JP2021054774A - 好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制剤 - Google Patents
好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制剤 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
その一方で、好中球は様々な炎症病態に関わることが注目されている。
すなわち、好中球は、皮膚組織内で好中球エラスターゼを分泌する前に、血管内皮細胞に接着後、血管外へ浸潤し、皮膚組織内へ遊走する必要がある。
特許文献2には、GPR84アゴニストが好中球走化性を誘導すること、及び炎症性疾患に関与するプロセスであるGPRアゴニスト刺激性総丘性を阻害する化合物の同定のための方法が記載されている。
特許文献3には、好中球の遊走を促進するIL−8と結合する、抗IL−8抗体が記載されている。
本発明の好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制剤は、好中球の皮膚内への遊走を抑制する作用を有する。
ケモカイン(C−X−Cモチーフ)配位子(chemokine(C−X−C motif)ligand,CXCL−1)、インターロイキン−8(interleukin−8,IL−8)である。
このような、近年解明されてきたシワ形成のメカニズムに基づいて、エラスターゼやマトリクッスメタロプロテアーゼといったタンパク質分解酵素を阻害することによりシワ・タルミの形成を予防したり改善したりする研究がなされている。
本発明の組成物は、好中球エラスターゼの活性阻害作用に加え、好中球の皮膚組織内への遊走を抑制する作用を有するため、好中球エラスターゼの活性阻害作用と併せて、相乗的なシワ及び/又はたるみの予防及び改善作用を有する。
本発明の組成物の設計方法によれば、好中球遊走促進因子を構成するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子の発現量を指標とすることで、抗シワ作用、及び/又は抗タルミ作用を有する組成物を、簡便に設計することができる。
真皮線維芽細胞では、シワやたるみの原因となる外部刺激等により、前記好中球遊走促進遺伝子の発現量が増加することが知られているため、真皮線維芽細胞における前記遺伝子の発現量を指標とすることで、抗シワ作用、及び/又は抗タルミ作用の評価をより正確に行うことができる。
本発明の組成物は、好中球エラスターゼの活性を阻害する成分及び好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制成分の相乗効果により、より優れた、シワ及び/又はたるみの形成予防、又は改善作用を有する。
本発明の設計方法によれば、好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制作用を有する組成物を、簡便に設計することができる。
(1)好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制作用を有する成分
(A)シクロヘキシルグリセリンを含む形態
本発明の好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制剤(以下、単に遺伝子発現抑制剤という)の一態様としては、好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制作用を有する成分(以下、単に遺伝子発現抑制作用成分という)として、シクロヘキシルグリセリンを含む。
本発明者らは、シクロヘキシルグリセリンが好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現を抑制する作用を有することを見出した。
本発明の遺伝子発現抑制剤の一態様としては、遺伝子発現抑制作用成分としてスギナエキスを含む。
本明細書中においてスギナエキスとは、スギナの抽出物自体、抽出物の分画、精製した分画、及びこれら溶媒除去物等の総称を意味する。
スギナエキスは、化粧品等に配合されることがある成分であるが、好中球遊走因子の遺伝子発現を抑制する効果があることは今まで知られていなかった。
抽出後は、必要に応じて不溶物を除去する工程、及び減圧濃縮する工程を備えてもよい。
また、シリカゲルやイオン交換樹脂を充填したカラムクロマトグラフィー等によって分画精製してもよい。
また、本発明の遺伝子発現抑制剤は、上述したシクロヘキシルグリセリン及びスギナエキスを何れも含む形態が好ましい。
上記2つの成分を含む遺伝子発現抑制剤は、それぞれ単体で含む遺伝子発現抑制剤と比して、より優れた好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制効果を奏する。
好中球遊走促進因子とは、好中球が組織内に遊走することを促進する因子である。
また、シクロヘキシルグリセリン、及びスギナエキスの何れも含む遺伝子発現抑制剤においては、CXCL−1の遺伝子発現抑制作用が顕著に増大する。
真皮線維芽細胞は、好中球が真皮組織内へ遊走するための遊走促進因子を分泌するため、当該細胞における好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現を抑制することで、効果的な好中球遊走阻害作用を得ることができる。
本発明の遺伝子発現抑制剤は、製剤化に用いられる任意の成分と適宜組み合わせて、外用剤又は経口剤の形態とすることが好ましい。
外用剤としては、皮膚外用剤が好ましく、例えば、化粧料、医薬部外品、皮膚外用医薬等の形態が挙げられる。また、それらの剤形は特に制限されない。
化粧料としては、水性化粧料、水中油(O/W)型の化粧料、油中水(W/O)型の化粧料、又は油性化粧料が好ましく例示できる。
本発明の遺伝子発現抑制剤は、好中球遊走に起因する種々の症状、疾患に対する予防、又は改善剤として用いることができる。
抗シワ剤及び/又は抗たるみ剤の補助剤として用いる場合も、継続的に使用可能な化粧料の形態が好ましい。
本発明の遺伝子発現抑制剤を化粧料として用いる場合には、前述した成分に加え、美白成分、シワ及び/又はたるみ改善成分、抗炎症成分等を配合することができる。
水溶性の美白成分としては、例えば、4−n−ブチルレゾルシノール、アスコルビン酸グルコシド、3−О−エチルアスコルビン酸、トラネキサム酸、エラグ酸、アルブチン、ニコチン酸アミド、パントテニルアルコール等が挙げられる。
油溶性の美白成分としては、1−トリフェニルメチルピペリジン、1−トリフェニルメチルピロリジン、2−(トリフェニルメチルオキシ)エタノール、2−(トリフェニルメチルアミノ)エタノール、2−(トリフェニルメチルオキシ)エチルアミン、トリフェニルメチルアミン、トリフェニルメタノール、トリフェニルメタン及びアミノジフェニルメタン、N−(o−トルオイル)システイン酸、N−(m−トルオイル)システイン酸、N−(p−トルイル)システイン酸、N−(p−メトキシベンゾイル)システイン酸等が挙げられる。更にその他の美白成分として、N−ベンゾイル−セリン、N−(p−メチルベンゾイル)セリン、N−(p−エチルベンゾイル)セリン、N−(p−メトキシベンゾイル)セリン、N−(p−フルオロベンゾイル)セリン、N−(p−トリフルオロメチルベンゾイル)セリン、N−(2−ナフトイル)セリン、N−(4−フェニルベンゾイル)セリン、N−(p−メチルベンゾイル)セリンメチルエステル、N−(p−メチルベンゾイル)セリンエチルエステル、N−(2−ナフトイル)セリンメチルエステル、N−ベンゾイル−O−メチルセリン、N−(p−メチルベンゾイル)−O−メチルセリン、N−(p−メチルベンゾイル)−O−アセチルセリン、N−(2−ナフトイル)−O−メチルセリン等が好ましく例示できる。
化粧料中における抗炎症成分の含有量は、通常0.01〜30質量%であり、0.1〜10質量%が好ましく、1〜5質量%がより好ましい(抽出物の場合は乾燥質量)。
食品中における前記任意の動植物抽出物の含有量(乾燥質量)は、通常0.01〜80質量%であり、0.1〜50質量%が好ましく、1〜30質量%がより好ましい。
本発明は、好中球が炎症性因子による刺激に応答し皮膚組織内へ到達する際、皮膚組織内を遊走するという特徴に着目し、好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現量を好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制作用の指標とする、組成物の設計方法にも関する。
好中球遊走促進因子をコードする遺伝子の発現量は、任意の方法を用いて測定することができる。例として、好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子配列に特異的なプライマーを用いて、mRNA発現量を定量的に測定する方法が挙げられる。mRNA発現量の測定方法としては、リアルタイムPCR法を用いた定量方法が好適に例示できる。
真皮線維芽細胞では、外部刺激によって、前記好中球遊走促進因子のCXCL−1、及びIL−8が顕著に増加する。したがって、真皮線維芽細胞におけるCXCL−1、及びIL−8のmRNA発現量を測定することで、好中球の遊走抑制作用について、より正確に評価することができる。
(1)好中球エラスターゼ活性阻害成分
また、本発明は、上述したシクロヘキシルグリセリン、及び/又はスギナエキス、並びに好中球エラスターゼ活性阻害成分を含む組成物に関する。
前記R2及びR3は、それぞれ独立に、好ましいものを具体的に挙げれば、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec−ブチル基、tert−ブチル基等が好適に例示出来、より好ましくは、イソプロピル基が好適に例示できる。
ヒト正常真皮線維芽細胞を、10%FBS/DMEM培地で24穴プレートに1000μL/ウェルとなるように播種し、37℃、5%CO2環境下で24時間培養した。
播種24時間後、シクロヘキシルグリセリン(「アデカノール CHG」株式会社ADEKA製)及びスギナエキス(「スギナ抽出液UK−P」丸善製薬株式会社製)をそれぞれ添加したサンプル(シクロヘキシルグリセリン:最終濃度0.05質量%、スギナエキス:最終濃度1質量%)と、両成分を添加したサンプル(シクロヘキシルグリセリン:最終濃度0.05質量%、スギナエキス:最終濃度1質量%)を調製した。
QuantiTecT SYBR Green RT−PCR Kit(QIAGEN株式会社製)を用いてRT−PCRを行い、各サンプルにおいて、CXCL−1のmRNA発現量、及びIL−8のmRNA発現量、並びに、内在性コントロールであるTBPのmRNA発現量を測定した。
各サンプルにおける、CXCL−1、及びIL−8のmRNA発現量を、TBPのmRNA発現量で除した値を求め、各サンプルのmRNA発現量とした。結果を図1、及び図2に示す。
さらに、図1に示す通り、シクロヘキシルグリセリン及びスギナエキスを添加したサンプルは、CXCL−1の発現量が無添加群と比べて約18%まで減少することがわかる。
この結果から、シクロヘキシルグリセリン及びスギナエキスは、何れも好中球遊走促進因子であるCXCL−1の遺伝子発現を抑制する効果を有しており、これらの成分を組み合わせることで、相乗的な遺伝子発現抑制効果を奏することがわかる。
この結果から、シクロヘキシルグリセリン、及びスギナエキスは何れも好中球遊走促進因子であるIL−8の遺伝子発現を抑制する効果を有しているが、これらの成分を組み合わせても、相乗的な効果が得られないことがわかる。
この結果から、好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制効果を有する成分を単に2種以上組み合わせるだけでは、当業者が期待する相乗効果を得ることはできず、上記効果を有する成分の中から、相乗効果を奏する成分を適切に選択する必要があることが示唆された。
Claims (8)
- シクロヘキシルグリセリン、及び/又はスギナエキスを有効成分とする、好中球遊走促進因子の遺伝子発現抑制剤。
- 前記好中球遊走促進因子が、真皮線維芽細胞における好中球遊走促進因子であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の遺伝子発現抑制剤。
- 前記好中球遊走促進因子が、ケモカイン(C−X−Cモチーフ)配位子(chemokine(C−X−C motif)ligand,CXCL−1)、インターロイキン−8(interleukin−8,IL−8)であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の遺伝子発現抑制剤。
- 好中球エラスターゼの活性を阻害する成分を含む抗シワ剤及び/又は抗たるみ剤の補助剤として用いることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の遺伝子発現抑制剤。
- シクロヘキシルグリセリン、及び/又はスギナエキス、並びに好中球エラスターゼの活性を阻害する成分を含むことを特徴とする、組成物。
- 細胞における好中球遊走促進因子を構成するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子の発現量を指標とする、組成物の設計方法であって、
被験物質を添加した細胞における前記遺伝子の発現量が、被験物質を添加しなかった細胞における該遺伝子の発現量と比較して小さい場合に、前記被験物質は抗シワ作用、及び/又は抗たるみ作用を有すると判定する工程と、抗シワ作用、及び/又は抗たるみ作用を有すると判定された物質を組成物に配合する工程を備える、組成物の設計方法。 - 前記細胞が、真皮線維芽細胞であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の設計方法。
- 前記組成物が化粧料である、請求項6又は7に記載の設計方法。
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