JP2020511461A - 多形化合物およびその使用 - Google Patents
多形化合物およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/38—Nitrogen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
- C07C309/02—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/03—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、毒性アルデヒドのスカベンジャーとして作用する小分子治療剤の投与による、アルデヒド毒性が病態形成に関係している様々な状態を処置するのに有用な様々な形態および組成物、ならびに方法に関する。
細胞における代謝過程および炎症過程は、毒性アルデヒド、例えば、マロンジアルデヒド(MDA)、4−ヒドロキシル−2−ノネナール(4HNE)、グリオキサールおよびメチルグリオキサールを生じさせる。これらのアルデヒドは、タンパク質、炭水化物、脂質およびDNAと高度に反応性であり、化学修飾された生物学的分子、炎症メディエーター、例えば、NF−カッパBの活性化、および多種多様な器官の損傷をもたらす。例えば、レチンアルデヒドは、ホスファチジルエタノールアミン(PE)と反応して、加齢黄斑変性(AMD)の発達および進行に関与していると考えられるリポフスチンの構成成分であるA2Eと呼ばれる高度に毒性の化合物を形成することができる。多くの身体防御機構は、アルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼによる代謝、分子、例えばGSHによる緩衝化、およびトランスポーター、例えばABCA4による潜在的な毒性部位からの除去を含む、毒性アルデヒドを除去またはそのレベルを低下させるように機能する。新規な小分子治療剤を使用して、網膜における「逃れた」レチンアルデヒドをスカベンジし、こうしてA2Eの形成を低減させ、AMDのリスクを低下させることができる(Jordanら(2006年))。
従って、アルデヒド毒性が病態形成に関係している疾患、障害、または状態を処置し、予防し、かつ/またはそのリスクを低減する方法についての必要性が残っている。
本発明の化合物およびその組成物は、アルデヒド毒性が病態形成に関係している疾患、障害、または状態を処置し、予防し、かつ/またはそのリスクを低減するのに有用であることが今や見出された。一般に、塩形態または遊離塩基形態、および薬学的に許容されるそれらの組成物は、本明細書において詳細に記載されている種々の疾患または障害を処置する、またはそれらの重症度を低下させるのに有用である。このような化合物は、化合物Aとして表される以下の化学構造:
本発明のある特定の態様の一般説明
2012年12月10日に出願し、US2013/0190500として2013年7月25日に公開された、米国特許出願番号US13/709,802(その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれている、「第’500号公報(the '500 publication)」)は、ある特定のアルデヒドスカベンジ化合物を記載している。このような化合物は、化合物A:
化合物Aは種々の物理形態で存在することができることが企図されている。例えば、化合物Aは、溶液、懸濁液で、または固体形態で存在することができる。ある特定の実施形態では、化合物Aは、固体形態にある。化合物Aが固体形態にある場合、前記化合物は、非晶質、結晶、またはそれらの混合物であってもよい。例示的な固体形態は、以下に一層詳細に記載されている。
一部の実施形態では、化合物Aの形態Aは、以下の表1に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一部の実施形態では、化合物Aの形態Bは、以下の表2に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一部の実施形態では、酸および化合物Aはイオン結合して、以下に記載されている化合物1〜9のうちの1つを形成する。化合物1〜9は、種々の物理形態で存在することができることが企図されている。例えば、化合物1〜9は、溶液、懸濁液で、または固体形態で存在することができる。ある特定の実施形態では、化合物1〜9は固体形態にある。化合物1〜9が固体形態にある場合、前記化合物は、非晶質、結晶、またはそれらの混合物であってもよい。化合物1〜9の例示的なこのような固体形態は、以下に一層詳細に記載されている。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物1によって表される、化合物Aのメシル酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物1の形態Aは、以下の表3に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一部の実施形態では、化合物1の形態Bは、以下の表4に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物2によって表される、化合物Aのベシル酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物2の形態Aは、以下の表5に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一部の実施形態では、化合物2の形態Bは、以下の表6に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物3によって表される、化合物Aの硫酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物3の形態Aは、以下の表7に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物4によって表される、化合物Aのトシル酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物4の形態Aは、以下の表8に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物5によって表される、化合物Aの塩酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物5の形態Aは、以下の表9に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物6によって表される、化合物Aのシュウ酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物6の形態Aは、以下の表10に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物7によって表される、化合物Aのリン酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物7の形態Aは、以下の表11に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物8によって表される、化合物Aのカンシル酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物8の形態Aは、以下の表12に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
一実施形態によれば、本発明は、化合物9によって表される、化合物Aの酒石酸塩:
一部の実施形態では、化合物9の形態Aは、以下の表13に列挙されているピークから選択される少なくとも1つ、2つ、3つ、4つまたは5つのスペクトルピークを有する。
化合物Aは、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれている、第’500号公報に詳細に記載されている方法に従って調製する。その式がとりわけ塩化合物1〜9、および/またはその特定の形態を包含する、一般式Xの塩化合物は、以下の一般スキームに従って、化合物Aから調製される。
化合物A:
本明細書に記載のある特定の化合物は、毒性アルデヒド、例えば、MDAおよびHNEをスカベンジするのに有用であることが見出されている。本明細書に記載の化合物は、MDA、HNE、または他の毒性アルデヒドとのシッフ塩基縮合を起こし、エネルギー的に起こりやすい反応でアルデヒドと錯体を形成し、したがって、タンパク質、脂質、炭水化物、またはDNAとの反応に利用され得るアルデヒドを減少させるかまたは排除する。重要なことに、本明細書に記載の化合物は、アルデヒドと反応して、アルデヒドを含有する閉環構造を有する化合物を形成することができ、したがってアルデヒドを捕捉し、アルデヒドが細胞環境中に再び放出されることを予防する。
しくはリポフスチンの蓄積が関与する網膜疾患の他の形態を処置または予防するための他の方法、例えば光線力学療法と組み合わせてもよい。例えば、患者は、1つもしくは複数の疾患または障害に対する、1つよりも多い療法により処置されうる。例えば、患者は、一方の目が萎縮型のAMDに罹患しており、このAMDは、本発明の化合物により処置され、他方の目が滲出型のAMDを罹患しており、このAMDは、例えば、光線力学療法により処置される。
一部の実施形態では、本開示の化合物は、糖尿病性黄斑浮腫(DME)を処置するために有効な量で投与される。一部の実施形態では、処置のための糖尿病性黄斑浮腫は、非臨床的に深刻な黄斑浮腫(非CSME)である。一部の実施形態では、処置のための糖尿病性黄斑浮腫は、臨床的に深刻な黄斑浮腫(CSME)である。
本発明の方法による化合物および組成物は、上で提示されている障害を処置する、またはその重症度を低下させるのに有効な任意の量および任意の投与経路を使用して投与される。必要とされる正確な量は、被験体の種、年齢および全身状態、感染の重症度、特定の薬剤、その投与方式などに応じて、被験体毎に様々である。本発明の化合物は、投与の容易さおよび投与量の均一性のために、投薬単位形態(dosage unit form)で好ましくは製剤化される。表現「投薬単位形態」とは、本明細書において使用する場合、処置される患者に適切な、薬剤の物理的に個別の単位を指す。しかし、本発明の化合物および組成物の1日の全使用量は、妥当な医学的判断の範囲内で、担当医によって決定されることが理解される。任意の特定の患者または生物に対する具体的な有効用量レベルは、処置される障害および障害の重症度;用いられる具体的な化合物の活性;用いられる具体的な組成物;患者の年齢、体重、全般的な健康、性別および食事;用いられる具体的な化合物の投与時間、投与経路および排出速度;処置の持続時間;用いられる具体的な化合物と組み合わせて、または同時に使用される薬物、ならびに医療分野において周知の同様の因子を含めた、種々の因子に依存する。
処置される具体的な状態または疾患に応じて、その状態を処置するために、通常、投与される追加の治療剤は、本発明の化合物および組成物と組み合わせて投与されてもよい。本明細書で使用する場合、具体的な疾患または状態を処置するために、通常、投与される追加の治療剤は、「処置されている疾患または状態に適切なもの」として公知である。
以下の実施例に示されている通り、ある特定の例示的な実施形態では、化合物は、以下の一般手順に従って調製される。一般的な方法は、本発明のある特定の化合物の合成を示しているが、以下の一般的な方法、および当業者に公知の他の方法が、すべての化合物、ならびに本明細書に記載のこれらの化合物のそれぞれのサブクラスおよび種に適用されうることが理解される。
粉末X線回折パターンは、2つの機器、Bruker AXS C2 GADDS回折計またはBruker AXS D8 Advance回折計のどちらか一方で収集した。
化合物Aの一般調製
2Lの丸底フラスコに、エタノール(220mL)およびピリジン(31g、392mmol)を投入し、得られた溶液を、窒素下、温和なかき混ぜ速度で撹拌した。この溶液に、ブロモピルビン酸エチル(76.6g、354mmol)を、遅い安定液流で添加した。反応混合物を65±5℃で2時間、撹拌した。
実施例1における2時間の撹拌時間の完了時に、反応混合物を18〜22℃にゆっくりと冷却した。フラスコに3回、真空パージして、この時点で、長いプラスチック製漏斗を使用して、2−アミノ−5−クロロ−ベンズアルデヒド(ACB)(50.0g、321mmol)を固体として、反応フラスコに直接、添加した。ピリジン(64.0g、809mmol)を添加し、続いてEtOHすすぎ液(10mL)を添加し、反応混合物を窒素下、80±3℃で約16時間(一晩)、加熱し、この時点で、HPLC分析により、反応は効果的に完了したことが示された。
実施例2からの反応混合物を約70℃に冷却し、2Lの反応フラスコに滴下漏斗を使用して、モルホリン(76.0g、873mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を約2.5時間、80±2℃で加熱し、この時点で、反応は、HPLC分析により完了していると考えられた(A−3の面積%の増加が停止している)。クエンチ、後処理および単離のために、反応混合物を10〜15℃に冷却した。
2Lの反応フラスコに、滴下漏斗を使用して、30〜60分間かけて水(600g)を投入し、添加速度を調整し、冷却浴を使用することにより、温度を15℃未満に維持した。反応混合物を10〜15℃でさらに45分間、撹拌し、次いで、ブフナー漏斗を使用する濾過によって、粗製A−3を単離した。ケーキを水(100mL×4)で洗浄して、各回、ケーキに水を浸透させた後、真空を適用した。ケーキを空気乾燥して、粗製A−3をほぼ乾燥した茶色固体として得た。ケーキを2Lの反応フラスコに戻し、ヘプタン(350mL)およびEtOH(170mL)を添加し、混合物を30〜60分間、70±3℃に加熱した。スラリーを0〜5℃に冷却し、真空下で濾過することにより単離した。A−3を真空下、および35±3℃で一晩(16〜18時間)、真空乾燥オーブン中で乾燥して、A−3を、暗緑色固体として得た。
2Lの丸底フラスコにメチルマグネシウムクロリド(THF中の3.0M溶液を200mL、600mmol)を投入した。溶液を、氷浴を使用して、0〜5℃に冷却した。
化合物Aの遊離塩基形態AおよびBの調製
化合物Aの形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物Aの形態Bは、以下の通り調製した。
この一連の実験は、様々な溶媒および溶媒組合せを使用して行った。交差種添加実験(cross-seeding experiment)を、ある範囲の温度で行い、形態Aと形態Bとの間の関係を明確にする一助にした。
化合物1の形態AおよびBの調製
化合物1の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物1の形態Bは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物2の形態AおよびBの調製
化合物2の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物2の形態Bは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物3の形態Aの調製
化合物3の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物4の形態Aの調製
化合物4の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物5の形態Aの調製
化合物5の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物6の形態Aの調製
化合物6の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物7の形態Aの調製
化合物7の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物8の形態AおよびBの調製
化合物8の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物9の形態Aの調製
化合物9の形態Aは、以下の通り調製した。
化合物1および3〜8に関する水溶解度研究
塩化合物1および3〜8の水溶解度研究は、較正曲線によって決定した。化合物1および3〜8はそれぞれ、5種の異なる濃度レベルで調製し(例えば、0.25mM、0.5mM、0.75mM、1.0mMおよび2.0mM)、各塩に関する較正曲線を、塩溶液濃度に対してHPLC応答測定値をプロットして導いた。
Claims (21)
- 化合物1:
- 結晶である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 非晶質化合物1を実質的に含まない結晶性固体である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 不純物を実質的に含まない、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 約9.3、約16.9および約26.4度の2θのピークから選択される、そのXRPDにおける1つまたは複数のピークを有する、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 約9.3、約16.9および約26.4度の2θのピークから選択される、そのXRPDにおける少なくとも2つのピークを有する、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- 形態Aの化合物である、請求項6に記載の化合物。
- 図5に図示されているXRPDと実質的に類似したXRPDを有する、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 約9.6、約19.1および約28.8度の2θのピークから選択される、そのXRPDにおける1つまたは複数のピークを有する、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 約9.6、約19.1および約28.8度の2θのピークから選択される、そのXRPDにおける少なくとも2つのピークを有する、請求項9に記載の化合物。
- 形態Bの化合物である、請求項10に記載の化合物。
- 図7に図示されているXRPDと実質的に類似したXRPDを有する、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 請求項1に記載の化合物および薬学的に許容されるキャリア、賦形剤またはビヒクルを含む、薬学的に許容される組成物。
- 患者における、アルデヒド毒性が病態形成に関係している状態を処置する方法であって、前記患者に、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその組成物を投与することを含む方法。
- 前記患者に追加の治療剤を投与することをさらに含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 形態AもしくはBの化合物A:
化合物4:
化合物5:
化合物6:
化合物7:
化合物8:
または
化合物9:
から選択される化合物。 - 請求項16に記載の化合物および薬学的に許容されるキャリア、賦形剤またはビヒクルを含む、薬学的に許容される組成物。
- 患者における、アルデヒド毒性が病態形成に関係している状態を処置する方法であって、前記患者に、請求項17に記載の組成物を投与することを含む方法。
- 前記患者に追加の治療剤を投与することをさらに含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 式Xの塩化合物:
A:
- (a)好適な前記酸がメタンスルホン酸であり、これにより、化合物Aのメシル酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記メシル酸塩を形態Aもしくは形態Bに結晶化させる、
(b)好適な前記酸がベンゼンスルホン酸であり、これにより、化合物Aのベシル酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記ベシル酸塩を結晶化させて形態Aもしくは形態Bを形成させる、
(c)好適な前記酸が硫酸であり、これにより、化合物Aの硫酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記硫酸塩を結晶化させて形態Aを形成させる、
(d)好適な前記酸がp−トルエンスルホン酸であり、これにより、化合物Aのトシル酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記トシル酸塩を結晶化させて形態Aを形成させる、
(e)好適な前記酸が塩酸であり、これにより、化合物Aの塩酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記塩酸塩を結晶化させて形態Aを形成させる、
(f)好適な前記酸がシュウ酸であり、これにより、化合物Aのシュウ酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記シュウ酸塩を結晶化させて形態Aを形成させる、
(g)好適な前記酸がリン酸であり、これにより、化合物Aのリン酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記リン酸塩を結晶化させて形態Aを形成させる、
(h)好適な前記酸がカンファースルホン酸であり、これにより、化合物Aのカンシル酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記カンシル酸塩を結晶化させて形態Aを形成させる、または
(i)好適な前記酸が酒石酸であり、これにより、化合物Aの酒石酸塩を形成し、必要に応じて、前記酒石酸塩(tatrate salt)を再結晶化させて形態Aを形成させる、請求項20に記載の方法。
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WO2018170476A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
EP3596040B1 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
US20180265474A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
CN110431130A (zh) | 2019-11-08 |
EP3596040A4 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
JP2023033426A (ja) | 2023-03-10 |
US10414732B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 |
EP3596040A1 (en) | 2020-01-22 |
CA3054811A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
MX2019010576A (es) | 2019-10-07 |
AU2018234919A1 (en) | 2019-09-19 |
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