JP2020085710A - Compression bending tester and compression bending test method - Google Patents

Compression bending tester and compression bending test method Download PDF

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JP2020085710A
JP2020085710A JP2018222111A JP2018222111A JP2020085710A JP 2020085710 A JP2020085710 A JP 2020085710A JP 2018222111 A JP2018222111 A JP 2018222111A JP 2018222111 A JP2018222111 A JP 2018222111A JP 2020085710 A JP2020085710 A JP 2020085710A
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test body
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compression bending
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solid member
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JP7159816B2 (en
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智史 広瀬
Tomohito Hirose
智史 広瀬
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

To prevent folding or breakage of a test piece at ends thereof during a compression bending test.SOLUTION: A compression bending tester 1 provided herein is configured to include a pair of fixtures 4 for securing ends of a test piece S consisting of a hollow columnar member, and a pair of solid members 9 secured to the respective fixtures 4 to face each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、中空柱状部材の圧縮曲げ試験機および圧縮曲げ試験方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a compression bending tester and a compression bending test method for hollow columnar members.

自動車の骨格部材の衝突性能を評価する試験として、部材の軸方向に圧縮力を付与して部材に曲げ変形を生じさせる圧縮曲げ試験がある。特許文献１および特許文献２、ならびに非特許文献１には圧縮曲げ試験の方法について開示されている。 As a test for evaluating the collision performance of an automobile skeletal member, there is a compression bending test in which a compressive force is applied in the axial direction of the member to cause bending deformation of the member. Patent Documents 1 and 2, and Non-Patent Document 1 disclose a method of a compression bending test.

実開昭６２−０４４２３９号公報Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-044239 特許第５９２８２９７号公報Japanese Patent No. 5928297

河村 力、外7名、“高エネルギー吸収フレームの研究”、2016年春季大会学術講演会講演予稿集、公益社団法人自動車技術会、2016年5月23日、p.418-421Riki Kawamura, 7 others, "Research on high energy absorption frame", Proceedings of 2016 Spring Conference Academic Lecture, Japan Society of Automotive Engineers, May 23, 2016, p.418-421

圧縮曲げ試験で所望の性能評価（例えば衝突性能評価）をより正確に行うためには、実際の製品に取り付けられた部材に生じる変形モードと同様の変形モードを再現できることが好ましい。一方、試験機の仕様や試験体の形状、試験体の固定方法等によっては、試験体の端部で折れが発生することがある。また、試験機の治具に対して例えばアーク溶接で試験体が接合されている場合、試験体の曲げ変形時に生じる試験体の曲げ外側の大きな引張力により、溶接部が破断することがある。圧縮曲げ試験時に試験体の端部の折れまたは破断が生じた場合には、試験体の適切な性能評価ができないため、試験体の固定方法を変更する等の対応をした後、再度試験を行う必要がある。 In order to more accurately perform a desired performance evaluation (e.g., collision performance evaluation) in the compression bending test, it is preferable to be able to reproduce a deformation mode similar to the deformation mode that occurs in a member attached to an actual product. On the other hand, depending on the specifications of the testing machine, the shape of the test piece, the method of fixing the test piece, and the like, breakage may occur at the end of the test piece. Further, when the test body is joined to the jig of the tester by, for example, arc welding, the welded portion may be broken due to a large tensile force on the outside of the bending of the test body, which is generated when the test body is bent and deformed. If the end of the test piece breaks or breaks during the compression bending test, proper performance evaluation of the test piece cannot be performed.Therefore, change the fixing method of the test piece, and then perform the test again. There is a need.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、圧縮曲げ試験において、試験体の端部での折れまたは破断を生じにくくすることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it difficult to cause breakage or breakage at an end portion of a test body in a compression bending test.

上記課題を解決する本発明の一態様は、圧縮曲げ試験機であって、中空柱状部材からなる試験体の端部を固定するための一対の治具と、前記治具に固定され、互いに対向するように配置された一対の中実部材と、を備えたことを特徴としている。 One aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a compression bending tester, which is a pair of jigs for fixing an end portion of a test body formed of a hollow columnar member, and is fixed to the jigs and faces each other. And a pair of solid members arranged so as to perform.

別の観点における本発明の一態様は、圧縮曲げ試験方法であって、中空柱状部材からなる試験体の端部を固定するための一対の治具に対して、互いに対向するように配置した一対の中実部材を固定し、前記試験体を前記中実部材に被せるようにして前記試験体の端部の内方空間に前記中実部材が位置した状態で該試験体と該中実部材を固定して、前記試験体の圧縮曲げ試験を行うことを特徴としている。 One aspect of the present invention in another aspect is a compression bending test method, wherein a pair of jigs for fixing an end portion of a test body formed of a hollow columnar member are arranged so as to face each other. The solid member is fixed, and the test body and the solid member are placed in the inner space of the end portion of the test body such that the solid body is covered with the test body. The test piece is fixed and a compression bending test is performed on the test piece.

圧縮曲げ試験において、試験体の端部での折れまたは破断を生じにくくすることができる。 In the compression bending test, it is possible to make it difficult for the end portion of the test body to be broken or fractured.

本発明の一実施形態に係る圧縮曲げ試験機の概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the compression bending tester which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 圧縮曲げ試験機の一部分を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows a part of compression bending tester. 図２をＹ方向から見た図である。It is the figure which looked at FIG. 2 from the Y direction. 図３中のＡ−Ａ断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3. 図３中のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3. 圧縮曲げ試験時の試験体の変形状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the deformation state of the test body at the time of a compression bending test. プレートの配置例を示すＢ−Ｂ断面に相当する図である。It is a figure corresponding to the BB cross section which shows the example of arrangement|positioning of a plate.

以下、本発明の一実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、本明細書および図面において、実質的に同一の機能構成を有する要素においては、同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present specification and the drawings, elements having substantially the same functional configuration are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

図１は本実施形態における圧縮曲げ試験機１の概略構成を示す図である。圧縮曲げ試験機１は、試験体Ｓに圧縮力を付与する可動部の一例であるクロスヘッド２と、クロスヘッド２に対向して配置された固定部の一例であるテーブル３と、試験体Ｓの端部を固定するための一対の治具４を備えている。図１〜図３に示されるように、本実施形態の治具４は、試験体Ｓの端面に接する端面プレート５と、端面プレート５の、試験体Ｓに接する面と反対側の面において間隔を空けて取り付けられた一対のブラケット６を有している。各ブラケット６にはピン穴が形成されている。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a compression bending tester 1 according to this embodiment. The compression bending tester 1 includes a crosshead 2 that is an example of a movable portion that applies a compressive force to the test body S, a table 3 that is an example of a fixed portion that is arranged to face the crosshead 2, and a test body S. Is provided with a pair of jigs 4 for fixing the ends. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the jig 4 according to the present embodiment has an interval between an end face plate 5 in contact with an end face of the test body S and a face of the end face plate 5 opposite to the face in contact with the test body S. It has a pair of brackets 6 which are attached with a space between them. Each bracket 6 is formed with a pin hole.

対向して配置された一対の治具４のうち、一方の治具４ａは、クロスヘッド２に対して回転可能に接続されている。詳述すると、クロスヘッド２に固定された柱部７が一対のブラケット６間に位置した状態で、柱部７と一対のブラケット６とがピン８で固定されている。また、一対の治具４のうちの他方の治具４ｂは、テーブル３に対して回転可能に接続されている。詳述すると、テーブル３に固定された柱部７が一対のブラケット６間に位置した状態で、柱部７と一対のブラケット６とがピン８で固定されている。本実施形態の圧縮曲げ試験機１は、このように治具４が取り付けられていることにより、試験体Ｓに曲げ変形が生じたとしても、治具４が試験体Ｓの端部に追従して回転するため、試験体Ｓの端部をより強固に固定することができる。なお、治具４の構成は、本実施形態で説明した構成に限定されず、圧縮力付与時に試験体Ｓに曲げ変形を生じさせることが可能な構成であればよい。 Of the pair of jigs 4 arranged to face each other, one jig 4 a is rotatably connected to the crosshead 2. More specifically, the pillar 7 and the pair of brackets 6 are fixed by the pin 8 in a state where the pillar 7 fixed to the crosshead 2 is located between the pair of brackets 6. The other jig 4b of the pair of jigs 4 is rotatably connected to the table 3. More specifically, the pillar 7 and the pair of brackets 6 are fixed by the pins 8 in a state where the pillar 7 fixed to the table 3 is located between the pair of brackets 6. In the compression bending tester 1 of the present embodiment, since the jig 4 is attached in this manner, the jig 4 follows the end portion of the test body S even if the test body S is bent and deformed. Since it rotates by rotating, the end portion of the test body S can be more firmly fixed. The configuration of the jig 4 is not limited to the configuration described in the present embodiment, and may be any configuration capable of causing the test body S to be bent and deformed when a compressive force is applied.

圧縮曲げ試験の対象となる試験体Ｓは中空柱状部材であり、図４に示されるように試験体Ｓの内側には空間が形成されている。本実施形態の圧縮曲げ試験機１は、試験体Ｓの端部の内方空間を埋めるような一対の中実部材９を備えている。中実部材９とは、中空状の部材と異なり、内方に空間を有しない中身が詰まった部材である。本実施形態の中実部材９の側面には、ボルトが挿入されるボルト穴が形成されている。中実部材９の形状は、試験体Ｓの形状に応じて適宜変更されるものであり、圧縮曲げ試験の際に使用される中実部材９は、試験体Ｓの形状に応じて適宜交換される。また、中実部材９は、例えば金属からなるが、中実部材９の材料は、試験体Ｓに圧縮力を付与した際に、試験体Ｓの端部において見かけ上、剛体として機能するような材料であればよい。 The test body S to be subjected to the compression bending test is a hollow columnar member, and a space is formed inside the test body S as shown in FIG. The compression bending tester 1 of this embodiment includes a pair of solid members 9 that fill the inner space of the end of the test body S. Unlike the hollow member, the solid member 9 is a member that is filled with solid material and has no space inside. Bolt holes into which bolts are inserted are formed on the side surfaces of the solid member 9 of the present embodiment. The shape of the solid member 9 is appropriately changed according to the shape of the test body S, and the solid member 9 used in the compression bending test is appropriately replaced according to the shape of the test body S. It The solid member 9 is made of metal, for example, but the material of the solid member 9 seems to function as a rigid body at the end of the test body S when a compressive force is applied to the test body S. Any material will do.

中実部材９は治具４に対して固定されており、一対の中実部材９は、互いに対向するように配置されている。本実施形態の場合、中実部材９が直方体状に形成され、中実部材９と治具４は、中実部材９が治具４の端面プレート５に接した状態でボルト締結されることで固定されている。なお、中実部材９と治具４の固定方法は特に限定されず、圧縮曲げ試験時において治具４から中実部材９が外れない固定方法であればよい。例えば中実部材９と治具４は、接着剤やリベットによって固定されていてもよい。また、中実部材９と治具４は一体成形されていてもよい。この場合、圧縮曲げ試験を行う際には試験体Ｓの形状に適した治具４が適宜使用される。 The solid member 9 is fixed to the jig 4, and the pair of solid members 9 are arranged so as to face each other. In the case of the present embodiment, the solid member 9 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the solid member 9 and the jig 4 are bolted with the solid member 9 in contact with the end face plate 5 of the jig 4. It is fixed. The method of fixing the solid member 9 and the jig 4 is not particularly limited, and any fixing method that does not separate the solid member 9 from the jig 4 during the compression bending test may be used. For example, the solid member 9 and the jig 4 may be fixed by an adhesive or a rivet. Further, the solid member 9 and the jig 4 may be integrally molded. In this case, when performing the compression bending test, the jig 4 suitable for the shape of the test body S is appropriately used.

なお、本実施形態の圧縮曲げ試験機１においては、一対の治具４に固定された試験体ＳのＹ方向における位置が、クロスヘッド２の柱部７およびテーブル３の柱部７のＹ方向における位置と一致していないが、これらの位置は一致していてもよい。試験体Ｓの固定位置は、試験の目的や評価項目等に応じて適宜変更される。 In the compression bending tester 1 of the present embodiment, the position in the Y direction of the test body S fixed to the pair of jigs 4 is the Y direction of the pillar portion 7 of the crosshead 2 and the pillar portion 7 of the table 3. Although they do not match the positions at, these positions may match. The fixed position of the test body S is appropriately changed depending on the purpose of the test, the evaluation item, and the like.

本実施形態の圧縮曲げ試験機１は以上のように構成されている。この圧縮曲げ試験機１を用いて試験体Ｓの圧縮曲げ試験を行う際には、まず、治具４に固定された中実部材９に、試験体Ｓを被せるようにして試験体Ｓを配置する。そして、試験体Ｓの内方空間に中実部材９が位置した状態で、試験体Ｓと中実部材９とをボルト締結する。これにより、試験体Ｓの端部においては内方空間が埋められたような状態となる。なお、試験体Ｓと中実部材９の固定方法は、ボルト固定に限定されず、例えば接着剤やリベットを用いた固定方法やアーク溶接による固定方法等であってもよい。また、試験体Ｓと中実部材９が固定されている場合、試験体Ｓが治具４に対して例えばアーク溶接等で固定されていてもよい。 The compression bending tester 1 of this embodiment is configured as described above. When performing the compression bending test of the test body S using this compression bending tester 1, first, the test body S is arranged so that the solid body 9 fixed to the jig 4 is covered with the test body S. To do. Then, with the solid member 9 positioned in the inner space of the test body S, the test body S and the solid member 9 are bolted together. As a result, the inner space is filled at the end of the test body S. The method of fixing the test body S and the solid member 9 is not limited to bolt fixing, and may be, for example, a fixing method using an adhesive or a rivet, a fixing method by arc welding, or the like. When the test body S and the solid member 9 are fixed, the test body S may be fixed to the jig 4 by, for example, arc welding or the like.

上記のように試験体Ｓを固定した状態で、クロスヘッド２をテーブル３側に移動させると、試験体Ｓが圧縮され、図６に示されるように試験体Ｓに曲げ変形が生じる。このとき、治具４に固定された試験体Ｓの端部においては、内方空間に中実部材９が存在しているために折れが生じにくくなっている。さらに、治具４と中実部材９は溶接されていない。このため、試験体Ｓの曲げ変形時に溶接部が破断するといったようなことは起こらない。したがって、本実施形態のような圧縮曲げ試験方法によれば、試験体Ｓの端部以外の領域で曲げ変形が生じやすくなり、圧縮曲げ試験における所望の性能評価をより正確に行うことが可能となる。 When the crosshead 2 is moved to the table 3 side with the test body S fixed as described above, the test body S is compressed, and the test body S is bent and deformed as shown in FIG. 6. At this time, at the end portion of the test body S fixed to the jig 4, the solid member 9 is present in the inner space, so that the bending is less likely to occur. Further, the jig 4 and the solid member 9 are not welded. Therefore, the bending of the test body S does not cause the welded portion to break. Therefore, according to the compression bending test method as in the present embodiment, bending deformation is likely to occur in a region other than the end portion of the test body S, and the desired performance evaluation in the compression bending test can be performed more accurately. Become.

特に、近年は電気自動車の普及が加速しており、搭載する電池の重量増加分をカバーするために車体への軽量化の要求も高まっている。そのため、より高強度、かつ、より薄い材料の適用が進んでいる。治具４と試験体Ｓが例えばアーク溶接で接合されている場合、試験体Ｓが高強度材料であると、試験体Ｓの治具４との溶接箇所が軟化し、圧縮曲げ試験時に軟化した箇所が折れ起点となりやすくなることが懸念される。さらに、試験体Ｓの板厚が薄いと、試験体Ｓの端部において折れ起点となる面外変形が生じやすくなることが懸念される。このような課題は、電気自動車の開発が進むことによって生じると考えられる新たな課題である。一方で、中実部材９を用いた圧縮曲げ試験機１においては、熱による材料軟化が生じないことに加え、試験体Ｓの内方空間を埋めるように中実部材９が配置されていることにより、板厚が薄くても試験体Ｓの端部における面外変形が生じにくくなり、適用材料による部材性能の変化を良好に評価しやすくなる。 In particular, in recent years, the spread of electric vehicles has accelerated, and there is an increasing demand for weight reduction of the vehicle body to cover the increased weight of the battery to be mounted. Therefore, the application of higher strength and thinner materials is being advanced. When the jig 4 and the test body S are joined by, for example, arc welding, if the test body S is a high-strength material, the welded portion of the test body S with the jig 4 is softened and softened during the compression bending test. There is a concern that the location may easily become a starting point. Furthermore, if the plate thickness of the test body S is thin, there is a concern that out-of-plane deformation, which is a starting point of bending, tends to occur at the end portion of the test body S. Such a problem is a new problem that is considered to occur due to the development of electric vehicles. On the other hand, in the compression bending tester 1 using the solid member 9, the material is not softened by heat, and the solid member 9 is arranged so as to fill the inner space of the test body S. As a result, even if the plate thickness is thin, out-of-plane deformation is less likely to occur at the end portion of the test body S, and it becomes easy to favorably evaluate the change in member performance due to the applied material.

なお、試験体Ｓと中実部材９をボルトで固定する場合、本実施形態のように試験体Ｓの外側面に接するようにプレート１０を配置し、プレート１０と、試験体Ｓと、中実部材９とをボルト締結することが好ましい。この場合、プレート１０によって試験体Ｓの外側を面で押さえることができ、試験体Ｓの端部をより剛体に近づけることができる。この結果、試験体Ｓの端部における折れまたは破断をより生じにくくすることができ、圧縮曲げ試験における所望の性能評価をより正確に行うことができる。試験体Ｓの端部の折れまたは破断をさらに抑制する観点においては、図７に示されるようにプレート１０が試験体Ｓの全ての側面に対してそれぞれ配置されていることが好ましい。 In addition, when fixing the test body S and the solid member 9 with a bolt, the plate 10 is arranged so as to contact the outer side surface of the test body S as in the present embodiment, and the plate 10, the test body S, and the solid body are provided. The member 9 is preferably bolted. In this case, the plate 10 can press the outside of the test body S with a surface, and the end portion of the test body S can be brought closer to a rigid body. As a result, breakage or breakage at the end of the test body S can be made less likely to occur, and the desired performance evaluation in the compression bending test can be performed more accurately. From the viewpoint of further suppressing the breakage or breakage of the end portion of the test body S, it is preferable that the plate 10 be arranged on all side surfaces of the test body S as shown in FIG. 7.

また、図２〜図４に示されるように、試験体Ｓの端部の折れまたは破断をさらに抑制する観点においては、試験体Ｓの、中実部材９が配置されていない領域に、曲げ変形を誘起させる曲げ誘起部１１が形成されていることが好ましい。“曲げ誘起部”とは、例えば凹部、凸部、穴などの形状を有する部分であり、試験体に圧縮力を付与した際に、この曲げ誘起部１１を起点として曲げ変形が生じやすくなる。 In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, from the viewpoint of further suppressing bending or breaking of the end portion of the test body S, bending deformation occurs in a region of the test body S where the solid member 9 is not arranged. It is preferable that the bending inducing portion 11 that induces is formed. The "bending-inducing portion" is, for example, a portion having a shape such as a concave portion, a convex portion, or a hole, and when a compressive force is applied to the test body, bending deformation is likely to occur from the bending-inducing portion 11 as a starting point.

以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。当業者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到しうることは明らかであり、それらについても当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。 Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this example. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and of course, the technical scope of the present invention is also applicable to them. Be understood to belong to.

本発明は、中空柱状部材の圧縮曲げ試験に利用することができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized for the compression bending test of a hollow columnar member.

１ 圧縮曲げ試験機
２ クロスヘッド
３ テーブル
４ 治具
５ 端面プレート
６ ブラケット
７ 柱部
８ ピン
９ 中実部材
１０ プレート
１１ 曲げ誘起部
Ｓ 試験体
1 Compression Bending Test Machine 2 Cross Head 3 Table 4 Jig 5 End Face Plate 6 Bracket 7 Column 8 Pin 9 Solid Member 10 Plate 11 Bend Inducing Section S Specimen

Claims (7)

中空柱状部材からなる試験体の端部を固定するための一対の治具と、
前記治具に固定され、互いに対向するように配置された一対の中実部材と、を備えた、圧縮曲げ試験機。 A pair of jigs for fixing the end portion of the test body made of a hollow columnar member,
A compression bending tester, comprising: a pair of solid members fixed to the jig and arranged to face each other. 前記中実部材の側面にボルトが挿入されるボルト穴が形成されている、請求項１に記載の圧縮曲げ試験機。 The compression bending tester according to claim 1, wherein a bolt hole into which a bolt is inserted is formed on a side surface of the solid member. 前記治具と前記中実部材とが一体成形されている、請求項１または２に記載の圧縮曲げ試験機。 The compression bending tester according to claim 1, wherein the jig and the solid member are integrally molded. 中空柱状部材からなる試験体の端部を固定するための一対の治具に対して、互いに対向するように配置した一対の中実部材を固定し、
前記試験体を前記中実部材に被せるようにして前記試験体の端部の内方空間に前記中実部材が位置した状態で該試験体と該中実部材を固定して、前記試験体の圧縮曲げ試験を行う、圧縮曲げ試験方法。 For a pair of jigs for fixing the end portion of the test body made of a hollow columnar member, a pair of solid members arranged so as to face each other is fixed,
By fixing the test body and the solid member in a state in which the solid member is located in the inner space of the end portion of the test body so as to cover the solid body with the test body, A compression bending test method for performing a compression bending test. 前記試験体と、前記中実部材とをボルトで締結する、請求項４に記載の圧縮曲げ試験方法。 The compression bending test method according to claim 4, wherein the test body and the solid member are fastened with a bolt. 前記試験体の外側面にプレートを配置し、前記プレートと、前記試験体と、前記中実部材とを前記ボルトで締結する、請求項５に記載の圧縮曲げ試験方法。 The compression bending test method according to claim 5, wherein a plate is arranged on an outer surface of the test body, and the plate, the test body, and the solid member are fastened with the bolt. 前記試験体は、前記中実部材が配置されていない領域に曲げ誘起部を有している、請求項４〜６のいずれか一項に記載の圧縮曲げ試験方法。 The compression bending test method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the test body has a bending inducing portion in a region where the solid member is not arranged.
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