〇 6 92 2twf2-AD-l . doc/〇〇6 修正日期 94.9.16 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一'種^控营制昆蟲之方法，且特別是 有關於一種微生物媒介以吸引蚊蟲，以便於達到控制目的 或殺滅目的之方法及裝置。 【先前技術】 從古至今，人類一直想要有效地監控管制昆蟲，特別 是對人類有害的昆蟲，例如蚊蟲。蚊蟲之所以對人類有害 主要是因爲蚊蟲會幫助散布傳染疾病，諸如瘧疾和黃熱病 等會經由蚊蟲而散佈傳染；因此，爲了要防治蚊蟲相關之 疾病，世界各國的公共衛生當局均一直持續不斷地致力於 蚊蟲防治，以消除蚊蟲相關之疾病。除了疾病防治之原因 外，蚊蟲叮咬而引致之痛苦及不便，也是另一個殺滅蚊蟲 之原因。由於完全滅絕蚊蟲是幾乎不可能達成之目標，因 此，長久以來人類一直不斷在尋找有效防制蚊蟲之方法及 機制’包括如何吸引蚊蟲以便於捕捉及殺滅蚊蟲的方法及 機制。 爲了從宿主身上吸取血液來提供卵發育所需之養分， 雌蚊會四處飛行以尋找宿主（host)吸食血液；一般而言，蚊 蟲乃是利用宿主所散發出的特殊化學成份來偵測鎖定宿 主，而人類宿主身上散發的特殊化學成份，也就是吸引蚊 蟲之引誘劑（Attractant)，乃爲一*些易揮發物。這些易揮發 物包含多達300種至400種化合物，其來源可能是宿主之 皮腺分泌物，皮膚上微生物分解產物，或兩者皆是。蚊蟲 1247579 〇 6 9 2 2 twf 2-AD-l . d〇c/ 00 6 修正日期 94.9.16 7¾胃使用其嗅覺結構來偵測鎖定宿主，其可在90英尺遠處 ί罙測到宿主身上散發出之引誘劑，並進而鎖定宿主。 目前常見防制蚊蟲的方法，多半是經由化學方法來殺 滅整個蚊蟲群體，或是試圖消滅它們的繁殖棲息地。這些 方法不但麻煩又低效率，而且常常是具有生態破壞性的， 牛寺別是會引致有毒化學物至周遭環境而造成生態污染。另 #可行的方法是製造可以捕捉蚊蟲之陷阱；其中各種不同 之機制均曾用於製造蚊蟲陷阱，而包括光線、熱度、二氧 化碳、八烯醇（octenol)、水蒸氣和乳酸，也曾被考慮作爲引 誘劑。 【發明内容】 因此本發明的主要目的就是在提供一種防制蚊蟲之方 t去和I裝置，其機制包括使用先利用一細菌分解物和一酵母 酵液作爲一蚊蟲誘餌，該細菌分解物和該酵母菌發酵 ί夜可分別吸引吸血雌蚊以及非吸血性之蚊蟲。本發明除使 $誘餌（內含蚊蟲引誘劑)與熱度來模擬宿主，並結合一蚊蟲 誘餌微粒釋放裝置，加速誘蚊餌劑之散發，從而提高對蚊 蟲之吸引力，進而達成較高之捕獲率。本發明之方法包括 先吸引再捕捉蚊蟲，或是先吸引再捕捉並消滅蚊蟲，以達 成防制蚊蟲目的。 本發明的另一目的是在提供一種微生物媒介之誘蚊方 法及裝置，其機制包括使用一蚊蟲誘餌，以模擬人體體表 溫度和人體散發之氣味來吸引蚊蟲，並進而達到控制及誘 捕蚊蟲之目的。該裝置中包括一可調控加熱裝置，會提供 I24757§ 6922twf2-AD-l . doc/006 修正日期9 4 · 9 · 1 6 適當的熱度，來幫助微生物的培養，而且更包括一釋放機 制可幫助一蚊蟲誘餌散發。該蚊蟲誘餌至少包含一細菌分 解物和一酵母菌發酵液；該蚊蟲誘餌對於人類不具毒性， 而且該蚊蟲誘餌並非人工合成，乃是由其包含的發酵液或 細菌分解物等以及其自然代謝產物所組成。此外，本發明 也可以結合通電柵格或含殺蟲劑網之使用以殺滅引誘之蚊 蟲。 依照本發明一較佳實施例，本發明之裝置爲一可攜帶 移動式蚊蟲控制系統，可以在室內或在戶外使用來捕捉蚊 蟲。該裝置包含一上層隔間（Upper Compartment)，該上層 隔間有複數個導入隧孔，可讓蚊蟲飛入而被陷於該上層隔 間中；一底層隔間(Bottom Compartment);和一雙頭螺旋連 結座（Thumbscrew Container)，該雙頭螺旋連結座至少包括 〜頂指螺旋，一底指螺旋和一位於其間之柵格，以連接該上 層隔間和該底層隔間。該蚊蟲控制系統更包括一第一固定 裝置以固定一第一容器，該第一容器至少包含一酵母菌發 酵液；一第二固定裝置以固定一第二容器，該第二容器至 少包含一細菌培養基；以及可調控的加熱裝置，可以提供 熱以幫助細菌培養和酵母菌發酵。 本發明之另一較佳實施例中，如上述之裝置及方法中 更包括使用一加速揮發蚊蟲誘餌之微粒釋放裝置，該蚊蟲 誘餌微粒釋放機械裝置是運用噴霧原理，將蚊蟲誘餌以極 微細之液態顆粒，呈霧狀噴散出來，藉此提高該餌劑於相 對空間內之揮發與擴散速率，從而增加誘餌之有效誘蚊距 6 124757¾ -AD-l.doc/006 修正日期9 4 · 9 · 1 6 離與效率。 該微粒釋放（噴霧）裝置，至少包括一噴嘴頭以及一 幫浦。該噴嘴頭，包括一外管與一內管。該噴嘴頭外管， 可利用虹吸管原理將噴嘴頭外部之蚊蟲誘餌導引流向該噴 嘴頭之一頂端。該幫浦通入氣體於該噴嘴頭內管，再經由 噴嘴頭內管之一頂部小孔高速噴出，將液體狀之蚊蟲誘餌 以極微小液滴狀噴出，形成更易於揮發擴散之霧狀顆粒。 爲讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優點能更明 顯易懂，下文特舉一較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳 細說明如下： 【實施方式】 某些本來就存在於人類汗液中之桿狀細菌，已知會生 產甲硫醇(methanethiols)，而散發出如同乾酪或人類腳底的 氣味。這些微生物可能是導致人類汗水散發氣味之原因， 而目前已有實驗證明人類汗液對蚊蟲有頗強之吸引力，證 明該些細菌會在人類身上引致易揮發性引誘劑之產生。因 此，若能辨認分離出這些細菌，就可進而使用這些細菌來 產生蚊蟲引誘劑，以模擬人類氣味來引誘嗜血性蚊蟲。 一般而言，雄蚊唯一的食物來源是花蜜。而某些種類 的雌蚊除了吸血之外，也會在吸血前先飽餐一頓蜜糖餐； 這是因爲糖類是雌蚊飛行尋找宿主時的精力來源，而且這 會影響雌蚊對宿主的引誘劑之反應靈敏度。另外，有實驗 報告指出二氧化碳(C02)對於蚊蟲有著普遍（非限於特定種 類）的吸引力，且該蚊蟲吸引力與二氧化碳之濃度成正比。 124757¾ 922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 修正日期9 4 · 9 · 1 6 本發明中之蚊蟲誘餌包括至少一人體氣味模擬物，以模擬 人類散發之易揮發物，一蜜糖來源和一二氧化碳供給源。 該人體氣味模擬物包含一特定細菌分解物，而一以果汁做 酵母菌發酵的培養基可提供穩定之二氧化碳來源，並作爲 蜜糖來源。 實驗資料 實驗使用之蚊蟲爲埃及斑蚊分析培養 於23-25°C，60-80%之相對濕度以及十二小時光/十二小時 暗的環境。成蚊置於大小30立方公分(cm3)罩以布幕之籠 內並餵以10%(v/v)糖水溶液。在生物實驗(bioassay) 30中 的4-8天大的雌蚊並沒有餵血就釋放到一具雙孔的氣味測 量儀（olfactometer)，該氣味測量儀包含一飛行室（1.6m χ〇·6ηι x〇.6m)以供放入蚊蟲飛行以進行測量。空氣啷筒吸取 環境空氣經由炭過濾器，通過二瓶的蒸餾水，而經由雙孔 中之一孔（5公分直徑，兩孔分開30公分左右)釋放到飛行 室中。一氣味來源是置於另一孔中，而經由一水循環系統 溫度保持其溫度在30°C。而室溫保持在23-25°C。生物實 驗之觀察時間是在放入蚊蟲後15分鐘開始計算。在連續的 各實驗之間，該氣味測量儀之各部份都用75%之酒精來清 潔並用強風吹二十分鐘以去除氣味。此外，爲了避免有關 方向性之未知因素造成偏差，各次實驗中對照與控制組之 位置是輪流交替於雙孔之間。 實驗用之細菌爲桿狀（Coryneform)細菌之兩株，爲 謝(BE)和 5. （BL)，分別從 8 922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 修正日期94.9.16 德國Sammlung von Mikrooranismen公司和德國布魯兹維 克Zellkulturen GmbH公司和位於新竹之食品工業發展&硏 究所所購買。這細菌可用三種不同的培養液加以培養： TSB、MB和NB。這三種不同之培養液之成份分列如下： TSB (15公克的胰化蛋白質(tryptone)+ 5公克的大豆蛋白質 (soytone)+ 5公克的NaCl/每公升，而水溶液之酸鹼度値 7.3); MB (50公克的奶粉+ 2·5公克的消化蛋白質(peptone)/ 每公升，水溶液之酸鹼度値7.2);和NB (5公克的消化蛋 白質+ 1·5公克的牛肉淬取+ 1.5公克的酵母菌淬取+ 5公克 的NaCl/每公升，水溶液之酸鹼度値7.4);細菌培養於恆溫 30°C，每分鐘200轉數之環境下二天之久。 爲了檢測不同的細菌株和不同培養液的組合，何者具 有最高效率的蚊蟲吸引力，取4毫升已培育兩天的不同組 合細菌培養液置入氣味偵測儀中加以試驗。 如表一所示，大部分的這些菌株，不論成長在哪一種 培養液中均能吸引蚊蟲；除了菌株BE95 85對蚊蟲、沒有吸弓丨 力。其中只有菌株BE9586，不論配合任意三種不同之培養 液都有顯示蚊蟲吸引力，而且配以培養液NB會對蚊蟲產 生最高的吸引力。大致而言，若缺少加熱裝置，則對蚊蟲 的吸引力不會高於3〇%。 124757¾ 9 22twf2一AD—1.doc/006 修正日期9 4 · 9 · 1 6 表一不同的細菌和培養液的組合對成雌蚊之口及 引力〇6 92 2twf2-AD-l . doc/〇〇6 Revision date 94.9.16 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of invention] The present invention relates to a method for controlling insects, and in particular A method and apparatus for attracting mosquitoes to attract mosquitoes for control purposes or for killing purposes. [Prior Art] Since ancient times, humans have always wanted to effectively monitor insects, especially those harmful to humans, such as mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are harmful to humans mainly because mosquitoes help spread infectious diseases, such as malaria and yellow fever, which are transmitted through mosquitoes; therefore, in order to prevent mosquito-related diseases, public health authorities all over the world continue to Committed to mosquito control to eliminate mosquito-related diseases. In addition to the causes of disease prevention, the pain and inconvenience caused by mosquito bites is another cause of killing mosquitoes. Since the complete extinction of mosquitoes is almost impossible to achieve, humans have long been searching for ways and mechanisms to effectively prevent mosquitoes, including methods and mechanisms for attracting mosquitoes to capture and kill mosquitoes. In order to extract blood from the host to provide the nutrients needed for egg development, the female mosquitoes will fly around to find the host to suck the blood; in general, the mosquito uses the special chemical components emitted by the host to detect the locked host. The special chemical component emitted by the human host, that is, the attractant attracting mosquitoes, is a volatile substance. These volatiles contain up to 300 to 400 compounds, which may be derived from the host's cutaneous gland secretions, microbial decomposition products on the skin, or both. Mosquito 1247579 〇6 9 2 2 twf 2-AD-l . d〇c/ 00 6 Revision date 94.9.16 73⁄4 Stomach uses its olfactory structure to detect the locked host, which can be detected at 90 feet away from the host. Exuding the attractant and thereby locking the host. At present, the common methods of preventing mosquitoes are to kill the entire mosquito population through chemical methods or to try to eliminate their breeding habitats. These methods are not only cumbersome and inefficient, but are often ecologically destructive. Niu Si will cause toxic chemicals to the surrounding environment and cause ecological pollution. Another #feasible method is to create traps that can catch mosquitoes; various mechanisms have been used to make mosquito traps, including light, heat, carbon dioxide, octenol, water vapor and lactic acid, have also been considered As an attractant. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a method for preventing mosquitoes and to remove I, the mechanism comprising using a bacterial decomposition product and a yeast fermentation solution as a mosquito bait, the bacterial decomposition product and The yeast fermenting night can respectively attract blood-sucking female mosquitoes and non-blood-sucking mosquitoes. The invention not only makes the bait (containing mosquito attractant) and heat to simulate the host, but also combines a mosquito bait particle release device to accelerate the emission of the attracting bait, thereby increasing the attraction to the mosquito, thereby achieving a higher capture. rate. The method of the present invention involves first attracting and re-capturing mosquitoes, or first attracting and re-capturing and eliminating mosquitoes for the purpose of preventing mosquitoes. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for attracting mosquitoes by using a microbial medium, the mechanism comprising using a mosquito bait to simulate the body surface temperature and the odor emitted by the human body to attract mosquitoes, and thereby to control and trap mosquitoes. purpose. The device includes a regulatable heating device that will provide I24757 § 6922twf2-AD-l. doc/006 Amendment date 9 4 · 9 · 1 6 Appropriate heat to help microbial culture, but also includes a release mechanism to help A mosquito bait is distributed. The mosquito bait comprises at least a bacterial decomposition product and a yeast fermentation broth; the mosquito bait is not toxic to humans, and the mosquito bait is not artificially synthesized, but is a fermentation broth or a bacterial decomposition product thereof and a natural metabolite thereof. Composed of. In addition, the invention may also be used in conjunction with an energized grid or a network containing insecticide to kill the attracting mosquitoes. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device of the present invention is a portable mobile mosquito control system that can be used indoors or outdoors to capture mosquitoes. The apparatus includes an upper Compartment, the upper compartment having a plurality of introduction tunnels for allowing mosquitoes to fly in and being trapped in the upper compartment; a bottom compartment (Bottom Compartment); and a double head A screw joint (Thumbscrew Container), the double-headed spiral joint includes at least a top finger spiral, a bottom finger spiral and a grid therebetween to connect the upper compartment and the bottom compartment. The mosquito control system further includes a first fixing device for fixing a first container, the first container containing at least one yeast fermentation liquid, and a second fixing device for fixing a second container, the second container containing at least one bacteria Medium; and a regulatable heating device that provides heat to aid bacterial culture and yeast fermentation. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus and method as described above further comprise using a particle release device for accelerating the volatile bait micro-trap, the mosquito decoy particle release mechanism is a spray principle, and the mosquito bait is extremely fine. The liquid particles are sprayed out in a mist, thereby increasing the volatilization and diffusion rate of the bait in the relative space, thereby increasing the effective mosquito trap distance of the bait. 6 1247573⁄4 -AD-l.doc/006 Revision date 9 4 · 9 · 1 6 separation and efficiency. The particulate release (spray) device includes at least a nozzle tip and a pump. The nozzle head includes an outer tube and an inner tube. The nozzle head outer tube can guide the mosquito bait outside the nozzle head to the top end of the nozzle head by using a siphon principle. The pump passes gas into the inner tube of the nozzle head, and then is ejected at a high speed through a small hole at the top of the inner tube of the nozzle head, and the liquid mosquito bait is ejected in a very small droplet shape to form a misty particle which is more volatile and diffuses. . The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and understood. Bacteria in human sweat, known to produce methanethiols, emit an odor similar to cheese or human soles. These microorganisms may be responsible for the odor of human sweat. At present, it has been proved that human sweat has a strong attraction to mosquitoes, which proves that these bacteria can cause the generation of volatile attractants in humans. Therefore, if these bacteria are identified, these bacteria can be used to produce mosquito attractants to mimic human odors to induce bloodthirsty mosquitoes. In general, the only food source for male mosquitoes is nectar. In addition to blood-sucking, certain types of female mosquitoes will also eat a honey meal before blood-sucking; this is because sugar is the source of energy when female mosquitoes fly to find a host, and this will affect the female attractant to the host. Reaction sensitivity. In addition, experimental reports indicate that carbon dioxide (C02) is attractive to mosquitoes (not limited to specific species) and that the mosquito attraction is directly proportional to the concentration of carbon dioxide. 1247573⁄4 922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 Amendment date 9 4 · 9 · 1 6 The mosquito bait of the present invention comprises at least one human odor simulant to simulate the volatiles emitted by humans, a source of honey and a supply of carbon dioxide. source. The human odor mimetic contains a specific bacterial decomposition product, and a medium in which yeast is fermented with fruit juice provides a stable source of carbon dioxide and serves as a source of honey. Experimental data The mosquitoes used in the experiment were cultured at 23-25 ° C, 60-80% relative humidity and 12 hours light / 12 hours dark environment. Adult mosquitoes were placed in a cage of 30 cubic centimeters (cm3) in size and fed with a 10% (v/v) aqueous solution of sugar. The 4-8 day old female mosquito in the bioassay 30 is released to a two-hole olfactometer without blood supply. The odometer contains a flight chamber (1.6m χ〇· 6ηι x〇.6m) for flying in mosquitoes for measurement. The air cylinder draws ambient air through a charcoal filter through two bottles of distilled water and is released into the flight chamber through one of the two holes (5 cm diameter, two holes separated by about 30 cm). One source of odor is placed in another well while maintaining its temperature at 30 °C via a water circulation system temperature. The room temperature is maintained at 23-25 °C. The observation time of the biological experiment was calculated 15 minutes after the mosquito was placed. Between successive experiments, each part of the odometer was cleaned with 75% alcohol and blown with strong wind for twenty minutes to remove odor. In addition, in order to avoid deviations from unknown factors related to directionality, the position of the control and control groups in each experiment alternated between the two holes. The bacteria used in the experiment were two strains of Coryneform bacteria, Xie (BE) and 5. (BL), respectively, from 8 922twf2-AD-l.doc/006, dated 94.9.16, Germany Sammlung von Mikrooranismen and Zellkulturen GmbH, Bruzvik, Germany, and the Food Industry Development & Research Institute in Hsinchu. This bacterium can be cultured in three different cultures: TSB, MB and NB. The components of the three different cultures are listed below: TSB (15 grams of tryptone + 5 grams of soytone + 5 grams of NaCl per liter, while the pH of the aqueous solution is 7.3); MB (50 grams of milk powder + 2·5 grams of peptone per liter, pH of the aqueous solution 値 7.2); and NB (5 grams of digested protein + 1.5 grams of beef extract + 1.5 grams of yeast) Quenching + 5 grams of NaCl per liter, the pH of the aqueous solution is 7.4); the bacteria are cultured at a constant temperature of 30 ° C for two days in an environment of 200 rpm. In order to detect the combination of different bacterial strains and different culture solutions, which has the highest efficiency of mosquito attraction, 4 ml of different combinations of bacterial cultures that had been incubated for two days were placed in an odor detector for testing. As shown in Table 1, most of these strains, regardless of the culture medium in which they were grown, attracted mosquitoes; except for strain BE95 85, which did not attract mosquitoes. Among them, only strain BE9586, regardless of any three different cultures, shows mosquito attraction, and the culture medium NB has the highest attraction for mosquitoes. In general, if the heating device is lacking, the attraction to mosquitoes will not be higher than 3〇%. 1247573⁄4 9 22twf2_AD-1.doc/006 Revision date 9 4 · 9 · 1 6 Table 1 The combination of different bacteria and culture fluids on the mouth and gravity of female mosquitoes
Strains TSB MB NB 涵20660 + a - 酬 BE9585 - - - BE9586 + + +++ BE20659 NAb + ΝΑ BL20158 - ++ ΝΑ BL20425 - + ΝΑ BL20426 + + + a該吸引率以百分比表之。二無吸引力；“ + ” = 10% ; “++，，= 20% ;“+++，，= 3 0%。b NA :無法測量。 爲了更進一步確認該成長於NB培養液中之菌株 BE9586的蚊蟲吸引力來源，將該菌株培養液加以離心所得 之懸浮液置入氣味偵測儀中加以評估。 由表二可見高達86.7%的成熟雌蚊會被前述之細菌培 養懸浮液所吸引。其吸引力會比只有NB培養液大槪高 20%，比無氣味之水溶液高25%。該實驗結果建議從這細菌 培養懸浮液所產生之易揮發物能特別地吸引成雌蚊。在這 實驗中，熱度本身即顯示大約61.7%之吸引力，高於先前 實驗中未加熱之不同氣味來源。因此，由實驗結果可推知 若設有一加熱裝置，應可提供熱度來幫助揮發該細菌分解 物，提高對蚊蟲之吸引力。 124757¾ 6922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 修正日期9 4 . 9 . 1 6 表二菌株培養液加以離心所得之懸浮液置入氣味 偵測儀中以評估對蚊蟲之吸引力 懸浮液a 營養液b 水溶液e 86.7±4.2d 67.5 士 4.2 61.7 士 11.8 a菌株培養液加以離心所得之懸浮液，離心速度爲1〇,〇〇〇Xg 離心1〇分鐘。b細菌培養之營養液。。爲無氣味之水溶液。 d計算方式爲（吸引之蚊蟲數/三十）再乘以百分比％ ;並重複 三次再平均之。 第1圖是依照本發明一較佳實施例的一種裝置之示意 圖。請參照第1圖，該裝置1 〇〇包含一上層隔間102 (Upper Compartment)； 一底層隔間 104 (Bottom Compartment);以 及連結兩者之一雙頭旋螺連結座(Thumbscrew Container)。一頂蓋108乃位於該上層隔間1〇2之頂，由一 支撐機構支撐，例如：一有延伸壁的支撐肋，其延伸壁可 引導蚊蟲飛入導入隧孔；該頂蓋108與該上層隔間1〇2相 隔開約1-2公分。而在該頂蓋108之下，該上層隔間1〇2 之上側包括有複數個導入隧孔110,其由該上層隔間 外側向內開，該導入隧孔110開口大的足夠讓蚊蟲進入， 而且其向內開之方式可防止進來的蚊蟲逃脫，使蚊蟲被陷 在該上層隔間102之內。 當該上層隔間102連接於該雙頭旋螺連結座106後’ 置於該雙頭旋螺連結座106中間一柵格H2上之一第一容 器120就會位於該上層隔間102之內部。該第一谷器120 124757¾ 6922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 修正日期9 4 . 9 . 1 6 內至少包含一人體氣味模擬物和一二氧化碳供給源。該人 體氣味模擬物和二氧化碳供給源可由一酵母菌培養基提 供。若以一果汁做該酵母菌發酵的培養基，則更可提供一 蜜糖來源。 仍參考第1圖，這底層隔間1〇4包括一可調整控制溫 度之加熱裝置114,其至少包含一時間調控機制和一溫度調 控機制。該時間調控機制可按照使用者設定之時間表來操 作調控時間，例如爲一定時器，而該溫度調控機制能按照 指示產生熱度到一指定溫度，並維持在這溫度；該溫度調 控機制譬如至少包含一金屬加熱器116,由一邏輯線路所控 制。 這可調整之加熱裝置114是經由使用者的設定，而產 生一調控之上升熱熱流，來幫助細菌培養和蒸發細菌分解 物。一第二容器122置於該底層隔間1〇4內部之底層上， 該第二容器122內包含一宿主氣味模擬物，例如細菌培養 分解物。本實施例中，利用於特定之培養液中培養之指定 微生物(細菌)會產生新陳代謝產物或分解其培養液，而產生 細菌分解物。本實施例中，較佳條件爲使用前述實驗所使 用之桿狀菌株（C0rynebacterial strains)和培養液來提供細 菌分解物；譬如，使用菌株BE9586培養於NB培養液【5 公克的消化蛋白質+ 1.5公克的牛肉擷取+ 1·5公克的酵母菌 擷取+ 5公克的NaCl/每公升，水溶液之酸鹼度値7.4】中， 以提供該細菌分解物。 該金屬加熱器Π6位於該底層隔間104內部及該第二 12 1247578 6922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 修正日期9 4 · 9 . 1 6 容器122之上方，以加熱該底層隔間104之內室並提供熱 度來幫助培養該第二容器122內之細菌。一廣口向下之反 向漏斗118用以聚集該加熱器116所提供之熱度，由該底 層隔間104之內部傳送至上層間隔102中，以進一步傳送 熱度去幫助酵母菌發酵。所以，該加熱器116所提供之熱 度會在二隔間中形成二層不同的熱流；一般來說，這二層 位於上層與底層隔間之不同的熱流大約分別保持在30°C和 37°C。此外，這熱流除了提供熱度來培養兩種微生物和幫 助發散的引誘劑，還能模擬人體體表溫度，來進一步吸引 蚊蟲。 經由實驗顯示了結合熱度和氣味模擬物對埃及斑蚊吸 引的效果，在一長達六十分鐘之觀察，該細菌分解物配合 著熱度蒸發能引誘高達60%的蚊蟲，遠超過被發酵酵母菌 所引誘之44%的蚊蟲。此外，根據培養12小時之觀察，結 合細菌分解物、發酵酵母菌和熱度蒸發所達成之效果則吸 引多達85%的蚊蟲。使用細菌分解物作爲蚊蟲誘餌，可以 比其他的誘餌在一定時間內引誘到較多蚊蟲，大槪是因爲 蚊蟲在偵測尋找宿主時，較主要之因素爲宿主的氣味。 第2A圖是依照本發明一較佳實施例的裝置之正面 圖；第2B圖是如第2A圖所示依照本發明一較佳實施例的 裝置之部分爆炸圖。 請參照第2A圖，一裝置200包含一上層隔間202、一 底層隔間204和一雙頭旋螺連結座206。請參照第2B圖， 第2B圖是該裝置200之部分爆炸圖以描述其細節。一第一 13 124757¾ 6922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 修正日期9 4 . 9 . 1 6 容器220置於一格狀固定裝置224之上。該雙頭螺旋連結 座206至少包括一頂指螺旋226, 一底指螺旋228和一位於 其間之柵格212,以分別連接該上層隔間202和該底層隔間 204。當該上層隔間202和該底層隔間204連接對合於該該 雙頭螺旋連結座206時，一第一 〇形環(O-ring) 230和一第 二Ο形環232分別用來密封對合處。該格狀固定裝置224 是位在該柵格212之上，因此當該上層隔間202連接於該 該雙頭螺旋連結座206後，該第一容器220即位於該上層 隔間202的內部。 該裝置200中更可包括一收集網234於該格狀固定裝 置224和這柵格212之間，以便於收集蚊蟲殘骸。該收集 網234亦可包含一黏性物質來陷捕蚊蟲，或一殺蟲劑以便 殺滅蚊蟲。再者，一通電柵格也可以加置到該上層隔間202 的內部來電斃殺滅陷捕之蚊蟲。 請參考第2B圖，該底層隔間204還包括一固定附屬裝 置236和一可移動的底拴蓋238和一第二容器222,該固定 附屬裝置236用以拴住該第二容器222,而該可移動的底拴 蓋238是可以由該固定附屬裝置236中拆離，因此只要移 開該該底拴蓋238，則第二容器222可以拿出清潔或再裝 滿。一加熱器216和一反向漏斗218是位在該固定附屬裝 置236上方，該反向漏斗218之窄口對著該柵格212的中 心’而其廣口卻向著該底層隔間204之內室，因此該底層 隔間204之內室的熱度，會經由該漏斗218之收聚而穿越 該柵格212傳送到該上層隔間202 ◦ 14 124757¾. 22twf2-AD-l do c/0 0 6 修正日期94.9.16Strains TSB MB NB culvert 20660 + a - reward BE9585 - - - BE9586 + + +++ BE20659 NAb + ΝΑ BL20158 - ++ ΝΑ BL20425 - + ΝΑ BL20426 + + + a The attraction rate is expressed as a percentage. Two unattractive; " + " = 10% ; "++,, = 20% ; "+++,, = 3 0%. b NA : Unable to measure. In order to further confirm the mosquito attraction source of the strain BE9586 grown in the NB culture solution, the suspension obtained by centrifuging the culture solution of the strain was placed in an odor detector for evaluation. It can be seen from Table 2 that up to 86.7% of mature female mosquitoes are attracted to the aforementioned bacterial culture suspension. Its attractiveness is 20% higher than that of the NB medium alone and 25% higher than the odorless solution. The results of this experiment suggest that the volatiles produced from this bacterial culture suspension can be specifically attracted to female mosquitoes. In this experiment, the heat itself showed an attractiveness of approximately 61.7%, which is higher than the different sources of odor that were not heated in previous experiments. Therefore, it can be inferred from the experimental results that if a heating device is provided, heat should be provided to help volatilize the bacterial decomposition product and increase the attraction to mosquitoes. 1247573⁄4 6922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 Amendment date 9 4 . 9 . 1 6 The suspension obtained by centrifugation of the culture strain of Table 2 was placed in a scent detector to evaluate the attraction of mosquitoes to suspension a nutrient solution b Aqueous solution e 86.7 ± 4.2d 67.5 ± 4.2 61.7 ± 11.8 a strain of the culture solution was centrifuged to obtain a suspension, the centrifugation speed was 1 〇, and 〇〇〇Xg was centrifuged for 1 minute. b nutrient solution for bacterial culture. . It is an odorless aqueous solution. d is calculated as (attracted mosquitoes/30) and multiplied by %; and repeated three times and averaged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an apparatus in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 1, the device 1 includes an upper Compartment 102, a Bottom Compartment, and a Tungbscrew Container. A top cover 108 is located at the top of the upper compartment 1〇2 and is supported by a supporting mechanism, for example: a supporting rib having an extending wall, the extending wall of which guides the mosquito to fly into the introduction tunnel; the top cover 108 and the The upper compartment 1〇2 is separated by about 1-2 cm. Below the top cover 108, the upper side of the upper compartment 1〇2 includes a plurality of introduction tunnels 110 which are opened inwardly from the outside of the upper compartment, and the opening of the introduction tunnel 110 is large enough for mosquitoes to enter. And its inward opening prevents the incoming mosquitoes from escaping, causing the mosquito to be trapped within the upper compartment 102. When the upper compartment 102 is connected to the double-headed screw joint 106, a first container 120 placed on a grid H2 in the middle of the double-headed screw joint 106 is located inside the upper compartment 102. . The first barn 120 1247573⁄4 6922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 has a correction date of 9 4 . 9 . 1 6 containing at least one body odor simulant and a carbon dioxide supply source. The human odor mimetic and carbon dioxide supply source can be supplied from a yeast culture medium. If a juice is used as the fermentation medium for the yeast, a source of honey can be provided. Still referring to Fig. 1, the bottom compartment 1〇4 includes an adjustable temperature control heater 114 that includes at least a time regulation mechanism and a temperature regulation mechanism. The time adjustment mechanism can operate the regulation time according to a schedule set by the user, for example, a timer, and the temperature regulation mechanism can generate heat according to the indication to a specified temperature and maintain the temperature; the temperature regulation mechanism is at least A metal heater 116 is included and is controlled by a logic circuit. The adjustable heating device 114 is configured by the user to produce a regulated elevated heat flow to aid in bacterial culture and evaporation of bacterial decomposition products. A second container 122 is placed on the bottom layer of the bottom compartment 1 〇 4, and the second container 122 contains a host odor simulant such as a bacterial culture decomposition product. In the present embodiment, a designated microorganism (bacteria) cultured in a specific culture solution generates a metabolic product or decomposes the culture solution to produce a bacterial decomposition product. In the present embodiment, preferred conditions are to use the bacterium strains (C0rynebacterial strains) and the culture solution used in the foregoing experiments to provide bacterial decomposition products; for example, cultured in NB culture medium using strain BE9586 [5 g of digested protein + 1.5 g) The beef extract + 1.5 g of yeast extract + 5 g of NaCl per liter, the pH of the aqueous solution 値 7.4] to provide the bacterial decomposition product. The metal heater crucible 6 is located inside the bottom compartment 104 and above the second 12 1247578 6922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 revision date 9 4 · 9.16 container 122 to heat the bottom compartment 104 The chamber is also provided with heat to help culture the bacteria in the second container 122. A wide-mouth reverse funnel 118 is used to collect the heat provided by the heater 116 and is transferred from the interior of the bottom compartment 104 to the upper compartment 102 to further transfer heat to aid yeast fermentation. Therefore, the heat provided by the heater 116 creates two different heat flows in the two compartments; in general, the different heat flows of the two layers in the upper and lower compartments are maintained at approximately 30 ° C and 37 °, respectively. C. In addition, in addition to providing heat to culture both microbes and attracting diffusers, this heat flow simulates body surface temperatures to further attract mosquitoes. Experiments have shown the effect of binding heat and odor mimics on the attraction of Aedes aegypti, and for up to 60 minutes, the bacterial decomposition combined with thermal evaporation can induce up to 60% of mosquitoes, far more than fermented yeast. 44% of the mosquitoes lured. In addition, up to 85% of the mosquitoes were absorbed by the combination of bacterial decomposition products, fermenting yeast and heat evaporation according to the observation of 12 hours of culture. The use of bacterial decomposers as mosquito baits can induce more mosquitoes than other baits for a certain period of time. The reason is that the main factor of the mosquitoes in detecting the host is the host's odor. 2A is a front elevational view of the apparatus in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 2B is a partial exploded view of the apparatus in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 2A. Referring to Figure 2A, a device 200 includes an upper compartment 202, a bottom compartment 204 and a double-headed screw joint 206. Please refer to FIG. 2B, which is a partial exploded view of the apparatus 200 to describe its details. A first 13 1247573⁄4 6922twf2-AD-l.doc/006 Revision date 9 4 . 9 . 1 6 The container 220 is placed over a lattice fixture 224. The double-headed spiral joint 206 includes at least one finger screw 226, a bottom finger screw 228 and a grid 212 therebetween to connect the upper compartment 202 and the bottom compartment 204, respectively. When the upper compartment 202 and the bottom compartment 204 are coupled to the double-headed spiral joint 206, a first O-ring 230 and a second loop 232 are respectively used for sealing. Conjoined. The grid-like fixture 224 is positioned above the grid 212 such that when the upper compartment 202 is coupled to the double-headed spiral joint 206, the first container 220 is located inside the upper compartment 202. The device 200 further includes a collection net 234 between the lattice fixture 224 and the grid 212 to facilitate collection of mosquito debris. The collection net 234 may also contain a viscous material to trap mosquitoes, or an insecticide to kill the mosquitoes. Furthermore, an energized grid can also be added to the interior of the upper compartment 202 to kill the trapped mosquitoes. Referring to FIG. 2B, the bottom compartment 204 further includes a fixed attachment 236 and a movable bottom cover 238 and a second container 222 for holding the second container 222. The movable bottom cover 238 can be detached from the fixed attachment 236 so that the second container 222 can be removed for cleaning or refilling as long as the bottom cover 238 is removed. A heater 216 and a reverse funnel 218 are positioned above the fixed attachment 236, the narrow opening of the reverse funnel 218 is opposite the center of the grid 212 and its wide mouth is directed into the bottom compartment 204. Therefore, the heat of the chamber in the bottom compartment 204 is transferred to the upper compartment 202 ◦ 14 1247573⁄4 by the accumulation of the funnel 218. 22twf2-AD-l do c/0 0 6 Revision date 94.9.16
蚊蟲誘餌的加涑釋放奘P 本發明之另一較佳實施例中，如上述之裝置及方法中 更包括使用一加速揮發蚊蟲誘餌之微粒釋放裝置，該蚊蟲 誘餌微粒釋放機械裝置是運用噴霧原理，將蚊蟲誘餌以極 微細之液態顆粒（約5-50// m直徑），呈霧狀噴散出來， 藉此提高該餌劑於相對空間內之揮發與擴散速率，從而增 加誘餌之有效誘蚊距離與效率。 見第3圖，該微粒釋放（噴霧）裝置300位於前述之 蚊蟲誘餌容器（第3圖中僅以303示意之）之中，可以位 於上述第2B圖之上層隔間內、底層隔間內、第二容器中或 是上層及底層隔間之間。此外，還可以配合電柵格使用。 該微粒釋放（噴霧）裝置300至少包括一雙層不銹鋼金屬 套管所構成之噴嘴頭302以及一小型空氣幫浦304。該噴嘴 頭302，包括一外管306與一內管308。首先，利用該空氣 幫浦304，以加壓打氣，將加壓之空氣通過一管路309通入 該噴嘴頭內管308。而該噴嘴頭外管306之底部有一小縫隙 缺口 310,可利用虹吸管原理將噴嘴頭外部之蚊蟲誘餌導引 流向該噴嘴頭之一頂端3 12。通入該噴嘴頭內管308之空氣 再經由噴嘴頭內管308之一頂部小孔3H高速噴出。根據 應用白努力定律之噴霧原理’該噴嘴頭即可將液體狀之蚊 蟲誘餌以極微小液滴狀噴出（圖中箭頭所示）’形成更易 於揮發擴散之霧狀顆粒。 該蚊蟲誘餌容器303之外殼，並可阻擋大顆粒之液滴 通過，僅讓易於揮發之小顆粒液滴噴散出去’從而可確保 15 922twf2-AD-l.doc/〇〇6 修正日期9 4 · 9 · 1 6 每一霧狀小顆粒都可迅速揮發擴散，使誘蚊有效距離與效 率達到最高。 將微粒釋放（噴霧）裝置300配置底層隔間204(第2B 圖）內之後，其底層隔間2〇4的結構如第4圖所示。而配置 微粒釋放（噴霧）裝置300在其中的微生物媒介之誘蚊裝 置之結構則如第5圖所示。 本發明中之該微粒釋放裝置是將誘蚊餌劑以極微液態 顆粒噴散出來，藉此提高該蚊蟲誘餌之揮發與擴散速率， 從而增加其有效誘蚊距離與效率。根據在長、寬、高各爲 3.5χ3·5χ3公尺之室內空間，針對埃及斑蚊所做測試結果顯 示，使用此微粒釋放裝置後，的確使捕獲率從對照組之30% 提高至90%。 因此本發明中之該微粒釋放裝置確能加速誘蚊餌劑之 散發，從而提高對蚊蟲之吸引力，進而達成較高之捕獲率。 此外，本發明之另一較佳實施例的一種裝置中，更設 計使用一種發泡吹送(foam blowing)機制，利用特定化學物 質（foaming agent)與水溶液進行化學反應，而產生氣體（例 如：二氧化碳）吹送誘蚊餌劑，因而加強釋放誘蚊餌劑， 強化吸引蚊蟲之效果。由於此發泡吹送機制，不需要電源， 因此特別適用於戶外使用。而當使用於戶外之際，並可配 合殺蟲劑或黏性物質，而加強滅蚊效果。 雖然本發明已以一較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用 以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精 神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保 16 1247579 〇6922twf2_AD〜l·doc/006 修正日期 94。9.16 護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者爲準。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是依照本發明一較佳實施例的一種裝置之示意 圖。 桌2A圖是依照本發明一較佳實施例的該裝置之正面 圖；第2B圖是如第2A圖所示依照本發明一較佳實施例的 該裝置之部分爆炸圖。 弟3圖是依照本發明另一較佳實施例的該裝置中的一 種蚊蟲誘餌微粒釋放裝置之示意圖。 第4圖是依照本發明一較佳實施例之將蚊蟲誘餌微粒 釋放裝置裝設於底層隔間中之示意圖。 第5圖是依照本發明一較佳實施例之將蚊蟲誘餌微粒 釋放裝置裝設於微生物媒介之誘蚊裝置的示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100、200 :系統裝置 102、202 :上層隔間（Upper Compartment) 104、204 :底層隔間(Bottom Compartment) 106、206 :雙頭旋螺連結座(Thumbscrew Container) 1〇8 :頂蓋 110 :導入隧孔 112、212 :柵格 U4 :加熱裝置 116、216 :金屬加熱器 120、220 :第一容器 17 124757¾ AD-l.doc/006 修正日期9 4 · 9 · 1 6 122、222 :第二容器 224 :格狀固定裝置 226 :頂指螺旋226 228 :底指螺旋 230 :第一 Ο 形環（O-ring) 232 :第二Ο形環 234 :收集網 236 :固定附屬裝置 238 :可移動的底拴蓋 218 :反向漏斗 300 :微粒釋放裝置 302 :噴嘴頭 303 :蚊蟲誘餌容器 304 :空氣幫浦 306 :外管 308 :內管 309 :管路 3 10 :缺口 312 :頂端 314 :頂部小孔 18In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus and method as described above further comprise a particle release device for accelerating the volatile bait microparticle release device, the insect decoy particle release mechanism is a spray principle The mosquito bait is sprayed out in a very fine liquid particle (about 5-50 / / m diameter) in a mist, thereby increasing the volatilization and diffusion rate of the bait in the relative space, thereby increasing the effective lure of the bait. Mosquito distance and efficiency. Referring to Fig. 3, the particle release (spray) device 300 is located in the aforementioned mosquito bait container (illustrated only by 303 in Fig. 3), and may be located in the upper compartment of the second panel BB, in the bottom compartment, The second container is either between the upper and lower compartments. In addition, it can also be used with electric grids. The particulate release (spray) device 300 includes at least a nozzle head 302 formed of a double stainless steel metal sleeve and a small air pump 304. The nozzle head 302 includes an outer tube 306 and an inner tube 308. First, the air pump 304 is used to pressurize the air, and the pressurized air is introduced into the nozzle head inner tube 308 through a line 309. The bottom of the nozzle head outer tube 306 has a small gap notch 310, and the mosquito bait outside the nozzle head can be guided to the top end 3 12 of the nozzle head by the principle of a siphon. The air that has passed into the nozzle head inner tube 308 is ejected at a high speed through the top small hole 3H of the nozzle head inner tube 308. According to the spraying principle of applying the white working law, the nozzle head can eject the liquid mosquito bait in a very small droplet shape (indicated by an arrow in the figure) to form a mist-like particle which is more susceptible to volatilization and diffusion. The outer casing of the mosquito bait container 303 can block the passage of large particles of droplets, and only allows droplets of small particles that are easily volatilized to be ejected out, thereby ensuring 15 922 twf2-AD-l.doc/〇〇6 revision date 9 4 · 9 · 1 6 Each small particle can be quickly volatilized and diffused, so that the effective distance and efficiency of the mosquito are maximized. After the particulate release (spray) device 300 is disposed in the bottom compartment 204 (Fig. 2B), the structure of the bottom compartment 2〇4 is as shown in Fig. 4. The structure of the mosquito trapping device in which the microparticle medium in which the microparticle release (spray) device 300 is disposed is as shown in Fig. 5. In the microparticle releasing device of the present invention, the attracting bait is sprayed out with extremely fine liquid particles, thereby increasing the volatilization and diffusion rate of the mosquito bait, thereby increasing the effective mosquito trap distance and efficiency. According to the indoor space of 3.5χ3·5χ3 meters in length, width and height, the test results for Aedes aegypti showed that the use of this particle release device did increase the capture rate from 30% to 90% of the control group. . Therefore, the microparticle releasing device of the present invention can accelerate the emission of the attracting bait, thereby increasing the attraction to the mosquito, thereby achieving a higher capturing rate. Further, in an apparatus of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is more desirable to use a foam blowing mechanism to chemically react with an aqueous solution using a specific foaming agent to generate a gas (for example, carbon dioxide). Blowing the lure bait, thus enhancing the release of the lure bait and enhancing the effect of attracting mosquitoes. Due to this foam blowing mechanism, no power source is required, so it is particularly suitable for outdoor use. When used outdoors, it can be combined with insecticides or viscous substances to enhance the anti-mosquito effect. Although the present invention has been described above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Invention of the invention 16 1247579 〇6922twf2_AD~l·doc/006 Amendment date 94. 9.16 The scope of protection is subject to the definition of the patent application scope attached. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Table 2A is a front view of the apparatus in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 2B is a partial exploded view of the apparatus in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 2A. Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a mosquito bait particle release device in the device in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the installation of a mosquito bait particle release device in an underlying compartment in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a mosquito trapping device in which a mosquito bait particle releasing device is installed in a microbial medium according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] 100, 200: System devices 102, 202: Upper Compartment 104, 204: Bottom Compartment 106, 206: Thumbscrew Container 1〇 8: Top cover 110: introduction tunnels 112, 212: grid U4: heating means 116, 216: metal heaters 120, 220: first container 17 1247573⁄4 AD-l.doc/006 Revision date 9 4 · 9 · 1 6 122, 222: second container 224: lattice fixing device 226: top finger screw 226 228: bottom finger screw 230: first ring-shaped ring (O-ring) 232: second ring-shaped ring 234: collecting net 236: Fixing attachment 238: movable bottom cover 218: reverse funnel 300: particle release device 302: nozzle head 303: mosquito bait container 304: air pump 306: outer tube 308: inner tube 309: line 3 10: Notch 312: Top 314: Top hole 18