JP2021045089A - Attraction method of natural enemy insect to crop, and humidity generating blower module for attraction - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for separating natural enemy insects easily as the need arises from a natural enemy-preserving plant where natural enemy insects settle, and attracting the insects to crops; and to provided a humidity generating blower module used at the attraction time.SOLUTION: A method for attracting natural enemy insects to crops has ; first of all, step I for introducing a natural enemy-preserving plant near crops; secondly, step II for introducing, or naturally generating natural enemy insects that can parasitize it to the natural enemy-preserving plant; thirdly, step III for sending high humidity air to the natural enemy-preserving plant; and fourthly, step IV for sending high humidity air to the natural enemy-preserving plant, to thereby move the natural enemy insects to the crops. A humidity generating blower module used at the attraction time is also provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

In constructing a control system using natural enemy insects, this invention establishes natural enemy insects (predatory insects) in the natural enemy-preserving plants in which they can survive, and blows humid air to the natural enemy-preserving plants when necessary. It relates to a method of alienating insects from natural enemy-preserving plants and attracting them to agricultural products, and a humidity generating blower for quoting.

Damage to crops caused by pests such as whiteflies, aphids, and thrips is enormous, and chemical control, biological control, and physical control have been proposed as countermeasures. Organophosphorus agents, carbamate agents, synthetic pyrethroid agents, etc. are used as drugs, but there are also problems that cannot be used frequently because some drugs have a risk of developing resistance and have harmful effects on humans and animals. As an alternative to, the use of pest repellents has been proposed.

As a repellent, glycerin fatty acid ester is used as an active ingredient, and Provid Jasmon is used as an active ingredient.

As a biological control, there is a biopesticide that uses natural enemy insects, and it is a system that preys on pests. One of them is the bunker method, which prepares insects that are harmless to crops as food, maintains and propagates natural enemies, and continuously preys on them for a long period of time regardless of the amount of pests, and makes the natural enemy function function. It is a thing.
In addition, as physical control, a vibrating machine is used to vibrate crops such as mushrooms and fruits to control pests.

As mentioned above, chemical control, biological control, physical control, etc. have been proposed to control agricultural pests, but drugs tend to be withheld because they develop resistance and have harmful effects on humans and animals. Yes, therefore repellents have been developed, but some repellents have a negative effect on crop growth, and those that give vibration as physical control should be installed in a large cultivation house. In some cases, it becomes a large device and has a drawback of high cost.

In the "bunker method" that employs natural enemy insects, it is difficult to match the timing of the growth of agricultural pests with the growth of natural enemy insects. To make up for that shortcoming, pests are generated by introducing natural enemy insects (for example, Bemisia tabaci) into the facility at the same time as sesame, scaevola, verbena, and creome, which are plants that allow survival (called natural enemy-preserving plants). Even if it is not, technology that can preserve natural enemy insects has been developed. However, since natural enemy insects can survive by eating pollen, nectar, or sap of plants that preserve natural enemies, even if agricultural pests occur in the crops, the movement from the natural enemy-preserving plants to the crops is slow. Had a drawback.
In addition, white clover and marigold have been used as natural enemy-preserving plants of wild stink bugs that naturally occur in open-field cultivation, but this also has the drawback of slow movement from natural enemy-preserving plants to the crops. I had.

For this measure, for example, a technique has been developed in which purple light is used to attract agricultural pests to live crops (Patent Document 1). As a means for irradiating purple light for attraction, it is preferable to use a light emitting diode from the viewpoint of attracting or fixing efficiency of predatory insects, energy saving, etc., and heat generation can be suppressed from a small amount of power consumption, and attracting or fixing. It is possible to prevent the death of predatory insects.
In addition, a technique has been developed in which a repellent for natural enemy insects is sprayed on natural enemy-preserving plants to attract agricultural pests to living crops (Patent Document 2).

International release 2017/022333 JP-A-2019-064961

As one aspect of irradiating purple light to attract or colonize predatory insects (natural enemy insects) to crops, a light source of purple light is installed in a cultivation facility, and the number of light sources in the cultivation facility is, for example, The number is preferably 100 to 10,000 per unit area (for example, 10 ares (1000 square meters)). Therefore, there is a drawback that the equipment cost of the light emitting diode as a light source, the wiring equipment, and the like is high.

Therefore, in the present invention, natural enemy insects are teleported from natural enemy-preserving plants to agricultural crops in an instant when agricultural pests are generated, and a highly safe and inexpensive device is used without using pesticides. , To provide a highly efficient method and the equipment used in that method.

The present invention is a step of cultivating a natural enemy-preserving plant near a target crop, a step of introducing a natural enemy insect that can parasitize the natural enemy insect or naturally generating a wild natural enemy insect, and a step of blowing humid air to the natural enemy-preserving plant. And to have a step of moving a natural enemy insect to a crop (claim 1).

Therefore, before and after planting crops, natural enemy-preserving plants are started to be cultivated, and natural enemy insects are introduced or naturally generated at the same time or before and after, and the natural enemy insects are parasitized on the natural enemy-preserving plants to survive.

When a natural enemy insect survives on a natural enemy-preserving plant by eating its pollen, pollen, sap, etc., and an agricultural pest occurs on the target crop, a humidity generating blower generates high-humidity air and its humidity. Blows high air to natural enemy-preserving plants. As a result, the natural enemy insects escape from the natural enemy-preserving plants and fly to the crops.

A natural enemy-preserving plant is a plant that allows natural enemy insects that prey on agricultural pests that parasitize crops to survive by feeding on their own pollen, nectar, or sap even if agricultural pests do not occur (claim 3). For example, in Bemisia tabaci (natural enemy insects), natural enemy-preserving plants are sesame, skaebora, verbena, creome, etc., and in other species, white clover, marigold, etc. are known as natural enemy-preserving plants.

The natural enemy insect is an insect that preys on agricultural pests (claim 4), and is not particularly limited as long as it is an insect that preys on other individual insects. Adult insects may prey on other individual insects, such as Bemisia tabaci. The larvae may prey on the body of the host insect, such as the predatory stink bug, Stink bug.

It is used to attract natural enemy insects to agricultural products from natural enemy-preserving plants, and as a machine that generates and supplies high-humidity air, a humidity-generating blower having at least a blower and a humidifier, and humidity from this humidity-generating blower. It is to be composed of a blowing means suitable for blowing high air to a natural enemy-preserving plant (claim 5). This device may move inside or outside the facility to blow air, or may have a blowing means spread around the facility so that the blowing means blows air to a natural enemy-preserving plant planted in the facility.

Humidity generation A net is provided at the tip of a blowing means for guiding high-humidity air sent from a blower to capture natural enemy insects (Claim 6). Suitable for collecting natural enemies from plants planted outside or inside the facility. That is, it is possible to blow high-humidity air onto a plant in which natural enemies are preserved, escape (leave) from the plant, and capture it with a net.

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, if the natural enemy insect is introduced near the target crop at the same time or before or after the natural enemy-preserving plant, the natural enemy insect can be maintained without feeding the natural enemy insect. When an agricultural pest occurs, it sends high-humidity air to the natural enemy-preserving plant, escapes the natural enemy insect from the natural enemy-preserving plant, and attracts the natural enemy to the crop.
In addition, since natural enemy insects can obtain their own food from natural enemy-preserving plants, they are easy to maintain and can maintain a relatively high survival density.

According to the invention of claim 5, the supply of high-humidity air is performed from a humidity-generating blower including a humidity-generating blower and a blowing means, and the air is moved inside or outside the facility to blow air, or inside the facility. It is also possible to spread air around the natural enemy-preserving plants.

According to the invention of claim 6, since the insect net is attached to the outlet end of the blower means for guiding the humid air sent from the humidity generating blower, the natural enemy insects blow the plants in which the natural enemy insects live with high humidity air, and the natural enemy. Insects can be easily escaped and escaped and thus captured by an insect net. Here, the collected natural enemy insects are used as the natural enemy insects according to claim 1.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for attracting natural enemy insects to agricultural products according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the usage situation in the crop cultivation facility. FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view of a humidity generating blower. FIG. 4 is a perspective view in which the insect net is connected to the outlet end of the guide pipe.

The figure is used to show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of attracting natural enemy insects from a natural enemy-preserving plant to a crop in constructing a control system using natural enemies, and FIG. 2 shows this in an agricultural crop cultivation facility. The implementation status of the invention is shown, FIG. 3 shows a humidity generating blower that supplies high humidity air, and FIG. 4 shows an insect net for catching natural enemy insects.

Explaining the method of attracting the natural enemy insects to the crops of the present invention according to the four steps shown in FIG. 1, when the natural enemy insects (predatory insects) are introduced at the agricultural cultivation site, the natural enemy is preserved for the purpose of keeping the natural enemy alive. Plants need to be introduced and are cultivated near or before and after crops. This is step I.

First, as natural enemy insects, insects that prey on agricultural pests. For example, when introducing Bemisia tabaci, seedlings 21 are planted in order to produce crops (for example, tomatoes) in the crop cultivation facility 20 shown in FIG. ing. Many seedlings 21 and sesame 22 and cleome 23 are planted in parallel with the ridges of about 50 cm to 1 m in this crop cultivation facility 20. These plants are suitable for the survival of natural enemy insects, and the above-mentioned tobacco scab can be naturally or acquiredly brought in and can be survived by its own pollen, nectar, sap, or the like. ..

Natural enemy-preserving plants play an important role in controlling pests using natural enemy insects, and natural enemy insects (Tobacco beetle) are introduced into the facility at the same time as or before or after the natural enemy-preserving plants. Natural enemy insects survive on sesame 22 and creome 23, which are natural enemy-preserving plants, and grow and are maintained. This is step II. Among the natural enemy insects in this example, Scaevola and verbena can also be natural enemy-preserving plants.

When agricultural crops grow and agricultural pests such as thrips and whiteflies occur, the humidity generating blower 31 described below is brought into the crop cultivation facility 20 and humid air is blown from the nozzle 41 to the natural enemy-preserving plants 22, 23. It has a step III in which air is blown toward (the air velocity is 0.5 m / sec.). The time is 3 seconds, and the colonized natural enemy insects escape from the natural enemy-preserving plants and fly.

湿風処理とは、湿度の高い空気を送風することをいう。このタバコカスミカメには湿風処理の効果が認められた。 As this Test Example 1, the humidity is 80% RH and the wind speed is 0.5 m / sec. , The temperature was 30 ° C. for 3 seconds. Table 1 shows the escape rate of Bemisia tabaci on Cleome.

Wet air treatment means blowing high humidity air. The effect of moist air treatment was observed for this Bemisia tabaci.

ナミヒメハナカメムシには湿風処理の効果が認められた。 As another test example 2, the humidity is 80% RH and the wind speed is 0.5 m / sec. , The temperature was 30 ° C. for 3 seconds. Table 2 shows the escape rates of stink bugs on white clover.
White clover inhabits alleys, and stink bugs occur naturally.

The effect of moist air treatment was observed for the stink bug, Namihimehanakamemushi.

ナミヒメハナカメムシには湿風処理の効果が認められた。 As Test Example 3, the humidity is 70% RH and the wind speed is 0.5 m / sec. , The temperature was 30 ° C. for 3 seconds. Table 3 shows the escape rates of stink bugs on white clover.
White clover lived in alleys, and stink bugs occur naturally.

The effect of moist air treatment was observed for the stink bug, Namihimehanakamemushi.

The natural enemy insects flying to the crop cultivation facility 20 by the wet air treatment have the step IV of flying and being attracted to the crop 21 in the facility 20. As a result, natural enemy insects prey on the agricultural pests that have occurred and work to control the pests.

Known combinations of natural enemy insects and natural enemy-preserving plants include stink bugs and white clover, and stink bugs and marigolds.
Humid air is a value of 80% RH and 70% RH in the above two test examples, but if it is 70% RH or more, it is a natural enemy as shown in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3. It has the effect of escaping insects.

In FIG. 3, a humidity generating blower 31 is shown, and this device 31 is composed of a humidity generating blower 32 and a blowing means 33. The humidity generating blower 32 is formed by vertically assembling a blower 37 composed of a motor 35 and a fan 36, an ultrasonic vibrator, a humidifier made of a known centrifugal force type or a heating type humidifier 38, and has wheels on the lower surface. It has 39 and is configured to be movable within a crop cultivation facility (not shown). Although not shown, a control device such as a switch for operating the blower 37 and the humidifier 38, and a heater for controlling the temperature are not shown.

The blower means 33 blows high-humidity air from the humidity-generating blower 32 to a desired place, and is composed of a guide pipe 40 and a nozzle 41 arranged at the tip thereof. In this illustrated example, it is an example that can be moved inside or outside the facility, and is used by the manager.

After carrying it to a desired place, the power is turned on to drive the blower 37, and the humidifier 38 humidifies the blown air. Humid air is blown out from the nozzle 41 through the guide pipe 40. The manager sprays the direction of the nozzle 41 toward the desired natural enemy-preserving plant.

In FIG. 4, an insect net 45 for capturing natural enemy insects is shown. Since natural enemy insects live in open fields, it is necessary to capture and use them, and they are used. The handle 46 of the insect net 45 also serves as a guide pipe for the humidity generating blower 31. The insect net main body 47 is connected to the handle 46, which is the guide pipe 40, via a connecting gold wire 48. By blowing humid air from the nozzle 41 to the plant during use, the natural enemy insects living in the plant escape and are captured by the net body 47. The number of captured animals can be increased by blowing out humid air. The captured natural enemy insects are used to bring the natural enemy insects of the present invention into the natural enemy-preserving plants and parasitize them during the method of attracting them to crops.

20 Crop cultivation facility 21 Crop 22 Sesame 23 Cleome 31 Humidity generation blower 40 Guide pipe 41 Nozzle 45 Insect net

Claims (6)

The process of introducing natural enemy-preserving plants around crops,
The process of introducing or naturally generating natural enemy insects to natural enemy-preserving plants and the process of blowing humid air to natural enemy-preserving plants,
A method for attracting natural enemy insects to crops, which comprises a process of blowing humid air to natural enemy-preserving plants and moving the natural enemy insects to crops. The method for attracting natural enemy insects to agricultural products according to claim 1, wherein the high-humidity air has a relative humidity (RH) of 70% or more. A natural enemy-preserving plant is a plant that allows natural enemy insects that prey on agricultural pests that parasitize crops to survive by feeding on their own pollen, nectar, sap, etc., even if agricultural pests do not occur. The method for attracting natural enemy insects according to claim 1 to agricultural products. The method for attracting a natural enemy insect to a crop according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the natural enemy insect is an insect that preys on an agricultural pest. Humidity generating blower with at least a blower and a humidifier,
A humidity-generating blower that cites natural enemy insects to crops, which is characterized by consisting of a means of blowing high-humidity air from this humidity-generating blower to natural enemy-preserving plants. Humidity-generating air blown by inviting natural enemy insects according to claim 5, which has an insect net at the outlet end of a blowing means for guiding high-humidity air sent from a humidity-generating blower to capture natural enemy insects. apparatus.

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