JP2021105315A - Casing, obstacle crushing method, and obstacle removal method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a casing capable of efficiently crushing or removing underground obstacles even in a tight space.SOLUTION: A casing K is to be embedded in the ground. The casing K includes at least a top casing 1 and a bottom casing 2 having a digging blade at a bottom thereof. The top casing has a lid 1a with the top closed, and has a water air supply unit 1b capable of supplying water, or, water and air to an inside from the lid. Obstacles are crushed or removed using the casing K.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a casing for crushing and removing obstacles such as concrete and steel frames buried in the ground when rebuilding a building structure, an obstacle crushing method, and an obstacle removing method. ..

In building structures such as buildings and condominiums, concrete and steel frames such as piles and walls are buried underground to support the load. When rebuilding these building structures, it is necessary to crush or remove the embedded obstacles such as concrete and steel frames.

Patent Document 1 describes a method of press-fitting a casing into the ground using an all-around rotating machine, crushing an obstacle with a bit provided at the lower end of the casing, and then removing the obstacle with a hammer club. ..

Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-75451

However, the method described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the all-around rotating machine is too large to be used at a site close to an adjacent building. Further, there is a problem that the excavation force of the casing may be weakened by the earth pressure, and it may take time to embed the casing in the ground.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and efficiently crush or remove obstacles in the ground even in a narrow space.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a casing embedded in the ground.
The casing comprises at least a top casing and a bottom casing with a drilling blade at the bottom.
The uppermost casing has a lid portion whose top surface is closed, and has a water or air supply portion capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid portion to the inside. Is to provide.

By using a casing having this configuration, water and air can be supplied from inside the casing to the earth pressure at the lower end to soften the soil and improve the excavation force of the casing. Therefore, a small excavator or the entire circumference can be used. The casing can be embedded with a rotating machine, and obstacles in the ground can be efficiently crushed even in a narrow space.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention is an obstacle crushing method for crushing an obstacle in the ground.
The most having an excavation blade at the lower end at the lower part of the uppermost casing having a lid on the top surface and a water / air supply part capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid to the inside. The casing preparation process to prepare the casing to which at least the lower casing is connected, and
It is provided with a crushing step of burying the casing in the ground while rotating it with an excavator and crushing obstacles in the ground.
The crushing step provides an obstacle crushing method characterized by supplying water or water and air from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing.

With this configuration, water and air can be supplied from inside the casing to the earth pressure at the lower end to soften the soil and improve the excavation force of the casing, so it can be embedded with a small excavator and a narrow space. However, it can efficiently crush obstacles in the ground.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention is an obstacle removing method for crushing an obstacle in the ground.
The most having an excavation blade at the lower end at the lower part of the uppermost casing having a lid on the top surface and a water / air supply part capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid to the inside. The casing preparation process to prepare the casing to which at least the lower casing is connected, and
A crushing process of crushing obstacles in the ground while burying the casing in the ground while rotating it with an excavator.
An obstacle removing step of inserting a hammer club by an excavator into the casing buried in the ground to grasp an obstacle and removing the obstacle from the ground is provided.
The crushing step provides a method for removing obstacles, which comprises supplying water or water and air from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing.

With this configuration, water and air can be supplied from inside the casing to the earth pressure at the lower end to soften the soil and improve the excavation force of the casing, so it can be embedded with a small excavator and a narrow space. However, it can efficiently crush and remove obstacles in the ground.

An intermediate casing may be connected between the uppermost casing and the lowermost casing of the casing to re-execute the crushing step and the obstacle removing step.

With this configuration, the casing can be embedded deep in the ground to crush and remove obstacles.

Since the casing, the obstacle crushing method, and the obstacle removing method of the present invention can improve the excavating force of the casing, it can be embedded with a small excavator, so that obstacles in the ground can be efficiently removed even in a narrow space. It can be crushed or removed.

It is a figure explaining the uppermost casing in Example 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining how water or water and air are supplied from the water-air supply part of the uppermost casing in Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the obstacle crushing method in Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the obstacle crushing method in Example 2 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the obstacle removal method in Example 3 of this invention.

Example 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an uppermost casing according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating how water or water and air are supplied from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the obstacle crushing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

(casing)
The casing K in the first embodiment has the uppermost casing 1 at the uppermost portion. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the uppermost casing 1 has a cylindrical shape (φ700 to 2300 mm), and a lid portion 1a is provided on the entire surface of the top surface to close the casing 1. Further, the lid portion 1a is provided with a water / air supply portion 1b so that the water W supplied by the water hose (not shown) can be supplied to the inside of the uppermost casing 1. Similarly, the air A supplied by the air hose (not shown) in the water / air supply unit 1b can be supplied to the inside of the uppermost casing 1. The water W and the air A supplied to the water / air supply unit 1b are mixed by the water / air supply unit 1b and supplied into the casing K. Further, the water W and the air A can be selected from the supply of only the water W or the supply of water and air by a control unit (not shown). Further, the drilling liquid (for example, bentonite) can be supplied from the water hose or the air hose to the inside of the uppermost casing 1 via the water / air supply unit 1b.

Here, the uppermost casing 1 is usually called a drainer, and the casing is connected under the drainer, but in the present invention, it is called the uppermost casing.

As shown in FIG. 1, a rotatable jig called a siebel is connected to the upper part of the uppermost casing 1, and the uppermost casing 1 is attached to the excavator 11 via the siebel 4 (FIG. 3). reference). The water hose and the air hose pass through the sebel 4 and the water / air supply unit 1b. An intermediate casing 3 (see FIG. 3) is connected to the lower part of the uppermost casing 1 by bolts, and a lowermost casing 2 (see FIG. 3) is connected to the lower part of the intermediate casing 3 by bolts. An excavation blade is provided at the lower end of the lowermost casing 2. The intermediate casing 3 is not essential and may not be connected if the underground depth to be excavated is shallow. At least the uppermost casing 1 and the lowermost casing 2 need only be connected. That is, the casing K in the present invention may or may not have one or more intermediate casings 3 connected between the uppermost casing 1 and the lowermost casing 2, and may or may not be connected to at least the uppermost casing 1. It suffices if the lowermost casing 2 is connected.

The water W and air A supplied from the water / air supply unit 1b of the uppermost casing 1 are supplied to the earth pressure at the lower end of the casing K to soften the soil, thereby improving the excavation force by the excavation blade at the lower end of the casing K. It can be efficiently embedded in the ground. Although a plurality of holes are formed on the side surface of the conventional casing for weight reduction, the uppermost casing 1, the lowermost casing 2, and the intermediate casing 3 in the first embodiment are casings originally used for pile driving. No holes are formed in the side surface portion of the ready-mixed concrete so that the ready-mixed concrete does not leak, and only the lower end of the lowermost casing 2 is opened. Therefore, the supplied water W and air A do not go out of the casing K, the soil at the lower end of the casing K can be efficiently softened, and the excavation force of the casing K can be improved. In particular, by supplying air in addition to water, gravel and the like can be blown up and the soil can be softened by a synergistic effect with water.

Here, the excavator 11 is a self-propellable excavator equipped with a high-torque excavator 4 (rotary head) and a drilling device having a large pushing force. By attaching the casing K to the excavator 11 and pushing the sebel 4 downward while rotating it, the casing K can be embedded in the ground, and if there is an obstacle such as concrete, it can be crushed by a large pushing force. .. Further, as described later, a crushing tool or a hammer club can be attached, and it is possible to crush an obstacle in the casing K and remove the crushed obstacle. Further, since the excavator 11 can be used for embedding due to the improved excavation force, it is possible to work in a narrow space as compared with the conventional all-around rotating machine, and the separation from the adjacent building and the boundary of the site is small. It can also be installed in place. In the first embodiment, the construction can be performed even if the distance is 1.5 m.

Conventionally, an all-around rotary machine has been used to crush obstacles by embedding a casing in the ground without supplying water or air. In that case, when the casing is rotated and embedded in the ground, the excavation force is weak and the obstacle may not be crushed efficiently. In addition, since a full-circle rotary machine is used, a large space is required and it is difficult to implement it in a place where the distance to the adjacent land is small. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, since water and air can be supplied into the uppermost casing 1, when the casing K is embedded in the ground, the soil at the lower end of the casing K is softened with water and air for excavation. By doing so, the excavation force is improved, and obstacles can be efficiently crushed and removed with a small excavator.

As the water W or air A supplied from the water / air supply unit 1b, it is possible to select only water W or water W and air A depending on the soil excavated in the casing K. For example, in the case of highly viscous soil, the effect of air is small, so only water W may be supplied.

(Obstacle crushing method)
The obstacle crushing method of Example 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 3A and 3B are diagrams for explaining the casing preparation process, and FIG. 3C is a diagram for explaining the crushing process.

First, the casing preparation step is carried out. In the casing preparation step, the lower part of the uppermost casing 1 having the lid portion 1a on the top surface and the water or water air supply portion 1b capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid portion 1a to the inside. In order to increase the excavation depth, a casing K is prepared in which the intermediate casing 3 is connected with a bolt, and the lowermost casing 2 having an excavation blade at the lower end is connected to the intermediate casing 3 with a bolt. Then, the casing K is attached to the excavator 11 via the excavator 4.

Here, the intermediate casing 3 is not always necessary, and is not necessary when the excavation depth is shallow. That is, at least the lowermost casing 2 may be connected to the uppermost casing 1. On the contrary, when the excavation depth is to be deepened, a plurality of intermediate casings 3 may be connected. In this case, a plurality of intermediate casings 3 may be connected from the beginning, but the intermediate casing 3 may be added later due to the height of the excavator 11. That is, once the crushing step described later is carried out by the casing K, only the uppermost casing 1 is separated while leaving the other casings in the ground, and the additional intermediate casing 3 is connected to the lower part of the uppermost casing 1. Then, it may be connected to the casing left in the ground.

Next, a crushing step is carried out. In the crushing step, the sebel 4 attached to the excavator 11 is rotated to press-fit the casing K into the ground while rotating it, and if there is an obstacle such as concrete or steel frame, it is crushed. At that time, in order to increase the excavation force of the casing K, water W and air A are supplied from the water / air supply unit 1b to soften the soil at the lower end of the casing K, thereby improving the excavation force and efficiently removing obstacles. Can be crushed. Conventionally, since the casing is embedded in the ground without supplying water or air, the excavation force of the casing is weak and it may take time to bury the casing in the ground. However, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the casing is embedded in the ground. This problem can be solved and the casing can be efficiently embedded in the ground to crush obstacles.

In addition, conventionally, it has been practiced in some cases to pipe water to the outside of the casing to supply water to the lower end of the casing from the outside. There is a problem that the excavation force of the casing is reduced due to the resistance to pressure. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the excavation force of the casing K can be efficiently improved by supplying water W or air A to the inside of the casing K.

Whether to supply both water W and air A or only one of them is selected depending on the soil to be excavated. That is, in the case of soil having a high viscosity, the effect of air is small, so only water W may be supplied. In other cases, water W and air A may be supplied. In particular, it is effective to supply water W and air A to the place where crushed rocks are deposited and the gravel layer.

Further, in the first embodiment, since the casing K is attached to the excavator 11 and embedded in the ground while supplying water and air, the casing K is adjacent to the excavator 11 as compared with the case where the conventional all-around rotating machine is installed and the casing is embedded. Even at a site close to a building or the like, the casing K can be efficiently embedded in the ground to crush obstacles. In the first embodiment, obstacles can be crushed even if the adjacent buildings are separated by about 1.5 m.

In the first embodiment, at least the lowermost casing 2 is connected to the uppermost casing 1, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be changed as appropriate. For example, when the drilling blade is provided at the lower end of the uppermost casing 1, it is not always necessary to connect the lowermost casing 2.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the casing is embedded in the ground.
The casing comprises at least a top casing and a bottom casing with a drilling blade at the bottom.
The uppermost casing has a lid portion whose top surface is closed, and has a water or air supply portion capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid portion to the inside. By using, water and air can be supplied from the inside of the casing to the earth pressure at the lower end to soften the soil and improve the excavation force of the casing. Can be embedded, and obstacles in the ground can be efficiently crushed even in a narrow space.

Further, in the first embodiment, it is an obstacle crushing method for crushing an obstacle in the ground.
The most having an excavation blade at the lower end at the lower part of the uppermost casing having a lid on the top surface and a water / air supply part capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid to the inside. The casing preparation process to prepare the casing to which at least the lower casing is connected, and
It is provided with a crushing step of attaching the casing to an excavator, burying it in the ground while rotating it, and crushing obstacles in the ground.
In the crushing step, water or air is supplied from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing to water or air with respect to the earth pressure at the lower end from the inside of the casing by an obstacle crushing method characterized by supplying water or water and air. Since it is possible to soften the soil and improve the excavation force of the casing, it can be embedded with a small excavator, and obstacles in the ground can be efficiently crushed even in a narrow space.

Example 2 of the present invention is different from Example 1 in that an in-casing crushing step is added to the obstacle crushing method in Example 1. The obstacle crushing method in Example 2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the obstacle crushing method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

4 (a) and 4 (b) show the casing preparation step, and FIG. 4 (c) shows the crushing step. Since the casing preparation step and the crushing step are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 4D shows a crushing step in the casing. That is, in the crushing step, when the casing K is embedded in the ground while supplying water or air to crush the obstacle B, and then the casing K is crushed but there is a large obstacle B, the casing crushing step is performed. To carry out. In the in-casing crushing step, the casing K (that is, the uppermost casing 1) is removed from the excavator 11 and a crushing tool 5 is attached instead. Then, the excavator 11 lowers the crusher 5 into the casing K. When the crusher 5 arrives at the obstacle B, the crusher 5 is rotated by rotating the excavator 11's excavator 4, and pressure is applied to the obstacle B to crush the crusher 5. The crusher 5 is composed of a large screw-like excavation blade, and the obstacle B is crushed by applying pressure while rotating.

The in-casing crushing step is not always necessary, and may be performed only when a large obstacle B is present in the casing K. Whether or not there is a large obstacle in the casing K may be investigated by sensing with a sensor or the like.

As described above, in the second embodiment, by carrying out the in-casing crushing step with the crushing tool, a large obstacle in the casing can be finely crushed.

Example 3 of the present invention is different from Example 1 and Example 2 in that an obstacle removing step of removing the crushed obstacle in the casing is added after crushing the obstacle in the ground. The obstacle removing method in the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method for removing obstacles in Example 3 of the present invention.

5 (a) shows a casing preparation step, FIG. 5 (b) shows a crushing step, FIG. 5 (c) shows an in-casing crushing step, and FIG. 5 (d) shows an obstacle removing step. First, the casing preparation step is carried out. In the casing preparation step, the lower part of the uppermost casing 1 having the lid portion 1a on the top surface and the water or water air supply portion 1b capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid portion 1a to the inside. In order to increase the excavation depth, an intermediate casing 3 is connected, and a casing K is prepared to which a lowermost casing 2 having an excavation blade at the lower end is connected. Then, the casing K is attached to the excavator 11 via the excavator 4.

Here, the intermediate casing 3 is not always necessary, and is not necessary when the excavation depth is shallow. That is, at least the lowermost casing 2 may be connected to the uppermost casing 1. On the contrary, when the excavation depth is to be deepened, a plurality of intermediate casings 3 may be connected. In this case, a plurality of intermediate casings 3 may be connected from the beginning, but the intermediate casing 3 may be added later due to the height of the excavator 11. That is, once, the crushing step and the obstacle removing step described later are carried out by the casing K, and then only the uppermost casing 1 is separated while leaving the other casings in the ground, and added to the lower part of the uppermost casing 1. The intermediate casing 3 may be connected so as to be connected to the casing left in the ground.

Next, a crushing step is carried out. In the crushing step, the sebel 4 attached to the excavator is rotated to press-fit the casing K into the ground while rotating it, and if there is an obstacle such as concrete or steel frame, it is crushed. At that time, in order to increase the excavation force of the casing K, water W and air A are supplied from the water / air supply unit 1b to soften the soil at the lower end of the casing K from inside the casing K, thereby improving the excavation force and making it efficient. Obstacles can be crushed. Conventionally, since the casing is embedded in the ground without supplying water or air, the excavation force of the casing is weak and it may take time to bury the casing in the ground. However, in the third embodiment of the present invention, the casing is embedded in the ground. This problem can be solved and the casing can be efficiently embedded in the ground to crush obstacles.

Whether to supply both water W and air A or only one of them is selected depending on the soil to be excavated. That is, in the case of soil having a high viscosity, the effect of air is small, so only water W may be supplied.

Further, in the third embodiment, since the casing K is attached to the excavator 11 and embedded in the ground while supplying water and air, it is adjacent to the case where the conventional all-around rotating machine is installed and the casing is embedded. Obstacles can be crushed by efficiently burying them in the ground with the casing K even at a site close to a building or the like. In the third embodiment, obstacles can be crushed even if the adjacent buildings are separated by about 1.5 m.

Next, the in-casing crushing step is carried out. That is, in the crushing step, after the casing K is embedded in the ground while supplying water or air to crush the obstacle B, and then the casing K is crushed but there is a large obstacle, the casing crushing step is performed. implement. In the casing crushing step, the casing K (that is, the uppermost casing 1) is removed from the excavator 11 while the casing K is left in the ground, and a crusher 5 is attached instead. Then, the excavator 11 lowers the crusher 5 into the casing K. When the crusher 5 arrives at the obstacle B, the crusher 5 is rotated by rotating the excavator 11's excavator 4, and pressure is applied to the obstacle B to crush the crusher 5. The crusher 5 is composed of a cutting blade like a large screw thread, and an obstacle is crushed by applying pressure while rotating.

The in-casing crushing step is not always necessary, and may be carried out when a large obstacle B is present in the casing K. Whether or not a large obstacle exists in the casing K may be checked by sensing with a sensor or the like, but it may be performed when the hammer club cannot grasp the obstacle B in the obstacle removing step described later. ..

Next, an obstacle removal step is carried out. In the obstacle removing step, the casing K or the crusher 5 attached to the excavator 11 is removed, and the hammer club 6 is attached. Then, the hammer club 6 is inserted into the casing K buried in the ground and lowered. When the hammer club 6 arrives at the crushed obstacle B, the obstacle B is grasped, pulled up to the ground, and placed in a predetermined place. The hammer club 6 includes a plurality of gripping claws, and the obstacle B can be gripped by closing the plurality of gripping claws.

In the third embodiment, at least the lowermost casing 2 is connected to the uppermost casing 1, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be changed as appropriate. For example, when the drilling blade is provided at the lower end of the uppermost casing 1, it is not always necessary to connect the lowermost casing 2.

As described above, in the third embodiment, it is an obstacle removing method for crushing an obstacle in the ground.
The most having an excavation blade at the lower end at the lower part of the uppermost casing having a lid on the top surface and a water / air supply part capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid to the inside. The casing preparation process to prepare the casing to which at least the lower casing is connected, and
A crushing step of attaching the casing to an excavator and burying it in the ground while rotating it and crushing obstacles in the ground.
A hammer club attached to an excavator is inserted into the casing buried in the ground to grasp an obstacle and remove the obstacle from the ground.
In the crushing step, water or air is supplied from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing to water or air with respect to the earth pressure at the lower end from the inside of the casing by an obstacle removing method characterized by supplying water or water and air. Since it is possible to soften the soil and improve the excavation force of the casing, it can be embedded with a small excavator, and obstacles in the ground can be efficiently crushed even in a narrow space.

The casing, obstacle crushing method, and obstacle removing method in the present invention can be widely used in the field of efficiently crushing or removing obstacles in the ground.

1: Top casing 1a: Lid 1b: Water / air supply
4: Excavator 5: Crusher 6: Hammer club 11: Excavator
B: Obstacle K: Casing
W: Water A: Air

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a casing embedded in the ground.
The casing comprises at least a top casing and a bottom casing with a drilling blade at the bottom.
The uppermost casing has a lid portion whose entire top surface is closed, and has a water / air supply portion capable of supplying water or water and air from the central portion of the lid portion to the inside. It is intended to provide a casing characterized by the fact that the casing is provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is an obstacle crushing method for crushing an obstacle in the ground.
The uppermost casing having a lid portion whose entire top surface is closed , and a water / air supply portion capable of supplying water or water and air so as to eject water from the central portion of the lid portion to the inside. A casing preparation step of preparing a casing having at least a lowermost casing having an excavation blade at the lower end connected to the lower part,
It is provided with a crushing step of burying the casing in the ground while rotating it with an excavator and crushing obstacles in the ground.
The crushing step provides an obstacle crushing method characterized by supplying water or water and air so as to be ejected from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention is an obstacle removing method for crushing an obstacle in the ground.
The uppermost casing having a lid portion whose entire top surface is closed , and a water / air supply portion capable of supplying water or water and air so as to eject water from the central portion of the lid portion to the inside. A casing preparation step of preparing a casing having at least a lowermost casing having an excavation blade at the lower end connected to the lower part,
A crushing process of crushing obstacles in the ground while burying the casing in the ground while rotating it with an excavator.
An obstacle removing step of inserting a hammer club by an excavator into the casing buried in the ground to grasp an obstacle and removing the obstacle from the ground is provided.
The crushing step provides a method for removing obstacles, which comprises supplying water or water and air so as to be ejected from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing.

Claims (4)

A casing that is embedded in the ground
The casing comprises at least a top casing and a bottom casing with a drilling blade at the bottom.
The uppermost casing has a lid portion whose top surface is closed, and has a water or air supply portion capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid portion to the inside. .. It is an obstacle crushing method that crushes obstacles in the ground.
The most having an excavation blade at the lower end at the lower part of the uppermost casing having a lid on the top surface and a water / air supply part capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid to the inside. The casing preparation process to prepare the casing to which at least the lower casing is connected, and
It is provided with a crushing step of burying the casing in the ground while rotating it with an excavator and crushing obstacles in the ground.
In the crushing step, an obstacle crushing method comprising supplying water or water and air from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing. It is an obstacle removal method that crushes obstacles in the ground.
The most having an excavation blade at the lower end at the lower part of the uppermost casing having a lid on the top surface and a water / air supply part capable of supplying water or water and air from the lid to the inside. The casing preparation process to prepare the casing to which at least the lower casing is connected, and
A crushing process of crushing obstacles in the ground while burying the casing in the ground while rotating it with an excavator.
An obstacle removing step of inserting a hammer club by an excavator into the casing buried in the ground to grasp an obstacle and removing the obstacle from the ground is provided.
The obstacle removing method, characterized in that, in the crushing step, water or water and air are supplied from the water / air supply unit of the uppermost casing. The obstacle removing method according to claim 3, wherein an intermediate casing is connected between the uppermost casing and the lowermost casing of the casing, and the crushing step and the obstacle removing step are executed again.

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