JP2020028260A - Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ - Google Patents
Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020028260A JP2020028260A JP2018156232A JP2018156232A JP2020028260A JP 2020028260 A JP2020028260 A JP 2020028260A JP 2018156232 A JP2018156232 A JP 2018156232A JP 2018156232 A JP2018156232 A JP 2018156232A JP 2020028260 A JP2020028260 A JP 2020028260A
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- Prior art keywords
- fatty acid
- yeast
- polynucleotide
- desaturase
- acid desaturase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
酵母Psudozyma antarctica由来のΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼのコード配列を含む、単離されたポリヌクレオチド。
ベクターの形態である、項1に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
前記Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼが下記(i)又は(ii)に記載のタンパク質:
(i)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質、又は
(ii)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列と70%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質、
である、項1又は2のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチド。
前記同一性が90%以上である、項3に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
前記Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼが、それをリポマイセス属酵母に発現させることによって該酵母の脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率を12%以下にまで低下させることができる活性を有する、項1〜4のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチド。
下記(A)又は(B)に記載のΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ:
(A)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ、又は
(B)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列と70%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼであって、それをリポマイセス属酵母に発現させることによって該酵母の脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率を12%以下にまで低下させることができる活性を有するΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ、
のコード配列を含む、単離されたポリヌクレオチド。
前記同一性が90%以上である、項6に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
項1〜7のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチドが含む前記コード配列によってコードされる、Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ。
項1〜7のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む、細胞。
酵母である、項9に記載の細胞。
油脂酵母である、項9又は10に記載の細胞。
リポマイセス属酵母である、項9〜11のいずれかに記載の細胞。
項9〜12のいずれかに記載の細胞の培養物から油脂を回収することを含む、油脂の製造方法。
項9〜12のいずれかに記載の細胞の油脂含有培養物。
脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率が12%以下である、項14に記載の油脂含有培養物。
項9〜12のいずれかに記載の細胞の油脂含有抽出物。
脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率が12%以下である、項16に記載の油脂含有抽出物。
本発明は、その一態様において、Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ、及びそのコード配列を含む単離されたポリヌクレオチドに関する。以下に、これらについて説明する。
Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼは、その一態様において、酵母Psudozyma antarctica由来のΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ(以下、「Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ1」と示すこともある。)である。ここで、「酵母Psudozyma antarctica由来の」とは、酵母Psudozyma antarcticaが元来有する(すなわち、野生型のゲノムにコードされている)もの、或いはそれに基づいてアミノ酸配列が改変されたものである限り、特に制限されない。改変の程度は、活性を大きく損ねない(例えば、元の活性の70%以上、80%以上、90%以上、95%以上、99%以上の活性を保つ/有する)程度である限り特に制限されない。
(i)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質、又は
(ii)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列と70%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質である。
(iia)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列に対して1若しくは複数個のアミノ酸が変異(例えば置換、欠失、付加、挿入等、好ましくは置換、より好ましくは保存的置換)したアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質である。
(A)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ、又は
(B)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列と70%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼであって、それをリポマイセス属酵母に発現させることによって該酵母の脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率を12%以下にまで低下させることができる活性を有するΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼである。
(Ba)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列に対して1若しくは複数個のアミノ酸が変異(例えば置換、欠失、付加、挿入等、好ましくは置換、より好ましくは保存的置換)したアミノ酸配列からなるΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼであって、それをリポマイセス属酵母に発現させることによって該酵母の脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率を12%以下にまで低下させることができる活性を有するΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼである。
ポリヌクレオチドは、その一態様において、Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ1又はΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ2のコード配列を含む、単離されたポリヌクレオチドである。
(X)配列番号2に示される塩基配列、又は
(Y)配列番号2に示される塩基配列と70%以上の同一性を有する塩基配列
が挙げられる。
(Ya)配列番号1に示される塩基配列に対して1若しくは複数個の塩基が変異(例えば置換、欠失、付加、挿入等)した塩基配列である。
本発明は、その一態様において、上記したポリヌクレオチドを含む細胞に関する。以下に、これについて説明する。
本発明は、その一態様において、上記した細胞の培養物から油脂を回収することを含む、油脂の製造方法に関する。以下に、これについて説明する。
既知の微生物由来Δ12 fatty acid desaturaseのアミノ酸配列とBLAST解析を利用し、L. starkeyiが元来有するΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ(LsFad1)をコードする遺伝子の同定に成功した。本遺伝子をL. starkeyi lslig4破壊株において過剰発現プロモーターを利用して18S rDNA上において過剰発現させ、GY培地(5% glucose, 0.5% yeast extract)で培養した。なお、これらの試験は、後述の実施例と同様にして行った。その結果、LsFad1の過剰発現により、脂肪酸組成におけるリノール酸含有率が向上したことが分かった(表1)。ただ、まだ多くのオレイン酸が残存していた。
産業技術総合研究所敷地内において単離された、主に酵母によって構成されている微生物ライブラリーを、GY培地において培養した。微生物46クローンについて、脂肪酸組成の解析を行った。脂肪酸組成の解析では、まず酵母菌体の直接メチル化法(Kamisaka Y, Noda N, Tomita N, Kimura K, Kodaki T, Hosaka K (2006) Identification of genes affecting lipid content using transposon mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 70, 646-653)により菌体内に含まれる脂肪酸をメチル化し、それをガスクロマトグラフィー-マススペクトロメーター(GC-MS、島津社 QP2010 SE)で解析した。本解析ではキャリアーガスとしてヘリウムガスを、また、アジレントテクノロジー社 DB-225MSキャピラリーカラム(30 m×0.25 mm i.d.)によって各脂肪酸を分離した。その結果、リノール酸(18:2)を高蓄積している酵母を発見した。以下に、このリノール酸高蓄積酵母の脂肪酸組成解析結果(脂肪酸中の各種脂肪酸の含有率)を示す。
pKS-18S-Pact1-nat1-Tact1-Ptdh3-LsD12d1-Ttdh3-18Sプラスミド(ノースレオリシン耐性遺伝子をLsACT1遺伝子のプロモーター及びターミネーターの制御下で、またL. starkeyi由来LsD12d1遺伝子をLsTDH3遺伝子のプロモーター及びターネーターで発現させるためのコンストラクト。本コンストラクトはL. starkeyiのゲノムDNA中の18S rDNA領域に挿入される)を元に、PaΔ12d発現プラスミドを作製した。
作製した発現プラスミドを鋳型にプライマーセット5(Li18S_F:5’-GCTTCTTCGGAAGCTCTTTGGTGATTCATG-3’(配列番号11)、及びLi18S_R:5’-CGACTATATCTTAAGCCGCACAACGGCCC-3’(配列番号12))を用いてPCRを行った。エタノール沈殿により濃縮後、得られたDNA溶液をL. starkeyiΔlig4の形質転換に使用した。
実施例3で得られた形質転換体を、GY液体培地(5% glucose, 0.5% yeast extract、水)で培養した。培養条件は、次の通りである:温度20℃、培養時間4日間。得られた培養物から酵母菌体を回収し、脂肪酸のメチル化及びGC-MS解析(実施例1と同様)によって脂肪酸組成の解析を行った。結果を図1及び表3に示す。
Claims (17)
- 酵母Psudozyma antarctica由来のΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼのコード配列を含む、単離されたポリヌクレオチド。
- ベクターの形態である、請求項1に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼが下記(i)又は(ii)に記載のタンパク質:
(i)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質、又は
(ii)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列と70%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質、
である、請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチド。 - 前記同一性が90%以上である、請求項3に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼが、それをリポマイセス属酵母に発現させることによって該酵母の脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率を12%以下にまで低下させることができる活性を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 下記(A)又は(B)に記載のΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ:
(A)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ、又は
(B)配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列と70%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼであって、それをリポマイセス属酵母に発現させることによって該酵母の脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率を12%以下にまで低下させることができる活性を有するΔ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ、
のコード配列を含む、単離されたポリヌクレオチド。 - 前記同一性が90%以上である、請求項6に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチドが含む前記コード配列によってコードされる、Δ12脂肪酸デサチュラーゼ。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む、細胞。
- 酵母である、請求項9に記載の細胞。
- 油脂酵母である、請求項9又は10に記載の細胞。
- リポマイセス属酵母である、請求項9〜11のいずれかに記載の細胞。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれかに記載の細胞の培養物から油脂を回収することを含む、油脂の製造方法。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれかに記載の細胞の油脂含有培養物。
- 脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率が12%以下である、請求項14に記載の油脂含有培養物。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれかに記載の細胞の油脂含有抽出物。
- 脂肪酸中オレイン酸含有率が12%以下である、請求項16に記載の油脂含有抽出物。
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