JP2021001699A - Exhaust grille and ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

To obtain an exhaust grille that can control an exhaust volume depending on air quality in a room.SOLUTION: An exhaust grille 10 comprises an exhaust passage constitution part 12, an air quality sensor 14, a damper 133, and a control unit 134. The inside of the exhaust passage constitution part 12 serves as an exhaust passage that is a passage for air exhausted from the inside of a room. The air quality sensor 14 is provided in the exhaust passage constitution part 12, and detects air quality including concentration of a contaminant in air in the room. The damper 133 adjusts an exhaust volume of air in the exhaust passage by an opening degree. The control unit 134 controls the opening degree of the damper 133 on the basis of the concentration of the contaminant detected by the air quality sensor 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an exhaust grill and a ventilation system for ventilating a room.

There is known a technique for keeping the indoor air quality in a comfortable state by performing planned ventilation using mechanical ventilation. Air quality indicates the nature of air and is indicated by, for example, the concentration of carbon dioxide or the concentration of pollutants such as odorous substances emitted from the human body. For example, in an office where many people work, when there are a large number of pollution sources in the room, the ventilation design is made in consideration of the maximum number of enrolled people. However, usually, the number of enrolled people is about 40 to 60% of the maximum number of enrolled people. Therefore, if the maximum number of enrolled persons is assumed to exist in the room and the output of the mechanical ventilation is operated at 100%, an outside air load is generated due to the ventilation, so that extra air conditioning energy is used.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a damper is provided at the exhaust port of a ventilation device to manually adjust the exhaust amount.

Tokushu Kohei No. 4-41237

However, since the air quality is invisible and it is difficult to adjust it by human senses, the technique described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it is difficult to adjust the displacement according to the indoor air quality. there were.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an exhaust grill capable of controlling the exhaust amount according to the indoor air quality.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the exhaust grill of the present invention includes an exhaust air passage component, an air quality sensor, a damper, and a control unit. The exhaust air passage component is an exhaust air passage whose inside is a passage for air exhausted from the room. The air quality sensor is provided in the exhaust air passage component and detects the air quality including the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air. The damper adjusts the amount of air exhausted in the exhaust air passage according to the opening degree. The control unit controls the opening degree of the damper based on the concentration of the pollutant detected by the air quality sensor.

According to the present invention, there is an effect that the exhaust amount can be controlled according to the indoor air quality.

Sectional drawing which shows typically an example of the structure of the ventilation apparatus including the exhaust grill which concerns on Embodiment 1. Diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control unit A flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the method of controlling the opening degree of the damper in the exhaust grill according to the first embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows another example of the structure of the ventilation apparatus which has an exhaust grill which concerns on Embodiment 1. Schematic top view showing an example of the configuration of the ventilation system using the exhaust grill according to the second embodiment. Flow chart showing an example of the procedure of the output control method of the ventilation blower in the ventilation system according to the second embodiment. Schematic top view showing an example of the configuration of the ventilation system using the exhaust grill according to the third embodiment. Flow chart showing an example of the procedure of the method of controlling the opening degree of the damper in the ventilation system according to the third embodiment.

The exhaust grill and the ventilation system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a configuration of a ventilation device including an exhaust grill according to the first embodiment. The ventilation device 1 is a device that discharges indoor air to the outside. The ventilation device 1 includes an exhaust grill 10, an exhaust duct 20, and a ventilation blower 30.

The exhaust grill 10 includes a grill portion 11 provided on the indoor side of the ceiling plate 101, which serves as an indoor air suction port, an exhaust air passage constituent portion 12 connected to the grill portion 11 and the exhaust duct 20, and an exhaust air passage. It has a damper unit 13 provided in the vicinity of the connection portion of the configuration unit 12 with the exhaust duct 20, and an air quality sensor 14 arranged in the exhaust air passage configuration unit 12. The exhaust air passage component 12 is a member that serves as an exhaust air passage whose inside is a passage for air exhausted from the room.

In one example, the damper unit 13 has a tubular pipe portion 131 fitted inside the exhaust duct 20 and a rotating shaft 132 provided in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the tubular pipe portion 131. Further, the damper unit 13 has substantially the same size as a region partitioned by the inner wall of the pipe portion 131 in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the pipe portion 131, and has a damper 133 fixed to the rotating shaft 132. Further, the damper unit 13 has a drive unit such as a motor (not shown) provided on the rotating shaft 132, and a control unit 134 that controls the drive unit. In the damper unit 13, by rotating the rotating shaft 132, the damper 133 is rotated, and the opening degree, that is, the amount of air exhausted through the pipe portion 131 can be adjusted. For example, in the case of FIG. 1, when the damper 133 is at the position of 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction R, the opening degree is in the fully closed state, and when the damper 133 is at the position of 0 degrees. , The opening is in the fully open state.

An example of the control unit 134 is a drive circuit. An input signal, which is a detection result of the air quality sensor 14, is input to the control unit 134. The control unit 134 determines the opening degree of the damper 133 based on the input signal from the air quality sensor 14, and transmits a signal for driving the damper 133 to the determined opening degree to the drive unit.

The control unit 134 is realized as a processing circuit. The processing circuit may be dedicated hardware or a circuit including a processor. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control unit. The control unit 134 has a processor 201 and a memory 202. The processor 201 and the memory 202 are connected via the bus line 203. The control unit 134 is realized by the processor 201 executing the program stored in the memory 202. Further, a plurality of processors and a plurality of memories may cooperate to realize the above function. Further, a part of the functions of the control unit 134 may be implemented as an electronic circuit which is dedicated hardware, and the other part may be realized by using the processor 201 and the memory 202.

Returning to FIG. 1, the air quality sensor 14 is a sensor capable of detecting the air quality of the exhaust flow E in the exhaust air passage component 12. The air quality sensor 14 has a probe portion 141 for holding the sensor and a support portion 142 for supporting the probe portion 141. It is desirable that the air quality sensor 14 is provided at a position where only the probe portion 141 hits the exhaust flow E so as not to significantly obstruct the air passage. Air quality is an index that indicates the concentration of pollutants such as gas or fine particles emitted from the human body or indoor environment as the nature of air. An example of the gas emitted by the human body is carbon dioxide. An example of an odorous substance emitted from the human body is ammonia. An example of a pollutant emitted from the indoor environment is hydrogen sulfide or methyl mercaptan.

As described above, the exhaust stream E contains gas or fine particles emitted from the human body or the indoor environment. Therefore, the gas sensor or the fine particle sensor is an example of the air quality sensor 14. Further, as the gas sensor, a sensor capable of detecting at least one gas selected from the above-mentioned group of carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan is used. A gas sensor is a sensor capable of detecting the concentration of at least one gas selected from the group of carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan in the air. A gas sensor capable of detecting an odor, such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, or methyl mercaptan, is also referred to as an odor sensor. The fine particle sensor is a sensor capable of detecting the concentration of fine particles in the air. The air quality sensor 14 is connected to the control unit 134 via wiring, and outputs the detection result to the control unit 134.

The exhaust duct 20 is a pipe whose one end is connected to the exhaust grill 10 and the other end is connected to the ventilation blower 30.

The ventilation blower 30 is provided after the exhaust duct 20 and has a function of exhausting indoor air to the outside. The ventilation blower 30 has one end connected to the duct and the other end connected to an opening provided in the outer wall 111. By operating the ventilation blower 30, the air in the room becomes an exhaust flow E and passes through the grill portion 11, the exhaust air passage component 12, the air quality sensor 14, the damper unit 13, the exhaust duct 20, and the ventilation blower 30. It is sent out to the outside of the room.

As described above, in the ventilation device 1, the exhaust grill 10 is integrally formed with the damper unit 13. The grill portion 11 of the exhaust grill 10 is provided on the indoor side of the ceiling plate 101. Further, an exhaust air passage component 12, a damper unit 13, an air quality sensor 14, an exhaust duct 20, and a ventilation blower 30 of the exhaust grill 10 are provided on the ceiling back 102 with the ceiling plate 101 as a boundary. ..

Here, the operation of the ventilation device 1 will be described. When the ventilation blower 30 is operated with a certain output setting while the opening degree of the damper 133 is set to a certain value, the operation of the ventilation blower 30 causes the indoor air to become the exhaust flow E as described above. , The grill portion 11, the exhaust air passage constituent portion 12, the air quality sensor 14, the damper unit 13, the exhaust duct 20, and the ventilation blower 30 are sent out to the outdoor side. The indoor air taken in from the grill portion 11 comes into contact with the air quality sensor 14 when passing through the exhaust air passage. The detection result of the air quality sensor 14 is input to the control unit 134, and the control unit 134 controls the opening degree of the damper 133 based on the detection result of the air quality sensor 14.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the method of controlling the opening degree of the damper in the exhaust grill according to the first embodiment. The method of controlling the opening degree of the damper 133 is started when the operation of the ventilation device 1 is started. First, the air quality sensor 14 detects the air quality, specifically, the concentration of pollutants, and the detection result is input to the control unit 134 (step S11). An example of a pollutant is carbon dioxide or an odorous substance.

Next, the control unit 134 determines whether the concentration of the pollutant, which is the detection result, is higher than the environmental standard value indicating the air environment required in the room (step S12). When the concentration of the pollutant is higher than the environmental standard value (Yes in step S12), the control unit 134 outputs a signal for increasing the opening degree of the damper 133 to the drive unit (step S13). As a result, the opening degree of the damper 133 is increased from the current state, and the amount of the exhaust flow E is increased. Then, the process returns to step S11.

When the concentration of the pollutant is equal to or less than the environmental standard value (No in step S12), the control unit 134 determines whether the concentration of the pollutant is 0 (step S14). The pollutant concentration of 0 includes a case where the concentration of the pollutant is completely absent and a case where the concentration of the pollutant is included in an allowable range of 0.

When the concentration of the pollutant is 0 (Yes in step S14), the control unit 134 outputs a signal to the drive unit in which the opening degree of the damper 133 is a preset value (step S15). The opening degree of the damper 133 at this time is close to fully closed. However, if it is fully closed, the flow of the exhaust flow E by the ventilation device 1 disappears, and the concentration of pollutants cannot be measured by the air quality sensor 14. Therefore, the opening degree is set so that the minimum exhaust flow E capable of measuring the concentration of pollutants in the room with the air quality sensor 14 can be obtained. Then, the process returns to step S11.

When the concentration of the pollutant is not 0 (No in step S14), the control unit 134 outputs a signal for lowering the opening degree of the damper 133 to the drive unit (step S16). However, the control unit 134 controls the damper 133 so as not to be fully closed. As a result, the opening degree of the damper 133 is reduced from the current state, and the amount of the exhaust flow E is reduced. Then, the process returns to step S11. The above processing is repeatedly executed until the operation of the ventilation device 1 is completed.

The amount of change in the opening degree of the damper 133 in step S13 or step S16 can be a predetermined value. As shown in FIG. 3, the control of the opening degree of the damper 133 is repeatedly executed until the operation of the ventilation device 1 is completed. Therefore, as the process of FIG. 3 is executed, the indoor air is executed. It is possible to realize control in which the quality gradually approaches the environmental standard value.

A specific operation when detecting indoor air quality with pollutants emitted from the human body will be described. When many people are in the room, the exhaust stream E becomes air contaminated with pollutants including carbon dioxide and odorous substances emitted from the human body. Therefore, it is easily predicted that the air quality of the exhaust flow E is worse than the indoor required air quality. In this case, by using the air quality sensor 14 that detects at least one gas of carbon dioxide and ammonia or fine particles emitted from the human body, the concentration of pollutants derived from the human body can be accurately detected.

The concentration of pollutants detected by the air quality sensor 14 is compared with the required environmental standard value of the indoor air environment. In a situation like this example, the concentration of pollutants is higher than the environmental standard value, and the control unit 134 operates the drive unit based on the concentration of pollutants to increase the opening degree of the damper 133. This makes it possible to increase the amount of exhaust flow E without changing the output setting of the ventilation blower 30. At that time, since the amount of fresh outside air sent into the room by the air supply port opened on the indoor side or the ventilation blower 30 for air supply increases as a result, the displacement can be increased.

Contrary to the above situation, when the number of people in the room is such that the concentration of pollutants is below the environmental standard value, the control unit 134 controls the concentration of pollutants below the environmental standard value. Therefore, the opening degree of the damper 133 is lowered. That is, since the concentration of pollutants in the room is low, the amount of exhaust air in the room can be reduced. In addition, by reducing the displacement, it is possible to reduce the load on the outside air due to ventilation that occurs when the indoor and outdoor thermal environments are significantly different, such as in the summer or winter.

In particular, when no one is in the room, assuming that no pollutants are emitted from the room, the exhaust flow E has an air quality almost equal to the outside air replaced by the ventilation blower 30, and ventilation itself is necessary. There is no sex. In this case, the control unit 134 can reduce the exhaust amount and suppress the outside air load due to unnecessary ventilation by setting the opening degree of the damper 133 to a predetermined opening degree close to fully closed. However, in order for the air quality sensor 14 to continuously detect the air quality, the control unit 134 is controlled so that the opening degree of the damper 133 is not fully closed.

In addition, when further detecting not only pollutants emitted from the human body but also pollutants emitted from the indoor environment, at least one gas selected from the group of carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, or the human body. Alternatively, an air quality sensor 14 that detects fine particles emitted from the indoor environment may be used.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the ventilation device having the exhaust grill according to the first embodiment. In the ventilation device 1 of FIG. 4, the air quality sensor 14 includes a temperature sensor, and a temperature sensor 15 for detecting the outdoor temperature is provided outdoors. The temperature sensor 15 is connected to the control unit 134 by wiring, and outputs the detection result to the control unit 134. The detection results of the temperature sensor included in the air quality sensor 14 and the temperature sensor 15 provided outdoors are input to the control unit 134. The control unit 134 compares the indoor temperature obtained from the temperature sensor of the air quality sensor 14 with the outdoor temperature obtained from the outdoor temperature sensor 15, and when it is necessary to lower the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature is increased. It further has a function of controlling the drive unit so that the opening degree of the damper 133 is fully opened when the temperature is lower than the room temperature. An example of a case where it is necessary to lower the indoor temperature is a case where the set value of the indoor temperature is set lower than the outdoor temperature and the air conditioning is controlled so as to be the set value of the indoor temperature. By performing such control, when the outside air temperature is lower than inside the building, or when the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is very small such as spring or autumn, and the heat generation load generated indoors is large. , Outside air can be cooled by inflowing outside air from the air supply port provided in the building to be ventilated. Further, when the outdoor temperature is equal to or higher than the indoor temperature, the control unit 134 performs the control shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. The same components as those described with reference to FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Further, when the temperature of the place where the ventilation device 1 is installed tends to be determined by the season, a seasonal determination unit such as a clock may be provided outside without using the temperature sensor as shown in FIG. In this case, the control unit 134 obtains a seasonal signal from the seasonal determination unit and controls the opening degree of the damper 133 based on the seasonal signal. For example, the control unit 134 determines whether the time when the seasonal signal is obtained is the time when the indoor temperature needs to be lowered and the outdoor temperature tends to be lower than the indoor temperature. Then, the control unit 134 fully opens the opening degree of the damper 133 when the time when the seasonal signal is obtained is the time when it is necessary to lower the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature tends to be lower than the indoor temperature. The drive unit may be controlled so as to be. Depending on the area, summer nights, or spring or autumn, are examples of times when indoor temperatures need to be lowered and outdoor temperatures tend to be lower than indoor temperatures.

In the first embodiment, an air quality sensor 14 for detecting the air quality of the exhaust flow E is provided in the exhaust air passage component 12 of the exhaust grill 10 provided in the ventilation device 1, and the concentration of pollutants in the air quality sensor 14 is adjusted. A control unit 134 is provided to change the opening degree of the damper 133 accordingly. The control unit 134 increases the opening degree of the damper 133 to increase the amount of the exhaust flow E when the concentration of the pollutant is higher than the environmental standard value, and when the concentration of the pollutant is less than the environmental standard value, , The opening degree of the damper 133 is lowered to reduce the amount of the exhaust flow E. This has the effect that the exhaust amount can be controlled according to the indoor air quality. Further, when the opening degree of the damper 133 is increased, the amount of the exhaust flow E can be increased without changing the output setting of the ventilation blower 30. Further, when there is no person in the room, the exhaust amount is reduced, so that the outside air load due to unnecessary ventilation can be suppressed.

Further, the control unit 134 is set to fully open the damper 133 when the outdoor temperature becomes lower than the indoor temperature. This also has the effect of being able to perform outdoor air cooling when the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is very small and the heat generation load generated indoors is large.

Embodiment 2.
In the first embodiment, a ventilation device having one exhaust grill in one room and one ventilation blower connected to the exhaust grill has been described. In the second embodiment, a ventilation system including a plurality of exhaust grills provided in a plurality of rooms and one ventilation blower connected to the exhaust grills will be described.

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view showing an example of the configuration of the ventilation system using the exhaust grill according to the second embodiment. In this example, the interior of the building is divided into multiple rooms with different volumes. Three rooms Ra, Rb, and Rc having different volumes are provided in the building, and the volumes increase in the order of room Rb, room Ra, and room Rc. A ventilation system 1A is provided in this building. The ventilation system 1A includes exhaust grills 10A, 10B, 10C provided on the ceilings of each room Ra, Rb, Rc, one ventilation blower 30, and exhaust grills 10A, 10B, 10C and ventilation blower 30, respectively. It has exhaust ducts 20A, 20B, 20C to be connected, and an exhaust duct 21 to connect the ventilation blower 30 and the outside. The configurations of the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C are the same as those described in the first embodiment, except that they further include an output port that outputs information on the opening degree of the damper 133 to the control device 40 described later. Further, the configuration of the ventilation blower 30 is also the same as that described in the first embodiment. As described above, in the ventilation system 1A of FIG. 5, each room Ra, Rb, Rc is exhausted by one ventilation blower 30, installed on the ceiling of each room Ra, Rb, Rc, and connected to the ventilation blower 30. The air volume of each room Ra, Rb, Rc is automatically adjusted through the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C.

Each room Ra, Rb, Rc is provided with air supply ports 105a, 105b, 105c1, 105c2 corresponding to the volumes of each room Ra, Rb, Rc. That is, the room Ra is provided with the air supply port 105a, the room Rb is provided with the air supply port 105b, and the room Rc is provided with two air supply ports 105c1 and 105c2. Then, from the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, 10C provided corresponding to each room Ra, Rb, Rc, the indoor air is sucked by the ventilation blower 30 for exhaust, and is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust duct 21.

The ventilation system 1A of FIG. 5 further includes a control device 40 that controls the entire ventilation system 1A. The control device 40 is connected to the control unit 134 of each of the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, 10C and the ventilation blower 30. The control device 40 includes the control unit 134 of each exhaust grill 10A, 10B, 10C and the output of the ventilation blower 30 based on the information of the opening degree of the damper 133 from the control unit 134 of each exhaust grill 10A, 10B, 10C. , Are controlled individually. Specifically, the control device 40 calculates the total value of the opening degree of the damper 133 from the opening degree of the damper 133 of each exhaust grill 10A, 10B, 10C, and is ideal corresponding to the total value of the opening degree of the damper 133. The output value of the ventilation blower 30 is controlled by comparing the output value of the ventilation blower 30 with the output value of the ventilation blower 30 at the time when the total value of the opening degrees of the damper 133 is calculated. For example, when the output value of the actual ventilation blower 30 is larger than the output value of the ideal ventilation blower 30 corresponding to the total opening value of the damper 133, the control device 40 controls the output of the ventilation blower 30. Change the value to the output value of the ideal ventilation blower 30. On the contrary, when the actual output value of the ventilation blower 30 is smaller than the ideal output value of the ventilation blower 30 with respect to the total opening value of the damper 133, the control device 40 sets the output value of the ventilation blower 30. Is changed to the output value of the ventilation blower 30. In one example, the output value of the ideal ventilation blower 30 is obtained by an experiment in advance for each total value of the opening degrees of the damper 133. Further, the output value of the ideal ventilation blower 30 may be obtained by an experiment in advance for each predetermined range of the total value of the opening degrees of the damper 133.

The control device 40 is realized as a processing circuit. The processing circuit may be dedicated hardware or a circuit including a processor. The hardware configuration of the control device 40 is similar to that shown in FIG. 2, and includes a processor and a memory. The processor and memory are connected via a bus line. The control device 40 is realized by the processor executing the program stored in the memory. Further, a plurality of processors and a plurality of memories may cooperate to realize the above function. Further, a part of the functions of the control device 40 may be implemented as an electronic circuit which is dedicated hardware, and the other part may be realized by using a processor and a memory.

Next, the operation of the ventilation system 1A will be described. The operations of the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus are omitted. The ventilation system 1A of the second embodiment is effective when the required exhaust amounts are different in the plurality of rooms Ra, Rb, and Rc. For example, when a pollutant having a concentration higher than the environmental standard value is detected in the exhaust grill 10A and a pollutant having a concentration lower than the environmental standard value is detected in the exhaust grills 10B and 10C, the damper 133 of the exhaust grill 10A is fully opened. By narrowing down the dampers 133 of the exhaust grills 10B and 10C to a state close to fully closed, it is possible to intensively increase the exhaust air volume from the exhaust grills 10A.

However, at this time, even in the exhaust grills 10B and 10C, the concentrations of the pollutants in the rooms Rb and Rc can be continuously monitored by flowing a small air volume without fully closing the damper 133. When the concentration of the pollutant is equal to or higher than the reference value, the indoor air quality can be kept comfortable by increasing the opening degree of the damper 133 to increase the air volume. In order to enable such control, as the ventilation blower 30 for exhaust, a model capable of taking a larger displacement than the total value of the maximum air volumes required for ventilation of each room Ra, Rb, Rc is selected. To.

When a ventilation blower 30 capable of covering an exhaust volume larger than the total value of the maximum air volume required for ventilation in the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C is used, the ventilation blower 30 is always operated at the maximum output for ventilation. Then, not only the ventilation load but also the power of the ventilation blower 30 becomes excessive. Therefore, information on the opening degree of the damper 133 is input to the control device 40 from each of the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C, and the control device 40 controls the output of the ventilation blower 30 based on the information on the opening degree of the damper 133.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the output control method of the ventilation blower in the ventilation system according to the second embodiment. The output control method of the ventilation blower 30 is started when the operation of the ventilation system 1A is started. First, the control device 40 acquires the openings of the dampers 133 of all the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, 10C (step S31), and calculates the sum of the openings of the dampers 133 of all the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, 10C. (Step S32).

Next, the control device 40 acquires an output reference value capable of operating the ventilation blower 30 set with respect to the sum of the opening degrees of the damper 133 (step S33). The output reference value with respect to the sum of the opening degrees of the damper 133 is obtained in advance by a method such as calculation. In one example, when the dampers 133 of the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C are opened by the sum of the opening degrees of a certain damper 133, the minimum air volume required to exhaust all the rooms Ra, Rb, and Rc. The output value of the ventilation blower 30 for obtaining the above is the output reference value. Then, the control device 40 acquires the output value of the current ventilation blower 30 (step S34).

After that, the control device 40 determines whether the current output value of the ventilation blower 30 is larger than the output reference value set for the sum of the opening degrees of the damper 133 (step S35). When the current output value is larger than the output reference value (Yes in step S35), the control device 40 lowers the output value of the ventilation blower 30 to the output reference value (step S36). After that, the process returns to step S31.

When the current output value is equal to or less than the output reference value (No in step S35), the control device 40 raises the output value of the ventilation blower 30 to the output reference value (step S37). After that, the process returns to step S31. Then, the above processing is repeatedly executed until the operation of the ventilation system 1A is completed.

In the second embodiment, when the inside of the building is partitioned by a plurality of rooms Ra, Rb, Rc, exhaust grills 10A, 10B, 10C are provided in each room Ra, Rb, Rc, and the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, 10B, respectively. 10C was connected by one ventilation blower 30. The exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C are subjected to the same processing as in the first embodiment. The control device 40 acquires the opening degree of the damper 133 from each of the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C, and calculates the sum of the opening degree of the damper 133. The control device 40 compares the sum of the opening degrees of the damper 133 with the output reference value capable of operating the ventilation blower 30 set for the sum of the opening degrees of the damper 133, and is based on the comparison result. The output of the ventilation blower 30 is controlled. As a result, for example, when the ventilation blower 30 is operated at the maximum output value, if the sum of the openings of the dampers 133 of the exhaust grills 10A, 10B, and 10C is close to fully closed, the ventilation blower 30 Decrease the output. As a result, it is possible to reduce the ventilation load and the excessive power of the ventilation blower 30 when the ventilation blower 30 is operated at the maximum output value. That is, it is possible to realize a ventilation system 1A with higher energy saving while maintaining the indoor air quality.

Embodiment 3.
As shown in FIG. 5 of the second embodiment, when the large space in the building is exhausted by the ventilation blower, the distribution of the number of people in the room per floor area is uneven, or the pollution source is the indoor space. In some cases, such as when the ventilation port is biased to a corner, a method of reducing the variation in the spatial distribution of ventilation efficiency as much as possible may be taken by providing multiple exhaust ports. In the third embodiment, a ventilation system capable of suppressing the variation in the concentration of the pollutant in the space when the concentration of the pollutant in the space varies will be described.

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view showing an example of the configuration of the ventilation system using the exhaust grill according to the third embodiment. The ventilation system 1A includes four exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G installed on the ceiling of one room R1 in the building, these exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G, and exhaust ducts 20D, 20E, 20F. It has one ventilation blower 30 connected via 20G, an exhaust duct 21 that connects the rear stage of the ventilation blower 30 and the outer wall of the building, and a control device 40 that controls the entire ventilation system 1A. Further, the room R1 is provided with air supply ports 105d, 105e, 105f, 105g.

In the third embodiment, the control device 40 acquires the concentration of the pollutant and the opening degree of the damper 133 from all the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G, and the concentration of the pollutant is the exhaust grill 10D, 10E. , 10F, 10G are instructed to correct the opening degree of the damper 133 to the control units 134 of the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G so that they are the same at the installation positions. Since the configurations of the other exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G and the ventilation blower 30 are the same as those described in the first and second embodiments, the description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation of the ventilation system 1A will be described. Since the operations of the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted. Further, since the output control method of the ventilation blower 30 by the control device 40 is the same as that of the second embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the method of controlling the opening degree of the damper in the ventilation system according to the third embodiment. The method of controlling the opening degree of the damper 133 is started when the operation of the ventilation system 1A is started. First, the control device 40 acquires the concentration of pollutants from all the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G (step S51), and acquires the opening degree of the damper 133 of all the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G. (Step S52).

Then, the control device 40 determines whether or not the concentration of the acquired pollutant varies (step S53). In one example, if the pollutant concentrations match within the margin of error, then the pollutant concentrations are assumed to be consistent, and if the pollutant concentrations vary beyond the error range, then there is no variation. It is assumed that the concentration of pollutants varies.

When the pollutant concentration varies (Yes in step S53), the control device 40 sets the control device 40 so that the pollutant concentration is uniform in all the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G. The opening degree of the damper 133 of the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G is calculated (step S54). After that, the control device 40 instructs the control unit 134 of each exhaust grill 10 to change to the calculated opening degree of the damper 133 (step S55). When the control unit 134 of each of the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G receives an instruction to change the opening degree of the damper 133, the control unit 134 changes the opening degree of the damper 133 according to the instruction. As a result, variations in the concentration of pollutants in the indoor space are suppressed, and the indoor air quality is kept uniform. After that, the process returns to step S51.

If there is no variation in the concentration of the pollutant in step S53 (No in step S53), the process returns to step S51. That is, since there is no variation in the concentration of pollutants in the room, the opening degree of the damper 133 of each of the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G is maintained as it is. Then, it is repeatedly executed until the operation of the ventilation system 1A is completed.

In the third embodiment, a plurality of exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G are provided in one room R1, and the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G are connected by one ventilation blower 30. The exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G are subjected to the same processing as in the first embodiment. The control device 40 acquires the concentration of pollutants and the opening degree of the damper 133 from each of the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G, and makes the concentration of pollutants uniform in all the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G. The opening degree of the damper 133 of each of the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G is calculated. Then, the control unit 134 of each exhaust grill 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G is instructed to change to the calculated opening degree of the damper 133. As a result, the control unit 134 of each exhaust grill 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G changes the opening degree of the damper 133. As a result, it is possible to suppress variations in the concentration of pollutants in the room, more specifically, variations in the spatial distribution of ventilation efficiency, and have the effect of maintaining uniform indoor air quality.

Further, the control device 40 operates the ventilation blower 30 which is acquired from each of the exhaust grills 10D, 10E, 10F, and 10G and is set for the sum of the opening degrees of the damper 133 and the sum of the opening degrees of the damper 133. By comparing with the output reference value that can be made and controlling the output of the ventilation blower 30 based on the comparison result, the ventilation system 1A with higher energy saving while keeping the indoor air quality uniform. Can be.

The configuration shown in the above-described embodiment shows an example of the content of the present invention, can be combined with another known technique, and is one of the configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is also possible to omit or change the part.

1 Ventilation device, 1A ventilation system, 10,10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G Exhaust grill, 11 Grill part, 12 Exhaust air passage component part, 13 Damper unit, 14 Air quality sensor, 15 Temperature sensor, 20, 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F, 20G, 21 Exhaust duct, 30 Ventilation blower, 40 Controller, 101 Ceiling plate, 102 Ceiling back, 111 Outer wall, 131 Pipe, 132 Rotating shaft, 133 damper , 134 Control unit, E Exhaust flow.

Claims (10)

The exhaust air passage component, which is the exhaust air passage that is the passage of air that is exhausted from the room inside,
An air quality sensor provided in the exhaust air passage component to detect the air quality including the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air, and an air quality sensor.
A damper that adjusts the displacement of the air in the exhaust air passage according to the opening degree,
A control unit that controls the opening degree of the damper based on the concentration of the pollutant detected by the air quality sensor.
An exhaust grill characterized by being equipped with. The exhaust grill according to claim 1, wherein the control unit increases the opening degree of the damper when the concentration of the pollutant detected by the air quality sensor is higher than the reference value. The exhaust grill according to claim 1, wherein the control unit lowers the opening degree of the damper when the concentration of the pollutant detected by the air quality sensor is lower than a reference value. The exhaust grill according to claim 3, wherein the control unit sets the opening degree of the damper to a predetermined value when the concentration of the pollutant detected by the air quality sensor is 0. .. Further equipped with a first temperature sensor that detects the outdoor temperature, which is the temperature of the outdoor air,
The air quality sensor has a second temperature sensor that detects a room temperature, which is the temperature of the air in the room.
The control unit fully opens the opening degree of the damper when the set value of the indoor temperature is set lower than the outdoor temperature and when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature. The exhaust grill according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that. The exhaust grill according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air quality sensor includes at least one of a gas sensor and a fine particle sensor. The exhaust grill according to claim 6, wherein the gas sensor detects at least one gas selected from the group of carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan. The plurality of exhaust grills according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A ventilation blower that exhausts the air in the room through the plurality of exhaust grills,
A control device that controls the output of the ventilation blower and
Ventilation system characterized by being equipped with. The control device is
The opening degree of the damper is acquired from the control unit of the plurality of exhaust grills, and the sum of the opening degree of the damper is calculated.
It is characterized in that the output value of the ventilation blower is controlled based on the output reference value that can operate the ventilation blower set with respect to the sum of the opening degrees of the damper and the output value of the ventilation blower. The ventilation system according to claim 8. The control device is
Obtaining the concentration of the pollutant from the plurality of exhaust grills,
It is determined whether the concentration of the pollutant varies among the plurality of exhaust grills, and it is determined.
When the concentration of the pollutant varies, the opening degree of the damper of the plurality of exhaust grills is calculated so that the concentration of the pollutant becomes uniform in the plurality of exhaust grills.
The ventilation system according to claim 9, wherein the control unit of the plurality of exhaust grills controls the opening degree of the damper based on the calculated opening degree of the damper.

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