JP2021193319A - Controller, control method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a controller that stabilizes a flow of steam supplied from a waste incineration facility.SOLUTION: The controller comprises a control unit that calculates a waste feed rate satisfying a required waste feed amount determined to make the flow of steam generated in a waste incineration facility reach a prescribed set value and minimizing the variance of the flow of steam in a specified period of time to control a waste feeder according to the feed rate of waste.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to control devices, control methods and programs for waste incinerators.

A boiler is installed in a garbage incinerator to recover the heat generated during garbage incineration, and the generated steam is used to generate electricity. In garbage power generation, garbage is used as fuel. In order to increase the added value of garbage as fuel, it is effective to stabilize the amount of steam generated by the combustion of garbage so that power can be generated as planned.

See FIG. Generally, a hopper 1 is attached to a garbage incinerator that incinerates urban garbage, industrial waste, and the like, and the garbage is picked up by a crane and put into the hopper 1. The dust in the hopper 1 is sequentially supplied to the incinerator 6 by a dust supply device (pusher 10) arranged below the chute 2 via the chute 2. There are various types of dust supply devices, but the pusher type that pushes the dust toward the dust incinerator by the reciprocating motion illustrated in FIG. 1 is often used. The pusher 10 is located below the hopper 1 and the chute 2, and when the pusher 10 is extended, the dust around the pusher 10 is pushed out to the incinerator 6. The stroke of the pusher 10 is limited, and when it is extended to a certain position, dust cannot be pushed out any more. Therefore, after the pusher 10 is extended, the operation of pulling in the pusher 10 and extending it again is repeated. In this way, the dust injection by the pusher type dust supply device cannot escape from the intermittentness.

Patent Document 1 states that even if the moisture content of the waste supplied to the waste incinerator fluctuates, combustion control can be promptly performed according to the fluctuation, and a stable combustion state can be maintained well. The method of incinerating waste that can be done is disclosed. Specifically, the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator per unit time is adjusted by the number of reciprocating movements of the pusher per unit time. Increase or decrease the number of reciprocating operations to suppress fluctuations in steam flow rate. According to the method of Patent Document 1, the amount of garbage supplied per unit time can be stabilized. Due to the reciprocating operation of the pusher 10, it is not possible to suppress the fluctuation of the dust supply amount caused by the intermittent supply of dust to the incinerator and the fluctuation of the steam flow rate due to the fluctuation.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-178850

In order to stabilize the steam flow rate generated from a garbage incinerator having a pusher type dust supply device, it is necessary to suppress fluctuations in the steam flow rate caused by intermittent supply of garbage to the incinerator.

The present disclosure provides a control device, a control method and a program capable of solving the above problems.

The control device of the present disclosure is defined so that the steam flow rate generated from the garbage incinerator becomes a predetermined set value in the garbage incinerator that supplies the garbage to the incinerator by the reciprocating operation of pushing out and pulling in the dust supply device. The control value of the reciprocating operation of the dust feeding device that satisfies the required supply amount of the dust and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation is calculated, and the dust feeding device is based on the controlled value. It is provided with a control unit for controlling the operation of.

Further, in the control method of the present disclosure, in a garbage incinerator that supplies garbage to an incinerator by a reciprocating operation of pushing out and pulling in a dust supply device, the steam flow rate generated from the garbage incinerator becomes a predetermined set value. The control value of the reciprocating operation of the dust feeding device that satisfies the specified required supply amount of the dust and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation is calculated, and the feeding is based on the controlled value. Control the operation of the dust device.

Further, in the program of the present disclosure, regarding the control of the dust supply device of the garbage incinerator that supplies dust to the incinerator by the reciprocating operation of pushing out and pulling in the dust supply device, the steam flow rate generated from the dust incinerator Calculates the control value of the reciprocating operation of the dust feeding device that satisfies the required supply amount of the dust determined so as to be a predetermined set value and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation. , The process of controlling the operation of the dust feeding device is executed based on the control value.

According to the above-mentioned control device, control method and program, it is possible to suppress the fluctuation of the dust supply amount caused by the reciprocating operation of the pusher type dust supply device and to stabilize the steam flow rate generated from the dust incinerator.

It is a figure which shows an example of the main part of the garbage incinerator which concerns on each embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of the main part of the control apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the pusher speed and the dust supply amount which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of the main part of the control device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of the main part of the control apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of the main part of the control device which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the pusher speed and the garbage supply amount which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of the main part of the control device which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of the main part of the control apparatus which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the hardware composition of the control device which concerns on each embodiment.

Hereinafter, the control device for the garbage incinerator according to each embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

(System configuration)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a main part of a garbage incinerator according to each embodiment.
The dust incineration facility 100 includes a hopper 1 into which dust is thrown, a chute 2 that guides the dust thrown into the hopper 1 to the lower part, a pusher 10 that supplies the dust supplied through the chute 2 into the combustion chamber 6, and a pusher. A stoker 3 that receives the dust supplied by 10 and performs drying and combustion while transferring the dust, a combustion chamber 6 that burns the dust, an ash outlet 7 that discharges ash, and a blower 4 that supplies air. A plurality of air boxes 5A to 5E for guiding the air supplied by the blower 4 to each part of the stoker 3 and a boiler 9 are provided.

The pusher 10 is a dust supply device that supplies dust to the stoker 3 by moving in the direction of the arrow α and pushing out the dust supplied through the chute 2. The pusher 10 pushes out dust in the direction of arrow α, then is pulled in in the opposite direction, and when it is completely pulled in to the origin determined according to the operating state, it moves in the direction of arrow α again and pushes out dust. Performs a reciprocating operation. Hereinafter, the position where the pusher 10 is completely pulled in is referred to as an origin, and the position where the pusher 10 is pushed out to the maximum is referred to as a maximum extrusion position. The pusher 10 receives a control signal from the control device 20 and performs a reciprocating operation.

The stoker 3 is provided at the bottom of the chute 2 and the combustion chamber 6 to convey dust. The stoker 3 is located in the dry area 3A for evaporating and drying the moisture of the dust supplied by the pusher 10 and the wake of the dry area 3A, and is located after the combustion area 3B for burning the dried dust and after the combustion area 3B. It is located in the stream and has a post-combustion region 3C that burns unburned components such as fixed carbon components that have passed through without being burned until they become ash. The operating speed of the stoker 3 is controlled by receiving a control signal from the control device 20.

The blower 4 is provided below the stoker 3 and supplies air to each part of the stoker 3 via the air boxes 5A to 5E. Valves 8A to 8E are provided in the pipelines connecting the blower 4 and the air boxes 5A to 5E, respectively, and the air flow rate supplied to the air boxes 5A to 5E can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the valves 8A to 8E. Can be adjusted. Upon receiving the control signal from the control device 20, the amount of air blown by the blower 4 and the opening degrees of the valves 8A to 8E are controlled.

The combustion chamber 6 is composed of a primary combustion chamber 6A and a secondary combustion chamber 6B above the stoker 3, and the boiler 9 is arranged in the wake of the combustion chamber 6. The boiler 9 generates steam by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas sent from the combustion chamber 6 and the water circulating in the boiler 9. The steam is supplied to the power plant through the pipeline 13. The pipeline 13 is provided with a steam flow rate sensor 11 that detects the flow rate of steam. The steam flow rate sensor 11 is connected to the control device 20, and the measured value measured by the steam flow rate sensor 11 is transmitted to the control device 20. A flue gas 12 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the boiler 9, and the exhaust gas heat recovered by the boiler 9 passes through the flue gas 12, passes through an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown), and is discharged to the outside.

The control device 20 includes a data acquisition unit 21, a steam flow rate control unit 22, a dust supply device control unit 23, and a storage unit 24.
The data acquisition unit 21 acquires various data such as measured values of sensors and user-instructed values. For example, the data acquisition unit 21 acquires the measured value of the steam flow rate measured by the steam flow rate sensor 11.
^{The steam flow rate control unit 22 calculates the amount of dust supply r (m 3} / s) per unit time so that the measured value of the steam flow rate measured by the steam flow rate sensor 11 becomes a predetermined set value. For example, the steam flow rate control unit 22 increases the amount of dust supplied when the steam flow rate measured by the steam flow rate sensor 11 falls below the set value, and increases the amount of dust supplied when the measured value of the steam flow rate exceeds the set value. Reduce.
The dust supply device control unit 23 controls the reciprocating operation of pushing out and pulling in the pusher 10. Due to the reciprocating movement of the pusher 10, dust is intermittently supplied to the combustion chamber 6. The dust supply device control unit 23 calculates the moving speed of the pusher 10 that suppresses the fluctuation of the steam flow rate caused by the intermittent supply of dust, and controls the pusher 10 based on this speed.
The storage unit 24 stores information necessary for controlling the pusher 10, for example, a steam flow rate set value.
In addition to this, the control device 20 has a function of controlling the dust transfer speed by the stoker 3, controlling the air volume sent by the blower 4, controlling the opening degree of the valves 8A to 8E, and the like.

<First Embodiment>
The control of the pusher 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
(composition)
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of a main part of the control device according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 2 shows the steam flow rate control unit 22 and the dust supply device control unit 23 of the control device 20.
The data acquisition unit 21 and the storage unit 24 are the same as those described with reference to FIG.
The steam flow rate control unit 22 acquires a predetermined steam flow rate set value and a steam flow rate measurement value measured by the steam flow rate sensor 11, and based on the difference between the two, the steam flow rate measurement value becomes a steam flow rate set value. Calculate the amount of garbage supplied per hour. The steam flow rate control unit 22 outputs the dust supply instruction value r (m ³ / s) per unit time to the dust supply device control unit 23.
The dust supply device control unit 23 includes a pusher extrusion speed calculation means 230 and a pusher speed indicator unit 231. _{The pusher extrusion speed calculation means 230 acquires the maximum value v B} of the pull-in speed of the pusher 10 and the dust supply instruction value r (m ³ / s) per unit time, and the pusher 10 is calculated by the following equation (1). Extrusion speed v _F is calculated. As described below, extrusion speed v _F is the velocity to minimize variations in waste supply by reciprocation of the pusher 10.

The pusher speed indicator 231 outputs a speed indicator value and a movement amount to the pusher 10. For example, during the extrusion of the pusher 10, the pusher speed instruction unit 231 outputs the amount of movement v pusher extrusion speed calculating means 230 with (stroke L) was calculated _{F (m} / s) as a velocity command value. When the pusher 10 is retracted, the pusher speed indicator 231 _{outputs v B} (m / s) as a speed indicator value. The pusher 10 operates at the speed indicated value instructed by the pusher speed indicating unit 231.

Here, the equation (1) will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pusher speed and the dust supply amount according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3A shows the time change of the position of the pusher 10, and FIG. 3B shows the time change of the dust supply rate. The vertical axis of FIG. 3A indicates the position (m) of the pusher 10, and the horizontal axis indicates time. The vertical axis of FIG. 3B shows the garbage supply amount u (m ³ / s) per unit time, and the horizontal axis shows the time. The same positions on the horizontal axes of FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) indicate the same time. Referring to FIG. 3A, the extrusion time L / v _F (s) when the pusher 10 makes one round trip is longer than the pull-in time L / v _B (s). This relies on that is set to the maximum speed v _B capable of realizing pull rate.

^{The time average value u￣ (m 3} / s) of the garbage supply for one round-trip process is expressed by the equation (2) when the cross-sectional area of the pusher 10 ^{is described as A (m 2).}

Since the dust supply device (pusher 10) is ^{responsible for supplying dust according to the indicated value r (m 3} _{/ s) instructed by the steam flow rate control unit 22, the extrusion speed v F} (m) so that u￣ = r. It is necessary to appropriately determine the values of / s) and the pull-in speed v _{B (m / s).} Further, in order to stabilize the steam flow rate, it is necessary to suppress fluctuations in the amount of waste supply due to intermittent waste supply as much as possible. _{Here, there are innumerable combinations of v F} and v _B values such that u￣ = r, ^{but in the first embodiment, the dispersion of the garbage supply u (m 3} / s) at each time of the round-trip process is distributed. _{The values of v F} (m / s) and v _B (m / s) are set so as to be the minimum. ^{The variance of the garbage supply u (m 3} / s) per unit time for one round trip process is expressed by the following equation (3).

The distributed Var [u] indicates the fluctuation of the dust supply in the process of the reciprocating operation. When the value of the dispersed Var [u] is made small, the fluctuation of the dust supply in the process of the reciprocating operation becomes small, and the fluctuation of the steam flow rate can be suppressed. From the equation (3), it can be seen that in order to reduce the value of the variance Var [u], the value of v _F · v _B ^{-1 should be reduced.} That is, _{by reducing v F} (m / s) and _{increasing v B} (m / s), it is possible to reduce the value of the dispersion of the garbage supply per unit time and suppress the fluctuation of the steam flow rate. .. Accordingly, the retracting speed _v B of the pusher 10 (m / s), and set the maximum Obiki write speed of the pusher 10, the extrusion rate _v F (m / s) of the pusher _10, v in B (m / s) When the maximum value is set, set the speed so that the average value u￣ of the garbage supply amount per unit time becomes the indicated value r. Such rate, the left side of the above equation (2) and r, v obtained by solving for _F, the result of the formula (1) is obtained.

(motion)
First, the steam flow rate control unit 22 acquires the steam flow rate set value and the steam flow rate measurement value, ^{and calculates the indicated value r (m 3} / s) for supplying dust per unit time. For example, the steam flow rate control unit 22 has a function or the like that defines the relationship between the difference between the steam flow rate set value and the steam flow rate measured value and the value of the indicated value r for compensating for the difference for each steam flow rate set value. Therefore, the indicated value r (m ³ / s) is calculated using this function. The steam flow rate control unit 22 outputs the indicated value r to the dust supply device control unit 23.

Next, the dust supply device control unit 23 ^{calculates the speed instruction value based on the instruction value r (m 3} / s) of the dust supply amount per unit time, and outputs the speed instruction value to the pusher 10. Specifically, the dust supply device control unit 23 acquires the dust supply instruction value r, the suction speed instruction value v _B, and the stroke L of the pusher 10 (L is the extension length to the maximum extrusion position). First, the pusher extrusion speed calculating means 230, by Equation (1), calculates the extrusion rate _{v F.} It is assumed that the cross-sectional area A (m ^{2) of the pusher 10 is given.} Pusher extrusion speed calculation means 230 outputs the extrusion speed _{v F} to the pusher velocity instruction unit 231. For example, if the position of the pusher 10 is the origin, the pusher speed instruction unit 231, as a speed command value of the extrusion speed v _F, and outputs it to the pusher 10 with the movement amount instruction value L. This instruction, the pusher 10 is moved up to the pushing position at an extrusion velocity v _F. When the position of the pusher 10 is the maximum extrusion position, the pusher speed indicating unit 231 outputs the pulling speed v _B to the pusher 10 together with the movement amount indicated value −L with the pulling speed v B as the speed indicating value. By this instruction, the pusher 10 retreats to the origin at _{a speed v B.} The pusher speed indicator 231 repeatedly instructs the pusher 10 to be pushed out and pulled in. As a result, the pusher 10 retreats at the maximum speed and repeatedly pushes out the dust at the lowest speed that satisfies the indicated value r.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the movement of the pusher 10 is controlled by maximizing the difference between the extrusion speed and the pull-in speed while satisfying the dust supply instruction value r calculated by the steam flow rate control unit 22. ^{Specifically, (1) the steam flow rate control unit 22 calculates the dust supply instruction value r (m 3} / s) per unit time based on the steam flow rate set value and the steam flow rate measurement value. (2) The dust supply device control unit 23 that controls the reciprocating operation of pushing and pulling of the pusher 10 _{sets the pulling speed indicated value v B} (m / s) of the pusher 10 to a feasible maximum value, and (3) Under that condition, the extrusion speed indicated value v _F (m / s) of the pusher 10 is determined by the equation (1) so as to satisfy the dust supply indicated value r (m ^{3 / s).} By controlling the reciprocating operation of the pusher 10 based on the pull-in speed instruction value v _B and the extrusion speed instruction value v _F , the steam flow rate supplied to the turbine side is secured, and the pusher 10 is intermittently operated by the reciprocating operation. It is possible to suppress fluctuations in the steam flow rate caused by the supply of waste. That is, it is possible to stabilize the combustion state in the garbage incinerator 100 and control the amount of steam supplied to the power plant to a desired value. Further, by setting the steam flow rate set value to near the maximum, continuous operation can be performed in a state close to the upper limit of the equipment capacity of the waste incinerator 100, and the capacity factor of the equipment is improved. In addition, by stabilizing combustion, it is possible to suppress emissions of NOX and CO. In this embodiment, the extrusion speed v _F is a constant value not limited thereto. The speed may be changed during extrusion. By way of example, the extrusion speed v _F, there are restrictions on increase or decrease per hour speed, in a case where it can not be changed stepwise, among its limitations, one described by the formula (3) reciprocally The time history of the extrusion rate may be set so that the dispersion of the waste supply u (m ^{3 / s) per unit time for the process is minimized.} As another example, it is conceivable to during the reciprocating process evaluates Equation (3) again to update the value of the extrusion speed v _F. These are also part of this embodiment.

<Second embodiment>
In the first embodiment, the dispersion of the garbage supply is reduced to suppress the fluctuation of the steam flow rate. In the second embodiment, the steam flow rate is calculated using a numerical model for calculating the steam flow rate, and the extrusion speed and the pull-in speed of the pusher 10 in which the dispersion of the steam flow rate is small are determined. Further, in the first embodiment, the movement width of the pusher 10 is fixed (stroke L), but to optimize extrusion rate v _B, in the second embodiment, further the object of optimizing the movement width L.

(composition)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the main part of the control device according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 4 shows the steam flow rate control unit 22 and the dust supply device control unit 23A of the control device 20A.
The control device 20A includes a data acquisition unit 21, a steam flow rate control unit 22, a dust supply device control unit 23A, and a storage unit 24. The data acquisition unit 21, the steam flow rate control unit 22, and the storage unit 24 are the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
The dust supply device control unit 23A includes an indicated value candidate determining means 232, a time history determining means 233, a steam flow rate response calculating means 234, an indicated value selecting means 235, and a pusher speed indicating unit 231A.

The indicated value candidate determining means 232 includes _{v F} (m / s) candidates satisfying the above equation (1) _{and v B} (m ^{) according to the indicated value r (m 3 / s) of the garbage supply per unit time.} / S) Determine candidates. Further, the indicated value candidate determining means 232 determines a candidate for the stroke L (m), which is the reciprocating movement width of the pusher 10. Candidates for L (m) may be determined independently of the indicated value r (m ^{3 / s) for garbage supply.} Any value equal to or less than the maximum extrusion length corresponding to the maximum extrusion position can be set in L. Assuming that one set of indicated value candidates is {v _F , v _B , L}, the indicated value candidate determining means 232 prepares N sets of indicated value candidates. The indicated value candidates collected from N sets are represented by the following equation (4).

The time history determining means 233 is based on _{the candidates of the extrusion speed v F} (m / s) and the candidates of the pull-in speed v _B (m / s), and as shown in FIG. Determine the time history of the garbage supply u up to (v _F ^-1 + v _B ^{-1) s (time for one round trip).} The time history of the garbage supply u from the time 0s to the time L (v _F ^-1 + v _B ^-1 ) s is expressed by the following equation (5).

For example, if the time history is set every second, it is expressed by the following equation (6).

As shown in the following equation (7), the steam flow rate response calculation means 234 uses, for example, a pulse transfer function model G (z) with a sampling interval of 1 second, and a time history of dust supply (the above equation (6)). ) Is input to calculate the response {y} of the steam flow rate. z is the Laplace operator for the discrete-time system represented by the pulse transfer function.

The steam flow rate response calculation means 234 performs this calculation for each of the N time histories of dust supply (hereinafter referred to as equation (8)), and calculates N time histories of steam flow rate response (hereinafter referred to as equation (9)). do.

The steam flow rate response model used by the steam flow rate response calculation means 234 is not limited to the pulse transfer function G (z). It may be an analysis model based on the physical conservation law, a model derived from actual data such as an estimated value of dust supply amount and a measured value of steam flow rate, such as a neural network, deep learning, and Gaussian process regression.

^{The indicated value selection means 235 selects, for example, the one with the smallest dispersion value i *} from the N time histories of the response of the steam flow rate (the above equation (9)), and the indicated value as the basis thereof. The candidate {v _F , v _B , L} _i ^* is adopted as the indicated value. Variance is an example of an index for assessing variability. The indicated value selection means 235 may select an indicated value from the indicated value candidates based on other indexes such as, for example, the absolute value of the steam flow rate fluctuation, the mode, and the error area.
The pusher speed indicating unit 231A controls the reciprocating operation of the pusher 10 based on _{the optimum indicated value {v F} ^* , v _B ^* , L ^* } selected by the indicated value selecting means 235. Unlike the pusher speed indicator 231 of the first embodiment, the pusher speed indicator 231A reciprocates the pusher 10 ^{from the origin to the position L *.}

(motion)
First, the steam flow rate control unit 22 acquires the steam flow rate set value and the steam flow rate measurement value, ^{and calculates the indicated value r (m 3} / s) for supplying dust per unit time. The steam flow rate control unit 22 outputs the indicated value r to the dust supply device control unit 23A. _{Next, the dust supply device control unit 23A is a candidate for the extrusion speed instruction value v B,} a candidate for the pull-in speed instruction value v _F , and a movement width instruction value L based on the instruction value r of the dust supply amount per unit time. From a plurality of indicated value candidates with the candidates as elements, a combination of indicated value candidates that minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate calculated based on the numerical model is selected, and the pusher 10 reciprocates based on this indicated value. To control. Specifically, first, the indicated value candidate determining means 232 creates a plurality of sets of _{indicated value candidates {v F} , v _{B, L}.} At this time, v _F is calculated by the indicated value r, an arbitrary v _B (not necessarily the maximum value), and the equation (1). Next, the time history determining means 233 calculates the dust supply amount per unit time by the cross-sectional area of the pusher 10 × the speed (candidate) × time, and calculates the dust supply time history for each indicated value candidate. Next, the steam flow rate response calculation means 234 determines the steam flow rate for each time history of dust supply (for each candidate of the indicated value) based on a predetermined model showing the relationship between the dust supply and the steam flow rate and the time history of the dust supply. Calculate the time history. Next, the indicated value selection means 235 selects the time history of the steam flow rate that minimizes the fluctuation (for example, dispersion) from the time history of the steam flow rate for each indicated value candidate. The indicated value selection means 235 selects indicated value candidates {v _F ^* , v _B ^* , L ^* } corresponding to the time history of the selected steam flow rate, and outputs this to the pusher speed indicator unit 231A. Further, the dust supply device control unit 23A sets the origin of the pusher 10 according to the ^{selected L *. For example, the position pulled in by L *} from the maximum extrusion position of the pusher 10 is set as the origin.

The pusher speed indicating unit 231A controls the reciprocating operation of the pusher 10 based on the indicated value candidate selected by the indicated value selecting means 235. For example, when the position of the pusher 10 is the origin, the pusher speed indicating unit 231 instructs the pusher 10 to move the pusher 10 to the position L _{* at the selected extrusion speed v F *.} By this instruction, the pusher 10 moves to the position L _{* at a speed v F *.} When the pusher 10 is present at the selected position L ^* , the pusher speed indicator 231 instructs the pusher 10 to pull the pusher 10 to the origin at the selected pull-in speed v _B ^*. By this instruction, the pusher 10 is pulled to the origin at _{a speed v B} ^*. The pusher 10 repeatedly performs this reciprocating operation.
When the indicated value r (m ³ / s) is changed or the predetermined time elapses after the optimum indicated value is selected, the dust supply device control unit 23A performs the above processing again to obtain the optimum indicated value candidate { The pusher 10 may be controlled by reselecting _{v F} ^* , v _B ^* , L ^*}.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the optimum extrusion speed indication value v _F and the optimum pull-in speed indication value v _{B of the} pusher 10 that minimizes the fluctuation indicated by the time history of the steam flow rate are reciprocated. The pusher 10 is controlled based on the indicated value L of the optimum movement width in the operation. Specifically, (1) a candidate for the extrusion speed instruction value v _F (m / s) of the pusher 10, a candidate for the pull-in speed instruction value v _B (m / s), and a stroke instruction value L (m). The indicated value candidate determining means 232 that determines the candidates, (2) the time history determining means that determines the time history of the garbage supply per unit time based on these indicated value candidates, and (3) the steam flow rate for the garbage supply. A numerical model representing the response of, (4) a steam flow rate response calculation means for inputting the time history of garbage supply into the numerical model to calculate the time history of the steam flow rate response, and (5) steam from among the indicated value candidates. what variation of the time history of flow rate response is minimal, the best indication of the extrusion velocity v _F ^* (m / s) of the pusher 10, the optimum indication of the pull rate v _B ^* (m / s ), The optimum indicated value L ^* (m) for the stroke, and the indicated value selecting means 235 to be selected as. By controlling the pusher 10 using the selected v _F ^* , v _B ^* , and L ^* , it is possible to suppress the fluctuation while ensuring the required steam flow rate. In addition, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, such as improvement of the capacity factor and suppression of emissions of NOX and the like.

<Third embodiment>
In the second embodiment, a plurality of indicated value candidates for the pusher 10 are prepared, and among them, the indicated value candidates that minimize the fluctuation of the steam flow rate calculated by the response model of the steam flow rate to the dust supply are selected. In the third embodiment, a plurality of indicated value candidates for the pusher 10 are prepared, the pusher 10 is actually controlled by each indicated value candidate, and the indicated value candidates are among the indicated value candidates based on the measured value of the steam flow rate obtained as a result. Select the optimum reading from.

(composition)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the main part of the control device according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 5 shows the steam flow rate control unit 22 and the dust supply device control unit 23B of the control device 20B.
The control device 20B includes a data acquisition unit 21, a steam flow rate control unit 22, a dust supply device control unit 23B, and a storage unit 24. The data acquisition unit 21, the steam flow rate control unit 22, and the storage unit 24 are the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The dust supply device control unit 23B includes an indicated value candidate determining means 232B, a mode switching means 236, a steam flow rate response recording means 237, an indicated value selecting means 235, and a pusher speed indicating unit 231A.
Instruction value candidate determination unit 232B, similarly to the instruction value candidate determining unit 232 in the second _embodiment, to create a _{{v F, v B, L} } N sets collected instruction value candidates (Equation (4)). Candidates for v _F (m / s) and candidates for v _B (m / s) are determined to satisfy the equation (1) (to satisfy the indicated value r). In the third embodiment, the steam flow rate actually output by the garbage incinerator 100 is actually measured, and the optimum candidate value is searched for using the measured value, so that the number of candidates N is preferably small. For example, if one round trip of the pusher 10 takes 1 minute and it takes 1 hour to search for the optimum indicated value, the maximum number of candidates that can be evaluated during that period is (extracting the same indicated value candidates in duplicate). Limited to 60 (even if not). Therefore, the v _F (m / s) candidate and the v _B (m / s) candidate are fixed to the speed obtained by the equation (1) and the maximum feasible value, respectively, as in the first embodiment, and the stroke. A plurality of candidates may be prepared only for L (m), and only the stroke L may be searched.

The mode switching means 236 switches between the search mode and the normal mode. In the search mode, the reciprocating operation of the pusher 10 is controlled by any of the indicated value candidates, the response of the steam flow rate at that time is recorded, and the optimum indicated value candidate that minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate measurement value is searched for. Control mode. The normal mode is a control mode in which the pusher 10 is reciprocated based on the optimum indicated value selected from the indicated value candidates. In the search mode, the mode switching means 236 takes out the i-th candidate value {v _F , v _B , L} _i from the N sets of candidate values prepared by the indicated value candidate determining means 232B, and the pusher speed indicator unit. It is output to 231A as an indicated value. The pusher speed indicating unit 231A controls the reciprocating operation of the pusher 10 based on _{the set {v F} , v _B , L} _i of the i-th indicated value candidate.
When the optimum indicated value is selected by the indicated value selecting means 235, the mode switching means 236 switches the control mode to the normal mode and sets the optimum indicated value {v _F ^* , v _B ^* , L ^* } to the pusher speed. Output to the indicator unit 231A.

The steam flow rate response recording means 237 records the measured value of the steam flow rate acquired by the data acquisition unit 21 in the storage unit 24 while searching for the optimum indicated value. Specifically, the steam flow rate response recording means 237 has a time history of the steam flow rate response generated as a result of operating the pusher 10 based on _{the i-th indicated value set {v F} , v _B , L} _i. The following equation (10)) is recorded in the storage unit 24.

When this is executed for all the sets of candidate values from i to N, the storage unit 24 records N time histories of the response of the steam flow rate. This is expressed by the above equation (9). The pusher speed indicating unit 231A may reciprocate the pusher 10 once or several times for one set of indicated value candidates, and the steam flow rate response recording means 237 may record the measured value of the steam flow rate during that period.

The indicated value selection means 235 selects the one with the smallest variance i ^* _{from the N time histories of the response of the steam flow rate, and the indicated value {v F} ^* , v _B ^* , L ^* } that is the basis of the selection. Is selected as the optimum indicated value. The pusher speed indicator 231A controls the pusher 10 based on the optimum indicated value. Variance is an example of an index for evaluating fluctuations. For example, the indicated value selection means 235 may select the optimum indicated value based on the absolute value (minimum), mode, error area (minimum), etc. of the fluctuation of the steam flow rate.

(motion)
First, the steam flow rate control unit 22 acquires the steam flow rate set value and the steam flow rate measurement value, ^{and calculates the indicated value r (m 3} / s) for supplying dust per unit time. The steam flow rate control unit 22 outputs the indicated value r to the dust supply device control unit 23B. _{Next, the dust supply device control unit 23B has elements of a candidate for the extrusion speed v B,} a candidate for the pull-in speed v _{F, and} a candidate for the movement width L based on the indicated value r of the dust supply amount per unit time. From a plurality of indicated value candidates, a combination of indicated value candidates that minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate actually measured when operating with each indicated value candidate is selected, and the pusher 10 is based on this indicated value. Control the reciprocating motion. Specifically, first, the mode switching means 236 sets the control mode to the search mode. Further, the indicated value candidate determining means 232B creates a plurality of sets of _{indicated value candidates {v F} , v _{B, L}.} At this time, the indicated value candidate determining means 232B _{arbitrarily sets each value of {v F} , v _B , L} (however, v _F , v _B satisfies the equation (1)) and sets the indicated value candidate. Create as many as you can search. Alternatively, an instruction value candidate determination unit 232B _{is, {v F, v B,} L} of v _F, v _B a are fixed similarly to the first embodiment and provided in the number that can only be searched L plural sets The indicated value candidate of may be created.

Next, the mode switching means 236 takes out one by one from the plurality of set of indicated value candidates created by the indicated value candidate determining means 232B, and outputs the indicated values to the pusher speed indicating unit 231A. The pusher speed indicator 231A controls the pusher 10 based on the indicated value. The indicated value _{{v Fi, v Bi, L} i} When, when pushing the pusher 10, the pusher speed instruction unit 231A includes a speed _{v Fi} is moved from the origin to the position _{L i.} When draw pusher 10, the pusher speed instruction unit 231A draws from the position _{L i} at the speed _{v Bi} to the origin. While the pusher speed indicating unit 231A controls the pusher 10 based on the i-th indicated value, the steam flow rate response recording means 237 records the time history of the steam flow rate measured value. For example, the steam flow rate response recording means 237 records in the storage unit 24 in association with the steam flow rate measurement value and measurement time measured by the steam flow rate sensor 11 and the fact that the measured value is based on the i-th indicated value. do.
The mode switching means 236 and the steam flow rate response recording means 237 repeatedly perform the above processing for all the indicated value candidates i = 1 to N.

When the recording of the steam flow rate measurement values for all the indicated value candidates is completed, the indicated value selection means 235 calculates the dispersion of the time history of the recorded steam flow rate, and the time of the steam flow rate at which the dispersion (variation) is minimized. Select a history. The indicated value selection means 235 selects a candidate of the indicated value corresponding to the time history of the selected steam flow rate. When the indicated value selecting means 235 selects the optimum indicated value candidate, the mode switching means 236 outputs the selected optimum indicated value to the pusher speed indicating unit 231A. Then, the mode switching means 236 switches the control mode from the search mode to the normal mode. Assuming that the selected optimum indicated value is {v _F ^* , v _B ^* , L ^* }, the dust feeder control unit 23B sets the origin of the pusher 10 according to the ^{selected L * and indicates the pusher speed.} the control parts 231A, the pusher 10 moves from the origin to the position L ^* at a speed vF ^*, repeated reciprocating movement to retreat from the position L ^* at a pull rate v _B ^* to the origin.
When the indicated value r (m ³ / s) is changed or the predetermined time elapses after the optimum indicated value is selected, the dust supply device control unit 23A performs the above processing again to obtain the optimum indicated value candidate { The pusher 10 may be controlled by reselecting _{v F} ^* , v _B ^* , L ^*}.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, the pusher 10 is controlled based on the extrusion speed, the pull-in speed, and the stroke length of the pusher 10 that minimizes the fluctuation indicated by the time history of the steam flow rate. Specifically, (1) a candidate for the extrusion speed instruction value v _F (m / s) of the pusher 10, a candidate for the pull-in speed instruction value v _B (m / s), and a stroke instruction value L (m). The indicated value candidate determining means 232B that creates as many pairs of candidates as possible, the mode switching means that outputs the indicated value candidates to the pusher speed indicator 231A, and (3) the steam flow rate for the indicated value candidates. The steam flow rate response recording means 237 that records the time history of the response of the above, and (4) the optimum indication of the extrusion speed of the pusher 10 from among the indicated value candidates that minimizes the fluctuation of the time history of the response of the steam flow rate. It has a value v _F ^* (m / s), an optimum indicated value v _B ^* (m / s) for the same lead-in speed, and an indicated value selection means 235 selected as ^{the optimum indicated value L * (m) for the stroke.} .. Thereby, the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained.

<Fourth Embodiment>
In the fourth embodiment, the function of the control device 20 according to the first embodiment is expanded. The control device 20 according to the first embodiment pushes the pusher 10 from the origin to the end point (maximum extrusion position) at once, whereas the control device 20C according to the fourth embodiment is in the process of moving from the origin to the end point. Set a rest period at. The pusher 10 moves from the origin to the end point while pausing on the way, and is pulled to the origin at once.

(composition)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the main part of the control device according to the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 6 shows the steam flow rate control unit 22 and the dust supply device control unit 23C among the control devices 20C.
The control device 20C includes a data acquisition unit 21, a steam flow rate control unit 22, a dust supply device control unit 23C, and a storage unit 24. The data acquisition unit 21, the steam flow rate control unit 22, and the storage unit 24 are the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
The dust supply device control unit 23C includes a pusher extrusion speed calculation means 230C and a pusher speed indicator unit 231C. _{The pusher extrusion speed calculation means 230C acquires the maximum value v B} of the pull-in speed of the pusher 10, the dust supply instruction value r (m ³ / s) per unit time, and the number of stops n in the extrusion process, and obtains the following. the equation (11), calculates the extrusion rate instruction value _{v F} of the pusher 10.

The pusher speed indicator 231C acquires the extrusion speed instruction value v _F (m / s), the pull-in speed instruction value v _B (m / s), and the number of stops n in the extrusion process. The indicated value v _F (m / s) and the extrusion speed indicated value L / (n + 1) (m) are intermittently output to the pusher 10 with a rest period. In the pull-in process, the pull-in speed instruction value v _B (m / s) and the movement instruction to the origin are output to the pusher 10. The pusher 10 moves at the speed specified by the pusher speed indicating unit 231C by the movement width specified by the pusher speed indicating unit 231C.

Here, the equation (11) will be described with reference to FIG. 7.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pusher speed and the dust supply amount according to the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 7A shows the time change of the position (m) of the pusher 10 when one rest period is provided in the middle of the extrusion process. The vertical axis of FIG. 7A indicates the position (m) of the pusher 10, and the horizontal axis indicates time. The length of the rest period is set to L / v _B (s) for convenience.
FIG. 7B shows the time change of the garbage supply. The vertical axis of FIG. 7B shows the garbage supply amount u (m ³ / s) per unit time, and the horizontal axis shows the time. The same positions on the horizontal axes of FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) indicate the same time.
Here, assuming that the cross-sectional area of the pusher 10 is A (m ^{2 ), the time average value u￣ (m 3} / s) of the garbage supply when one rest period is provided for one reciprocating process is A /. (V _F ^-1 + 2 · v _B ^-1 ). ^{Similarly, the time average value u￣ (m 3} / s) of the garbage supply when the rest period of n times is provided is expressed by the following equation (12).

Here, since the dust supply device is responsible for supplying dust according to ^{the indicated value r (m 3} _{/ s) of the steam flow controller, v F} (m / s) is set so that u￣ = r. It is necessary to set the value of _{v B (m / s).} There are innumerable combinations of such v _F and v _{B values, but for example, v F} (m / s) so as to minimize the dispersion ^{of the garbage supply u (m 3} / s) at each time of the round trip process. And v _B (m / s) values are determined. The variance of the garbage supply u (m ³ / s) for one round trip process is expressed by equation (13).

The distributed Var [u] indicates the fluctuation of the dust supply in the process of the reciprocating operation. When the value of the dispersed Var [u] is made small, the fluctuation of the dust supply becomes small in the process of the reciprocating operation, and the fluctuation of the steam flow rate can be suppressed. From equation (13), it can be seen that the variance can be reduced by increasing _{v B (m / s).} Therefore, the maximum value that can be realized as the pull-in speed of the pusher 10 is set for _{v B (m / s), and v F} (m / s) is obtained so that u￣ = r under that condition. Equation (11) is obtained.

(motion)
First, the steam flow rate control unit 22 acquires the steam flow rate set value and the steam flow rate measurement value, ^{and calculates the indicated value r (m 3} / s) for supplying dust per unit time. The steam flow rate control unit 22 outputs the indicated value r to the dust supply device control unit 23C. Next, the dust supply device control unit 23C acquires the dust supply instruction value r, the pull-in speed instruction value v _B (maximum value), the stroke L (maximum movement width) of the pusher 10, and the number of pauses n. do. First, the pusher extrusion speed calculation means 230C may by equation (11), calculates the extrusion rate _{v F,} and outputs the value to the pusher velocity instruction unit 231C. Pusher speed instruction unit 231C, in the extrusion process, and outputs the extrusion velocity command value _{v F} and the stroke L / a (n + 1) to the pusher 10. The pusher 10 moves at a speed _{v F} L / only (n + 1). After the pusher 10 is moved, the pusher speed indicator 231C provides _{a rest period of L / v B} , and then outputs the extrusion speed instruction value v _F and the stroke L / (n + 1) to the pusher 10 again. When the pusher 10 reaches the end point (maximum extrusion position), the pusher speed indicator 231C _{outputs the pull-in speed indicator value v B} (maximum value) to the pusher 10. By this instruction, the pusher 10 retreats to the origin at _{a speed v B.} The pusher speed indicator 231 repeatedly pushes out and pulls in the pusher 10.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the control device 20C minimizes the dispersion of dust supply while satisfying the dust supply instruction value r when n pause periods are provided in the middle of the extrusion process. The extrusion speed v _F is calculated, and the extrusion speed instruction value v _F and the extrusion movement width instruction value L / (n + 1) are output to the pusher 10 with a rest period in between, and the maximum extraction speed instruction value v in the drawing process. _B is output to the pusher 10. As a result, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained even when the amount of garbage supplied by one garbage supply (movement until the next rest period) is small.

It is necessary to provide a stop period in the middle, for example, when it is desired to shorten the extrusion amount at one time. Since the dust is elastic, even if the pusher 10 moves, a part of the dust is used to reduce the volume of the dust, and the amount of dust actually supplied is less than the stroke equivalent amount. For example, even if the pusher is pushed out by 1 cm, the first 1 cm is consumed for volume reduction, and the supply amount may be zero. Even in such a case, a desired amount of dust can be supplied by continuously extruding the dust a plurality of times. If it is extruded multiple times, the volume of the dust will be sufficiently reduced, and only the extruded amount will be supplied. In the fourth embodiment, the required steam flow rate is set even when the extrusion amount at one time is set short by appropriately setting the value of the number of pauses n according to the dust supply amount required for one stroke. It is possible to control the fluctuation while ensuring the above.

The above equation (11) represents, as an example, the extrusion speed indicated value v _{F when the length of the rest period in the middle is assumed to be L / v B.} regardless, because it v maximizing _B it is effective for variation suppression of dust supply (fluctuation suppressing steam flow rate) is clear from equation (13), extrusion in the case of arbitrarily set the length of the rest period The speed indicated value v _F can be calculated in the same manner. For example, the average value u￣ of the garbage supply per unit time is expressed by an equation (corresponding to the equation (12)) from the garbage supply amount (AL) when the pusher 10 makes one round trip and the time required for one round trip. u¯ the by solving for replacing at r v _F, it can be calculated for the extrusion velocity command value v _F in the case of arbitrarily set the length of the rest period.

<Fifth Embodiment>
In the fifth embodiment, the function of the control device 20A according to the second embodiment is expanded. The control device 20D according to the fifth embodiment searches for an optimum reading value when a rest period is provided in the middle of the extrusion process from the start point to the end point in the control of the pusher 10 according to the second embodiment.

(composition)
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the main part of the control device according to the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 8 shows the steam flow rate control unit 22 and the dust supply device control unit 23D of the control device 20D.
The control device 20D includes a data acquisition unit 21, a steam flow rate control unit 22, a dust supply device control unit 23D, and a storage unit 24. The data acquisition unit 21, the steam flow rate control unit 22, and the storage unit 24 are the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
The dust supply device control unit 23D includes an instruction value candidate determination unit 232D, a time history determination unit 233D, a steam flow rate response calculation unit 234D, an instruction value selection unit 235D, and a pusher speed instruction unit 231D.

The indicated value candidate determining means 232D determines a candidate of _{v F} (m / s) satisfying the above equation (11) and _{a candidate of v B} (m / s) ^{according to the indicated value r (m 3 / s).} Further, the indicated value candidate determining means 232D determines a candidate for the stroke L (m) and the number of stops n (times) in the extrusion process. Assuming that one set of indicated value candidates is {v _F , v _B , L, n}, the indicated value candidate determining means 232D prepares N sets of indicated value candidates. The indicated value candidates collected from N sets are shown below.

Time history determination means 233D _includes, v and candidate F (m / _s), v and candidate B (m / s), and (m) candidate L, and candidate number pause in the extrusion process n (times) Based on the above, as shown in FIG. 7, the time history of the garbage supply u (1 round trip) from the time 0s of the garbage supply rate to the time L (v _F ^-1 + (n + 1) v _B ^{-1) (s) is determined.} The time history of the garbage supply u from the time 0s to the time L (v _F ^-1 + (n + 1) v _B ^-1 ) (s) is expressed as follows.

For example, if the time history is set every second, the following holds.

As shown in the following equation (17), the steam flow rate response calculation means 234D has, for example, a time history of dust supply (the above equation (16)) in the pulse transfer function model G (z) with a sampling interval of 1 second. ) Is input to calculate the response {y} of the steam flow rate. z is the Laplace operator.

The steam flow rate response calculation means 234D performs this calculation for each of the N time histories of dust supply (hereinafter referred to as equation (18)), and calculates N time histories of steam flow rate response (hereinafter referred to as equation (19)). do.

Similar to the second embodiment, the steam flow rate response model used by the steam flow rate response calculation means 234D is not limited to the pulse transfer function G, and may be a model constructed by another method.

^{The indicated value selection means 235D selects, for example, the one with the smallest variance i *} from the N time histories of the response of the steam flow rate (the above equation (19)), and the indicated value candidate { Select v _F , v _B , L, n} _i ^* as the optimum indicated value. Similar to the second embodiment, the indicated value selection means 235D may select the optimum indicated value based on other indexes other than the dispersion, for example, the absolute value of the steam flow rate fluctuation, the mode, and the error area. good.

(motion)
First, the steam flow rate control unit 22 acquires the steam flow rate set value and the steam flow rate measurement value ^{, calculates the indicated value r (m 3} / s) for supplying dust per unit time, and controls the dust supply device by supplying the indicated value r. Output to unit 23D. Next, the indicated value candidate determining means 232D of the dust supply device control unit 23D creates a plurality of sets of _{indicated value candidates {v F} , v _{B, L, n}.} Next, the time history determining means 233D calculates the time history of garbage supply for each indicated value candidate. Next, the steam flow rate response calculation means 234D calculates the time history of the steam flow rate for each time history of the dust supply (for each indicated value candidate) based on the response model of the steam flow rate to the dust supply and the time history of the dust supply. .. Next, the indicated value selection means 235D selects the time history of the steam flow rate that minimizes the fluctuation from the time history of the steam flow rate for each indicated value candidate. Next, the indicated value selection means 235D selects indicated value candidates {v _F ^* , v _B ^* , L ^* , n ^* } corresponding to the time history of the selected steam flow rate, and sends this to the pusher speed indicator unit 231D. Output.

The pusher speed indicating unit 231D controls the reciprocating operation of the pusher 10 based on the indicated value candidate selected by the indicated value selecting means 235D. For example, the pusher speed indicator 231D instructs the pusher 10 to extend the pusher 10 to the position L ^* _{/ (n + 1) at the selected extrusion speed v F} ^*. After the pause of L ^* / v _B (s), the pusher speed indicator 231D again instructs the pusher 10 to perform the same operation. The pusher speed indicator 231D repeats this process until the ^{pusher 10 reaches the position L *.} When the pusher 10 reaches the selected position L ^* , the pusher speed indicator 231D instructs the pusher 10 to pull the pusher 10 to the origin at the selected pull-in speed v _B.

As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, the control device 20D minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate indicated by the time history of the steam flow rate calculated based on the response model of the steam flow rate, and the optimum extrusion speed. A combination of the indicated value v _B ^* , the optimum lead-in speed instruction value v _F ^* , the optimum stroke instruction value L ^*, and the optimum pause count instruction value n ^* is selected, and based on the selected instruction value. Control the pusher 10. As a result, the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained even when the amount of dust supplied in one extrusion operation is small.

<Sixth Embodiment>
In the sixth embodiment, the function of the control device 20B according to the third embodiment is expanded. The control device 20E according to the sixth embodiment searches for an optimum reading value when a rest period is provided in the middle of the extrusion process in the control of the pusher 10 according to the third embodiment.

(composition)
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the main part of the control device according to the sixth embodiment.
The control device 20E includes a data acquisition unit 21, a steam flow rate control unit 22, a dust supply device control unit 23E, and a storage unit 24. The data acquisition unit 21, the steam flow rate control unit 22, and the storage unit 24 are the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 9 shows the steam flow rate control unit 22 and the dust supply device control unit 23E of the control device 20E.

The dust supply device control unit 23E includes an indicated value candidate determining unit 232E, a mode switching unit 236E, a steam flow rate response recording unit 237E, an indicated value selection unit 235D, and a pusher speed indicating unit 231D.
Instruction value candidate determining unit 232E, as well as the indicated value candidate determination unit 232D of the second _embodiment, creating a _{{v F, v B, L} , n} N sets collected instruction value candidates (Equation (14)) do. Candidates for v _F (m / s) and candidates for v _B (m / s) are determined to satisfy equation (11). Further, as in the third embodiment, it is preferable that the number N of the indicated value candidates is a small number. _{For example, about 60 combinations of arbitrary v F} and v _B satisfying the equation (11) and arbitrary L and n may be created. Alternatively, the v _F (m / s) candidate and the v _B (m / s) candidate are _{fixed to the speed v F} and the speed v _B of the fourth embodiment, and the stroke L (m) and the number of pauses n (times). ) May be prepared, and only L and n may be searched by preparing a plurality of candidates (for example, about 10 to 20 sets).

The mode switching means 236E sets either a search mode or a normal mode. In the search mode, the mode switching means 236E extracts the i-th candidate value {v _F , v _B , L, n} _i from the N sets of indicated value candidates and outputs the i-th candidate value to the pusher speed indicating unit 231D as an indicated value. do. The mode switching means 236E performs this process for all i = 1 to N. When the optimum indicated value is selected by the indicated value selecting means 235D, the mode switching means 236E switches the control mode to the normal mode, and the optimum indicated value {v _F ^* , v _B ^* , L ^* , n ^* }. Is output to the pusher speed indicator 231D.

The steam flow rate response recording means 237E records the measured value of the steam flow rate acquired by the data acquisition unit 21 in the storage unit 24 during the search for the indicated value. Specifically, the steam flow rate response recording means 237E _{operates the pusher 10 based on the i-th indicated value set {v F} , v _B , L, n} _i , and as a result, the steam flow rate time history ( The following equation (20)) is recorded.

When the pusher 10 is controlled for all the set of indicated value candidates from i = 1 to N in the search mode, N time histories of steam flow rate responses are recorded in the storage unit 24. This is expressed by the above equation (19).

The indicated value selection means 235D selects the one with the smallest fluctuation (dispersion, etc.) i ^* _{from the N time history of the response of the steam flow rate, and the indicated value {v F} ^* , v _B ^* which is the basis of the selection. , L ^* , n ^* } are selected as the optimum indicated values. The pusher speed indicating unit 231D controls the pusher 10 based on the indicated value selected by the indicated value selecting means 235D.

(motion)
First, the steam flow rate control unit 22 acquires the steam flow rate set value and the steam flow rate measurement value, ^{and calculates the indicated value r (m 3} / s) for supplying dust per unit time. The steam flow rate control unit 22 outputs the indicated value r to the dust supply device control unit 23E. Next, the mode switching means 236E of the dust supply device control unit 23E sets the control mode to the search mode. Next, the indicated value candidate determining means 232E creates as many indicated value candidates {v _F , v _B , L, n} as can be searched. For example, an instruction value candidate determination unit 232B _is, {v _F, v B, L, n} only _v F, _v possible number searching only L and n fixed similarly to the _B fourth embodiment of the prepared Then, a plurality of sets of indicated value candidates may be created.

The mode switching means 236E sets the control mode to the search mode. In the search mode, the mode switching means 236E takes out one by one from the plurality of set of indicated value candidates created by the indicated value candidate determining means 232E, and outputs the indicated values to the pusher speed indicating unit 231D. The pusher speed indicator 231D controls the pusher 10 based on this indicated value. The indicated value _{{v Fi, v Bi, L} i, n i} When the pusher speed instruction unit 231D is moved _L i / n + 1 of the length pusher 10 from the current position at the speed vF _i in the extrusion direction of the waste Let me. Pusher speed instruction unit 231D, in its _position, L i / _{v B} only rested, then again, from that position at a speed vF _i yet _L i / n + 1 moves only the pusher 10 long. The pusher speed indicator 231D repeats this process until the pusher 10 reaches the selected stroke L ^*. When draw pusher 10, the pusher speed instruction unit 231D retracts from the position _{L i} at a pull rate vB _i to the origin. While the pusher speed indicator 231D controls the pusher 10 based on the i-th indicated value, the steam flow rate response recording means 237E corresponds to the steam flow rate measured value and the measured time with the i-th indicated value. Attach and record in the storage unit 24 (recording the time history of the steam flow rate).
The mode switching means 236E and the steam flow rate response recording means 237E repeat the above processing for all the indicated value candidates. The pusher speed indicator 231D operates the pusher 10 one or more round trips for one set of indicated value candidates.

When the recording of the steam flow rate is completed for all the indicated value candidates, the indicated value selection means 235D selects the time history of the steam flow rate that minimizes the index value indicating the fluctuation such as dispersion, and the corresponding indicated value candidate. .. When the indicated value selection means 235D selects the optimum indicated value candidate, the mode switching means 236E outputs the optimum indicated value selected by the indicated value selecting means 235D to the pusher speed indicating unit 231D. Then, the mode switching means 236E switches the control mode from the search mode to the normal mode. The mode switching means 236E outputs the selected indicated values {v _F ^* , v _B ^* , L ^* , n ^* } to the pusher speed indicator 231D. In the extrusion process, the pusher speed indicator 231D outputs the extrusion speed indicator value v _F ^* and the stroke instruction value L ^* / (n + 1) to the pusher 10 n times _{with the rest period L / v B in between.} When the pusher 10 reaches the position L ^* , the pusher speed indicator 231D outputs the extrusion speed v _B ^* to the pusher 10.

As described above, according to the sixth embodiment, the control device 20E has an extrusion speed indicated value v _F (m / s), a pull-in speed indicated value v _B (m / s), and a stroke indicated value L (m). The reciprocating operation of the pusher 10 is controlled based on the stop count indicated value n (times) in the extrusion process. _{Then, the control device 20E has an optimum extrusion speed v B} ^* and a pull-in speed v _F ^{* of the} pusher 10 that minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate indicated by the time history of the steam flow rate measurement value measured at that time. A combination of the stroke L ^* and the number of pauses n ^* is selected, and the pusher 10 is controlled based on the selected indicated value. As a result, the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be obtained even when the amount of dust supplied in one dust supply is small.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control device according to each embodiment.
The computer 900 includes a CPU 901, a main storage device 902, an auxiliary storage device 903, an input / output interface 904, and a communication interface 905.
The control devices 20 to 20E described above are mounted on the computer 900. Each of the above-mentioned functions is stored in the auxiliary storage device 903 in the form of a program. The CPU 901 reads the program from the auxiliary storage device 903, expands it to the main storage device 902, and executes the above processing according to the program. Further, the CPU 901 secures a storage area in the main storage device 902 according to the program. Further, the CPU 901 secures a storage area for storing the data being processed in the auxiliary storage device 903 according to the program.

A program for realizing all or part of the functions of the control devices 20 to 20E is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is read by the computer system and executed. May be processed by each functional unit. The term "computer system" as used herein includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices. Further, the "computer system" includes the homepage providing environment (or display environment) if the WWW system is used. Further, the "computer-readable recording medium" refers to a portable medium such as a CD, DVD, or USB, or a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system. Further, when this program is distributed to the computer 900 by a communication line, the distributed computer 900 may expand the program to the main storage device 902 and execute the above processing. Further, the above-mentioned program may be for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions, and may be further realized for realizing the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system. ..

As described above, some embodiments according to the present disclosure have been described, but all of these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other embodiments, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and variations thereof are included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof, as are included in the scope and gist of the invention.

<Additional Notes>
The control devices 20 to 20E, control methods and programs described in each embodiment are grasped as follows, for example.

(1) The control devices 20 to 20E according to the first aspect are the garbage incinerator 100 that supplies the garbage to the incinerator by the reciprocating operation of pushing out and pulling in the dust supply device (pusher 10) from the garbage incinerator 100. The dust supply device that satisfies the required supply amount (indicated value r) of the dust determined so that the generated steam flow rate becomes a predetermined set value, and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation. A control unit (dust supply device control units 23 to 23E) that calculates _{control values (v B} , v _F , L, n) for the reciprocating operation and controls the dust supply device based on the control values is provided.
As a result, while ensuring the steam flow rate to be supplied to the power plant, fluctuations in the steam flow rate caused by the intermittent dust supply caused by the reciprocating operation of the pusher type dust supply device are suppressed, and the steam flow rate is stabilized. can do.

(2) The control devices 20 and 20C according to the second aspect are the control devices 20 and 20C of (1), and the control unit (dust supply device control unit 23 and 23C) is a unit time in the reciprocating operation. The control value of the dust supply device that minimizes the fluctuation of the supply amount of the dust per unit is calculated as the control value of the dust supply device that minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate.
By controlling the reciprocating operation of the pusher 10 at a speed that minimizes the fluctuation of the dust supply amount, the fluctuation of the steam flow rate can be minimized.

(3) The control devices 20 and 20C according to the third aspect are the control devices 20 and 20C of (1) and (2), and the control unit (dust supply device control unit 23 and 23C) is once. The difference between the pull-in speed when the dust supply device is pulled in and the extrusion speed when the dust supply device is pushed out is the maximum while minimizing the fluctuation of the dust supply amount per unit time in the reciprocating operation. The pull-in speed and the push-out speed are calculated.
By maximizing the difference between the extrusion speed and the pull-in speed of the pusher, the fluctuation of the dust supply amount can be minimized, and thus the fluctuation of the steam flow rate can be minimized.

(4) The control device 20 according to the fourth aspect is the control device 20 of (3), and when the control unit (dust supply device control unit 23) sets a maximum value for the pull-in speed, The extrusion speed at which the average value of the supply amount of the dust per unit time in one reciprocating operation satisfies the required supply amount of the dust is calculated.
By setting the pull-in speed to the maximum feasible speed, it is possible to determine the extrusion speed of the pusher 10 that minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate while satisfying the required supply amount of dust.

(5) The control device 20C according to the fifth aspect is the control device 20C of (3), and the control unit (dust supply device control unit 23C) is paused n times in the process of pushing out the dust supply device. Extrusion of the dust supply device in which the average value of the supply amount of the dust per unit time in one reciprocating operation when a period is set and the maximum value is set for the pull-in speed satisfies the required supply amount of the dust. Calculate the speed.
As a result, fluctuations in the steam flow rate can be suppressed even when the pusher 10 required to satisfy the required supply amount of dust is extruded once.

(6) The control devices 20A and 20D according to the sixth aspect are the control devices 20A and 20D of (1), and the control unit (dust supply device control unit 23A and 23D) is the dust supply device (pusher). 10) Create multiple sets of candidates for the pull-in speed when pulling in, the extrusion speed when pushing out, and the reciprocating width of the reciprocating operation, and based on the response model of the steam flow rate to the supply of dust, the multiple sets For each candidate, the time history of the steam flow rate in the one-time or multiple reciprocating operations is calculated, and the candidate when the fluctuation of the steam flow rate indicated by the time history is minimized is selected and selected as the selected candidate. The reciprocating motion is controlled based on the included pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, and the reciprocating width.
_{Since the time history of the steam flow rate is calculated, the control value (v B} , v _F , L, n) that suppresses the fluctuation of the steam flow rate is directly based on the steam flow rate without suppressing the fluctuation of the garbage supply amount. Selection becomes possible.

(7) The control devices 20B and 20E according to the seventh aspect are the control devices 20B and 20E of (1), and the control unit (dust supply device control unit 23B and 23E) is the dust supply device (pusher). 10) Create multiple sets of candidates for the pull-in speed when pulling in, the extrusion speed when pushing out, and the reciprocating width (movement width, stroke L) of the reciprocating operation, and the pull-in speed included in one set of candidates. And, the process of recording the time history of the steam flow rate measured when the reciprocating operation of the dust feeder is actually controlled based on the extrusion speed and the reciprocating width is performed for each of the plurality of sets of candidates. The candidate is selected when the fluctuation of the steam flow rate indicated by the time history is minimized, and the pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, and the reciprocating width included in the selected candidate are selected. The reciprocating operation is controlled.
_{Since the time history of the steam flow rate measurement value is recorded, the control value (v B} , v _F , L) that suppresses the fluctuation of the steam flow rate is directly based on the steam flow rate without the intervention of suppressing the fluctuation of the dust supply amount. Selection becomes possible.

(8) The control devices 20A, 20B, 20D, 20E according to the eighth aspect are the control devices 20A, 20B, 20D, 20E of (6) to (7), and the control unit (dust supply device control unit). 23A, 23B, 23D, 23E) set a maximum value for the pull-in speed for the candidate, and set the extrusion speed as the per-unit time in one reciprocating operation when the pull-in speed is the maximum. The speed at which the dust supply amount satisfies the required supply amount is set, an arbitrary value is set for the reciprocating width, and the reciprocating width when the fluctuation of the steam flow rate is minimized is selected.
Since the extrusion speed and the pull-in speed are fixed and only the reciprocating width is searched, the load of the optimum control value selection process can be reduced.

(9) The control devices 20D and 20E according to the ninth aspect are the control devices 20D and 20E of (6) to (8), and the control unit (dust supply device control unit 23D and 23E) is the candidate. A plurality of sets of the candidates including the pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, the reciprocating width, and the number of pauses in the extrusion process are created, and the steam flow rate indicated by the time history of the steam flow rate indicates. The candidate is selected when the fluctuation of is minimized, and the reciprocating operation is controlled based on the pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, the reciprocating width, and the number of pauses included in the selected candidate.
As a result, fluctuations in the steam flow rate can be suppressed even when the pusher 10 required to satisfy the required supply amount of dust is extruded once. _{In addition, it is possible to select control values (v B} , v _F , L, n) that suppress fluctuations in steam flow rate directly based on steam flow rate without suppressing fluctuations in the amount of garbage supplied.

(10) The control devices 20D and 20E according to the tenth aspect are the control devices 20D and 20E of (9), and the control unit (dust supply device control unit 23D and 23E) retracts the candidate. A maximum value is set for the speed, and the extrusion speed is a unit in one reciprocating operation when the pull-in speed is the maximum and the rest period is provided for the number of pauses included in the same set in the extrusion process. The speed at which the supply amount of the garbage per hour satisfies the required supply amount is set.
Since the extrusion speed and the pull-in speed are fixed and only the reciprocating width and the number of pauses are searched, the load of the optimum control value selection process can be reduced.

(11) In the control method according to the eleventh aspect, in the garbage incinerator that supplies garbage to the incinerator by the reciprocating operation of pushing out and pulling in the dust supply device, the steam flow rate generated from the garbage incinerator is a predetermined set value. The control value of the reciprocating operation of the dust feeding device that satisfies the required supply amount of the dust and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation is calculated and used as the control value. The dust supply device is controlled based on the above.

(12) The program according to the twelfth aspect is the control of the dust supply device of the garbage incinerator that supplies garbage to the incinerator by the reciprocating operation of pushing out and pulling the dust supply device into the computer from the garbage incinerator. Control of the reciprocating operation of the dust feeding device that satisfies the required supply amount of the dust determined so that the generated steam flow rate becomes a predetermined set value and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation. A value is calculated, and a process of controlling the dust supply device is executed based on the control value.

100 ... Garbage incineration equipment, 1 ... Hopper, 2 ... Shoot, 3 ... Stoker, 3A ... Dry area, 3B ... Combustion area, 3C ... Post-combustion area, 4, Blower, 5A-5E ... air box, 6 ... combustion chamber, 7 ... ash outlet, 8A-8E ... valve, 9 ... boiler, 10 ... pusher, 11 ... -Steam flow sensor, 12 ... flue, 13 ... pipeline, 20 ... control device, 21 ... data acquisition unit, 22 ... steam flow control unit, 23, 23A, 23B, 23C , 23D, 23E ... Dust feeder control unit, 230, 230C ... Pusher extrusion speed calculation means, 231,231A, 231C, 231D ... Pusher speed indicator, 232,232B, 232D, 232E ... Instruction Value candidate determination means, 233,233D ... Time history determination means, 234,234D ... Steam flow rate response calculation means, 235,235D ... Instructed value selection means, 236,236E ... Mode switching means, 237 , 237E ... Steam flow response recording means, 24 ... Storage unit, 900 ... Computer, 901 ... CPU, 902 ... Main storage device, 903 ... Auxiliary storage device, 904 ... Input / output interface, 905 ... Communication interface

Claims (12)

In a garbage incinerator that supplies garbage to an incinerator by a reciprocating operation that pushes out and pulls in the dust supply device.
The dust supply device that satisfies the required supply amount of the dust determined so that the steam flow rate generated from the dust incinerator becomes a predetermined set value, and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation. A control unit that calculates the control value of the reciprocating operation and controls the dust supply device based on the control value.
A control device equipped with. The control unit uses the control value of the dust supply device that minimizes the fluctuation of the amount of dust supplied per unit time in the reciprocating operation as the control value of the dust supply device that minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate. calculate,
The control device according to claim 1. The control unit minimizes fluctuations in the amount of dust supplied per unit time in one reciprocating operation, and has a pull-in speed when the dust supply device is pulled in and extrusion when the dust supply device is pushed out. Calculate the pull-in speed and the extrusion speed that maximize the difference from the speed.
The control device according to claim 1 or 2. When the maximum value is set for the pull-in speed, the control unit calculates the extrusion speed at which the average value of the supply amount of the dust per unit time in one reciprocating operation satisfies the required supply amount of the dust. do,
The control device according to claim 3. The control unit provides n pause periods in the extrusion process of the dust supply device, and averages the amount of dust supplied per unit time in one reciprocating operation when the maximum value is set for the pull-in speed. Calculates the extrusion speed of the dust feeder, the value of which meets the required supply of dust.
The control device according to claim 3. The control unit creates multiple sets of candidates for the pull-in speed when pulling in the dust supply device, the extrusion speed when pushing out, and the reciprocating width of the reciprocating operation, and uses it as a response model of the steam flow rate to the supply of dust. Based on this, for each of the plurality of sets of candidates, the time history of the steam flow rate in the one-time or multiple times of the reciprocating operation is calculated, and the candidate in the case where the fluctuation of the steam flow rate indicated by the time history is minimized is selected. The reciprocating operation is controlled based on the pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, and the reciprocating width included in the selected and selected candidates.
The control device according to claim 1. The control unit creates a plurality of sets of candidates for the pull-in speed when pulling in the dust supply device, the extrusion speed when pushing out, and the reciprocating width of the reciprocating operation.
Time of the measured value of the steam flow rate measured when the reciprocating operation of the dust feeder is actually controlled based on the pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, and the reciprocating width included in one set of candidates. The process of recording the history is executed for each of the plurality of sets of candidates, and the process is executed.
The candidate is selected when the fluctuation of the steam flow rate indicated by the time history is minimized, and the reciprocating operation is performed based on the pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, and the reciprocating width included in the selected candidate. Control,
The control device according to claim 1. The control unit sets a maximum value for the pull-in speed for the candidate, and sets the extrusion speed as the amount of dust supplied per unit time in one reciprocating operation when the pull-in speed is the maximum. Sets the speed that satisfies the required supply amount, and sets an arbitrary value for the reciprocating width.
Select the reciprocating width when the fluctuation of the steam flow rate is minimized.
The control device according to claim 6 or 7. The control unit creates a plurality of sets of the candidates including the pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, the reciprocating width, and the number of pauses in the extrusion process for the candidate, and the steam flow rate. The candidate is selected when the fluctuation of the steam flow rate indicated by the time history is minimized, and the pull-in speed, the extrusion speed, the reciprocating width, and the number of pauses included in the selected candidate are selected. Controlling the reciprocating motion,
The control device according to any one of claims 6 to 8. The control unit sets a maximum value for the pull-in speed for the candidate, and provides a rest period for the extrusion speed by the number of pauses included in the same set in the extrusion process at the maximum pull-in speed. In this case, the speed at which the supply amount of the dust per unit time in the one reciprocating operation satisfies the required supply amount is set.
The control device according to claim 9. In a garbage incinerator that supplies garbage to an incinerator by a reciprocating operation that pushes out and pulls in the dust supply device.
The dust supply device that satisfies the required supply amount of the dust determined so that the steam flow rate generated from the dust incinerator becomes a predetermined set value, and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation. A control method for calculating a control value of the reciprocating operation and controlling the dust supply device based on the control value. On the computer
Regarding the control of the dust supply device of the garbage incinerator that supplies garbage to the incinerator by the reciprocating operation of pushing out and pulling in the dust supply device.
The dust supply device that satisfies the required supply amount of the dust determined so that the steam flow rate generated from the dust incinerator becomes a predetermined set value, and minimizes the fluctuation of the steam flow rate in the reciprocating operation. A program that calculates a control value for the reciprocating operation and controls the dust supply device based on the control value to execute a process.

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