JP2020159073A - Building and multi-dwelling building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a building and a multi-dwelling building capable of being constructed in a simple method without requiring craftsmen.SOLUTION: A building is provided with a heat insulation member 13 on an upper surface of a ceiling plate part 1 of a box culvert 8 and a wiring molding 14 in a left upper haunch part 4 and a right upper haunch part 5, and heat insulation coating is applied on outer surfaces of right and left side walls 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to buildings and collective structures using box culverts.

Conventionally, in the construction of buildings such as detached houses, the advanced skills of skilled craftsmen have often been required. In addition, large-scale and complicated construction is required for the construction of accommodation facilities such as hotels and apartment houses such as apartments.

However, the number of craftsmen with such advanced techniques is declining, and it is predicted that the number will decrease further in the future, and a construction method that does not rely on the skills of craftsmen is desired. In addition, it is desired to construct an apartment building such as an accommodation facility such as a hotel or an apartment house such as an apartment by a simple method.

Therefore, an attempt has been made to divert a box culvert, which is usually buried in the ground and used as a road or a waterway, to a building such as a house (for example, Patent Document 1). Box culverts can be manufactured without relying on craftsmanship, and there is no problem in terms of strength and durability even when used as a building frame for residential use.

Patent Document 1 is characterized in that, in the modular coordination of a prefabricated house, an intervening member which is an architectural element of a wall, a floor and a ceiling is arranged and connected between a plurality of box culverts to form a room space module. The house is disclosed.

However, although Patent Document 1 uses the box culvert for a temporary housing or the like, it discloses the arrangement and connection between the plurality of box culverts and the intervening members, and the state of the internal space of the box culvert used and the state of the internal space of the box culvert used. It does not disclose the technology to improve the environment of the internal space.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-323325

An object of the present invention is to provide a building and a collective structure that can be constructed by a simple method without relying on the skill of a craftsman, and further, a building is constructed by using a box culvert. Even so, it is an object of the present invention to provide a building and an aggregate building in which the environment of the internal space is improved and the floor area can be used more effectively.

The structure of the first aspect of the present invention includes a top plate portion (1), a bottom plate portion (2), and left and right side wall portions (3), and an upper left haunch portion (4) and an upper left haunch portion (4) are provided at the inner upper left and right corners, respectively. A tubular box culvert (8) provided with an upper right haunch portion (5), a first wall member (9) and a second wall member (10) that close the opening of the box culvert (8), and the first wall member (10). A door portion (11) provided on the first wall member (9), a window portion (12) provided on the second wall member (10), and heat insulation provided on the upper surface of the top plate portion (1). A member (13) and a wiring molding (14) provided on the upper left haunch portion (4) or the upper right haunch portion (5) are provided, and the outer surfaces of the left and right side wall portions (3) are heat-shielded. It is characterized by being.

The structure of the second aspect of the present invention includes a top plate portion (1), a bottom plate portion (2), and left and right side wall portions (3), and upper left haunch portions (4) are provided at four inner upper, lower, left, and right corners, respectively. , A tubular box culvert (8') provided with an upper right haunch portion (5), a lower left haunch portion (6) and a lower right haunch portion (7), and a second that closes the opening of the box culvert (8'). The first wall member (9) and the second wall member (10), the door portion (11) provided on the first wall member (9), and the window portion (10) provided on the second wall member (10). 12), and a floor member (15) provided at a height position of the top of the lower left haunch portion (6) and the lower right haunch portion (7).

The building according to the third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a notch is formed in the floor member (15).

The collective structure of the fourth aspect of the present invention includes a top plate portion (1), a bottom plate portion (2), and left and right side wall portions (3), and an upper left haunch portion (4) is provided at each of the inner upper left and right corners. A tubular box culvert (8) provided with an upper right haunch portion (5), a first wall member (9) and a second wall member (10) that close the opening of the box culvert (8), and the above. A plurality of buildings having a door portion (11) provided on the first wall member (9) and a window portion (12) provided on the second wall member (10) are provided on the same foundation (16). It is characterized in that they are arranged with a gap between them.

The collective building according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the plurality of buildings are arranged so as to be displaced in the front-rear direction with respect to the adjacent buildings.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the box culvert is used for the skeleton of the building, the skeleton of the building can be easily manufactured without relying on the skill of a craftsman. In addition, since a heat insulating member is provided on the upper surface of the top plate and a heat shield coating is applied to the outer surface of the side wall, it is possible to appropriately suppress the temperature rise inside the building using the box culvert, which tends to retain heat. It will be possible. Further, since the wiring molding is provided in the upper left haunch portion or the upper right haunch portion, wiring such as electricity can be performed in a place that is not easily noticed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, even when a box culvert having haunch portions formed not only on the inner upper portion but also on the lower left and right sides is used, it is placed on the left and right haunch portions provided on the lower portion of the box culvert. Since the floor member is provided, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the floor area that can be effectively used by the lower haunch portion and effectively secure the floor area in the box culvert.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the notch is formed in the floor member, various lines and pipes such as electricity, gas and water supply in the building can be arranged under the floor member. It becomes possible to improve the aesthetics of the building.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of buildings are arranged with a gap between them, it becomes possible to easily construct a collective building such as an apartment or a hotel, and each building is constructed. The soundproofing effect between objects is improved.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of arranged buildings are arranged so as to be shifted in the front-rear direction with respect to the adjacent buildings, the collective building is arranged to have a characteristic appearance. It becomes possible to do.

It is a perspective front view which shows an example of the building of this invention. It is a perspective plan view which shows an example of the building of this invention. It is a front view which shows an example of the box culvert provided with the floor member of this invention. It is a top view which shows an example of the collective building of this invention. It is a top view which shows an example of a preferable aspect of the collective building of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the preferable aspect of the collective structure of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective front view of the building of the present invention. The box culvert 8 is typically composed of concrete, reinforcing bars, or the like, and has a tubular shape of a substantially quadrangular prism. In the present invention, the box culvert 8 is composed of a top plate portion 1, a bottom plate portion 2, and left and right side wall portions 3. An upper left haunch portion 4 and an upper right haunch portion 5 are formed at the upper left and right inner two corners of the box culvert 8. The haunch is a part provided at the upper left and right corners inside the box culvert so as to be thicker than other parts of the box culvert for reasons such as increasing the strength of the box culvert. As will be described later, the haunch can be provided on the left and right sides of the lower part in addition to the upper left and right inside the box culvert.

A heat insulating member 13 is provided on the upper surface of the top plate portion 1 of the box culvert 8. As the heat insulating member 13, for example, styrofoam can be preferably used, but the heat insulating member 13 is not limited to this. In a building using a box culvert, the temperature tends to rise because heat generally tends to be trapped inside the building. However, by providing the heat insulating member 13 on the upper surface of the top plate portion 1, the temperature inside the building is increased. It is possible to effectively suppress the increase in the temperature.

A wiring molding 14 is provided in the upper left haunch portion 4 or the upper right haunch portion 5 of the box culvert 8. The wiring molding 14 can be provided on either the upper left haunch portion 4 or the upper right haunch portion 5, or can be provided on both the upper left haunch portion 4 and the upper right haunch portion 5. By providing the wiring molding in the upper haunch portion and wiring the electric wire or the like in the wiring molding in this way, the wiring molding and the electric wire or the like are less likely to be noticed, so that the aesthetic appearance inside the building can be improved.

The outer surface of the left and right side wall portions 3 of the box culvert 8 is heat-shielded. The heat-shielding coating can be performed, for example, by applying a paint having a function of reflecting sunlight to the outer surface of the side wall portion 3. As a result, in combination with the effect of the heat insulating member 13, it is possible to further effectively suppress the temperature rise in the building.

FIG. 2 is an example of a perspective plan view of the building of the present invention. A first wall member 9 that closes one opening of the box culvert 8 and a second wall member 10 that closes the other opening of the box culvert 8 are provided by joining with the side wall portion 3. The first wall member 9 and the second wall member 10 are made of, for example, concrete. The first wall member 9 and the second wall member 10 can be joined to the side wall portion 3, for example, by using a bolt, an adhesive, or the like. The first wall member 9 is provided with a door portion 11, and the second wall member 10 is provided with a window portion 12. Beds, desks and chairs are shown by the dotted lines, showing an example of using the building of the present invention as a residential building. The building of the present invention is not limited to residential use, but can also be used as a temporary accommodation, office, store, or other building.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the box culvert 8'used in another aspect of the present invention. The upper left haunch portion 4, the upper right haunch portion 5, the lower left haunch portion 6 and the lower right haunch portion 7 are formed at the four inner corners of the box culvert 8'up, down, left and right.

Even when a box culvert 8'with a haunch at the lower part is used, the first wall member 9 and the second wall member 10 for closing the opening of the box culvert 8'and the first wall member 9 are provided. A door portion 11 and a window portion 12 provided on the second wall member 10 can be provided.

A floor member 15 is provided on the box culvert 8'in FIG. The floor member 15 is provided at a height position of the tops of the lower left haunch portion 6 and the lower right haunch portion 7. In the box culvert, the haunch is provided for the purpose of increasing the strength of the box culvert, but in particular, the haunch formed on the lower side is effectively used when the box culvert is used as a building for residential use or the like. Although the floor area that can be created is reduced, the reduction of the available floor area due to the haunch can be prevented by providing the floor member 15. A support member (not shown) may be provided on the lower side of the floor member 15. The support member is formed to have the same height dimension as the height between the lower surface of the floor member 15 and the upper surface of the bottom plate portion 2.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the floor member 15 is provided with a notch (not shown). The shape, size, and position of the notch are not particularly limited, and are formed so that various lines and pipes such as electricity, gas, and water used in the building can pass through. By providing the notch, various wires and pipes can be wired and piped in the space formed by the floor member 15, the lower left haunch portion 6, the lower right haunch portion 7 and the bottom plate portion 2, and the inside of the building can be wired and piped. The aesthetics can be improved.

Similar to the floor member 15, the ceiling member may be provided at the lowermost position of the upper left haunch portion 4 and the upper right haunch portion 5.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of the collective building of the present invention. Each building of the collective structure of the present invention includes a top plate portion 1, a bottom plate portion 2, and left and right side wall portions 3, and an upper left haunch portion 4 and an upper right haunch portion 5 are provided at the inner upper left and right corners, respectively. A tubular box culvert 8, a first wall member 9 and a second wall member 10 that close the opening of the box culvert 8, a door portion 11 provided on the first wall member 9, and a second wall member 10. The window portion 12 is provided.

Each building constituting the collective structure of the present invention is also preferably provided with a heat insulating member 13 on the upper surface of the top plate portion 1, a wiring molding 14 provided on the upper left haunch portion 4 or the upper right haunch portion 5, and left and right side walls. A thermal barrier coating can be applied to the outer surface of the portion 3.

In the collective building of the present invention, a plurality of buildings are arranged on the same foundation 16 with a gap between them. In FIG. 4, three buildings of the present invention are arranged, but the number of arranged buildings is not limited to three. A plurality of structures can be connected by, for example, an expansion joint or the like. In the present invention, the collective building is one in which a plurality of buildings are arranged, for example, a hotel, an apartment, etc., but in addition, a plurality of buildings for stores, offices, etc. are arranged. It means that it includes things and includes a combination of multiple buildings with different uses.

As described above, the collective building of the present invention can be treated as one building because a plurality of buildings are arranged on the same foundation 16. In addition, since a plurality of buildings are arranged with a gap between them, the soundproofing effect between the buildings is improved, and the earthquake resistance is also excellent. The gap provided between the plurality of structures is set to, for example, preferably 0.5 to 3 cm, more preferably 0.7 to 1.5 cm.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the foundation 16 is joined to the base concrete 17 buried in the ground and at least the lower surface of the bottom plate portion 2 of the box culvert 8 (8') on the base concrete 17 on the ground. It can be composed of the soil concrete 18 provided as described above.

In the collective building of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, preferably, a plurality of buildings are arranged so as to be displaced in the front-rear direction with respect to the adjacent building. In FIG. 5, the central building is placed backwards with respect to the rightmost building, and the leftmost building is placed backwards with respect to the central building, in order from the rightmost building. , Are displaced backwards. The deviation of the building in the collective structure is not limited to the example of FIG. 5, and for example, the leftmost building may be arranged so as to be shifted forward with respect to the central building.

As described above, when the buildings are arranged in a staggered manner, the heat shield coating on the outer surface of the side wall portion 3 performed in the preferred embodiment is not applied to the portion facing the side wall portion 3 of the adjacent building. It is desirable to do it only on the part that is out of alignment.

In a collective structure consisting of a plurality of buildings, when the buildings are arranged so as to be offset in the front-rear direction with respect to the adjacent building, the length in the width direction of the portion facing the side wall portion 3 of the adjacent building is It is more desirable to arrange the side wall portion 3 so as to be 60 to 80% of the total length in the width direction, and even more preferably to arrange it so as to be 65 to 75%.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another example of the collective building of the present invention. In FIG. 6, 20 buildings are sequentially arranged from the right end in the upper stage, and a collective structure is provided so as to be shifted backward, and a passage is provided between them, and 22 buildings are sequentially arranged in the lower stage from the right end. An example of an accommodation facility in which a collective building is arranged so as to be displaced in the rear direction is shown. In addition, in FIG. 6, it seems that the buildings constituting the collective building are joined to each other for the convenience of scale, but in reality, as described above, there is a gap between the buildings. There is.

1 Top plate 2 Bottom plate 3 Side wall 4 Upper left haunch 5 Upper right haunch 6 Lower left haunch 7 Lower right haunch 8 Box culvert 9 1st wall member 10 2nd wall member 11 Door 12 Window 13 Insulation member 14 Wiring molding 15 Floor member 16 Foundation 17 Base concrete 18 Soil concrete

Claims (5)

A tubular shape provided with a top plate portion (1), a bottom plate portion (2), and left and right side wall portions (3), and an upper left haunch portion (4) and an upper right haunch portion (5) are provided at the inner upper left and right corners, respectively. Box culvert (8) and
The first wall member (9) and the second wall member (10) that close the opening of the box culvert (8),
The door portion (11) provided on the first wall member (9) and
A window portion (12) provided on the second wall member (10) and
A heat insulating member (13) provided on the upper surface of the top plate portion (1) and
The wiring molding (14) provided in the upper left haunch portion (4) or the upper right haunch portion (5) is provided.
A building in which the outer surface of the left and right side wall portions (3) is heat-shielded. It has a top plate part (1), a bottom plate part (2), and left and right side wall parts (3), and the upper left haunch part (4), the upper right haunch part (5), and the lower left haunch part ( A tubular box culvert (8') provided with 6) and a lower right haunch (7), and
The first wall member (9) and the second wall member (10) that close the opening of the box culvert (8'),
The door portion (11) provided on the first wall member (9) and
A window portion (12) provided on the second wall member (10) and
A building including a floor member (15) provided at a height position of the top of the lower left haunch portion (6) and the lower right haunch portion (7). The building according to claim 2, wherein a notch is formed in the floor member (15). A tubular shape provided with a top plate portion (1), a bottom plate portion (2), and left and right side wall portions (3), and an upper left haunch portion (4) and an upper right haunch portion (5) are provided at the inner upper left and right corners, respectively. The box culvert (8), the first wall member (9) and the second wall member (10) that close the opening of the box culvert (8), and the door portion provided on the first wall member (9). (11) and a building having a window portion (12) provided on the second wall member (10) are arranged on the same foundation (16) with a gap between them. .. The collective building according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of buildings are arranged so as to be displaced in the front-rear direction with respect to the adjacent building.