properties of curved glass sheets, for at least some glass materials. It is believed that the curved glass substrate provided provides both a curved glass shape and improved optical quality that is unlikely to be achieved by the hot bending process.

In addition, many glass coating materials (eg, antiglare coatings, antireflection coatings, etc.) are applied by deposition processes such as sputtering processes, which are typically not suitable for coating curved glass articles. In addition, many coating materials can withstand the high temperatures associated with the hot bending process. Thus, in certain embodiments described herein, one or more coating materials are applied to the main surface 142 and / or main surface 144 of the glass substrate 140 prior to cold bending to obtain the coated glass substrate. Bend into a curved shape as described herein. Applicants therefore believe that the processes and systems described herein allow the glass to be bent after applying one or more coating materials to the glass, as opposed to the typical hot forming process. ing.

With reference to FIG. 11, a process 1400 for forming a curved display is shown. In step 1410, the adhesive material is applied between the curved support surface of the frame and the first main surface 142 of the glass substrate 140. In certain embodiments, the adhesive is first placed on the support surface of the frame and then in step 1420 the glass substrate 140 is placed on the adhesive coated frame. In another embodiment, the adhesive is placed on the first main surface 142 and then placed in contact with the support surface of the frame.

The adhesive material can be applied in a variety of ways. In one embodiment, the adhesive is applied using an applicator gun and mixing nozzle, or premixing syringe, and spread evenly using, for example, a roller, brush, doctor blade, or drawdown bar. In various embodiments, the adhesives described herein are structural adhesives. In certain embodiments, structural adhesives include, but are not limited to, adhesives selected from one or more of the following categories: (a) Reinforced epoxy (eg, Masterbond EP21TDCHT-LO, 3M Scotch Weld Epoxy DP460 Off-White); (b) Flexible Epoxy (eg Masterbond EP21TDC-2LO); (c) Acrylic and / or Reinforced Acrylic (eg LORD Adhesive 403, 406 or 406) Acrylic Adhesive with 19 or 19GB w / LORD AP 134 Primer, LORD Adhesive 850 or 852 / LORD Accelerator 25GB, Loctite HF8000, Loctite AA4800; (d) Urethane (eg 3MleSteel PUR 9622-02 UVNA, Loctite HHD 3542, Loctite HHD 3580, 3M Hot Melt Adhesives Polyurethane (PUR) Hot Melt Adhesives such as 3674 and 3748); Silicone Assembly Adhesive, Dow Corning 7091, SikaSil-GP). In some cases, structural adhesives available as sheets or films (eg, but not limited to, 3M structural adhesive films AF126-2, AF163-2M, SBT 9263 and 9214, Masterbond FLM36-LO) may be utilized. .. Further, a pressure sensitive structural adhesive such as 3M VHB tape may be used. In such an embodiment, the pressure sensitive adhesive can be used to bond the curved glass substrate to the frame without the need for a curing step.

In step 1420, a variety of different techniques or mechanisms can be used to align the glass substrate with the frame. For example, tabs, markings, and clamps can be used to align the glass substrate with the support surface of the frame.

In step 1430, by applying an air pressure difference, the glass substrate 140 is bent to match the shape of the curved support surface of the curved frame, as described above for step 1320. In step 1440, the previously curved glass substrate is adhered to the support surface of the curved frame with an adhesive. This bonding step is performed during the application of the air pressure difference, as the air pressure does not permanently deform the glass substrate. In various embodiments, the air pressure difference is 0.5 to 1.5 atmospheres (atm), specifically 0.7 to 1.1 atm, and more specifically 0.8 to 1 atm.

The performance of step 1440 is based on the type of adhesive used to form the bond between the glass substrate and the frame. For example, in an embodiment in which the curing of the adhesive is accelerated by an increase in temperature, heat is applied to cure the adhesive. In one such embodiment
The thermosetting adhesive is kept at the curing temperature of the adhesive, but below the glass transition temperature of the glass substrate, while holding the glass sheet bent to match the shape of the curved support surface of the curved frame by the pressure difference. It cures by raising the temperature to temperature. In certain specific embodiments, heat may be applied using an oven or furnace. In another embodiment, both heat and pressure may be applied by an overpressure device such as an autoclave.

In embodiments where the adhesive is a UV curable adhesive, UV light is applied to cure the adhesive. In another embodiment, the adhesive is a pressure sensitive adhesive, and by applying pressure, the adhesive adheres between the glass substrate and the frame. In various embodiments, the adhesive may be an optically transparent adhesive, such as a liquid optical transparent adhesive, regardless of the process of forming the bond between the glass substrate and the frame.

In step 1450, a display module such as the display module 150 is attached to a frame that supports the glass substrate that has been curved and adhered. In a specific embodiment, the glass substrate-frame assembly may be removed from the device applying the pressure difference before attaching the display module to the frame. In one specific embodiment, the display module is attached to the frame by an adhesive, such as an optically transparent adhesive. In other embodiments, the display module can be attached to the frame by a variety of mechanical coupling devices such as screws, snap fitting parts, and the like. In one specific embodiment, a 125 μm thick liquid optical transparent adhesive (LOCA) available from an E3 display is applied to bond the display module to the frame, then the adhesive is UV cured and assembled. Get the parts of.

FIG. 12 graphically illustrates process 1400, which includes additional steps according to an exemplary embodiment. In step 1425, the glass substrate supported on the frame is positioned within the airtight enclosure illustrated as the plastic vacuum bag 1426. In one specific embodiment, the breather cloth is placed on the frame 158 / glass substrate 140 to provide component surface connectivity to the vacuum port. In addition, breather cloth helps absorb excess adhesive that can seep out of the part during the process.

Next, in step 1430, a vacuum is drawn in the vacuum bag 1426. In step 1440, the vacuum bag 1426 with the glass substrate and frame is positioned in an autoclave 1442 that generates heat to cure the adhesive that adheres the glass substrate to the frame. In one specific embodiment, the vacuum bag 1426 is placed in an autoclave at 66 ° C./90 psi for a duration of 1 hour to cure the adhesive. In step 1460, after the display module is attached in step 1450, the assembled display assembly 1470 including the glass substrate (for example, cover glass), the display frame, and the display module is attached together with all the parts. It is completed in and is ready for installation in the vehicle interior.

With reference to FIG. 13, a process 1500 for forming a curved display according to another embodiment is illustrated. Process 1500 is substantially identical to process 1400, except as described herein. Instead of attaching the display module to the frame after bending and after attaching the glass substrate to the frame, process 1500 first attaches the display module to the frame in step 1510. In some such embodiments, the display module is bonded to the frame with an adhesive that cures during the same curing step as the step of bonding the glass substrate to the frame. In such an embodiment, the display module is bent against the frame while applying an air pressure difference that bends the glass substrate against the frame.

With reference to FIGS. 14 and 15, a display assembly 1470 according to an exemplary embodiment is illustrated. In the illustrated embodiment, the display assembly includes a frame 158 that supports both the display module 150 and the cover glass sheet, the glass substrate 140. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, both the display module 150 and the glass substrate 140 are coupled to the frame 158, and the display module 150 is positioned so that the user can see the display module 150 through the glass substrate 140. In various embodiments, the frame 158 is: a plastic such as polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), PC / ABS mixture; metals (Al alloys, Mg alloys, Fe alloys, etc.); It can be formed from a variety of materials including, but not limited to, glass-filled resins; fiber reinforced plastics; and fiber reinforced composite materials. The curved shape of the frame 158 can be formed by using various methods such as casting, machining, punching, injection molding, extrusion molding, pultrusion molding, and resin transfer molding.

In another example, a reinforced epoxy adhesive (supplied by 3M under the trade name 3M Scotch Weld Epixy DP460 Off-White) is applied on the main surface of a glass substrate or on a curved frame using an applicator gun and mixing nozzle. did. The adhesive was spread evenly using a roller or brush. The glass substrate and frame were laminated or assembled so that an adhesive layer was present between the glass substrate and the frame. High temperature resistant tape was then applied to temporarily maintain the alignment of the laminate. The laminate was then placed in a vacuum bag. In this particular example, a release cloth (optional) is placed over the laminate to prevent it from sticking to the vacuum bag, and then a breather cloth is placed over it to place the surface of the part against the vacuum port. To provide connectivity, the laminate, stripping cloth, and breather cloth assembly were finally placed in a vacuum bag. The vacuum bag was then sealed to withstand 760 mmHg. The vacuum bag was then evacuated by drawing a vacuum, during which the glass substrate was bent to match the curved shape of the support surface of the frame. A vacuum bag with a curved glass substrate and a support frame was placed in an autoclave at 66 ° C./90 psi for a duration of 1 hour to cure the adhesive. The glass substrate is adhered to the curved frame support surface by a cured adhesive. The autoclave was then cooled to a temperature below 45 ° C. and then the pressure was released. The curved glass substrate / frame laminate was removed from the vacuum bag. The obtained curved glass substrate maintained the curved shape of the frame, and there was no delamination visible to the naked eye. By assembling the display module to this laminate, a curved display assembly can be provided.

It should be understood that adhesives can be applied and cold-formed laminates can be assembled at room temperature or at elevated temperatures, or using UV, depending on the curing schedule of the particular adhesive. In some embodiments, pressure may be applied with heat. In some examples, only heat may be applied to the laminate. In one or more embodiments, the temperature of the laminate exceeds room temperature (ie 23 ° C.) to 300 ° C., from about 25 ° C. to about 300 ° C., from about 50 ° C. to about 300 ° C., from about 75 ° C. to about 300 ° C. , About 100 ° C to about 300 ° C, about 110 ° C to about 300 ° C, about 115 ° C to about 300 ° C, about 120 ° C to about 300 ° C, about 150 ° C to about 300 ° C, about 175 ° C to about 300 ° C, about 200 ° C to about 300 ° C, about 25 ° C to about 250 ° C, about 25 ° C to about 200 ° C, about 25 ° C to about 150 ° C, about 25 ° C to about 125 ° C, about 25 ° C to about 115 ° C, about 25 ° C Heat may be applied to ~ about 110 ° C. or about 25 ° C. to about 100 ° C. The laminate is up to the above temperature for about 2 seconds to about 24 hours, 10 seconds to about 24 hours, about 30 seconds to about 24 hours, about 1 minute to about 24 hours, about 10 minutes to about 24 hours, about 15 minutes. ~ About 24 hours, about 20 minutes ~ about 24 hours, about 30 minutes ~ about 24 hours, about 1 hour ~ about 24 hours, about 1.5 hours ~ about 24 hours, about 2 hours ~ about 24 hours, about 3 hours ~ About 24 hours, about 2 seconds ~ about 4.5 hours, about 2 seconds ~ about 4 hours, about 2 seconds ~ about 3 hours, about 2 seconds ~ about 2 hours, about 2 seconds ~ about 1.5 hours, about 2 seconds to about 1 hour, about 2 seconds to about 45 minutes, about 2 seconds to about 30 minutes, about 2 seconds to about 15 minutes, about 2 seconds to about 10 minutes, about 10 minutes to about 45 minutes, or about 15 It may be heated for a duration of minutes to about 45 minutes.

In various embodiments, the systems and methods described herein allow the glass substrate to be formed to match the various curved shapes that the frame 158 can have. As shown in FIG. 14, the frame 158 has a support surface 155 having a curved shape, and the glass substrate 140 is formed so as to match this curved shape. In the specific embodiments shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the support surface 155 includes a convex section 161 and a concave section 163, and the glass substrate 140 is molded to match the curved shape of the sections 161 and 163.

As is generally understood, when the glass substrate is bent to match the curved shape of the frame support surface 155, both the opposing first and second main surfaces of the glass substrate 140 form a curved shape. To do. Referring to FIG. 15, the first main surface 1471 of the glass substrate 140 is a surface in contact with the frame support surface 155 and takes a complementary shape facing the shape of the support surface 155 during bending, while The outer second main surface 1472 of the glass substrate 140 has a curved shape that roughly matches the curved support surface 155. Thus, in this configuration, the second main surface 1472 has a convex section at the position of the convex section 161 of the frame support surface 155 and a concave section at the position of the concave section 163 of the support surface 155. On the contrary, the first main surface 1471 has a concave section at the position of the convex section 161 of the frame support surface 155 and a convex section at the position of the concave section 163 of the support surface 155.

In a specific embodiment, the convex section 161 has a radius of curvature of 250 mm and the concave section 163 has a radius of curvature of 60 mm. In some embodiments, a non-curved central section is located between these two curved sections. Further, in some embodiments, the glass substrate 14 is a chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass with a thickness of 0.4 mm.

Although FIGS. 14 and 15 provide certain embodiments of glass substrates formed with two or more curved sections, in various embodiments, the processes and systems described herein are used. , It should be appreciated that a variety of curved substrates can be formed with more or fewer curved sections as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15. Further, although the exemplary embodiments described herein are primarily described with respect to bending the display cover glass, the glass substrate 140 is any non-display curved glass, such as a cover glass for vehicle equipment panels. It should be understood that it can also be formed for applications.

With reference to FIGS. 16A-16I, another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a kit and a method for assembling such a kit to form a curved display. 16A-16I show a concave curvature, along with the cold-formed glass 2010 placed between the viewer and the display. In one or more embodiments, the curvature may be convex, or may have a combination of convex and concave portions having the same radius or different radii from each other. With reference to FIGS. 16A-16C, the kit 2000 according to one or more embodiments comprises a cold-formed glass substrate 2010 (described herein according to one or more embodiments) and a frame 2020. Including. In one or more embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate is: a first main surface 2012; a second main surface 2014 opposite the first main surface; a first main surface and a second main surface. Secondary surface 2016; the thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface; the thickness of one of the first main surface and the second main surface. Width defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the width; and the second of one of the first and second main surfaces, perpendicular to both the thickness and the width. Includes a length, defined as a dimension of, where the second main surface 2014 comprises a first radius of curvature. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 16A to 16F, the second main surface forms a concave surface that exhibits a compressive stress higher than the compressive stress exhibited by this surface before cold formation. In some embodiments, the second main surface exhibits greater compressive stress than the first main surface. The frame 2020 has a curved surface 2022 coupled to a second main surface of the cold-formed glass substrate. In one or more embodiments, the curved surface 2022 may have a radius of curvature substantially similar to the first radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the curved surface 2022 may have a radius of curvature similar to the first radius of curvature. The thickness of the cold-formed glass substrate is about 1.5 mm or less. In one or more embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate has a width of about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the cold-formed glass substrate has a length of about 5 cm to about 250 cm. In one or more embodiments, the first radius of curvature is 500 nm or more.

In one or more embodiments, the kit comprises a display module. As shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 16B and 16C, the display module includes a display including a second glass substrate 2030 and an optional backlight unit (BLU) 2040. In some embodiments, the display module includes only a display (without BLU2040) as shown in FIG. 16E. In such an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16F, the BLU may be separately provided and attached to the display. In one or more embodiments, the display may be a liquid crystal display or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. In one or more embodiments, the kit positions the touch panel in place of the display module or in addition to the display module (in this case the touch panel is located between the cold-formed glass substrate and the display module). ) May be included. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 16B and 16C, the display or touch panel comprises a curved second glass substrate 2030. In such an embodiment, the second glass substrate comprises a curved display surface or a curved touch panel surface having a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. In some embodiments as shown in FIGS. 16C, 16E, 16F, 16H, and 16I, the kit includes an adhesive layer 2050 for attaching the second glass substrate 2030 to a cold-formed glass substrate or frame. The adhesive layer may be placed on the surface of the cold-formed glass substrate that will be attached to the second glass substrate. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 16A-16I, the adhesive layer is placed on the first main surface. In one or more embodiments, the adhesive layer may be placed on a second glass substrate or on both a cold-formed glass substrate and a second glass substrate. The adhesive 2050 may be an optically transparent adhesive, such as the optically transparent adhesive described herein. In one or more embodiments, after laminating the cold-formed substrate 2010 and the curved second glass substrate 2030, such a laminate is attached to any of the adhesive layers disposed therein. It is thought that a relatively low stress is applied. In one or more embodiments, the second radius of curvature may be within 5%, 4%, 3%, or 2% of the first radius of curvature. In some embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate (and the corresponding frame) and the second glass substrate are substantially aligned, whereby less than 2% of the width of the cold-formed glass after lamination. , Less than 2% of the length, or less than 2% of both the width and length, is out of alignment with the curved second glass substrate (ie, the non-aligned portion is exposed). In one or more embodiments, less than 5% of the surface area of the first main surface 2012 is out of alignment with the second glass substrate, i.e. exposed, after lamination. In some embodiments, increasing the thickness of the adhesive may enhance the alignment between the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate.

As shown in FIGS. 16C, 16E, 16F, 16H, or 16I, the kit may include a second glass substrate attached to the first main surface 2012. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate is attached to a frame 2020 (not shown). As shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 16D and 16G, the second glass substrate 2030 is substantially flat and can be cold-formed to a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. As shown in FIGS. 16D to 16F, the second glass substrate may be cold-formed to the second radius of curvature and attached to the cold-formed glass substrate or optionally a frame (not shown). In such an embodiment, the second glass substrate 2030 or the cold-formed glass substrate 2010 may include an adhesive layer for appropriately attaching the second glass substrate to the cold-formed glass substrate or the frame. In one or more specific embodiments, the first main surface 2012 comprises an adhesive placed on it. In such embodiments, the adhesive is a composite material, i.e., on a surface that is in contact with or adjacent to the first main surface, with respect to the opposite surface that is in contact with or will be in contact with the second glass substrate. It may be an optically transparent adhesive that exhibits different Young's modulus values. The second glass substrate can apply a relatively low stress to the adhesive layer, and thus the bending force required to cold-form the second glass substrate against the cold-formed glass substrate is relatively small. It is thought that it can be done. In some such embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate are substantially aligned, whereby less than 2% of the width and length of the cold-formed glass after lamination. Less than 2%, or less than 2% of both width and length, is out of alignment with the second glass substrate (ie, the non-aligned portion is exposed). In one or more embodiments, less than 5% of the surface area of the first main surface 2012 is out of alignment with the second glass substrate, i.e. exposed, after lamination.

As shown in FIGS. 16B-16C and 16F, the BLU may be curved. In some embodiments, the BLU is within 10% of the first radius of curvature, within 10% of the second radius of curvature, or within 10% of the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature. It exhibits a radius of curvature of 3.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 16H-16I, the display comprises a second glass substrate, which is substantially flat and mounted on the first main surface. In such an embodiment, the second glass substrate or cold-formed glass substrate is adhered to attach the second glass substrate to the cold-formed glass substrate (ie, directly on the first main surface or part of the frame). It comprises layer 2050. In such an embodiment, the adhesive attaches the cold-formed glass substrate to a flat second glass substrate. As shown, in one or more embodiments, the adhesive layer has a first surface that is substantially flat and a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature, opposite sides. With a second surface of. In such an embodiment, the adhesive may be a liquid optical transparent adhesive. In some embodiments, the first radius of curvature is from about 500 nm to about 1000 nm.

In one or more embodiments, in the kits shown in FIGS. 16A-16I, there may be voids between the second glass substrate and the cold-formed glass substrate (ie, the first main surface). In one or more embodiments, the adhesive layer may be present only on a portion of the cold-formed glass substrate and / or a second glass substrate, thereby forming a portion of the cold-formed glass substrate and a second. No attachment occurs between the glass substrate and the glass substrate (because there is no adhesive to form the attachment).

17A-17I show various embodiments of the kit 3000 including the frame 3020, which is removable, i.e., temporarily attached to the cold-formed glass substrate 3010. 17A-17I show a convex curvature, along with the cold-formed glass 3010 placed between the viewer and the display. In one or more embodiments, the curvature may be concave or may have a combination of convex and concave portions having the same radius or different radii from each other. In one or more embodiments, the kit comprises a cold-formed glass substrate 3010, which cold-formed glass substrate is: a first main surface 3012; a first main surface having a first radius of curvature. Second main surface 3014 on the opposite side; secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface; thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface Width defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness of one of the first and second main surfaces; of the first and second main surfaces One, defined as a second dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and the width, the second main surface having a first radius of curvature; A removable frame 3020 that is detachably coupled to the second main surface is provided. In one or more embodiments, the frame has a curved surface that is coupled to a second main surface. The curved surface of the frame may have the same radius of curvature as the first radius of curvature. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 17A-17I, the second main surface forms a concave surface that exhibits a higher compressive stress than the compressive stress exhibited by this surface prior to cold formation. In some embodiments, the second main surface exhibits greater compressive stress than the first main surface.

The thickness of the cold-formed glass substrate is about 1.5 mm or less. In one or more embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate has a width of about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the cold-formed glass substrate has a length of about 5 cm to about 250 cm. In one or more embodiments, the first radius of curvature is 500 nm or more.

In one or more embodiments shown in FIGS. 17A-17I, the kit comprises a display module. As shown in FIGS. 17B and 17C, the display module includes a display including a second glass substrate 3030 and an optional backlight unit (BLU) 3040. In some embodiments, the display module includes only a display (without BLU3040) as shown in FIG. 17E. In such an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17F, the curved shape of the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate can be formed into a removable frame by separately providing and attaching a BLU or another mechanism or structure. Can be maintained even after removing. In one or more embodiments, the display may be a liquid crystal display or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. In one or more embodiments, the kit positions the touch panel in place of the display module or in addition to the display module (in this case the touch panel is located between the cold-formed glass substrate and the display module). ) May be included. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 17B and 17C, the display or touch panel comprises a curved second glass substrate 3030. In such an embodiment, the second glass substrate comprises a curved display surface or a curved touch panel surface having a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate may be curved and is rigid enough to maintain the cold formed shape of the cold formed glass substrate after the removable frame is removed. It may have a structure. In some embodiments as shown in FIGS. 17C, 17E, 17F, 17H, and 17I, the kit attaches a second glass substrate to a cold-formed glass substrate (specifically, a first main surface 3012). It is provided with an adhesive layer 3050 for attachment. The adhesive layer may be provided on the cold-formed glass (ie, the first main surface), on the second glass substrate, or on both the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate. The adhesive 3050 may be an optically transparent adhesive, such as the optically transparent adhesive described herein. In one or more embodiments shown in FIGS. 17B and 17C, after laminating the curved cold-formed substrate 3010 and the curved second glass substrate 3030, such a laminate was placed therein. It is considered that a relatively low stress is applied to any of the adhesive layers. In one or more embodiments, after laminating the cold-formed substrate 3010 and the curved second glass substrate 3030, the second radius of curvature is within 5% or less than 4% of the first radius of curvature. It may be within 3% or within 2%. In some embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate are substantially aligned, whereby less than 2% of the width and 2% of the length of the cold-formed glass after lamination. Less than, or less than 2% of both width and length, will be out of alignment with the second glass substrate (ie, the non-aligned portion will be exposed). In one or more embodiments, less than 5% of the surface area of the first main surface 2012 is out of alignment with the second glass substrate, i.e. exposed, after lamination. In some embodiments, increasing the thickness of the adhesive may enhance the alignment between the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate.

As shown in FIGS. 17C, 17E, 17F, 17H, or 17I, the kit may include a second glass substrate that is attached to the first main surface 3012. As shown in FIGS. 17D and 17G, the second glass substrate 3030 may be substantially flat and can be cold formed to a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. As shown in FIGS. 17D to 17F, the second glass substrate may be cold-formed to the second radius of curvature, or may be attached to the cold-formed glass substrate (ie, the first main surface 3012). In such an embodiment, the second glass substrate 3030 or the cold-formed glass substrate 3010 may include an adhesive layer for appropriately attaching the second glass substrate to the cold-formed glass substrate. In one or more specific embodiments, the adhesive layer may be placed on the first main surface. In such embodiments, the adhesive is a composite material, i.e., on a surface that is in contact with or adjacent to the first main surface, with respect to the opposite surface that is in contact with or will be in contact with the second glass substrate. It may be an optically transparent adhesive that exhibits different Young's modulus values. The second glass substrate can apply a relatively low stress to the adhesive layer, and therefore the bending force required to cold-form the second glass substrate against the cold-formed glass substrate is relatively small. It is considered to be. In some such embodiments, the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate are substantially aligned, whereby less than 2% of the width and length of the cold-formed glass after lamination. Less than 2%, or less than 2% of both width and length, is out of alignment with the second glass substrate (ie, the non-aligned portion is exposed). In one or more embodiments, less than 5% of the surface area of the first main surface 3012 is out of alignment with the second glass substrate, i.e. exposed, after lamination.

As shown in FIGS. 17B to 17C and 17F, the curved BLU3040 may be attached to the second glass substrate 3030. In some embodiments, the BLU3040 is within 10% of the first radius of curvature, within 10% of the second radius of curvature, or within 10% of the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature. It exhibits a radius of curvature of 3. In such an embodiment, the BLU3040 provides a structure for maintaining the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate even after the removable frame is removed, as shown in FIGS. 17C and 17F. If a touch panel is included, the corresponding structure is attached to the second substrate on the opposite side of the surface attached to or will be attached to the cold formed glass substrate.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 17H-17I, the display comprises a second glass substrate 3030, which is substantially flat and mounted on the first main surface. In such an embodiment, the frame 3020 maintains the curved shape of the cold-formed glass substrate, and the second glass substrate 3030 or the cold-formed glass substrate 3010 uses the second glass substrate as the first. An adhesive layer 3050 to be attached to the main surface is provided. In such an embodiment, the adhesive attaches the cold-formed glass substrate to a flat second glass substrate. As shown, in one or more embodiments, the adhesive layer has a first surface that is substantially flat and a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature, opposite sides. With a second surface of. In such an embodiment, the adhesive may be a liquid optical transparent adhesive. In some embodiments, the first radius of curvature is from about 500 nm to about 1000 nm. In such an embodiment, the adhesive layer is a structural adhesive that provides a structure for maintaining the curved shape of the cold-formed glass substrate even after the frame is removed, as shown in FIG. 17I.

In one or more embodiments, there may be voids between the second glass substrate and the cold-formed glass substrate (ie, the first main surface). In such an embodiment, the adhesive layer may be present only on a portion of the cold-formed glass substrate and / or a second glass substrate, thereby forming a portion of the cold-formed glass substrate and a second. No attachment occurs between the glass substrate (because there is no adhesive to form the attachment).

18A-18B show a kit containing a flexible glass substrate 4010, which flexible glass substrate 4010 is as shown in FIG. 18A: first main surface; first surface opposite the first main surface. 2 main surfaces; secondary surfaces connecting the first main surface and the second main surface; thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface; first main surface Width defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness of one of the surface and the second main surface; one of the first and second main surfaces, said It comprises a curved display module 4020 or a curved touch panel having a length; as well as a first radius of curvature, defined as a second dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and the width. 18A-18B show a convex curvature, along with a flexible glass substrate 4010 disposed between the viewer and the display. In one or more embodiments, the curvature may be concave or may have a combination of convex and concave portions having the same radius or different radii from each other.

The thickness of the flexible glass substrate 4010 is about 1.5 mm or less. In one or more embodiments, the width of the flexible glass substrate is from about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the length of the flexible glass substrate is from about 5 cm to about 250 cm. In one or more embodiments, the first radius of curvature is 500 nm or more.

As shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, the display module includes a display including a second glass substrate 4030 and another structure for maintaining the curved shape of the backlight unit (BLU) 4040 or the curved display module 4020. Including. In some embodiments, the display module includes only a display (without BLU4040) as shown in FIGS. 16E and 18F. In such an embodiment, a BLU or other structure may be separately provided and attached to the display, as shown in FIG. 18G. In one or more embodiments, the display may be a liquid crystal display or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 18B, the display comprises a second glass substrate 4030 that is curved to exhibit a first radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the kit places the curved touch panel in place of the curved display module or in addition to the curved display module (in this case the touch panel is placed between the cold formed glass substrate and the curved display module). Includes). In such an embodiment, the curved touch panel comprises a curved second glass substrate, which optionally maintains its curved shape (even after attachment to the flexible glass substrate as shown in FIG. 18B). Can provide structural rigidity for. In some embodiments, the kit includes an adhesive layer 4050 for attaching the second glass substrate 4030 to the flexible glass substrate 4010 (ie, the first main surface 4012). The adhesive layer may be provided on the flexible glass (ie, the first main surface), on the second glass substrate, or on both the flexible glass substrate and the second glass substrate. The adhesive 4050 may be an optically transparent adhesive, such as the optically transparent adhesive described herein. In one or more embodiments, after the flexible glass substrate is cold formed and laminated on a curved display module or touch panel, the second main surface 4014 is within 10% or 5% of the first radius of curvature. It exhibits a second radius of curvature within, within 4%, within 3%, or within 2%. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 18B, the second main surface forms a concave surface that exhibits a compressive stress greater than that of the surface before cold formation. In some embodiments, the second main surface exhibits greater compressive stress than the first main surface.

In some embodiments, the resulting cold-formed glass substrate (and corresponding frame) and the second glass substrate are substantially aligned so that after lamination, the width of the cold-formed glass is Less than 2%, less than 2% of length, or less than 2% of both width and length will be out of alignment with the second glass substrate (ie, the unaligned portion will be exposed). In one or more embodiments, less than 5% of the surface area of the first main surface 4012 is out of alignment with the second glass substrate, i.e. exposed, after lamination. In some embodiments, increasing the thickness of the adhesive may enhance the alignment between the cold-formed glass substrate and the second glass substrate.

In one or more embodiments, the flexible glass substrate 4010 is cold-formed, laminated onto a curved second glass substrate 4030, and then stressed on any of the adhesive layers disposed therein. It is believed that this can be minimized by minimizing the thickness of the flexible glass substrate (eg, to the extent described herein). In one or more embodiments, the kit comprises a bezel formed on the flexible glass substrate to reduce stress on the flexible glass substrate during cold formation.

As shown in FIG. 18B, the second glass substrate is attached to the first main surface 4012. As shown in FIG. 18A, the flexible glass substrate 4010 is substantially flat and can be cold formed to a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. As shown in FIGS. 18A-18B, the BLU is curved to form the cold-formed shape of the second glass substrate and the flexible glass substrate (even after cold-forming the second glass substrate). Provide a structure for maintenance. In some embodiments, the BLU is within 10% of the first radius of curvature, within 10% of the second radius of curvature, or within 10% of the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature. It exhibits a radius of curvature of 3. In some embodiments, the second glass substrate is curved and can maintain the curved shape of the cold formed glass substrate with BLU or other structure.

In one or more embodiments, there may be voids between the second glass substrate and the cold-formed glass substrate (ie, the first main surface). In such an embodiment, the adhesive layer may be present only on a portion of the cold-formed glass substrate and / or a second glass substrate, thereby forming a portion of the cold-formed glass substrate and a second. No attachment occurs between the glass substrate (because there is no adhesive to form the attachment).

19A-19E show embodiments of the method of forming a curved display. Although FIGS. 19A to 19E show a convex curve, the curve may be concave, or may have a combination of convex and concave portions having the same radius or different radii from each other. In one or more embodiments, Method 5000 includes the step of cold forming the laminate 5001 to a first radius of curvature measured on the first surface 5005 of the laminate. The laminate may be a display laminate, a touch panel laminate, or a laminate including a touch panel and a display. In one or more embodiments, the display may be a liquid crystal display or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. The laminate is shown in FIG. 19A and has a first main surface 5012 forming a first surface of the display laminate and a second main surface 5014 opposite the first main surface. The display and / or touch panel module comprises one glass substrate 5010 and includes a second glass substrate 5030 disposed on the second main surface 5014. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 19A, the laminate is placed on the frame 5020 to maintain the cold formed shape of the laminate before and during cold formation. In one or more embodiments, the method provides a display and / or touch panel module with a second main component such that the second glass substrate has a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. Includes steps to stack on the surface. In one or more embodiments, the first radius of curvature is from about 60 mm to about 1500 mm. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 19A-19E, after cold formation, the second main surface forms a concave surface that exhibits a compressive stress higher than the compressive stress exhibited by this surface before cold formation. In some embodiments, the second main surface exhibits greater compressive stress than the first main surface. In one or more embodiments, the method comprises the step of cold forming the laminate by applying a vacuum to the first surface so as to generate a first radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the step of applying the vacuum comprises placing the laminate on a vacuum jig before applying the vacuum to the first surface. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 19A, the method comprises applying the adhesive layer 5050 between the second glass substrate and the first glass substrate before the step of cold forming the laminate. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer is placed on top of a second glass substrate or a portion of the first glass substrate.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 19A, the display module may include a cold formable backlight unit 5040 located on the opposite side of the first glass substrate of the second glass substrate. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 19C-19E, the module may include only a display or touch panel (without BLU5040). In such an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19E, the curved shape of the display laminate may be maintained by separately providing a BLU or other mechanism or structure and attaching it to the display or touch panel. In some embodiments, even if the frame 5020 is removed, if the BLU, second glass substrate, or other component provides sufficient structure to maintain the curved shape of the cold-formed glass substrate. Good. In some embodiments, the frame and BLU work together to maintain a cold-formed shape. Thus, in one or more embodiments, the step of cold forming and / or laminating the display laminate comprises attaching the BLU to the second glass substrate on the opposite side of the first glass substrate. Optionally, it is curved to exhibit a second radius of curvature.

In one or more embodiments, the method comprises attaching the frame to a first glass substrate to maintain a first radius of curvature, as well as cold forming and laminating the display laminates at the same time.

In one or more embodiments, the first glass substrate is reinforced. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate is not reinforced. In one or more embodiments, the second glass substrate has a thickness that exceeds the thickness of the glass substrate. In one or more embodiments, the method comprises placing a curved display within the vehicle interior system.

20A-22B relate to embodiments that address effective stresses that may be found in the structural adhesives used in one or more of the embodiments described herein. Structural adhesives are sufficient to hold cold-bent glass in its shape, but due to the elastic properties and relatively high modulus of the glass substrate, which attempts to return the glass substrate to a flat 2D shape. Stress is generated in the agent. In these situations, one or more maximum stress regions will be created in the adhesive layer. Although not intended to be bound by theory, it is believed that some regions of the curved portion of the glass substrate may be more likely to maintain a 2D shape than other regions. These regions, which tend to return to the 2D shape, result in relatively high stress in the adhesive layer. This tendency can be conceptualized as the restoring force present in the elastically deformed or cold-formed glass substrate. “Restoring force” refers to a force that tends to return a cold-formed or cold-bent glass substrate to its pre-bent state.

Areas of relatively high stress in the adhesive are potential failure points during product life, especially when used in automotive environments where long product life and relatively harsh environmental conditions are often required. Become. For example, if a crack begins in a high stress region, the crack may propagate to a larger region or the entire region of the product. This applies to high modulus adhesive materials that tend to exhibit brittleness. Therefore, for such applications, an adhesive having a high safety margin between the adhesive stress in the component and the strength of the adhesive is preferable. This reduces the choice of adhesive materials for cold bending applications. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the peak stress in the adhesive layer.

In general, embodiments of FIGS. 20B, 21B, and 22B are such adhesives in such a manner that they can provide a cold-formed curved glass surface with improved performance, adhesion, and shape retention. Shows the use of one or more parts, design elements, and / or methods to deal with effective stress in. Moreover, according to these embodiments, the above advantages can be achieved at low cost.

As shown in FIG. 20A, the glass substrate 6010 is cold formed with respect to a base 6020 having a curved surface having a first radius of curvature 6030. The first radius of curvature 6030 can be, for example, about 500 mm or more. In some cases, the first radius of curvature 6030 can be from about 60 mm to about 1500 mm. The cold formation of the glass substrate 6010 may generate an effective stress 6040 in the adhesive used between the glass substrate 6010 and the base 6020. As shown in FIG. 20A, where 6050 shows zero effective stress, the magnitude of effective stress 6040 can vary over the length of the curved surface of the glass substrate 6010. Therefore, the effective stress 6040 has high stress regions 6060, 6062. In this case, the high stress regions 6060, 6062 include the maximum effective stress value in the adhesive.

In order to reduce the high stress regions 6060 and 6062 in FIG. 20A, stress reducing parts are used. FIG. 20B shows an embodiment of a stress-reducing component in the form of a mechanical restraint 6072 located near the region where the effective stress is highest. In the example shown in FIG. 20A, the high stress regions 6060 and 6062 are at the edges of the glass substrate 6010. Therefore, in FIG. 20B, the mechanical restraints 6070, 6072 are arranged at the edge of the glass substrate 6010. Mechanical restraints 6070, 6072 can be placed around approximately the entire edge of the glass substrate 6010 or only at selected positions determined to be most appropriate for reducing effective stress in the adhesive. Mechanical restraints 6070, 6072 can be bezels, clamps, clips, or springs configured to reinforce or hold the cold-bent shape of the glass substrate 6010. In some embodiments, mechanical restraint is provided as long as the mechanical restraint is configured to have sufficient mechanical properties to at least partially react to any restoring force exerted by the glass substrate 6010. Instruments 6070, 6072 can be made from plastic, metal, or other known material suitable for engaging the glass substrate 6010. Examples of stress-reducing components are not limited to these examples, and one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize suitable alternatives that can be configured to reduce or reduce the high stress areas 6060, 6062. As shown in FIG. 20B, the mechanical restraint instruments 6070, 6072 provide another effective stress profile 6080 in the adhesive without the peak of maximum stress shown in FIG. 20A.

As shown in FIGS. 21A and 21B, according to one or more embodiments, design modifications of parts with curved cold-formed glass can be used to reduce high effective stress levels in the adhesive. FIG. 21A shows a cold-formed glass substrate 6010 that has not been modified in design and corresponds substantially to FIG. 20A. For the sake of brevity, the parts of FIG. 21A described above with reference to FIG. 20A are not repeated here. As shown in FIG. 21B, the design modification involves forming the base 6020 to have a second radius of curvature 6032, where the second radius of curvature 6032 is greater than the first radius of curvature 6030. The position of the region of the base having the second radius of curvature 6032 corresponds to the region of the glass substrate 6010 where the adhesive comprises the high stress regions 6060, 6062 shown in FIG. 21A. In some embodiments, the second radius of curvature is about 500 mm or more; or about 1000 mm or more; or substantially flat. As shown in FIG. 21B, the region having the second radius of curvature 6032 can include two or more regions of the base 6020, or a plurality of spaced regions. In the example of FIG. 21B, these separated regions correspond to the edges of the glass substrate 6010. However, embodiments are not limited to these particular locations.

22A and 22B show a further approach to reduce the high effective stress in the adhesive. In this approach, a region 7040 of the glass substrate 7010 that can correspond to a region where the effective stress in the adhesive is potentially high is hot-formed. Hot formation can be selectively performed on the region 7040, and the remaining or another portion of the glass substrate can be cold formed on the surface 7020. In some embodiments, the glass substrate 7010 can be selectively hot formed, followed by chemical strengthening, and finally cold formed on the surface 7020. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 22A and 22B, the selectively hot formed region 7040 is a region having a local radius of curvature smaller than the overall radius of curvature 7030 of the surface 7020, where the glass substrate 7010 is the surface. It is cold formed on a portion of the 7020 that has an overall radius of curvature of 7030. In some embodiments, the local radius of curvature is about 100 mm or less and the overall radius of curvature is about 500 mm or more. Embodiments include a method of forming a glass substrate, or a component having a glass substrate, and a glass substrate and / or a component having a glass substrate.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 20B, 21B, and 22B are individually for a given curved vehicle interior to provide enhanced reliability and adhesion of cold bent glass using structural adhesives. Or in one or more combinations.

Example 1
Example 1 included a curved display formed from a 0.55 mm thick glass substrate that was chemically strengthened and exhibited a first radius of curvature of about 1000 mm. The glass substrate was provided as a flat one, and one main surface (second main surface) was placed on a vacuum chuck having a radius of curvature of 1000 mm. A vacuum was applied to the main surface of the glass substrate to temporarily cold-form the glass substrate so as to exhibit a first radius of curvature of about 1000 mm, which matches the radius of curvature of the vacuum chuck. If the vacuum is removed, the glass substrate will return to a flat state and no further cold formation will occur. While the glass substrate was placed on the vacuum chuck for temporary cold formation, a 250 μm thick layer of adhesive supplied by 3M corporation under the trade name 8215 was applied to the first glass substrate. Applies to the main surface (ie, the exposed surface that is not in contact with the vacuum chuck). By applying a normal force to the rollers, the adhesive was laminated on the first main surface of the cold-formed glass substrate. The adhesive layer contained a carrier film, and the carrier film was removed after the adhesive layer was laminated on the cold-formed glass substrate.

A second glass substrate (which is an LCD glass substrate) was placed on the adhesive layer. The second glass substrate was cold formed and laminated on the adhesive layer by applying a normal force using a roller. During the lamination of the second glass substrate, the glass substrate remained temporarily cold-formed using vacuum. After laminating the second glass substrate, the backlight unit and the frame were applied to the second glass substrate. In Example 1, a double-sided tape was attached between the frame and the glass substrate. This double-sided tape was a double-sided acrylic foam tape supplied by 3M Corporation under the trade name VHB ™ tape. The frame was an L-shaped bezel. By assembling the frame and the backlight unit, the formation of the curved display is completed. The vacuum was then removed from the glass substrate and the curved display was removed. The cold-formed glass substrate was permanently cold-formed and had a first radius of curvature. The display module (and especially the second glass substrate) exhibited a second radius of curvature that was close to or coincided with the first radius of curvature.

Aspect (1) of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system, wherein the vehicle interior system is: a base having a curved surface; a cold-formed glass substrate arranged on the curved surface, wherein the glass substrate is the first. A main surface of 1, a second main surface facing the curved surface on the opposite side of the first main surface, and a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface. With respect to the thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, and the thickness of one of the first main surface and the second main surface. A second dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and the width of one of the first and second main surfaces, defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the width. A glass substrate having a length defined as a dimension; an adhesive placed between the curved surface and the glass substrate; and the amount of adhesive stress in at least one or more regions of the adhesive. A first radius of curvature that includes at least one stress-reducing component that is coupled to the glass substrate at the reduced position, has a thickness of 1.5 mm or less, and a second main surface of 500 mm or more. To be equipped with.

Aspect (2) of the present disclosure further comprises a display module attached to the first main surface and having a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. Regarding the vehicle interior system described in.

Aspect (3) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (1) or (2), wherein the width is about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the length is about 5 cm to about 250 cm.

Aspect (4) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (1) to (3), wherein the cold-formed glass substrate is reinforced.

Aspect (5) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (2) to (4), wherein the adhesive is arranged between the glass substrate and the display module.

Aspect (6) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (1) to (5), wherein the adhesive is optically transparent.

In aspect (7) of the present disclosure, the glass substrate has an outer circumference adjacent to the sub-plane, and the adhesive is arranged between the outer circumference of the second main surface and the display module. The vehicle interior system according to aspect (1) or aspect (2).

In the aspect (8) of the present disclosure, the display module includes a second glass substrate and a backlight unit, and the second glass substrate is adjacent to the first main surface, and the backlight unit and the backlight unit are described. 10. The aspect (1) to (7), wherein the backlight unit is arranged between the first main surface and is optionally curved so as to exhibit the second radius of curvature. Regarding vehicle interior system.

Aspect (9) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to Aspect (8), wherein the second glass substrate includes a cold-formed second glass substrate.

Aspect (10) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (8) or (9), wherein the display module further comprises a frame that at least partially surrounds the backlight unit.

Aspect (11) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system of aspect (10), wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the second glass substrate.

Aspect (12) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (10) or aspect (11), wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the sub-surface of the glass substrate.

Aspect (13) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to Aspect (10) or Aspect (11), wherein the sub-surface of the glass substrate is not surrounded by the frame.

Aspect (14) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to Aspect (10), wherein the frame has an L-shape.

Aspect (15) of the present disclosure is described in any one of aspects (1) to (14), wherein one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface comprises surface treatment. Regarding vehicle interior system.

Aspect (16) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system of aspect (15), wherein the surface treatment covers at least a portion of the first main surface and the second main surface.

Aspect (17) of the present disclosure is aspect (15) or aspect (16), wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of a cleanable surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design. ) Regarding the vehicle interior system.

Aspect (18) of the present disclosure is the vehicle interior according to aspect (17), wherein the surface treatment comprises at least two of a cleanable surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design. Regarding the system.

Aspect (19) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (18), wherein the first main surface comprises the antiglare surface and the second main surface comprises the antireflection surface.

Aspect (20) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (18), wherein the first main surface comprises the antireflection surface and the second main surface comprises the antiglare surface.

Aspect (21) of the present disclosure is an embodiment in which the first main surface comprises one or both of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface, and the second main surface comprises a design with the pigment. (18) The present invention relates to the vehicle interior system.

Aspect (22) of the present disclosure is the vehicle interior system according to aspect (18), wherein the pigment design is arranged in at least a part of the outer periphery, and the internal portion substantially does not include the pigment design. Regarding.

Aspect (23) of the present disclosure is the aspect (17) in which the pigment design comprises any one of a wood grain design, a hairline-finished metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, and a logo. The vehicle interior system according to any one of (22).

A vehicle interior according to any one of aspects (17) to (23), wherein aspect (24) of the present disclosure includes an etched surface of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface comprises a multilayer coating. Regarding the system.

Aspect (25) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (1) to (24), further comprising a touch function.

In aspects (26) of the present disclosure, aspects (1) to (26), wherein the base comprises any one of a central console, dashboard, armrests, pillars, backrest, floorboards, headrests, door panels, and steering wheel. 25) The vehicle interior system according to any one of.

Aspect (27) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (1) to (26), wherein the vehicle is any one of an automobile, a ship, and an aircraft.

Aspect (28) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (1) to (27), wherein the at least one stress reducing component comprises a mechanical restraint.

Aspect (29) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system of aspect (28), wherein the mechanical restraint device comprises at least one of a bezel, a clamp, and a spring.

Aspect (30) of the present disclosure is described in aspect (28), wherein the mechanical restraint device is configured to exert a force on the glass substrate in order to maintain the cold-formed shape of the glass substrate. Regarding the vehicle interior system.

Aspect (31) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to Aspect (30), wherein the force is in a direction facing the restoring force of the cold-formed glass substrate.

Aspect (32) of the present disclosure is the vehicle according to any one of aspects (1) to (31), wherein the position of the at least one stress reducing component includes the edge of the first main surface. Regarding the interior system.

Aspect (33) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (1) to (32), wherein the one or more regions of the adhesive include a region of maximum adhesive stress.

Aspect (34) of the present disclosure is the vehicle according to any one of aspects (1) to (32), wherein the one or more regions of the adhesive include a region having a local maximum adhesive stress. Regarding the interior system.

Aspect (35) of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system, wherein the vehicle interior system is: a base having a curved surface; a cold-formed glass substrate arranged on the curved surface, wherein the glass substrate is the first. A main surface of 1, a second main surface facing the curved surface on the opposite side of the first main surface, and a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface. With respect to the thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, and the thickness of one of the first main surface and the second main surface. A second dimension that is perpendicular to both the thickness and width of the width and one of the first and second main surfaces, as defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the width. A glass substrate having a length defined as a dimension; and an adhesive disposed between the curved surface and the glass substrate, the thickness being 1.5 mm or less and the second main. The surface has a first radius of curvature of 500 mm or more, and the second main surface has a second radius of curvature larger than the first radius of curvature.

Aspect (36) of the present disclosure further comprises a display module attached to the first main surface and having a third radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. Regarding the vehicle interior system described in.

Aspect (37) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (35) or aspect (36), wherein the width is about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the length is about 5 cm to about 250 cm.

Aspect (38) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (35) to (37), wherein the cold-formed glass substrate is reinforced.

Aspect (39) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (36) to (38), wherein the adhesive is disposed between the glass substrate and the display module.

Aspect (40) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (35) to (39), wherein the adhesive is optically transparent.

In the aspect (41) of the present disclosure, the glass substrate has an outer circumference adjacent to the sub-plane, and the adhesive is arranged between the outer circumference of the second main surface and the display module. The vehicle interior system according to aspect (35) or aspect (36).

In the aspect (42) of the present disclosure, the display module includes a second glass substrate and a backlight unit, and the second glass substrate is adjacent to the first main surface of the backlight unit and the backlight unit. The aspect (35) to (41), wherein the backlight unit is arranged between the first main surface and is optionally curved so as to exhibit the second radius of curvature. Regarding vehicle interior system.

Aspect (43) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (42), wherein the second glass substrate includes a cold-formed second glass substrate.

Aspect (44) of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system according to aspect (42) or aspect (43), wherein the display module further comprises a frame that at least partially surrounds the backlight unit.

Aspect (45) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system of aspect (44), wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the second glass substrate.

Aspect (46) of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system according to aspect (44) or aspect (45), wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the sub-surface of the glass substrate.

Aspect (47) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to Aspect (44) or Aspect (45), wherein the sub-surface of the glass substrate is not surrounded by the frame.

Aspect (48) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (44), wherein the frame has an L-shape.

Aspect (49) of the present disclosure is described in any one of aspects (35) to (48), wherein one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface comprises surface treatment. Regarding vehicle interior system.

Aspect (50) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system of aspect (49), wherein the surface treatment covers at least a portion of the first main surface and the second main surface.

Aspect (51) of the present disclosure is Aspect (49) or Aspect (50), wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of a cleanable surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design. ) Regarding the vehicle interior system.

Aspect (52) of the present disclosure is the vehicle interior according to aspect (51), wherein the surface treatment comprises at least two of a cleanable surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design. Regarding the system.

Aspect (53) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (52), wherein the first main surface comprises the antiglare surface and the second main surface comprises the antireflection surface.

Aspect (54) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (52), wherein the first main surface comprises the antireflection surface and the second main surface comprises the antiglare surface.

Aspect (55) of the present disclosure is an embodiment in which the first main surface comprises one or both of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface, and the second main surface comprises a design with the pigment. (52) The vehicle interior system.

Aspect (56) of the present disclosure is the vehicle interior system according to aspect (52), wherein the pigment design is arranged in at least a part of the outer periphery, and the internal portion substantially does not include the pigment design. Regarding.

Aspect (57) of the present disclosure is the aspect (51), wherein the pigment design comprises any one of a wood grain design, a hairline-finished metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, and a logo. The vehicle interior system according to any one of (56).

A vehicle interior according to any one of aspects (51) to (57), wherein aspect (58) of the present disclosure includes an etched surface of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface comprises a multilayer coating. Regarding the system.

Aspect (59) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (35) to (58), further comprising a touch function.

Aspects (60) of the present disclosure include aspects (35) to (60), wherein the base comprises any one of a central console, dashboard, armrests, pillars, backrest, floorboards, headrests, door panels, and steering wheel. 59) The vehicle interior system according to any one of.

Aspect (61) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (35) to (60), wherein the vehicle is any one of an automobile, a ship, and an aircraft.

In aspect (62) of the present disclosure, the second radius of curvature is arranged in the region of the second main surface facing the region of the first main surface where the adhesive has an increased adhesive stress. The vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (35) to (61).

Aspect (63) of the present disclosure is described in aspect (62), wherein the increased adhesive stress exceeds the average adhesive stress of the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface of the cold-formed glass substrate. Regarding the vehicle interior system.

Aspect (64) of the present disclosure is the vehicle interior system according to aspect (62), wherein the increased adhesive stress is located in the region of the maximum adhesive stress in the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface. Regarding.

Aspect (65) of the present disclosure is the vehicle according to aspect (62), wherein the increased adhesive stress is located in the region of the local maximum adhesive stress in the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface. Regarding the interior system.

Aspect (66) of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system, wherein the vehicle interior system is: a base having a curved surface; a glass substrate arranged on the curved surface, wherein the glass substrate is a first main surface. And the second main surface facing the curved surface on the opposite side of the first main surface, the sub surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, and the first The thickness defined as the distance between the main surface and the second main surface, and one of the first main surface and the second main surface, which is perpendicular to the thickness. Defined as a dimension of 1 and a second dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and width of one of the first and second main surfaces. A glass substrate having a length; and an adhesive arranged between the curved surface and the glass substrate, the thickness of which is 1.5 mm or less, and the second main surface of which is 500 mm. A second region having a cold-formed curvature of field including the first radius of curvature and a second main surface having a hot-formed curvature of field including a second radius of curvature. It has an area.

Aspect (67) of the present disclosure further comprises a display module attached to the first main surface and having a third radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. Regarding the vehicle interior system described in.

Aspect (68) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (66) or aspect (67), wherein the width is about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the length is about 5 cm to about 250 cm.

Aspect (69) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (66) to (68), wherein the cold-formed glass substrate is reinforced.

Aspect (70) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (67) to (69), wherein the adhesive is disposed between the glass substrate and the display module.

Aspect (71) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (66) to (70), wherein the adhesive is optically transparent.

In aspect (72) of the present disclosure, the glass substrate comprises an outer circumference adjacent to the secondary surface, and the adhesive is disposed between the outer circumference of the second main surface and the display module. The vehicle interior system according to aspect (66) or aspect (67).

In the aspect (73) of the present disclosure, the display module includes a second glass substrate and a backlight unit, and the second glass substrate is adjacent to the first main surface of the backlight unit and the backlight unit. The aspect (66) to (72), wherein the backlight unit is arranged between the first main surface and is optionally curved so as to exhibit the second radius of curvature. Regarding vehicle interior system.

Aspect (74) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (73), wherein the second glass substrate includes a cold-formed second glass substrate.

Aspect (75) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system of aspect (73) or aspect (74), wherein the display module further comprises a frame that at least partially surrounds the backlight unit.

Aspect (76) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system of aspect (75), wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the second glass substrate.

Aspect (77) of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle interior system according to aspect (75) or aspect (76), wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the sub-surface of the glass substrate.

Aspect (78) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to Aspect (75) or Aspect (76), wherein the sub-surface of the glass substrate is not surrounded by the frame.

Aspect (79) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (75), wherein the frame has an L-shape.

Aspect (80) of the present disclosure is described in any one of aspects (66) to (79), wherein one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface comprises surface treatment. Regarding vehicle interior system.

Aspect (81) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system of aspect (80), wherein the surface treatment covers at least a portion of the first main surface and the second main surface.

Aspect (82) of the present disclosure is Aspect (80) or Aspect (81), wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of a cleanable surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design. ) Regarding the vehicle interior system.

Aspect (83) of the present disclosure is the vehicle interior according to aspect (82), wherein the surface treatment comprises at least two of a cleanable surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design. Regarding the system.

Aspect (84) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (83), wherein the first main surface comprises the antiglare surface and the second main surface comprises the antireflection surface.

Aspect (85) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (83), wherein the first main surface comprises the antireflection surface and the second main surface comprises the antiglare surface.

Aspect (86) of the present disclosure is an embodiment in which the first main surface comprises one or both of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface, and the second main surface comprises a design with the pigment. (83) The present invention relates to the vehicle interior system.

Aspect (87) of the present disclosure is the vehicle interior system according to aspect (83), wherein the pigment design is arranged in at least a part of the outer periphery, and the internal portion substantially does not include the pigment design. Regarding.

Aspect (88) of the present disclosure comprises an aspect (82) in which the pigment design comprises any one of a wood grain design, a hairline-finished metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, and a logo. The vehicle interior system according to any one of (87).

A vehicle interior according to any one of aspects (82) to (88), wherein aspect (89) of the present disclosure includes an etched surface of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface comprises a multilayer coating. Regarding the system.

Aspect (90) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (66) to (89), further comprising a touch function.

Aspects (91) of the present disclosure include aspects (66) to (66), wherein the base comprises any one of a central console, dashboard, armrests, pillars, backrest, floorboards, headrests, door panels, and steering wheel. 90) The vehicle interior system according to any one of.

Aspect (92) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (66) to (91), wherein the vehicle is any one of an automobile, a ship, and an aircraft.

Aspect (93) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (66) to (92), wherein the second radius of curvature is smaller than the first radius of curvature.

Aspect (94) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to any one of aspects (66) to (93), wherein the second radius of curvature is less than 500 mm.

Aspect (95) of the present disclosure relates to the vehicle interior system according to aspect (94), wherein the second radius of curvature is about 100 mm or less.

Aspect (96) of the present disclosure relates to a method of forming a curved vehicle interior component, wherein the method is: a glass substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface. The step of hot-forming a region of 1 into a first radius of curvature measured on the second main surface; and a second region of the glass substrate measured on the second main surface. A step of cold forming to a radius of curvature of 2, wherein the second region is different from the first region.

Aspect (97) of the present disclosure further comprises the step of forming a curved display by stacking the display module on the first main surface while maintaining the second radius of curvature in the glass substrate. The method according to aspect (96), wherein the display module has a third radius of curvature that is within 10% of the second radius of curvature.

Aspect (98) of the present disclosure includes a step of cold-forming the glass substrate, the step of applying a vacuum to the second main surface to generate the second radius of curvature (96). Regarding the method described in.

Aspect (99) of the present disclosure includes a step (97) in which the step of applying the vacuum includes a step of arranging the glass substrate on a vacuum jig before applying the vacuum to the second main surface. ).

In aspect (100) of the present disclosure, an adhesive is placed between the first main surface and the display module before the step of laminating the display module on the first main surface. The method according to any one of aspects (96) to (98), further comprising stacking on a first main surface so that it is arranged.

Aspects (101) of the present disclosure include the step of laminating the display module: laminating a second glass substrate on the glass substrate; and attaching the backlight unit to the second glass substrate. The method according to any one of aspects (96) to (100), wherein the backlight unit is optionally curved to exhibit the third radius of curvature.

Aspect (102) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to aspect (101), wherein the step of laminating the second glass substrate includes a step of cold-forming the second glass substrate.

Aspect (103) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to aspect (101) or aspect (102), further comprising the step of attaching the frame provided with the backlight unit to the second glass substrate.

Aspect (104) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (101) to (103), wherein the adhesive is arranged between the second glass substrate and the glass substrate.

Aspect (105) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (97) to (104), further comprising the step of removing the vacuum from the second main surface.

Aspect (106) of the present disclosure relates to the method of aspect (105), wherein the step of removing the vacuum from the second main surface comprises removing the curved display from the vacuum jig.

Aspect (107) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (95) to (106), wherein the thickness of the glass substrate is about 1.5 mm or less.

Aspect (108) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (95) to (107), wherein the glass substrate is reinforced.

Aspect (109) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (101) to (108), wherein the second glass substrate is not reinforced.

Aspect (110) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (101) to (109), wherein the second glass substrate has a thickness larger than the thickness of the glass substrate.

Aspect (111) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (96) to (110), wherein the second radius of curvature is about 60 mm to about 1500 mm.

Aspect (112) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (99) to (111), wherein the thickness of the adhesive is about 1 mm or less.

Aspect (113) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (96) to (112), further comprising the step of arranging the curved display in the vehicle interior system.

Aspect (114) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (96) to (113), wherein the first radius of curvature is less than the second radius of curvature.

Aspect (115) of the present disclosure relates to the method according to any one of aspects (96) to (114), wherein the first radius of curvature is about 100 mm or less.

In the aspect (116) of the present disclosure, the step of hot-forming the first region is performed before the step of cold-forming the second region of aspects (96) to (115). The method described in any one of them.

Aspect (117) of the present disclosure further comprises a step of treating at least one of the first main surface and the second main surface by surface treatment after the step of hot forming. 96) The method according to any one of (116).

Aspect (118) of the present disclosure relates to the method of aspect (117), wherein the surface treatment covers at least a portion of the first main surface and the second main surface.

Aspects (119) of the present disclosure are aspects (117) or (118), wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of a cleanable surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design. ) Regarding the vehicle method described.

Aspect (120) of the present disclosure is one of aspects (96) to (119), wherein the maximum temperature of the glass substrate is lower than the glass transition temperature of the glass substrate during the cold forming step. The method described.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in terms of terms.

Embodiment 1
It is a vehicle interior system
The above vehicle interior system is:
Base with curved surface;
A cold-formed glass substrate arranged on the curved surface, wherein the glass substrate is a second main surface opposite the first main surface and facing the curved surface on the opposite side of the first main surface. The thickness defined as the distance between the main surface, the secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, and the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, The width and the width of one of the first main surface and the second main surface, which is defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness, and the first main surface and the second main surface. A glass substrate having a length defined as a second dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and the width of one of the main surfaces;
An adhesive disposed between the curved surface and the glass substrate; and at least bonded to the glass substrate at positions within at least one or more regions of the adhesive that reduce the amount of adhesive stress. Equipped with one stress reduction component,
A vehicle interior system having a first radius of curvature of 1.5 mm or less and a second main surface of 500 mm or more.

Embodiment 2
The vehicle interior system according to the first embodiment, further comprising a display module, which is mounted on the first main surface and has a second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature.

Embodiment 3
The vehicle interior system according to the first or second embodiment, wherein the width is about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the length is about 5 cm to about 250 cm.

Embodiment 4
The vehicle interior system according to any one of the first to third embodiments, wherein the cold-formed glass substrate is reinforced.

Embodiment 5
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 2 to 4, wherein the adhesive is arranged between the glass substrate and the display module.

Embodiment 6
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the adhesive is optically transparent.

Embodiment 7
The first or second embodiment, wherein the glass substrate has an outer circumference adjacent to the secondary surface, and the adhesive is arranged between the outer circumference of the second main surface and the display module. Vehicle interior system.

8th Embodiment
The display module includes a second glass substrate and a backlight unit, and the second glass substrate is adjacent to the first main surface and between the backlight unit and the first main surface. The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the backlight unit is arranged and optionally curved so as to exhibit the second radius of curvature.

Embodiment 9
The vehicle interior system according to the eighth embodiment, wherein the second glass substrate includes a cold-formed second glass substrate.

Embodiment 10
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 8 or 9, further comprising a frame that at least partially surrounds the backlight unit.

Embodiment 11
The vehicle interior system according to the tenth embodiment, wherein the frame surrounds the second glass substrate at least partially.

Embodiment 12
The vehicle interior system according to the tenth or eleventh embodiment, wherein the frame surrounds the sub-surface of the glass substrate at least partially.

Embodiment 13
The vehicle interior system according to the tenth or eleventh embodiment, wherein the sub-surface of the glass substrate is not surrounded by the frame.

Embodiment 14
The vehicle interior system according to the tenth embodiment, wherein the frame has an L-shape.

Embodiment 15
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 14, wherein one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface is provided with a surface treatment.

Embodiment 16
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 15, wherein the surface treatment covers at least a part of the first main surface and the second main surface.

Embodiment 17
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 15 or 16, wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of an easy-to-clean surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigment design.

Embodiment 18
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 17, wherein the surface treatment comprises at least two of an easy-to-clean surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design.

Embodiment 19
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 18, wherein the first main surface comprises the antiglare surface and the second main surface comprises the antireflection surface.

20th embodiment
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 18, wherein the first main surface comprises the antireflection surface and the second main surface comprises the antiglare surface.

21st embodiment
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 18, wherein the first main surface comprises one or both of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface, and the second main surface comprises a design with the pigment.

Embodiment 22
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 18, wherein the pigment design is arranged on at least a part of the outer periphery, and the internal portion does not substantially include the pigment design.

23rd Embodiment
The pigmented design according to any one of embodiments 17-22, comprising any one of a wood grain design, a hairline-finished metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, and a logo. Vehicle interior system.

Embodiment 24
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 17 to 23, wherein the antiglare surface comprises an etched surface and the antireflection surface comprises a multilayer coating.

25.
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 24, further comprising a touch function.

Embodiment 26
The vehicle interior according to any one of embodiments 1-25, wherein the base comprises any one of a central console, dashboard, armrests, pillars, backrest, floorboards, headrests, door panels, and steering wheel. system.

Embodiment 27
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 26, wherein the vehicle is any one of an automobile, a ship, and an aircraft.

28.
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 27, wherein the at least one stress reducing component comprises a mechanical restraint device.

Embodiment 29
28. The vehicle interior system of embodiment 28, wherein the mechanical restraint device comprises at least one of a bezel, a clamp, and a spring.

30th embodiment
28. The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 28, wherein the mechanical restraint device is configured to apply a force to the glass substrate in order to maintain the cold-formed shape of the glass substrate.

Embodiment 31
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 30, wherein the force is in a direction facing the restoring force of the cold-formed glass substrate.

Embodiment 32
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 31, wherein the position of the at least one stress reducing component includes the edge of the first main surface.

Embodiment 33
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 32, wherein the one or more regions of the adhesive include a region of maximum adhesive stress.

Embodiment 34
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 32, wherein the one or more regions of the adhesive include a region having a local maximum adhesive stress.

Embodiment 35
It is a vehicle interior system
The above vehicle interior system is:
Base with curved surface;
A cold-formed glass substrate arranged on the curved surface, wherein the glass substrate is a second main surface opposite to the first main surface and facing the curved surface. The thickness defined as the distance between the main surface, the secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, and the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, The width of one of the first main surface and the second main surface, defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness, and the first main surface and the second main surface. A glass substrate having a length defined as a second dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and the width of one of the main surfaces; and between the curved surface and the glass substrate. Equipped with placed adhesive,
The above thickness is 1.5 mm or less,
The second main surface has a first radius of curvature of 500 mm or more.
The second main surface is a vehicle interior system having a second radius of curvature larger than the first radius of curvature.

Embodiment 36
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 35, further comprising a display module, which is mounted on the first main surface and has a third radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature.

Embodiment 37
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 35 or 36, wherein the width is about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the length is about 5 cm to about 250 cm.

38.
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 35 to 37, wherein the cold-formed glass substrate is reinforced.

Embodiment 39
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 36 to 38, wherein the adhesive is disposed between the glass substrate and the display module.

Embodiment 40
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 35-39, wherein the adhesive is optically transparent.

Embodiment 41
35. The embodiment 35 or 36, wherein the glass substrate has an outer circumference adjacent to the secondary surface, and the adhesive is arranged between the outer circumference of the second main surface and the display module. Vehicle interior system.

42.
The display module includes a second glass substrate and a backlight unit, and the second glass substrate is adjacent to the first main surface and between the backlight unit and the first main surface. The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 35 to 41, wherein the backlight unit is arranged and optionally curved so as to exhibit the second radius of curvature.

Embodiment 43
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 42, wherein the second glass substrate includes a cold-formed second glass substrate.

Embodiment 44
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 42 or 43, wherein the display module further includes a frame that at least partially surrounds the backlight unit.

Embodiment 45
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 44, wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the second glass substrate.

Embodiment 46
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 44 or 45, wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the secondary surface of the glass substrate.

Embodiment 47
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 44 or 45, wherein the secondary surface of the glass substrate is not surrounded by the frame.

Embodiment 48
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 44, wherein the frame has an L-shape.

Embodiment 49
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 35 to 48, wherein one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface comprises a surface treatment.

Embodiment 50
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 49, wherein the surface treatment covers at least a part of the first main surface and the second main surface.

Embodiment 51
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 49 or 50, wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of an easy-to-clean surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design.

52.
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 51, wherein the surface treatment comprises at least two of an easy-to-clean surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design.

Embodiment 53
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 52, wherein the first main surface comprises the antiglare surface and the second main surface comprises the antireflection surface.

Embodiment 54
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 52, wherein the first main surface comprises the antireflection surface and the second main surface comprises the antiglare surface.

Embodiment 55
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 52, wherein the first main surface comprises one or both of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface, and the second main surface comprises a design with the pigment.

Embodiment 56
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 52, wherein the pigment design is arranged on at least a part of the outer circumference, and the internal portion does not substantially include the pigment design.

Embodiment 57
The pigmented design according to any one of embodiments 51-56, comprising any one of a wood grain design, a hairline-finished metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, and a logo. Vehicle interior system.

Embodiment 58
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 51 to 57, wherein the antiglare surface comprises an etched surface and the antireflection surface comprises a multilayer coating.

Embodiment 59
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 35 to 58, further comprising a touch function.

Embodiment 60
The vehicle interior according to any one of embodiments 35-59, wherein the base comprises any one of a central console, dashboard, armrests, pillars, backrest, floorboards, headrests, door panels, and steering wheel. system.

Embodiment 61
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 35 to 60, wherein the vehicle is any one of an automobile, a ship, and an aircraft.

Embodiment 62
The second radius of curvature is arranged in the region of the second main surface, which faces the region of the first main surface where the adhesive has an increased adhesive stress, according to embodiments 35-61. The vehicle interior system described in any one.

Embodiment 63
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 62, wherein the increased adhesive stress exceeds the average adhesive stress of the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface of the cold-formed glass substrate.

Embodiment 64
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 62, wherein the increased adhesive stress is located in the region of the maximum adhesive stress in the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface.

Embodiment 65
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 62, wherein the increased adhesive stress is located in the region of the local maximum adhesive stress in the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface.

Embodiment 66
It is a vehicle interior system
The above vehicle interior system is:
Base with curved surface;
A glass substrate arranged on the curved surface, wherein the glass substrate has a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface and facing the curved surface. The thickness defined as the distance between the first main surface and the secondary surface connecting the second main surface, the first main surface and the second main surface, and the first surface. Of the width and the first and second main surfaces defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness of the main surface and one of the second main surfaces. A glass substrate having a length, defined as a second dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and the width of one; and the adhesions placed between the curved surface and the glass substrate. Equipped with agent,
The above thickness is 1.5 mm or less,
The second main surface comprises a first region having a cold-formed curved surface that includes a first radius of curvature of 500 mm or more.
The second main surface is a vehicle interior system comprising a second region having a hot formed curved surface including a second radius of curvature.

Embodiment 67
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 66, further comprising a display module, which is mounted on the first main surface and has a third radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature.

Embodiment 68
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 66 or 67, wherein the width is from about 5 cm to about 250 cm and the length is from about 5 cm to about 250 cm.

Embodiment 69
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 66 to 68, wherein the cold-formed glass substrate is reinforced.

Embodiment 70
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 67 to 69, wherein the adhesive is disposed between the glass substrate and the display module.

Embodiment 71
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 66 to 70, wherein the adhesive is optically transparent.

Embodiment 72
16. The embodiment 66 or 67, wherein the glass substrate comprises an outer circumference adjacent to the secondary surface, and the adhesive is disposed between the outer circumference of the second main surface and the display module. Vehicle interior system.

Embodiment 73
The display module includes a second glass substrate and a backlight unit, and the second glass substrate is adjacent to the first main surface and between the backlight unit and the first main surface. The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 66-72, wherein the backlight unit is arranged and optionally curved to exhibit the second radius of curvature.

Embodiment 74
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 73, wherein the second glass substrate includes a cold-formed second glass substrate.

Embodiment 75
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 73 or 74, wherein the display module further comprises a frame that at least partially surrounds the backlight unit.

Embodiment 76
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 75, wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the second glass substrate.

Embodiment 77
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 75 or 76, wherein the frame at least partially surrounds the secondary surface of the glass substrate.

Embodiment 78
The vehicle interior system according to the 75th or 76th embodiment, wherein the secondary surface of the glass substrate is not surrounded by the frame.

Embodiment 79
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 75, wherein the frame has an L-shape.

80.
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 66 to 79, wherein one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface comprises a surface treatment.

Embodiment 81
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 80, wherein the surface treatment covers at least a part of the first main surface and the second main surface.

Embodiment 82
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 80 or 81, wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of an easy-to-clean surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigment design.

Embodiment 83
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 82, wherein the surface treatment comprises at least two of an easy-to-clean surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigmented design.

Embodiment 84
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 83, wherein the first main surface comprises the antiglare surface and the second main surface comprises the antireflection surface.

Embodiment 85
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 83, wherein the first main surface comprises the antireflection surface and the second main surface comprises the antiglare surface.

Embodiment 86
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 83, wherein the first main surface comprises one or both of the antiglare surface and the antireflection surface, and the second main surface comprises a design with the pigment.

Embodiment 87
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 83, wherein the pigment design is arranged on at least a part of the outer circumference, and the internal portion does not substantially include the pigment design.

Embodiment 88
The pigmented design according to any one of embodiments 82-87, comprising any one of a wood grain design, a hairline-finished metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, and a logo. Vehicle interior system.

Embodiment 89
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 82 to 88, wherein the antiglare surface comprises an etched surface and the antireflection surface comprises a multilayer coating.

Embodiment 90
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 66 to 89, further comprising a touch function.

Embodiment 91
The vehicle interior according to any one of embodiments 66-90, wherein the base comprises any one of a central console, dashboard, armrests, pillars, backrest, floorboards, headrests, door panels, and steering wheel. system.

Embodiment 92
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 66 to 91, wherein the vehicle is any one of an automobile, a ship, and an aircraft.

Embodiment 93
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 66 to 92, wherein the second radius of curvature is smaller than the first radius of curvature.

Embodiment 94
The vehicle interior system according to any one of embodiments 66 to 93, wherein the second radius of curvature is less than 500 mm.

Embodiment 95
The vehicle interior system according to embodiment 94, wherein the second radius of curvature is about 100 mm or less.

Embodiment 96
A method of forming curved vehicle interior parts
The above method is:
A first region of a glass substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite the first main surface is heated to a first radius of curvature measured on the second main surface. The step of cold-forming; and the step of cold-forming the second region of the glass substrate to the second radius of curvature measured on the second main surface, the second region being the second. A method that includes steps, which is different from the area of 1.

Embodiment 97
Further including the step of forming a curved display by laminating the display module on the first main surface while maintaining the second radius of curvature in the glass substrate, the display module includes the second The method according to embodiment 96, which has a third radius of curvature that is within 10% of the radius of curvature.

Embodiment 98
The method according to embodiment 96, wherein the step of cold forming the glass substrate includes a step of applying a vacuum to the second main surface to generate the second radius of curvature.

Embodiment 99
The method according to embodiment 97, wherein the step of applying the vacuum includes a step of arranging the glass substrate on a vacuum jig before applying the vacuum to the second main surface.

Embodiment 100
Prior to the step of laminating the display module on the first main surface, a first adhesive is placed so that the adhesive is placed between the first main surface and the display module. The method according to any one of embodiments 96-98, further comprising a step of laminating on the main surface.

Embodiment 101
The steps of laminating the display module include: laminating a second glass substrate on the glass substrate; and attaching the backlight unit to the second glass substrate, the backlight unit optionally The method according to any one of embodiments 96-100, which is curved to exhibit a third radius of curvature.

Embodiment 102
The method according to embodiment 101, wherein the step of laminating the second glass substrate includes a step of cold-forming the second glass substrate.

Embodiment 103
10. The method of embodiment 101 or 102, further comprising attaching the frame with the backlight unit to the second glass substrate.

Embodiment 104
The method according to any one of embodiments 101 to 103, wherein the adhesive is arranged between the second glass substrate and the glass substrate.

Embodiment 105
The method according to any one of embodiments 97-104, further comprising the step of removing the vacuum from the second main surface.

Embodiment 106
The method of embodiment 105, wherein the step of removing the vacuum from the second main surface comprises removing the curved display from the vacuum jig.

Embodiment 107
The method according to any one of embodiments 95 to 106, wherein the thickness of the glass substrate is about 1.5 mm or less.

Embodiment 108
The method according to any one of embodiments 95 to 107, wherein the glass substrate is reinforced.

Embodiment 109
The method according to any one of embodiments 101-108, wherein the second glass substrate is not reinforced.

Embodiment 110
The method according to any one of embodiments 101 to 109, wherein the second glass substrate has a thickness larger than the thickness of the glass substrate.

Embodiment 111
The method according to any one of embodiments 96 to 110, wherein the second radius of curvature is about 60 mm to about 1500 mm.

Embodiment 112
The method according to any one of embodiments 99 to 111, wherein the thickness of the adhesive is about 1 mm or less.

Embodiment 113
The method according to any one of embodiments 96-112, further comprising the step of arranging the curved display in the vehicle interior system.

Embodiment 114
The method according to any one of embodiments 96 to 113, wherein the first radius of curvature is less than the second radius of curvature.

Embodiment 115
The method according to any one of embodiments 96 to 114, wherein the first radius of curvature is about 100 mm or less.

Embodiment 116
The method according to any one of embodiments 96 to 115, wherein the step of hot-forming the first region is performed before the step of cold-forming the second region.

Embodiment 117
In any one of embodiments 96 to 116, further comprising the step of treating at least one of the first main surface and the second main surface by surface treatment after the step of hot forming. The method described.

Embodiment 118
The method according to embodiment 117, wherein the surface treatment covers at least a part of the first main surface and the second main surface.

Embodiment 119
The vehicle method according to embodiment 117 or 118, wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of an easy-to-clean surface, an antiglare surface, an antireflection surface, and a pigment design.

Embodiment 120
The method according to any one of embodiments 96 to 119, wherein the maximum temperature of the glass substrate is lower than the glass transition temperature of the glass substrate during the cold forming step.

10 Vehicle interior 100, 200, 300 Vehicle interior system 110 Central console base 120, 220, 320 Curved surface 130, 230, 330 Curved display 140 Glass substrate 142 First main surface 144 Second main surface 146 Sub surface 147 Outer circumference 148 Internal part 150 Display module 152 Second glass substrate 154 Backlight unit 155 Support surface 157 Secondary flange 158 Frame 159 Flange 160 Adhesive, adhesive layer 161 Convex section 163 Concave section 210 Dashboard base 215 Equipment panel 310 Dashboard steering Wheelbase 1470 Display Assembly 1471 First Main Surface 1472 Second Main Surface 2000, 3000 Kit 2010, 3010 Cold Formed Glass Substrate 2012, 3012, 4012, 5012 First Main Surface 2014, 3014, 4014, 5014 Second main surface 2016 Sub surface 2020, 3020, 5020 Frame 2022 Curved surface 2030, 3030, 4030, 5030 Second glass substrate 2040, 3040, 4040, 5040 Backlight unit, BLU
2050, 3050, 4050, 5050 Adhesive, adhesive layer 4010 Flexible glass substrate 4020 Curved display module 5001 Laminated body 5005 First surface 5010 First glass substrate 6010, 7010 Glass substrate 6020 Base 6030 First radius of curvature 6032 Second radius of curvature 6040 Effective stress 6060, 6062 High stress region 6070, 6072 Mechanical restraint 6080 Effective stress profile 7020 Surface 7030 Radius of curvature 7040 region

Claims (10)

It is a vehicle interior system
The vehicle interior system is:
Base with curved surface;
A cold-formed glass substrate arranged on the curved surface, wherein the glass substrate is a second main surface opposite to the first main surface and facing the curved surface. A thickness defined as a main surface, a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, and a distance between the first main surface and the second main surface. The width and the width of one of the first main surface and the second main surface, which is defined as the first dimension perpendicular to the thickness, and the first main surface and the second main surface. A glass substrate having a length defined as a second dimension perpendicular to both the thickness and the width of one of the main surfaces; and between the curved surface and the glass substrate. Equipped with placed adhesive,
The thickness is 1.5 mm or less, the width is about 5 cm to about 250 cm, and the length is about 5 cm to about 250 cm.
The second main surface has a first radius of curvature of 500 mm or more.
The vehicle interior system comprises, or said, at least one stress-reducing component that is coupled to the glass substrate at a position within at least one or more regions of the adhesive that reduces the amount of adhesive stress. The main surface of the vehicle 2 is a vehicle interior system having one of a second radius of curvature larger than the first radius of curvature and a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature. The vehicle interior system according to claim 1, further comprising a display module mounted on the first main surface. The vehicle interior system according to claim 2, wherein the display module has the second radius of curvature that is within 10% of the first radius of curvature. The vehicle interior system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the adhesive is arranged between the glass substrate and the display module. The glass substrate includes an outer circumference adjacent to the sub-surface, and the adhesive is arranged between the outer circumference of the second main surface and the display module, any one of claims 1 to 4. Vehicle interior system described in section. The at least one stress-reducing component comprises a mechanical restraint device configured to exert a force on the glass substrate in order to maintain the cold-formed shape of the glass substrate, claims 1-5. The vehicle interior system according to any one of the above. The vehicle interior system according to claim 6, wherein the force is in a direction facing the restoring force of the glass substrate having the cold-formed shape. The second radius of curvature is arranged in the region of the second main surface, which faces the region of the first main surface where the adhesive has an increased adhesive stress, according to claims 1-7. The vehicle interior system according to any one item. The increased adhesive stress: exceeds the average adhesive stress of the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface of the cold-formed glass substrate; in the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface. The eighth aspect of the invention, which applies to one of the regions of maximum adhesive stress; and located in the region of local maximum adhesive stress in the adhesive over the entire area of the first main surface. Vehicle interior system. The second radius of curvature is greater than or less than the first radius of curvature, and the second main surface comprises a second region having a hot-formed curved surface that includes the second radius of curvature. The vehicle interior system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the second radius of curvature is less than 500 mm.

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