JP2021054112A - Amphibious shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a floating-type shelter capable of traveling on a road and of using even during normal times.SOLUTION: A shelter 1 comprises a floater bogie 10, a body 30, and a protruding floater 50. The body 30 is fixed to the floater bogie 10 and the protruding floater 50 is inserted in the floater bogie 10. The shelter 1 protrudes the protruding floater 50 in the direction (a right angle direction R) perpendicular to a straight direction S (the direction in which a towing vehicle goes straight) when it rises above the water surface, and inflates an inflatable balloon 51 upward. In this state, an upper surface 12a of a deck part 12 is located above a waterline L. Also a door 31 is located above the waterline L likewise.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

It relates to an amphibious shelter that can run on the road by towing a towing vehicle and can ascend to the surface of the water.

In order to protect lives from a huge tsunami, it is one of the effective means for disaster prevention to evacuate to a hill quickly. However, in the event of a Tokai, Tonankai, and Nankai earthquake, it is predicted that there will be areas where a 30m tsunami will strike in just 5 minutes after the earthquake, and evacuation to high ground in such a short time. It is extremely difficult to do. As a solution, a floating shelter that can float on the surface of the water has been proposed.

According to the invention of Patent Document 1, a tsunami evacuation shelter capable of suspending the shelter body when a tsunami arrives and returning the shelter body to a place close to the original place after the tsunami has passed is provided. It is disclosed. Specifically, it is equipped with a shelter body that can accommodate evacuees and can float on water, and the shelter body is connected to a connecting member for drift prevention fixed on the ground to raise the water level. It is a floating shelter characterized in that the length of protrusion from the ground increases with it and the length of protrusion from the ground decreases as the water level drops.

According to the invention of Patent Document 2, it can be purchased in many homes, placed in a corner of the garden, and evacuated to a lightweight and strong capsule in the event of a flood to evacuate from flood damage such as a tsunami. Inexpensive evacuation life-saving capsules that enable it are disclosed. Specifically, the capsule body, which is generally box-shaped and has a constricted lower part, is integrally molded with resin to construct a framework for covering the upper part of the capsule body with a tarpaulin cover. A floating shelter with a space for at least four adults to sit while holding their knees, a seat belt, and a weight and a pedestal with casters at the bottom of the capsule body. Is.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-74385 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-58296

However, the floating shelter disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is not premised on traveling on a road. Therefore, in order to install it at a predetermined installation location, it is necessary to take measures such as installing a separate foundation. In addition, the evacuation space is small, and it is considered to be used only in the event of a disaster, and is not supposed to be used in normal times.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to these problems, and provides a floating shelter that can travel on a road and can be used even in a normal time.

The invention for solving the above problems is an amphibious shelter, which includes a floater carriage that has wheels and can float on the water surface, and a body that is fixed to the floater carriage, and the floater carriage and the body are fixed. The feature is that it can travel on the road by towing a towing vehicle and can ascend to the surface of the water.

According to this configuration, since it can travel on the road by towing a towing vehicle, it can be easily installed in various places depending on the situation, and it can also be used as a camper in normal times. In addition, by installing it near the place of residence, for example, in the garden of the home, it is possible to evacuate in a short time in the event of a disaster. In addition, since it can surface on the water, it is possible to evacuate even if a tsunami occurs.

Preferably, when the amphibious shelter rises above the surface of the water, the door provided on the body is located above the waterline.

According to this configuration, since the door provided on the body is located above the water line, the door can be easily opened and closed without being affected by the water pressure, and it becomes easy to escape to the external space.

Preferably, the floater carriage has a deck portion for moving the door back and forth, and the upper surface of the deck portion is located above the waterline.

According to this configuration, the floater carriage has a deck portion for going back and forth between the doors, and since the upper surface of the deck portion is located above the waterline, it is possible to escape to the external space via a deck with a good foothold.

Preferably, it is provided with a protruding floater that protrudes in a direction perpendicular to the straight-ahead direction to further raise the amphibious shelter above the surface of the water.

Since the length of the amphibious shelter in the width direction is restricted by the restriction of the lane width, the length in the straight direction must be set shorter than the length in the straight direction. Therefore, when ascending to the surface of the water, it is assumed that the amphibious shelter will roll around the axis in the straight direction due to the influence of the waves and lack stability. However, according to this configuration, the protruding floater protrudes in the direction perpendicular to the straight-ahead direction, so that rolling can be suppressed. In addition, the projecting gives an ascending force to the surface of the water, allowing the amphibious shelter to rise further above the surface of the water.

Preferably, the protruding floater is housed inside a floater carriage.

When towing on the road with a tow vehicle, the height of the amphibious shelter is limited. For example, in Japan, it is limited by the restrictions on building limits stipulated by the Road Structure Ordinance. However, according to this configuration, since the protruding floater is housed inside the floater carriage, the height of the internal space of the body can be set high. As a result, a large evacuation space can be secured.

Preferably, the protruding floater has an inflatable balloon that inflates when protruding.

According to this configuration, the protruding floater has an inflatable balloon that inflates when it protrudes, thus imparting greater ascending force to the amphibious shelter.

Preferably, the inflatable balloon is inflated by filling with an inert gas.

According to this configuration, since the inflatable balloon is filled with the inert gas, the explosion of the inflatable balloon due to the tsunami fire can be avoided.

Preferably, the inflatable balloon is inflated by filling with urethane foam.

According to this configuration, since the inflatable balloon is filled with urethane foam, the inflatable balloon does not burst and contract due to the collision of drifting objects during a tsunami. In addition, it functions as a cushion to cushion the impact caused by the collision of drifting objects, and can protect the body.

Preferably, the protruding floater is provided with a water stop plate to prevent water from entering the inside of the floater carriage when protruding.

According to this configuration, the water stop plate prevents water from entering the inside, so that the floater carriage can maintain a predetermined ascending force.

Preferably, the protruding floater is provided with a restraining mechanism behind the water stop plate for smoothing the protrusion and suppressing the displacement.

According to this configuration, the protruding floater whose protrusion is hindered by water pressure can be smoothly projected, and the deformation of the protruding floater to which a large force is applied by the wave force can be suppressed.

(A) is a side view explaining a state of traveling on a road by towing a towing vehicle. (B) is a side view for explaining the state of being installed on land. (A) is a side view for explaining the state of floating on the water surface. (B) is the front view of the same. It is a top view explaining the protruding floater. It is a front view explaining the protruding floater. It is a side sectional view explaining the state which used the traveling chain as a projectting device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the amphibious shelter 1 (hereinafter referred to as shelter 1) includes a floater carriage 10, a body 30, and a protruding floater 50. The body 30 is fixed to the floater carriage 10, and the protruding floater 50 is interpolated in the floater carriage 10.

When the shelter 1 travels on the road, as shown in FIG. 1A, the fulcrum 14 provided on the floater carriage 10 is rotatably connected to the towing vehicle 2. As a result, the shelter 1 can be towed by the towing vehicle 2 and travel on the road. Since roads are constructed according to certain structural standards, "general limit values" are set for the size of vehicles passing through the road from the viewpoint of protecting the structure of the road and preventing traffic danger. For example, the "general limit value" in Japan is 2.5 m in width, 12.0 m in length, and 3.8 m in height. When transporting the shelter 1 by land, it is preferable to be able to travel on the road without obtaining special permission, that is, to comply with the "general limit value". Therefore, it is preferable that the external dimensions of the shelter 1 in the present embodiment fall within the "general limit value".

When the shelter 1 is installed on land, a foundation 20 and stairs 21 are separately provided as shown in FIG. 1 (b). The shelter 1 can be stably placed on the ground by being supported by the foundation 20 and the wheels 13. Further, by connecting the stairs 21 to the deck portion 12, smooth traffic to and from the door 31 can be ensured.

When the shelter 1 floats on the surface of the water, as shown in FIGS. Inflates the inflatable balloon 51 upward. In this state, the upper surface 12a of the deck portion 12 is located above the waterline L. Similarly, the door 31 is also located above the waterline L.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the floater carriage 10 has a support portion 11 for fixing the body 30, a deck portion 12 located on the upper front side of the support portion 11 and for moving back and forth between the doors 31, and wheels 13. doing. Openings 10a through which the protruding floater 50 can pass are provided on both side surfaces of the support portion 11. With the protruding floater 50 housed in the floater carriage 10, the opening 10a is closed by the front plate 52a. As a result, a closed space having a weight per empty volume lighter than that of water is defined in the support portion 11. The deck portion 12 is a structure provided with a closed space, and the weight per empty volume is set to be lighter than that of water.

The bogie used for towing is generally a steel frame structure that cannot float on the water surface, but the floater bogie 10 can levitate on the water surface by itself. The support portion 11 and the deck portion 12 are preferably a multi-chamber structure composed of a plurality of small rooms provided with closed spaces. As a result, the strength and rigidity can be increased.

The wheels 13 are for supporting the shelter 1 when traveling on the road by the towing of the towing vehicle 2 and being installed on the ground, and are provided below the support portion 11. Further, a fulcrum 14 is provided on the lower side in front of the support portion 11. By rotatably connecting the fulcrum 14 to the towing vehicle 2, the towing vehicle 2 can be towed.

The body 30 is provided with a door 31 on the front surface (front surface in the direction S in the straight direction) and windows 32 on both side surfaces, and is laminated and fixed to the support portion 11. The body 30 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box, and the inside becomes an evacuation space 100 in the event of a disaster. Further, it can be used as a moving space when towed by the towing vehicle 2, and as a living space, an office, or the like in a normal state. Further, solar panels may be arranged on the roof and the wall surface.

It is preferable that the body 30 and the floater carriage 10 are separable. This facilitates repair when damaged. Further, the body 30 can be used independently as an evacuation facility or the like.

The door 31 is a hinged door that can rotate in the direction of the external space 110, and is provided adjacent to the deck portion 12 in a state of being located above the upper surface 12a. As a result, it becomes easy to move to and from the deck portion 12 and the evacuation space 100 via the door 31. In addition, packing for ensuring watertightness is provided in an annular shape on the outer peripheral portion.

The window 32 is made of bulletproof glass provided with a shutter. As a result, damage can be avoided even if the drifting objects of the tsunami collide.

The protruding floater 50 is interpolated in the floater carriage 10. As described above, the height of the shelter 1 is restricted when traveling on the road, but by interpolating the protruding floater 50 into the floater carriage 10, the total structural height of the protruding floater 50 and the floater carriage 10 is high. Can be lowered. As a result, the height of the evacuation space 100 can be set high.

When the shelter 1 floats on the water surface, the expansion balloon 51 is filled with urethane foam in a state where the protruding portion 52 protrudes in the direction R perpendicular to the towing vehicle 2 as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). To. As a result, the expansion balloon 51 expands upward, and an ascending force due to buoyancy is applied to the shelter 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, a jack 61 is used as a projecting device for projecting the projecting portion 52. One end of the jack 61 is fixed to the partition wall 15, and the other end is connected to the water stop plate 53. By extending the cylinder 61a of the jack 61, the protruding portion 52 protrudes in the direction R at right angles. A total of six jacks 61 are arranged, three on each side. The three jacks 61 are arranged one at each end of the floater carriage 10 and one at the middle.

Four inflatable balloons 51 are interpolated in the protrusion 52. The inflatable balloon 51 has a bellows structure that expands and contracts in the vertical direction, and as shown in FIG. 4, urethane foam is supplied from a cylinder 57 arranged in the evacuation space 100 and filled inside the inflatable balloon 51 to move upward. It expands toward.

Since urethane foam has a lower density than water, an ascending force due to buoyancy is generated when the expansion balloon 51 is located below the waterline L. Further, since it has a predetermined cushioning performance, it is possible to alleviate the collision force of a drifting object due to an impact, for example, a tsunami.

Due to the "general limit value" described above, the shelter 1 is largely restricted in width as compared to length. Therefore, when it floats on the water surface, it easily rolls around the axis in the straight direction S direction and capsizes. In the present embodiment, by projecting the projecting portion 52, the length of the shelter 1 in the width direction can be increased, so that rolling can be suppressed and capsizing can be avoided. Further, since the urethane foam of the expansion balloon 51 serves as a cushion and protects the body 30, it is possible to avoid damage to the body 30 when a drifting object of a tsunami collides with it.

When the shelter 1 floats on the water surface, the buoyancy of the expansion balloon 51 is added to the buoyancy caused by the hollow portion of the support portion 11, and the shelter 1 is given an ascending force due to the buoyancy. Located above. As a result, the door 31 can be easily opened and closed without being affected by the water pressure, and free movement to and from the deck portion 12 is ensured. It is preferable that the upper surface of the expansion balloon 51 substantially coincides with the waterline L. As a result, the ascending force due to buoyancy can be efficiently applied.

In the present embodiment, the expansion balloon 51 is expanded by filling it with urethane foam, but it may be expanded by filling it with an inert gas. In this case, the filling time can be shortened as compared with the filling of urethane foam. Further, the expansion balloon 51 cannot be reused when it is filled with urethane foam, but it can be reused by removing the inert gas when it is filled with an inert gas.

A guide portion 54 is fixed to the rear of the protruding portion 52 in the protruding direction via a water blocking plate 53. The water stop plate 53 is for stopping water entering through the opening 10a, and is a flat plate that covers the opening range of the opening 10a. In addition, packing for ensuring watertightness is provided in an annular shape.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the front roller 55 is fixed to the upper end and the lower end on the front side of the guide portion 54, and the rear roller 56 is fixed to the upper end and the lower end on the rear side.

The guide portion 54 is divided into two at the central portion. A jack 61 is arranged in the space created by the division. Each of the divided members is a square cylinder, and one end thereof is fixed to the water stop plate 53. Further, the inside of the square cylinder is stiffened by the stiffening rib 54a.

The restraining mechanism 70 has a front roller 55, a rear roller 56, an upper rail 63, and a lower rail 64. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, four rows of upper rails 63 are provided on the upper plate 16 of the floater carriage 10, and four rows of lower rails 64 are provided on the lower plate 17 along the right-angled direction R. The front roller 55 and the rear roller 56 move along the upper rail 63 and the lower rail 64 with rotation, so that the protruding portion 52 can smoothly move in the right-angled R direction.

When the expansion balloon 51 expands upward, a vertical force is applied to the protrusion 52 by the wave force. As a result, the protruding portion 52 is displaced in the vertical direction, and the guide portion 54 tends to be displaced in the direction opposite to the protruding portion 52 accordingly. Specifically, when the protruding portion 52 is displaced upward, the guide portion 54 tends to be displaced downward, and when the protruding portion 52 is displaced downward, the guide portion 54 tends to be displaced upward.

The front roller 55 and the rear roller 56 restrain the movement of the guide portion 54 to be displaced in the vertical direction. Specifically, when the guide portion 54 is about to be displaced upward, the front roller 55 presses the lower rail 64 and the rear roller 56 presses the upper rail 63, so that the displacement of the guide portion 54 is constrained. Will be done. When the guide portion 54 tries to be displaced downward, the displacement of the guide portion 54 is constrained by the same mechanism. As a result, the protruding floater 50 is firmly fixed to the floater carriage 10 with the protruding portion 52 protruding.

The embodiment of the present invention is an example, and it goes without saying that the embodiment can be modified without exceeding the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in the present embodiment, the jack 61 is used as the projecting device, but as shown in FIG. 5, the traveling chain 210 may be arranged at the same place where the jack 61 is arranged. Specifically, the motor 201 is fixed to the partition wall 15, the gear 202 is fixed to the upper plate 16, the chain 203 is bridged between the motor 201 and the gear 202, and the chain 203 is guided via the connection fitting 204. Connect to unit 54. By driving the motor 201, the chain 203 moves in the direction R at right angles with rotation. Along with this, the protruding floater 50 connected to the chain 203 moves in the direction R in the perpendicular direction.

Further, in the present embodiment, the expansion balloon is inserted in the protruding portion, but the configuration may not have the expansion balloon. The ascending force due to buoyancy is inferior to that when an inflatable balloon is inserted, but the cost can be reduced.

Further, the protruding floater may be laminated and fixed on the floater carriage, and the body may be laminated and fixed on the floating floater. Due to the restrictions of the "general limit value", the height of the internal space of the body cannot be increased, but maintenance is easy and further cost reduction can be achieved.

Further, although a total of two projecting floaters are arranged, one on each side, a plurality of projecting floaters may be provided on one side.

Since the shelter according to the present invention can travel on the road by towing a towing vehicle, it can be used as a camper at all times. In addition, since it is possible to evacuate immediately when a tsunami strikes, it can also be used as a site office used for coastal construction. In this way, since it can be used for multiple purposes, it has great industrial applicability.

1: Shelter 2: Towing vehicle 10: Floater carriage 12: Deck part 30: Body 31: Door 50: Protruding floater 51: Expansion balloon 53: Water stop plate 70: Suppression mechanism L: Water line S: Straight direction R: Right angle direction

Invention for solving the above problems includes a vehicle wheel, a floater carriage can floating on the water surface, comprising a body fixed to the floater carriage, with the floater bogie and the body is fixed, the traction of the tractor It is an amphibious shelter that can travel on a road and float on the water surface, and is characterized by being provided with a protruding floater that projects in a direction perpendicular to the straight-ahead direction and further raises the amphibious shelter on the water surface.

According to this configuration, since it can travel on the road by towing a towing vehicle, it can be easily installed in various places depending on the situation, and it can also be used as a camper in normal times. In addition, by installing it near the place of residence, for example, in the garden of the home, it is possible to evacuate in a short time in the event of a disaster. In addition, since it can surface on the water, it is possible to evacuate even if a tsunami occurs.
Since the length of the amphibious shelter in the width direction is restricted by the restriction of the lane width, the length in the straight direction must be set shorter than the length in the straight direction. Therefore, when ascending to the surface of the water, it is assumed that the amphibious shelter will roll around the axis in the straight direction due to the influence of the waves and lack stability. However, according to this configuration, the protruding floater protrudes in the direction perpendicular to the straight-ahead direction, so that rolling can be suppressed. In addition, the projecting gives an ascending force to the surface of the water, allowing the amphibious shelter to rise further above the surface of the water.

Claims (10)

A floater trolley that has wheels and can float on the surface of the water,
With a body fixed to the floater carriage,
An amphibious shelter characterized in that it can travel on a road by towing a towing vehicle and can ascend to the surface of the water with the floater carriage and the body fixed. The amphibious shelter according to claim 1, wherein when the amphibious shelter floats on the surface of the water, the door provided on the body is located above the waterline. The floater carriage has a deck portion for going back and forth between the doors.
The amphibious shelter according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the deck portion is located above the waterline. The amphibious shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a protruding floater that projects in a direction perpendicular to the straight-ahead direction to further raise the amphibious shelter onto the surface of the water. The amphibious shelter according to claim 4, wherein the protruding floater is housed inside the floater carriage. The amphibious shelter according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the protruding floater has an inflatable balloon that expands when protruding. The amphibious shelter according to claim 6, wherein the inflatable balloon is inflated by filling with an inert gas. The amphibious shelter according to claim 6, wherein the inflatable balloon is inflated by filling with urethane foam. The amphibious shelter according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the protruding floater is provided with a water blocking plate for preventing water from entering the inside of the floater carriage when protruding. .. The amphibious shelter according to claim 9, wherein the protruding floater is provided with a restraining mechanism behind the water blocking plate for smoothing the protrusion and suppressing displacement.

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