JP2021173454A - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2021173454A JP2021173454A JP2020076238A JP2020076238A JP2021173454A JP 2021173454 A JP2021173454 A JP 2021173454A JP 2020076238 A JP2020076238 A JP 2020076238A JP 2020076238 A JP2020076238 A JP 2020076238A JP 2021173454 A JP2021173454 A JP 2021173454A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- refrigeration cycle
- compressor
- adsorbent
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 240
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- VPAYJEUHKVESSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroiodomethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)I VPAYJEUHKVESSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- PKAUVIXBZJUYRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydroiodide Chemical compound C.I PKAUVIXBZJUYRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 62
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 39
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 24
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- -1 HFC134a and the like Natural products 0.000 description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229930003658 monoterpene Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 235000002577 monoterpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005827 chlorofluoro hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluoromethane Natural products FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003109 Karl Fischer titration Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N (-)-α-pinene Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLEZTPDKUBSTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1-fluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=C(F)Cl BLEZTPDKUBSTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006219 1-ethylpentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- WFOIWBGKCSYBJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluorobut-1-ene Chemical compound CCC=CF WFOIWBGKCSYBJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=CF VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SZNYYWIUQFZLLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(2-methylpropoxy)propane Chemical compound CC(C)COCC(C)C SZNYYWIUQFZLLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OVBFMEVBMNZIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylvaleric acid Chemical compound CCCC(C)C(O)=O OVBFMEVBMNZIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OILUAKBAMVLXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5,5-trimethyl-hexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C OILUAKBAMVLXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHJIDZUQMHKGRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl 2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)acetate Chemical compound C1CC2OC2CC1OC(=O)CC1CC2OC2CC1 NHJIDZUQMHKGRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- CBRPURGNZYLTLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=NNO[NH+]([O-])I Chemical compound C=NNO[NH+]([O-])I CBRPURGNZYLTLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LMMDJMWIHPEQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[(3-methyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)methyl] hexanedioate Chemical compound C1C2OC2CC(C)C1COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC1CC2OC2CC1C LMMDJMWIHPEQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002767 monocyclic monoterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N rac-alpha-Pinene Natural products CC1=CCC2C(C)(C)C1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOWVWXQNQNCRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,4-dimethylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC(C)=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1C KOWVWXQNQNCRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/005—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle of the single unit type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
- C10M129/70—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本実施形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、冷媒が形成する熱力学的な冷凍サイクルを利用して冷却対象を冷却する能力を備えた装置である。冷凍サイクル装置は、冷却を行う能力を備える限り、冷凍サイクルと反対の熱サイクルを行う能力を備えていてもよい。この冷凍サイクル装置は、例えば、空気調和機、冷凍機等の各種の冷凍空調装置に適用することができる。
本実施形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、図1に示すようなビル用マルチエアコン(多室型空気調和機)等の空気調和機として適用することができる。
本実施形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機として、例えば、図2に示すようなスクロール式の密閉型電動圧縮機を備えることができる。密閉型電動圧縮機は、図1に示すビル用マルチエアコン100の圧縮機3として利用することができる。
図3に示すように、アキュムレータ9は、本体を構成する容器40と、容器40内に冷媒を流入させる流入管41と、容器40内から冷媒ガスを流出させる流出管42と、混合液43の液面よりも上方に位置するように容器40内の上部に支持された仕切部材45と、を備えることができる。
図4に示すように、レシーバタンク6は、本体を構成する容器50と、容器50内に冷媒を流入させる流入管51と、容器50内から冷媒ガスを流出させる流出管52と、混合液53の液面よりも上方に位置するように容器50内の上部に支持された仕切部材54と、を備えることができる。
冷凍サイクル装置の冷媒としては、トリフルオロヨードメタン(CF3I)を含む混合冷媒を用いる。冷媒としては、ジフルオロメタン(HFC32)、ペンタフルオロエタン(HFC125)およびトリフルオロヨードメタン(CF3I)を含む混合冷媒を用いることが好ましい。混合冷媒は、これらの三成分のみを冷媒成分として含んでもよいし、これらの三成分以外に他の冷媒成分を含んでもよい。混合冷媒は、添加剤が添加されてもよいし、添加剤が添加されなくてもよい。
冷凍サイクル装置の冷凍機油としては、ポリオールエステル油(POE)や、ポリビニルエーテル油(PVE)を用いることができる。
吸着剤としては、例えば、トリフルオロメタン(CHF3)を吸着可能な細孔や極性を有する多孔質の材料を用いることができる。吸着剤としては、細孔の大きさが、トリフルオロメタンの有効径以下であり、トリフルオロヨードメタン等の冷媒成分、冷凍機油、添加剤等の有効径よりも大きいものが好ましい。すなわち、トリフルオロメタンを選択的に吸着して、トリフルオロメタンよりも大きいトリフルオロヨードメタン等の冷媒成分、冷凍機油、添加剤等を吸着し難いものが好ましい。
トリフルオロヨードメタン(CF3I)を含む混合冷媒と、種々の冷凍機油との組み合わせについて、トリフルオロメタン(CHF3)の生成量の傾向を評価するため、加熱による加速劣化試験を行った。
(記号PVE)ポリビニルエーテル油(アルコキシビニルの重合体でありアルコキシ基がエチルオキシ基およびイソブチルオキシ基である共重合体エーテル油、40℃における動粘度=66.8mm2/s)
加速劣化試験は、次の手順で行った。はじめに、洗浄した圧力容器(耐圧:最大20MPa、内容積:220mL)に、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(polytetrafluoroethylene:PTFE)容器を入れた。そして、このPTFE容器に、60gの冷凍機油と金属触媒を入れた。冷凍機油中の水分量(油中水分量)は、100重量ppm未満、または、500重量ppmに調節した。
トリフルオロメタン(CHF3)に対する吸着剤の性能を、混合冷媒の存在下において評価するため、吸着剤の種類毎の吸着試験を行った。
吸着試験は、次の手順で行った。はじめに、洗浄した圧力容器(耐圧:最大20MPa、内容積:220mL)に、PTFE容器を入れた。そして、このPTFE容器に、5gの吸着剤を入れた。続いて、吸着剤を入れた圧力容器を、100Pa以下に減圧して真空引きした後、8gの冷媒を導入して密閉した。そして、この圧力容器を、恒温槽に入れて、20℃で168時間にわたって放置した。
アキュムレータに吸着剤を配置した冷凍サイクル装置と、吸着剤を配置していない冷凍サイクル装置について、高速高負荷条件における3000時間の耐久試験を実施した。
2 室内機
3 圧縮機
4 四方弁
5 室外熱交換器(凝縮器/蒸発器)
6 レシーバタンク
7 ドライヤ(乾燥器)
8 室外膨張弁(減圧器)
9 アキュムレータ
10 室外送風機
11 室内熱交換器(蒸発器/凝縮器)
12 室内膨張弁(減圧器)
13 室内送風機
20 固定スクロール部材
20a 固定ラップ
21 旋回スクロール部材
21a 旋回ラップ
22 フレーム
23 クランクシャフト
24 モータ
25 密閉容器
26 圧縮室
27 吐出口
28 吐出パイプ
29 油孔
30 主軸受
31 副軸受
32 油溜め部
40 容器
41 流入管
41a 流入口
42 流出管
43 混合液
44 油戻し孔
45 仕切部材
46 吸着剤
50 容器
51 流入管
52 流出管
53 混合液
54 仕切部材
55 吸着剤
Claims (8)
- 冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、前記圧縮機で圧縮された冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮器と、前記凝縮器で凝縮された冷媒を減圧する減圧器と、前記減圧器で減圧された冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器と、前記蒸発器で蒸発した液滴を含む冷媒から液滴を分離して一時的に蓄えるアキュムレータと、冷媒中の水分を除去する乾燥器と、を備える冷凍サイクル装置であって、
前記冷媒は、トリフルオロヨードメタンを含む混合冷媒であって、25℃における蒸気圧が1.1MPa以上1.8MPa以下であり、
前記圧縮機は、密閉容器内に、圧縮機構部と、前記圧縮機構部を駆動するモータと、を備え、且つ、摺動部を潤滑する冷凍機油が充填されている密閉型電動圧縮機であり、
前記アキュムレータ内に、トリフルオロメタンを吸着する吸着剤を備える冷凍サイクル装置。 - 請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置において、
前記吸着剤が、前記アキュムレータ内に前記冷媒を流入させる流入口よりも上方に配置されている冷凍サイクル装置。 - 冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、前記圧縮機で圧縮された冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮器と、前記凝縮器で凝縮された冷媒を減圧する減圧器と、前記減圧器で減圧された冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器と、前記蒸発器で蒸発した液滴を含む冷媒から液滴を分離して一時的に蓄えるアキュムレータと、冷媒中の水分を除去する乾燥器と、余剰冷媒を調整するレシーバタンクと、を備える冷凍サイクル装置であって、
前記冷媒は、トリフルオロヨードメタンを含む混合冷媒であって、25℃における蒸気圧が1.1MPa以上1.8MPa以下であり、
前記圧縮機は、密閉容器内に、圧縮機構部と、前記圧縮機構部を駆動するモータと、を備え、且つ、摺動部を潤滑する冷凍機油が充填されている密閉型電動圧縮機であり、
前記レシーバタンク内に、トリフルオロメタンを吸着する吸着剤を備える冷凍サイクル装置。 - 請求項3に記載の冷凍サイクル装置において、
前記吸着剤が、前記レシーバタンク内の上部、または、前記アキュムレータ内に前記冷媒を流入させる流入口よりも上方に配置されている冷凍サイクル装置。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置において、
前記冷凍機油は、ポリオールエステル油である冷凍サイクル装置。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置において、
前記吸着剤は、酸化アルミニウムである冷凍サイクル装置。 - 請求項6に記載の冷凍サイクル装置において、
前記酸化アルミニウムがγ−アルミナである冷凍サイクル装置。 - 請求項7に記載の冷凍サイクル装置において、
前記γ−アルミナの比表面積が100m2/gを超える冷凍サイクル装置。
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JP2006162081A (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2006-06-22 | Hitachi Ltd | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
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