JP2012191855A - Insect pest control apparatus for plant seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus which can be brought and used in a site for growing plants such as strawberry to control insect pests during the growth period of the plants.SOLUTION: In the insect pest control apparatus for plant seedling, an enclosure (13) for forming an insect pest control space (S) in plant growth areas (4) on the lower side of a portal truck (6) capable of freely moving along the plant growth areas (4) over the plant growth areas (4) formed in a row-like state in a plant-growing green house (1), and a heated steam-producing means (25) for delivering heated steam in the insect pest control space (S) are disposed on the portal truck (6).

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus that can be brought into the planting field and used for controlling pests during the seedling period of plants such as strawberries.

  As food safety and security are increasing, reducing the use of chemically synthesized pesticides for pest control is an unavoidable issue. In the following, taking strawberry as an example, the season of strawberry is long and there are many diseases and pests. For stable production, pesticide control is indispensable, but since there are many pests resistant to chemical pesticides and the number of effective drugs is decreasing, development of control methods that do not rely on drugs is desired. In the promotion type such as strawberry, the planting of disease-free pest seedlings can reduce the carry-on of pests such as spider mites, aphids, powdery mildew into the field facilities, and stabilize the effects of biological pesticides. It has become clear. For this reason, making pests free of pests is an important means of achieving reduced pesticides in this field.Currently, pest control during seedling is dependent on chemical pesticides, and as mentioned above, it is difficult to control due to drug resistance. It is becoming. Therefore, as a pest control method for plant seedlings to replace chemical pesticides, a method to control superficial micro pests and pathogens such as spider mite and powdery mildew by immersing pot seedlings in hot water around 50 ° C, or in the center of the strain As a method for controlling parasitic cyclamen dust mites, a method for controlling pests using hot water, such as a method of irrigating 55 ° C. ± 2 ° C. hot water to the crown of the strain, has been studied. However, in these conventionally known methods of using hot water, there are various problems in practical use. In order to solve these problems, the present inventors, as shown in Non Patent Literature 1, A new pest control method was proposed.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-62116

  That is, in the conventional hot water treatment method, when it is necessary to treat a large amount of seedlings at a time like strawberry seedlings, a large aquarium is required. Necessary, enormous energy is required to heat a large amount of water, when a large amount of hot water is sprayed on a field after planting, there is concern about the occurrence of moisture damage, poor work efficiency, etc. There were various problems. In order to solve such a problem, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, the present inventors set a heating water vapor flow adjusted to a required temperature in the processing space surrounding the plant seedling, above the plant seedling. The plant seedling was exposed to the heated steam flow for a time within a range not subject to thermal injury, and a pest control method for a plant seedling was proposed. However, there has not been a sufficient proposal for a practical and suitable facility for carrying out the treatment method.

  The present invention proposes a practicable apparatus suitable for carrying out the above-described novel method for controlling plant seedlings, and pest control for plant seedlings according to the present invention according to claim 1. In order to make the device easier to understand the relationship with the examples described later, the reference symbols used in the description of the examples are attached with parentheses, and the plant growing area (4) formed in a row Form a pest control space (S) for the plant growth area (4) on the lower side of the carriage (6) in a portal-type carriage (6) movable along the plant growth area (4) across the And a heated steam generating means (25) for sending heated steam into the pest control space (S).

  When carrying out the present invention, specifically, as described in claim 2, the heated steam generating means (25) is installed inside a cover (12) provided on the carriage (6). And a fan / heater unit (11A, 11B) for sending heated air into the pest control space (S) and a humidifying means (24) for spraying water into the pest control space (S). (6) The inside space of the cover (12) on the top and the pest control space (S) communicate with each other via the openings (26a to 26e) around the fan heater unit (11A, 11B), Heated water vapor in the pest control space (S) can be returned to the intake side of the fan / heater unit (11A, 11B) via the openings (26a to 26e).

  In addition, the enclosure (13) forming the pest control space (S) is provided on both the left and right sides in the direction of movement of the carriage and has a vertical side wall (9) provided with wheels (9) on the outside. 8) and a curtain (14) depending on both the front and rear sides in the direction of movement of the carriage. Furthermore, as described in claim 4, the humidification means (24) is mounted on the damp control nozzle (19) for spraying water into the pest control space (S) and the carriage (6). A water storage tank (22) and a water supply pump (water supply unit (21)) for supplying water in the water storage tank (22) to the humidification nozzle (19) can be provided.

  According to the configuration of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a carriage is brought into a nursery site such as a plant-growing house or an open field, and the cart is straddled in a plant-growing area formed in a line at the nursery site. By operating the heating steam generating means, the heating steam is applied to the growing plant seedlings existing in a region located in the pest control space below the carriage in the row of plant growing areas. It can be exposed to heated steam at an appropriate temperature that is sent from the generating means and fills the pest control space. Therefore, by continuing this state for the required time, the desired pest control treatment can be performed on the plant seedlings that are growing in the pest control space. When the pest control processing for one area is completed in this way, the carriage is moved along the plant growing area, and the pest control space below the carriage is moved to a position covering the next treatment area. The pest control process is executed. By repeating this procedure, pest control treatment can be performed on the entire area of plant growth in a row.

  As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to easily carry out pest control treatment by bringing a cart into a nursery site such as a house for growing plants or in an open field, compared with a case where a dedicated treatment room is installed. Thus, the equipment cost can be greatly reduced. In addition, there is no need to carry in and out of the seedling container in which the plant seedlings are planted in the dedicated processing chamber, and simply move the carriage in a timely manner. Pest control treatment is also possible.

  The heated water vapor sent from the heated water vapor generating means into the pest control space below the carriage may be released to the outside through the gap of the enclosure forming the pest control space, the lower gap of the enclosure, etc. According to the configuration described in 2, since the heated water vapor sent into the pest control space can be circulated and adjusted to the appropriate temperature and appropriate humidity, the running cost can be suppressed. In addition, when using the device of the present invention in a house for plant growth, there is a risk that the atmosphere environment inside the house outside the pest control space may be deteriorated by the used heated steam flowing out from the pest control space under the carriage. Disappear.

  Moreover, according to the structure of Claim 3, the part located in the right-and-left both sides of the trolley movement direction which hardly interferes with the plant of a plant growth area at the time of trolley movement among the enclosure which forms the said pest control space is Because it is a rigid and firm vertical side wall, it can reduce the leakage of heated steam from the left and right sides of the pest control space, while it can interfere with the plants in the plant growing area when moving the carriage The front and rear sides of the moving direction of the bogie are made up of curtains that have little effect even if they come into contact with the growing plant. Even if the curtain is lowered as much as possible to reduce the gap, There is no need to remove the front and rear enclosures in the moving direction or to retreat upward, so that the structure is simple and inexpensive, and the workability is not lowered.

  The water that must be supplied to the humidifying means can be supplied from the water storage tank installed on the ground side to the humidifying means on the carriage by using a water pump and a hose. According to the configuration described in (1), there is no hose that restricts movement of the carriage, and workability can be improved. Further, in this case, since the heated steam sent into the pest control space is circulated and used, the amount of water used per unit time is relatively small, and therefore the water storage tank mounted on the carriage is also small in capacity. Good ones.

FIG. 1 is a partially longitudinal side view showing a state in which the device of the present invention is brought into a plant growing house. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the above. FIG. 3 is a partially longitudinal front view of the same as above. FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical side view of the device of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a transverse plan view of the apparatus. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal front view of the apparatus. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal front view showing a modification of the apparatus.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention device will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. A plant growing house 1 into which the present invention device is brought in is formed by stretching a transparent or translucent synthetic resin sheet in a vertical cross section of a kamaboko shape. The peripheral wall portion 2 and the end wall portion 3 formed by closing both ends in the longitudinal direction with a transparent or semi-transparent synthetic resin sheet, and at least one of the end wall portions 3 at both ends in the longitudinal direction is formed as a whole. It is formed so that it can be opened. In this plant growing house 1, row-like plant growing areas 4 along the house longitudinal direction are formed in a plurality of rows in the house width direction (three rows in the illustrated example), and each plant growing area 4 has a pest. A large number of seedling containers P in which plant seedlings to be controlled are planted are placed directly on the floor surface. On both the left and right sides of each plant growing area 4, a passage 5 is secured so that an operator can walk. The width of each plant growing area 4 is determined by the operator from all the passages 5 on both sides in the plant growing area 4. The size can handle the seedling container P.

  The apparatus of the present invention brought into the plant growing house 1 is configured by using a cart 6 that can be manually moved. This cart 6 has a portal structure that can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the plant growing area 4 while straddling one of the plant growing areas 4 in the plant growing house 1. As shown in FIGS. 4-6, the frame part 7 located in the height away from the plant seedling planted in the seedling raising container P currently mounted in the said plant growth area 4 and this frame part 7 are provided with a pair of left and right vertical side walls 8 that hang down from both left and right sides, and wheels 9 for linearly moving back and forth provided at two positions on the front and rear sides of each vertical side wall 8.

  The base frame portion 7 of the carriage 6 is provided with two front and rear base portions 10a and 10b, and the fan / heater units 11A and 11B are mounted on the base portions 10a and 10b. A dome-shaped cover 12 is formed on the frame portion 7 so as to enclose 11A and 11B. The dome-shaped cover 12 can be detachably attached to the frame portion 7 or can be pivotally supported to be openable and closable for maintenance and inspection of the fan / heater units 11A and 11B. As shown in the figure, a synthetic resin sheet 12b can be detachably stretched outside the dome-shaped frame 12a. The pair of left and right vertical side wall portions 8 can also be made of a rigid metal as a whole, but a rigid peripheral frame 8a and a transparent or stretched peripheral frame 8a so that the inside can be easily observed. It can be composed of a translucent synthetic resin sheet 8b. In this case, each wheel 9 is fixed to the surrounding frame 8a and is attached to a bracket 8c positioned outside the synthetic resin sheet 8b, and a wheel shaft support member 9a is attached to the wheel shaft support member 9a. Yes.

  Curtains 14 forming an enclosure 13 surrounding the pest control space S on the lower side of the frame portion 7 are attached to the front and rear sides of the frame portion 7 of the carriage 6 together with the pair of left and right vertical side wall portions 8. Drooping. The curtain 14 is made of a soft synthetic resin sheet having a width that is sufficiently longer than the lengths of the front and rear sides of the underframe portion 7 and is formed with a ridge so as to narrow the width. One soft synthetic resin It can be constituted by a large number of cuts vertically formed from the lower side of the sheet made of the sheet, or a plurality of soft synthetic resin strip-shaped sheet pieces arranged in parallel. The height of the lower side of the curtain 14 can be substantially the same height as the upper end of the plant seedling planted in the seedling raising container P placed in the plant growing area 4, but is adjacent to the front and rear. If it can be suspended manually between the seedling containers P, it is desirable to lower it to a height close to the floor surface. Further, a curtain 15 similar to the curtain 14 can be suspended from the pair of left and right vertical side walls 8 in order to narrow the gap between the lower side and the floor surface.

  The fan / heater units 11A and 11B have the same structure, and are composed of a fan part 17 driven by a motor 16 and a heater part 18 positioned below the fan part 16. In this case, one water supply pipe 20 to which an appropriate number of humidifying nozzles 19 are attached is attached so that each of the humidifying nozzles 19 is distributed in an appropriate arrangement and sprays water downward. One end of the water supply pipe 20 is closed, and the other end released is connected to a water storage tank 22 via a water supply unit 21 including a water supply pump. The water supply unit 21 and the water storage tank 22 are installed on a pedestal portion 23 projecting outward from one end in the front-rear direction of the frame portion 7, and the humidifying nozzle 19, the water supply pipe 20, the water supply unit 21, and the water storage tank The humidifying means 24 is constituted by 22, and the heated steam generating means 25 is constituted by the humidifying means 24 and the fan / heater units 11 A and 11 B.

  The pest control space S surrounded by a surrounding enclosure 13 below the underframe portion 7 is an opening in the vertical direction formed around each fan / heater unit 11A, 11B on the upper side, that is, each fan Vertical openings 26a and 26b formed between the left and right sides of the base parts 10a and 10b on which the heater units 11A and 11B are mounted and the base frame part 7, and the base parts 10a and 10b and the base frame. The vertical openings 26c and 26d formed between the front and rear sides of the portion 7 and the vertical openings 26e formed between the base portions 10a and 10b are used to form each of the interiors of the dome-shaped cover 12. The fan / heater units 11A and 11B communicate with the intake side (the upper side of the fan unit 17).

  In addition, the current temperature / humidity information of the heating steam flow from the temperature / humidity sensor 27 attached to the inside of the dome-shaped cover 12 (may be an appropriate place in the pest control space S) and the input time setting are set in the cart 6. Based on the information and the like, a controller 28 for automatically controlling the motor 16 and the heater unit 18 of the fan unit 17 of the fan / heater units 11A and 11B and the water supply pump of the water supply unit 21 of the humidifying means 24, etc. It is installed on a gantry 29 that protrudes outside the end of the frame 7 on the opposite side of the gantry 23 on which the water supply unit 21 and the water storage tank 22 are mounted. In addition, although not shown, each device on the carriage 6 that needs to be fed can be fed from a ground-side feeding outlet via a feeding cord of an appropriate length connected to the carriage 6.

  According to the above configuration, the fan section 17 of the fan / heater units 11A, 11B is operated by the motor 16, and the heater section 18 of the fan / heater units 11A, 11B is operated to move the heated air into the pest control space S. When the water supply unit 21 is operated downward and water is sprayed downward from the humidifying nozzles 19 of the humidifying means 24 into the pest control space S, the pest control area S is filled with heated steam at an appropriate temperature. I can do it. The heated water vapor in the pest control area S passes through the openings 26a to 26e formed in the frame portion 7 by the differential pressure above and below the fan portion 17, and the pest control space S and the dome cover 12 It will circulate in and out.

  Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the carriage 6 having the above configuration is brought into the plant growing house 1 by opening the end wall 3 at one end of the plant growing house 1, and one plant. The cart 6 is pushed and moved so that the wheels 9 on both the left and right sides of the cart 6 enter the passages 5 on the left and right sides of the growing area 4, and the cart 6 is straddled on one end of the plant growing area 4. As a result, the pest control space S on the lower side of the frame portion 7 of the cart 6 covers one end region of the plant growing area 4. In addition, depending on the length of the curtain 14 before and after the enclosure 13 of the pest control space S, it is necessary to hang down between the seedling raising containers P adjacent to each other in the plant growing area 4. In this state, the heated water vapor generating means 25 is operated as described above, and the heated water vapor having an appropriate temperature is circulated and supplied into the pest control space S, so that the inside of the seedling container P in the plant growth area 4 is within the pest control space S. The plant seedlings planted in the seedling raising container P located in can be exposed to a heated steam flow at a predetermined temperature for a required time, and a desired pest control treatment can be performed.

  When the pest control treatment for the plant seedling in the pest control space S is completed, the carriage 6 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the plant growing area 4, and the next pest control treatment region following the region where the pest control treatment is completed is the above-mentioned pest control treatment region. It is located in the pest control space S, and then the above pest control process is executed. If the pest control process for the entire area of one plant growing area 4 is completed by repeating this procedure, the carriage 6 may be moved to the plant growing area 4 in another row and the similar pest control process may be executed.

  If there is no problem even if the amount of heated steam leaking from the pest control space S into the plant growth house 1 increases slightly, the curtains 14 before and after the enclosure 13 of the pest control space S are connected to the plant growth area 4. The plant 6 is placed near the upper end of the plant seedling container P, and the carriage 6 is continuously moved along the plant growth area 4 at a slow speed, and pest control treatment for the plant growth area 4 is performed from one end of the plant growth area 4 to the other. It is also possible to carry out continuously toward the edge. Further, although the humidifying nozzle 19 that sprays water only with water pressure is used as the humidifying means 24, a humidifying means of a type that sprays water with pressurized air can be used if possible.

  Further, it is possible to provide the carriage 6 with motor-driven wheels so that it can run at a predetermined speed. Thus, when using the cart 6 which can be self-propelled, or when the cart 6 can be moved by several people, the number of rows of the plant growing area 4 which can be located in the pest control space S In some cases, it may be configured to extend over all the plant growing areas 4 in the plant growing house 1 to improve work efficiency.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the plant growing area 4 in the plant growing house 1 may be configured by shelves 30 installed on the floor surface in the plant growing house 1. In this case, although the ground height of the frame portion 7 of the carriage 6 is increased by the height of the shelf 30, the placing surface 30a of the seedling container P of the shelf 30 is structured so as not to be vertically permeable and enclosed. If the left and right vertical side wall portions 13 of 13 are arranged as close as possible to the left and right sides of the shelf 30, the heated steam supplied into the pest control space S passes through the lower space of the shelf 30 for plant growth. There is no large amount of leakage into the house 1. Of course, the curtains 14 before and after the enclosure 13 have a length that hangs down to the vicinity of the placement surface 30a of the seedling raising container P at the longest.

  The above explanation is about the pest control treatment for the plant seedlings of the seedling container P placed in the plant growth area 4 in the plant growth house 1. It can be used in the same way for plant seedlings directly planted on the plant floor formed in the plant growing area 4 in the growing house 1, and the plant growing area 4 is not in the plant growing house 1 but in the open ground. It can be used in the same way when it is formed.

  The plant seedling pest control apparatus of the present invention does not rely on chemically synthesized pesticides for plant seedlings, particularly strawberry seedlings, which require a large amount of treatment at once and are brought into an existing plant growing house, etc. And, it can be used as a simple means for pest control without using hot water.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant growth house 2 Perimeter wall part 3 End wall part 4 Plant growth area 5 Passage between plant growth areas 6 Carriage 7 Base frame part 8 Vertical side wall part 9 Wheel 10a, 10b Base part 11A, 11B Fan heater unit 12 Dome Mold cover 13 Enclosures 14 and 15 Curtain 17 Fan section 18 Heater section 19 Humidification nozzle 20 Water supply pipe 21 Water supply unit 22 Water storage tank 24 Humidification means 25 Heated steam generation means 26a to 26e Opening 27 Temperature / humidity sensor 28 Control device 30 Shelf P Nursery container S Pest control space

Claims (4)

  A gate-shaped carriage that is movable along the plant-growing area in a row and formed in a row, a fence that forms a pest-controlling space for the plant-growing area under the carriage, and the pest A plant seedling pest control apparatus provided with heating steam generation means for sending heating steam into the control space.   A fan / heater unit in which the heated water vapor generating means is installed inside a cover provided on the carriage and sends heated air into the pest control space; and a humidifying means for spraying water into the pest control space The inside space of the cover on the carriage and the pest control space communicate with each other via an opening around the fan / heater unit, and the heating steam in the pest control space passes through the opening. The plant seedling pest control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is configured to be returned to the intake side of the fan / heater unit.   The enclosure forming the pest control space is composed of vertical side wall portions provided with wheels on the left and right sides in the cart movement direction, and curtains hanging on both front and rear sides in the cart movement direction. The plant seedling pest control apparatus according to 1 or 2.   The humidifying means includes a humidifying nozzle for spraying water toward the pest control space, a water storage tank mounted on the carriage, and a water supply pump for supplying water in the water storage tank to the humidifying nozzle. The plant seedling pest control facility according to claim 2 or 3.

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