JP2020182890A - 燃焼灰の処理方法及びシステム、並びに、石油系燃料燃焼プラント - Google Patents
燃焼灰の処理方法及びシステム、並びに、石油系燃料燃焼プラント Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 324
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 title abstract description 194
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- -1 and Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
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- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
- B03B4/06—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using fixed and inclined tables ; using stationary pneumatic tables, e.g. fluidised beds
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/04—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for furnace residues, smeltings, or foundry slags
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G31/00—Compounds of vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
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- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/60—Combustion in a catalytic combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
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- F23J2700/00—Ash removal, handling and treatment means; Ash and slag handling in pulverulent fuel furnaces; Ash removal means for incinerators
- F23J2700/003—Ash removal means for incinerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
- F23J2900/01001—Sorting and classifying ashes or fly-ashes from the combustion chamber before further treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
石油系燃料を燃焼する燃焼炉から排出された燃焼灰の処理方法であって、
前記燃焼灰を乾式分離法により重質分と軽質分とに分離すること、
前記軽質分を前記燃焼炉へ燃料として供給すること、及び、
前記重質分を回収すること、を含むことを特徴としている。
石油系燃料を燃焼する燃焼炉から排出された燃焼灰の処理システムであって、
前記燃焼灰を重質分と軽質分とに分離する乾式分離装置と、
前記軽質分を前記燃焼炉へ燃料として供給する軽質分搬送ラインと、
前記重質分を回収する回収容器と、を備えることを特徴としている。
石油系燃料を燃焼する燃焼炉と、
前記燃焼炉から排出された燃焼灰を回収する乾式集塵機と、
前記燃焼灰を処理する前記燃焼灰の処理システムと、を備えることを特徴としている。
石油残渣焚きボイラ1は、高温燃焼ゾーン21及び二段燃焼ゾーン22を含む燃焼室を備える。燃焼室の下方に位置する高温燃焼ゾーン21には、石油残渣燃料を燃焼するためのバーナ24が設けられる。高温燃焼ゾーン21には炉内側全面に約2000℃の炉内温度に対応させるための耐火材25が貼設されている。
ボイラ1の排ガス処理系統30へ流入する燃焼排ガスには、燃焼灰(飛灰)が同伴している。排ガス処理系統30では、燃焼排ガスを浄化するとともに、燃焼排ガスに同伴する飛灰を回収する。排ガス処理系統30には、NOx除去触媒31、ガスエアヒータ32、乾式集塵機33、誘引ファン34、SOx除去触媒35、湿式集塵機36、及び、煙突37が、燃焼排ガスの流れの上流から下流に向けてこの順番で設けられている。
分離装置40は、ボイラ1の燃焼排ガスから回収した燃焼灰を、乾燥した状態で軽質分と重質分とに分離する乾式分離装置である。燃焼灰の軽質分は、分離装置40から軽質分搬送ライン43を通じてバーナ24へ送られ、ボイラ1で燃料の一部として再び利用される。燃焼灰の重質分は、分離装置40から重質分搬送ライン42を通じて回収容器5へ送られる。回収容器5に回収された燃焼灰の重質分は、金属分離抽出装置50へ送られてそこで含有する金属が分離注出される。
本実施形態に係る金属分離抽出装置50は、バナジウム分離抽出処理槽50Vを含み、燃焼灰からバナジウムを分離抽出する。但し、金属分離抽出装置50では、バナジウムに加えて、ニッケル等の有価金属が分離抽出されてもよい。回収容器5に回収された燃焼灰の重質分は、バナジウム分離抽出処理槽50Vへ供給される。回収容器5からバナジウム分離抽出処理槽50Vへの燃焼灰の搬送には、コンベヤ等の搬送手段や、自動車や船舶などの運輸手段が用いられてもよい。また、分離装置40と金属分離抽出装置50とが近接している場合には、回収容器5が省略されて、金属分離抽出装置50に含まれる処理槽が回収容器として機能してもよい。
5 :回収容器
2 :高温還元燃焼室
21 :高温燃焼ゾーン
22 :二段燃焼ゾーン
23 :絞り部
24 :バーナ
25 :耐火材
26 :二段燃焼用空気ノズル
27 :蒸気過熱器
30 :排ガス処理系統
31 :NOx除去触媒
32 :ガスエアヒータ
33 :乾式集塵機
34 :誘引ファン
35 :SOx除去触媒
36 :湿式集塵機
37 :煙突
40 :乾式分離装置
41 :燃焼灰搬送ライン
42 :重質分搬送ライン
43 :軽質分搬送ライン
45 :分離容器
45a :燃焼灰供給口
45b :重質分出口
45c :軽質分出口
45d :排気口
46 :流動層
47 :散気管
49 :排気ライン
50 :金属分離抽出装置
50V :バナジウム分離抽出処理槽
100 :石油系燃料燃焼プラント
101 :燃焼灰の処理システム
Claims (11)
- 石油系燃料を燃焼する燃焼炉から排出された燃焼灰の処理方法であって、
前記燃焼灰を乾式分離法により重質分と軽質分とに分離すること、
前記軽質分を前記燃焼炉へ燃料として供給すること、及び、
前記重質分を回収すること、を含む、
燃焼灰の処理方法。 - 前記分離することが、前記燃焼灰を前記重質分と前記軽質分とに乾式比重分離することを含む、
請求項1に記載の燃焼灰の処理方法。 - 前記分離することが、流動層を用いて前記燃焼灰を前記重質分と前記軽質分とに浮沈分離することを含む、
請求項1に記載の燃焼灰の処理方法。 - 前記流動層の流動媒体が前記燃焼灰である、
請求項3に記載の燃焼灰の処理方法。 - 回収した前記重質分から少なくともバナジウムを含む金属を分離注出することを、更に含む、
請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の燃焼灰の処理方法。 - 石油系燃料を燃焼する燃焼炉から排出された燃焼灰の処理システムであって、
前記燃焼灰を重質分と軽質分とに分離する乾式分離装置と、
前記軽質分を前記燃焼炉へ燃料として供給する軽質分搬送ラインと、
前記重質分を回収する回収容器と、を備える、
燃焼灰の処理システム。 - 前記乾式分離装置は、前記燃焼灰を前記重質分と前記軽質分とに比重分離する、
請求項6に記載の燃焼灰の処理システム。 - 前記乾式分離装置が、前記燃焼灰中の前記軽質分と前記重質分とを浮沈分離する流動層を有する、
請求項6に記載の燃焼灰の処理システム。 - 前記流動層の流動媒体が前記燃焼灰である、
請求項8に記載の燃焼灰の処理システム。 - 前記回収容器に回収された前記重質分からバナジウムを分離抽出する金属分離抽出装置を、更に備える、
請求項6〜9のいずれか一項に記載の燃焼灰の処理システム。 - 石油系燃料を燃焼する燃焼炉と、
前記燃焼炉から排出された燃焼灰を回収する乾式集塵機と、
前記燃焼灰を処理する、請求項6〜10のいずれか一項に記載の前記燃焼灰の処理システムと、を備える、
石油系燃料燃焼プラント。
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JPS54101829A (en) * | 1978-01-27 | 1979-08-10 | Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co | Utilization of heavy oil ash |
JPS60161339A (ja) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-23 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | バナジウムの回収方法 |
JPH11101423A (ja) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-13 | Shikoku Electric Power Co Inc | ボイラ燃焼灰の処理方法 |
JP2017140555A (ja) * | 2016-02-08 | 2017-08-17 | 株式会社エコネコル | 焼却灰からの貴金属回収方法及び装置 |
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JP3684477B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-14 | 2005-08-17 | バブコック日立株式会社 | 石油系燃焼灰の処理方法 |
JP2009154093A (ja) | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-16 | Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The | 重油灰からの有価物の回収方法および回収装置 |
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JPS54101829A (en) * | 1978-01-27 | 1979-08-10 | Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co | Utilization of heavy oil ash |
JPS60161339A (ja) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-23 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | バナジウムの回収方法 |
JPH11101423A (ja) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-13 | Shikoku Electric Power Co Inc | ボイラ燃焼灰の処理方法 |
JP2017140555A (ja) * | 2016-02-08 | 2017-08-17 | 株式会社エコネコル | 焼却灰からの貴金属回収方法及び装置 |
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