JP2020007875A

JP2020007875A - Porcelain plate

Info

Publication number: JP2020007875A
Application number: JP2018132357A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 知司角谷; Tomoji Sumiya
Original assignee: ISHIKAWA TOKI IRON WORKS; ISHIKAWA TOKI TEKKOSHO KK
Current assignee: ISHIKAWA TOKI IRON WORKS; ISHIKAWA TOKI TEKKOSHO KK
Priority date: 2018-07-12
Filing date: 2018-07-12
Publication date: 2020-01-16

Abstract

To have an adjustable overlapping amount in a porcelain plate arranged in a plurality side by side in a state of being overlapped partially and therefore to have an adjustable whole size of the porcelain plate arranged according to a size of a roof, wall etc without needing a trouble such as cutting the porcelain plate on construction.SOLUTION: A projection part 11 projecting on a front surface of a left side end 10E and a recess part 12 arranged on a rear surface of a right side end part 10F to receive the projection part 11 when overlapped are provided. The projection part 11 has a shade part 11a extending longitudinally in Y direction to a projection end situated within the recess part 12 in a state of being received in the recess part 12, the recess part 12 has an eaves part 12a extending longitudinally in Y direction so as to narrow its opening to be capable of being engaged with the shade part 11a and an interval in Y direction between tips of the eaves part 12a is wider than a thickness in Y direction of the projection part 11 interposed between the eaves part 12a in a state where the projection part 11 is received in the recess part 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

Description

本発明は、屋根材、壁材等として使用可能な陶磁板に関する。 The present invention relates to a ceramic plate that can be used as a roof material, a wall material, and the like.

特許文献１には、屋根材、壁材等として使用可能な陶磁板が開示されている。この陶磁板を屋根材、壁材等として使用するに際しては、複数の陶磁板を並べて敷設される。この際、隣接する陶磁板同士は、その一部が面合わせで重ねられる。 Patent Literature 1 discloses a ceramic plate that can be used as a roof material, a wall material, and the like. When this ceramic plate is used as a roof material, a wall material or the like, a plurality of ceramic plates are laid side by side. At this time, adjacent ceramic plates are partially overlapped with each other by face-to-face matching.

特開２０１５−２００１２２号公報JP 2015-200122 A

複数の陶磁板を並べて施工すると、施工される屋根、壁等の大きさに対する陶磁板の大きさの関係で、成り行きに任せた施工では、屋根、壁等に対して陶磁板が食み出すことがある。その場合、食み出しても問題がないように施工上の工夫をするか、陶磁板を切断して調整することが考えられる。しかし、それらの対応策は、余分な手間を必要とし、作業性を悪化させる。 When multiple ceramic plates are arranged side by side, the size of the ceramic plate with respect to the size of the roof, walls, etc. to be constructed. There is. In such a case, it is conceivable to devise the construction so that there is no problem even if it protrudes, or to cut and adjust the ceramic plate. However, those countermeasures require extra labor and deteriorate workability.

このような問題に鑑み本発明の課題は、部分的に重ねた状態で複数枚を並べて敷設される陶磁板において、重なり量を調整可能とすることにある。それにより、施工時に陶磁板を切断するなどの余分な手間を必要とせずに、屋根、壁等の大きさに合わせて敷設される陶磁板の大きさを調整可能とすることにある。 In view of such a problem, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to adjust the amount of overlap in a ceramic plate that is laid in a state where a plurality of ceramic plates are laid in a partially overlapped state. Accordingly, it is possible to adjust the size of the porcelain plate laid in accordance with the size of the roof, the wall, etc., without requiring extra work such as cutting the porcelain plate at the time of construction.

第１発明は、複数枚が面合わせで部分的に重ね合わせた状態で一方向に連結される陶磁板であって、前記一方向の一端部の表面上に突出された凸部と、前記一方向の他端部の裏面上に、前記重ね合わせ時に前記凸部を受け入れるように設けられた凹部とを備える。前記凸部は、前記凹部内に受け入れられた状態で前記凹部内に位置する突出端部に前記一方向の前後にそれぞれ延びる笠部を備え、前記凹部は、その開口を狭めるように前記一方向の前後にそれぞれ延びて、前記笠部と係合可能とされた庇部を備え、前記庇部の先端同士の前記一方向の間隔は、前記凸部が前記凹部内に受け入れられた状態で、前記庇部同士間に挟まれた前記凸部の前記一方向の太さよりも広くされている。 A first invention is a ceramic plate connected in one direction in a state in which a plurality of sheets are partially overlapped in a face-to-face manner, wherein the protrusion protrudes on a surface of one end in the one direction, and A concave portion provided on the back surface of the other end in the direction to receive the convex portion during the superposition. The protrusion includes a cap portion extending forward and backward in the one direction at a protruding end positioned in the recess in a state received in the recess, and the recess is formed in the one direction so as to narrow an opening thereof. Each of which has an eaves portion that can be engaged with the cap portion, and the distance between the tips of the eaves portions in the one direction is such that the convex portion is received in the concave portion, The thickness of the convex portion sandwiched between the eaves is larger than the thickness in the one direction.

第１発明において、陶磁板を製造する粘土としては、屋根瓦用粘土、磁器用粘土等各種のものが使用できる。 In the first invention, various clays such as clay for roof tiles and clay for porcelain can be used as clay for producing a ceramic plate.

第１発明によれば、凹部の庇部の間隔は、凸部の太さよりも広くされている。そのため、陶磁板を複数枚一方向に並べた際の一方向長さを屋根、壁等の施工域に合わせて調整することができる。即ち、施工域に対して陶磁板の敷設長さが長くなる場合は、各陶磁板同士の重なり量を多くして陶磁板の敷設長さを短くする。一方、施工域に対して陶磁板の長さが短くなる場合は、各陶磁板同士の重なり量を少なくして陶磁板の敷設長さを長くする。それにより、施工時に陶磁板を切断するなどの余分な手間を必要とせずに、屋根、壁等の施工域の大きさに合わせて敷設される陶磁板の大きさを容易に調整することができる。 According to the first invention, the interval between the eaves of the concave portion is wider than the thickness of the convex portion. Therefore, the length in one direction when a plurality of ceramic plates are arranged in one direction can be adjusted according to a construction area such as a roof or a wall. That is, when the laying length of the ceramic plate becomes longer than the construction area, the amount of overlap between the respective ceramic plates is increased to shorten the laying length of the ceramic plate. On the other hand, when the length of the porcelain plate is shorter than the construction area, the amount of overlap between the porcelain plates is reduced to increase the laying length of the porcelain plate. This makes it possible to easily adjust the size of the porcelain plate to be laid according to the size of the construction area such as a roof or a wall without requiring extra work such as cutting the porcelain plate during construction. .

第２発明は、上記第１発明において、前記庇部の先端同士の前記一方向の間隔は、前記笠部の前記一方向の大きさより大きくされている。 In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the distance between the tips of the eaves in the one direction is greater than the size of the cap in the one direction.

第２発明によれば、陶磁板を重ね合わせるため凸部を凹部内に挿入する際、凸部先端の笠部の一方向寸法よりも広くされた庇部の先端同士の隙間を通して面合わせ方向で挿入作業することができる。従って、挿入作業を凹部の端部から凸部を、面合わせ方向に交差する方向から差し込むような作業を行う必要はなく、作業性を良くすることができる。 According to the second invention, when inserting the convex portion into the concave portion for stacking the ceramic plates, in the face-to-face direction through the gap between the tip portions of the eaves portion which is wider than the one-way dimension of the cap portion at the tip of the convex portion. Insertion work can be done. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the inserting operation such that the convex portion is inserted from the end of the concave portion from the direction intersecting the surface matching direction, and the workability can be improved.

第３発明は、上記第２発明において、前記陶磁板が２枚、前記一方向の前後位置を互い違いにして表裏面を重ねたとき、前記凹部内に前記凸部が挿入された状態となるように、前記凹部及び前記凸部の前記他端部及び前記一端部上の位置が設定されている。 In a third aspect based on the second aspect, when the two ceramic plates are stacked on the front and back surfaces with the front and rear positions staggered in the one direction, the convex portion is inserted into the concave portion. The positions of the concave portion and the convex portion on the other end portion and the one end portion are set.

第３発明によれば、複数枚の陶磁板を運搬等のために梱包する際、陶磁板同士を一方向の前後位置を互い違いにして重ね合わせることにより、一方の陶磁板の凸部が他方の陶磁板の凹部に挿入される。そのため、梱包時に凸部が突出することにより梱包体積が大きくなることはなく、梱包体積を小さくして、運搬等の作業性を良くすることができる。 According to the third invention, when packing a plurality of ceramic plates for transportation or the like, the convex portions of one of the ceramic plates are overlapped with each other so that the front and rear positions in one direction are staggered. It is inserted into the recess of the ceramic plate. Therefore, the packing volume does not increase due to the projections projecting at the time of packing, and the packing volume can be reduced to improve workability such as transportation.

第４発明は、上記第１〜第３発明のいずれかにおいて、前記凸部及び前記凹部は、前記一方向に対して直交する方向に連続して形成されている。 In a fourth aspect based on any one of the first to third aspects, the convex portion and the concave portion are formed continuously in a direction orthogonal to the one direction.

第４発明によれば、陶磁板となる成形板を粘土の押出成形により形成する場合、凸部及び凹部を押出方向に一致させることにより、凸部及び凹部を押出成形と同時に形成することができる。従って、凸部及び凹部を形成する工程を別途設ける必要はなく陶磁板の生産性を高めることができる。 According to the fourth aspect of the invention, when the forming plate to be the ceramic plate is formed by extrusion of clay, the projections and the depressions can be formed simultaneously with the extrusion by aligning the projections and the depressions with the extrusion direction. . Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a step of forming the convex portion and the concave portion, and the productivity of the ceramic plate can be increased.

本発明の陶磁板の一実施形態を示す表面側からの斜視図である。It is a perspective view from the surface side which shows one embodiment of the ceramic plate of the present invention. 上記実施形態の陶磁板の裏面側からの斜視図である。It is a perspective view from the back side of the ceramic plate of the above-mentioned embodiment. 上記実施形態の陶磁板の表面側正面図である。It is a front side view of the ceramic plate of the embodiment. 上記実施形態の陶磁板の裏面側正面図である。It is a back side front view of the ceramic plate of the said embodiment. 上記実施形態の陶磁板の後端部の拡大側面図である。It is an enlarged side view of the rear end part of the ceramic plate of the said embodiment. 上記実施形態の陶磁板の前端部の拡大側面図である。It is an enlarged side view of the front end part of the ceramic plate of the said embodiment. 上記実施形態の陶磁板の左側端部の拡大側面図である。It is an enlarged side view of the left end part of the ceramic plate of the said embodiment. 上記実施形態の陶磁板の右側端部の拡大側面図である。It is an enlarged side view of the right end part of the ceramic plate of the said embodiment. 図３のＩＸ−ＩＸ線断面矢視拡大図である。FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. 3. 上記実施形態の陶磁板をＹ方向（一方向）に複数枚並べた状態を示す説明図である。It is an explanatory view showing the state where a plurality of ceramic plates of the above-mentioned embodiment were arranged in the direction of Y (one direction). 図９と同様の断面矢視図であり、複数枚の陶磁板を梱包する際の荷姿を示す。FIG. 10 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 9, showing a packing state when a plurality of ceramic plates are packed.

図１〜８は、本発明の陶磁板の一実施形態を示す。この実施形態は、押出成形装置（図示略）の口金（図示略）から粘土を押し出す押出成形によって粘土成形板を形成し、その粘土成形板に更に加工を加え、その後、焼成して得られる陶磁板１０である。なお、図３、４の左右方向が粘土の押出方向であり、この押出方向を、以下の説明では、図１で示すようにＸ方向と言い、Ｘ方向に対して直交する方向をＹ方向（本発明における一方向に相当する）と言う。また、図１に矢印で示すように、図１における陶磁板１０の右端を前端部１０Ｄ、左端を後端部１０Ｃと言い、前端部１０Ｄに向かって右側の端部を右側端部１０Ｆ、前端部１０Ｄに向かって左側の端部を左側端部１０Ｅと言う。更に、陶磁板１０の表裏面に直交する方向を上下方向とする。 1 to 8 show an embodiment of the ceramic plate of the present invention. In this embodiment, a clay molded plate is formed by extrusion molding in which clay is extruded from a die (not shown) of an extrusion molding device (not shown), the clay molded plate is further processed, and then the ceramic is obtained by firing. The plate 10. In addition, the left-right direction of FIGS. 3 and 4 is the extrusion direction of the clay, and in the following description, the extrusion direction is referred to as the X direction as shown in FIG. 1, and the direction orthogonal to the X direction is the Y direction ( (Corresponding to one direction in the present invention). As shown by arrows in FIG. 1, the right end of the ceramic plate 10 in FIG. 1 is referred to as a front end 10D, the left end is referred to as a rear end 10C, and the right end toward the front end 10D is a right end 10F and a front end. The left end portion toward the portion 10D is referred to as a left end portion 10E. Further, a direction perpendicular to the front and back surfaces of the ceramic plate 10 is defined as a vertical direction.

図３の紙面表側は陶磁板１０の表面１０Ａであり、図４の紙面表側は陶磁板１０の裏面１０Ｂである。図３、４に破線で示すように、粘土の押出成形にて板状に形成され、焼成された陶磁板１０には、押出方向に沿って複数個の中空孔２３（図３、４において、２３の符号は３つの中空孔に対してのみ付し、他の中空孔に付すことを省略した。）が形成されている。 3 is the front surface 10A of the ceramic plate 10, and the front surface of FIG. 4 is the back surface 10B of the ceramic plate 10. As shown by the dashed lines in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of hollow holes 23 (in FIGS. 3 and 4, Reference numeral 23 is assigned only to three hollow holes, and is omitted from the other hollow holes.).

陶磁板１０の左側端部（本発明における一端部に相当）１０Ｅには、表面１０Ａ側に突出し、Ｘ方向に沿って延びる凸部１１が一体に設けられ、陶磁板１０の右側端部（本発明における他端部に相当）１０Ｆには、裏面１０Ｂ側が窪まされ、Ｘ方向に延びる凹部１２が形成されている。図１０のように、複数枚の陶磁板１０がＹ方向に部分的に重ねられた状態で連結されるとき、凸部１１は凹部１２内に受け入れられる関係となっている。 The left end (corresponding to one end in the present invention) 10E of the ceramic plate 10 is integrally provided with a convex portion 11 protruding toward the surface 10A and extending along the X direction. The back surface 10B side is recessed in 10F, and a recess 12 extending in the X direction is formed in 10F. As shown in FIG. 10, when a plurality of ceramic plates 10 are connected in a state of being partially overlapped in the Y direction, the protrusions 11 are received in the recesses 12.

図９によく示されるように、凸部１１が凹部１２内に受け入れられた状態で、凹部１２内に位置する凸部１１の突出端部には、Ｙ方向の前後に突出して延びる笠部１１ａが一体に形成されている。また、凹部１２には、開口を狭めるようにＹ方向の前後に突出して延びる庇部１２ａが笠部１１ａと係合可能に形成されている。従って、陶磁板１０の敷設時には、複数枚の陶磁板１０がＹ方向に部分的に重ねられた状態で連結される。そのとき、凸部１１が凹部１２内に挿入された状態で凸部１１の笠部１１ａが凹部１２の庇部１２ａに係合して、重ねられた状態で連結された陶磁板１０同士が上下方向に離間するのを阻止するようにしている。 As shown in FIG. 9, in a state in which the convex portion 11 is received in the concave portion 12, a protruding end portion of the convex portion 11 located in the concave portion 12 has a cap portion 11 a which protrudes forward and backward in the Y direction. Are integrally formed. In the recess 12, an eave portion 12a protruding forward and backward in the Y direction so as to narrow the opening is formed so as to be able to engage with the cap portion 11a. Therefore, when the ceramic plates 10 are laid, the plurality of ceramic plates 10 are connected in a state of being partially overlapped in the Y direction. At this time, the cap portion 11a of the convex portion 11 engages with the eave portion 12a of the concave portion 12 in a state where the convex portion 11 is inserted into the concave portion 12, and the ceramic plates 10 connected in a stacked state are vertically moved. It is designed to prevent separation in the direction.

図９のように、凹部１２の庇部１２ａの先端同士のＹ方向の間隔は、凸部１１の笠部１１ａの先端同士のＹ方向の大きさよりも大きくされている。そのため、陶磁板１０を重ね合わせるため凸部１１を凹部１２内に挿入する際、面合わせ方向で容易に挿入作業を行うことができる。従って、挿入作業を凹部１２の端部から凸部１１を、面合わせ方向に交差する方向（Ｘ方向）から差し込むような作業を行う必要はなく、作業性を良くすることができる。 As shown in FIG. 9, the distance in the Y direction between the tips of the eaves 12 a of the recess 12 is larger than the size in the Y direction of the tips of the cap 11 a of the protrusion 11. Therefore, when inserting the convex portion 11 into the concave portion 12 to overlap the ceramic plates 10, the insertion operation can be easily performed in the surface matching direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the insertion work such that the protrusion 11 is inserted from the end of the recess 12 from the direction (X direction) intersecting the surface matching direction, and the workability can be improved.

凸部１１及び凹部１２は、粘土の押出成形を行う際に同時に成形される。従って、凸部１１及び凹部１２に笠部１１ａ及び庇部１２ａを一体に備える構成も１回の押出成形により容易に形成することができる。 The convex portion 11 and the concave portion 12 are formed at the same time when the clay is extruded. Therefore, a configuration in which the cap portion 11a and the eave portion 12a are integrally provided in the convex portion 11 and the concave portion 12 can be easily formed by one extrusion molding.

陶磁板１０の後端部１０Ｃには、表面１０Ａ側から粘土を押し潰して形成された端末部１６を備え、陶磁板１０の前端部１０Ｄには、裏面１０Ｂ側から粘土を押し潰して形成された端末部１７を備えている。従って、端末部１６及び端末部１７は、上下方向の粘土量が少なくされて板厚を薄くされている。また、端末部１６の上面側には、上面側に向けて突出し、Ｙ方向に延びる第１の突条１８を一体に備え、端末部１７の下面側には、下面側に向けて突出し、Ｙ方向に延びる第２の突条１９を備える。第１の突条１８の左側端部１０Ｅ側（第１角部１０Ｇ）はＸ方向に屈曲されて堤部１５が形成されている。端末部１６及び端末部１７の形成時に粘土が押し潰されると、そこから押出される粘土は中空孔２３側に流れ、その粘土により中空孔２３の両端が閉塞される。端末部１６の右側端部１０Ｆ側の角部である第３角部１０Ｊには、切欠が形成され、切欠部２１が設けられている。 The rear end portion 10C of the ceramic plate 10 includes a terminal portion 16 formed by crushing clay from the front surface 10A side, and the front end portion 10D of the ceramic plate 10 is formed by crushing clay from the back surface 10B side. The terminal unit 17 is provided. Therefore, the terminal portion 16 and the terminal portion 17 are reduced in the amount of clay in the vertical direction and are made thinner. In addition, a first ridge 18 protruding toward the upper surface and extending in the Y direction is integrally provided on the upper surface side of the terminal portion 16, and protruding toward the lower surface side on the lower surface side of the terminal portion 17. A second ridge 19 extending in the direction is provided. The left end 10E side (first corner 10G) of the first ridge 18 is bent in the X direction to form the bank 15. When the clay is crushed during the formation of the terminal portions 16 and 17, the clay extruded therefrom flows toward the hollow hole 23, and both ends of the hollow hole 23 are closed by the clay. A notch is formed in the third corner 10 </ b> J, which is a corner on the right end 10 </ b> F side of the terminal 16, and a notch 21 is provided.

図３、５、６、９のように、凸部１１の左側端部１０Ｅ側には、凸部１１と並んでＸ方向に沿って延びる溝２４が形成されている。また、溝２４の左側端部１０Ｅ側には、２つの貫通孔２２がＸ方向に分散して設けられている。 As shown in FIGS. 3, 5, 6, and 9, a groove 24 extending along the X direction is formed on the left end 10 </ b> E side of the protrusion 11 along with the protrusion 11. Two through holes 22 are provided on the left end 10E side of the groove 24 so as to be dispersed in the X direction.

屋根、壁等に複数の陶磁板１０を敷設するとき、複数の陶磁板１０がＸ、Ｙ両方向に並べられて互いに結合される。このとき、各陶磁板１０の左側端部１０Ｅが貫通孔２２を貫通したネジ（図示略）によりベース材（図示略）に固定される。各陶磁板１０は、Ｘ方向では端末部１７が、隣接する陶磁板１０の端末部１６に被せられた状態で組み合わされる。また、Ｙ方向では右側端部１０Ｆのカバー部位１０ａが隣接する陶磁板１０の左側端部１０Ｅの被カバー部位１０ｂに被せられた状態で組み合わされる。 When laying a plurality of ceramic plates 10 on a roof, a wall, or the like, the plurality of ceramic plates 10 are arranged in both the X and Y directions and connected to each other. At this time, the left end 10E of each ceramic plate 10 is fixed to a base material (not shown) by screws (not shown) penetrating through holes 22. Each ceramic plate 10 is assembled in a state where the terminal portion 17 is placed on the terminal portion 16 of the adjacent ceramic plate 10 in the X direction. In the Y direction, the cover portion 10a of the right end portion 10F is combined with the covered portion 10b of the left end portion 10E of the adjacent ceramic plate 10 in a state of being covered.

Ｘ方向に陶磁板１０同士が隣接する部分では、端末部１７の下面側と、端末部１６の上面側との間に、Ｙ方向に連通する通路が形成される。この通路は、陶磁板１０の表面１０Ａ上に付着して端末部１６の上面に落ちた雨水を通す水路の機能を果たすものとなる。ここで、端末部１６の上面側及び端末部１７の下面側の各突条１８、１９は、通路を流れる雨水がＸ方向に隣接する陶磁板１０同士間の隙間に漏れないように堤の機能を果たしている。一方、堤部１５は、各突条１８、１９間の通路の雨水が左側端部１０Ｅ側に隣接する陶磁板１０との間の隙間に漏れないように堤の機能を果たしている。 In a portion where the ceramic plates 10 are adjacent to each other in the X direction, a passage communicating with the Y direction is formed between the lower surface side of the terminal portion 17 and the upper surface side of the terminal portion 16. This passage functions as a water passage that allows rainwater that has adhered to the surface 10A of the ceramic plate 10 and has fallen on the upper surface of the terminal portion 16 to pass through. Here, the ridges 18 and 19 on the upper surface side of the terminal portion 16 and the lower surface side of the terminal portion 17 function as a bank so that rainwater flowing through the passage does not leak into the gap between the adjacent ceramic plates 10 in the X direction. Plays. On the other hand, the bank portion 15 functions as a bank so that rainwater in the passage between the ridges 18 and 19 does not leak into the gap between the ceramic plate 10 adjacent to the left end portion 10E side.

Ｙ方向に陶磁板１０同士が隣接する部分では、左側端部１０Ｅの凸部１１が、右側端部１０Ｆの凹部１２に挿入され、その重なり部分で隣接する陶磁板１０同士が互いに機械的に連結されて、板面に沿ってＹ方向に引き離されるのを阻止するようにされている。また、凸部１１の笠部１１ａと凹部１２の庇部１２ａとの係合により隣接する陶磁板１０同士が上下方向にも互いに機械的に連結されている。 In the portion where the ceramic plates 10 are adjacent to each other in the Y direction, the convex portion 11 of the left end 10E is inserted into the concave portion 12 of the right end 10F, and the adjacent ceramic plates 10 are mechanically connected to each other at the overlapping portion. Then, it is prevented from being separated in the Y direction along the plate surface. The adjacent ceramic plates 10 are also mechanically connected to each other in the vertical direction by the engagement between the cap portion 11a of the convex portion 11 and the eave portion 12a of the concave portion 12.

上述のように、陶磁板１０の第３角部１０Ｊには、切欠部２１が設けられている。そのため、隣接する陶磁板１０同士がＸ方向で互いに重ね合わされるとき、端末部１６の右側端部１０Ｆ端が隣接する陶磁板１０の凹部１２の右側端部１０Ｆ端の庇部１２ａと干渉してしまうことを回避している。なお、切欠部２１における切欠のＸ方向の大きさは、端末部１６の下面において、端末部１６のＸ方向の寸法と実質同じされている。また、切欠部２１における切欠のＹ方向の大きさは、端末部１６が隣接する陶磁板１０の凹部１２の右側端部１０Ｆ端の庇部１２ａと干渉しない寸法で、且つ隣接する陶磁板１０の被カバー部位１０ｂ（第２角部１０Ｈ）の表面１０Ａの上面に重なることが可能な寸法とされている。 As described above, the notch 21 is provided in the third corner 10J of the ceramic plate 10. Therefore, when the adjacent ceramic plates 10 are overlapped with each other in the X direction, the right end 10F end of the terminal portion 16 interferes with the eave portion 12a at the right end 10F end of the concave portion 12 of the adjacent ceramic plate 10. To avoid it. The size of the notch in the notch 21 in the X direction is substantially the same as the size of the terminal 16 in the X direction on the lower surface of the terminal 16. Further, the size of the notch in the notch portion 21 in the Y direction is a dimension such that the terminal portion 16 does not interfere with the eaves portion 12a at the end of the right end 10F of the concave portion 12 of the adjacent ceramic plate 10 and the size of the adjacent ceramic plate 10 The dimensions are such that they can overlap the upper surface of the surface 10A of the covered portion 10b (the second corner 10H).

図９は、Ｙ方向に複数（ここでは２枚）の陶磁板１０を連結する様子を示す。図９（Ａ）は２枚の陶磁板１０の重なり量ｂを少なくした場合を示し、図９（Ｂ）は２枚の陶磁板１０の重なり量ｂを多くした場合を示す。例えば、図９（Ａ）における重なり量ｂは３ｃｍであり、図９（Ｂ）における重なり量ｂは４ｃｍである。そのため、図９（Ａ）では、凸部１１の右側端部１０Ｆ側の笠部１１ａを、凹部１２の右側端部１０Ｆ側の庇部１２ａに係合させている。また、図９（Ｂ）では、凸部１１の左側端部１０Ｅ側の笠部１１ａを凹部１２の左側端部１０Ｅ側の庇部１２ａに係合させている。このように、２枚の陶磁板１０の重なり量ｂを、図９（Ａ）の状態とするか、図９（Ｂ）の状態とするかによって、Ｙ方向に連結して敷設された２枚の陶磁板１０の見かけ上の長さを、図９に「ａ」で示す量、例えば１ｃｍだけ調整することができる。 FIG. 9 shows a state in which a plurality of (here, two) ceramic plates 10 are connected in the Y direction. 9A shows a case where the overlapping amount b of the two ceramic plates 10 is reduced, and FIG. 9B shows a case where the overlapping amount b of the two ceramic plates 10 is increased. For example, the overlap amount b in FIG. 9A is 3 cm, and the overlap amount b in FIG. 9B is 4 cm. Therefore, in FIG. 9A, the cap portion 11a on the right end 10F side of the convex portion 11 is engaged with the eave portion 12a on the right end portion 10F side of the concave portion 12. In FIG. 9B, the cap 11a on the left end 10E side of the convex portion 11 is engaged with the eave portion 12a on the left end 10E side of the concave portion 12. Thus, depending on whether the overlapping amount b of the two ceramic plates 10 is in the state shown in FIG. 9A or the state shown in FIG. 9B, the two sheets laid in the Y direction are connected. The apparent length of the ceramic plate 10 can be adjusted by the amount indicated by "a" in FIG. 9, for example, 1 cm.

図１０は、屋根、壁等にＹ方向に複数枚の陶磁板１０を敷設した様子を示す。最上位に位置する陶磁板１０のＹ方向の寸法Ｌ１は、陶磁板１０本来のＹ方向の寸法のままで変化しないが、それより下に位置する陶磁板１０は、上に位置する陶磁板１０と重なる分だけ見かけ上のＹ方向の寸法Ｌ２が小さくなる。図１０において、「ｂ」は、隣接する陶磁板１０同士の重なり量を示している。即ち、Ｌ２＋ｂ＝Ｌ１となる。従って、各陶磁板１０間のＹ方向の重なり量ｂを調整して、見かけ上の各陶磁板１０のＹ方向の長さＬ２を変化させることにより、敷設された複数の陶磁板１０全体のＹ方向の長さＬ０を屋根、壁等の施工域に合わせて調整することができる。 FIG. 10 shows a state in which a plurality of ceramic plates 10 are laid in the Y direction on a roof, a wall, or the like. The dimension L1 in the Y direction of the ceramic plate 10 located at the highest position does not change while maintaining the original dimension in the Y direction of the ceramic plate 10, but the ceramic plate 10 located below the ceramic plate 10 is positioned above the ceramic plate 10 located above. The apparent dimension L2 in the Y direction is reduced by the amount of overlap. In FIG. 10, “b” indicates the amount of overlap between adjacent ceramic plates 10. That is, L2 + b = L1. Therefore, by adjusting the amount of overlap b between the ceramic plates 10 in the Y direction and changing the apparent length L2 of each ceramic plate 10 in the Y direction, the Y of the plurality of laid ceramic plates 10 as a whole is changed. The length L0 in the direction can be adjusted according to a construction area such as a roof or a wall.

表１及び表２は、Ｙ方向に連結して敷設される陶磁板１０の敷設枚数に対する陶磁板１０全体のＹ方向の敷設長さ（基準寸法）、並びにＹ方向の延長可能寸法を示す。表１は、１枚当たりの陶磁板１０のＹ方向寸法が３３ｃｍの場合であり、表２は、１枚当たりの陶磁板１０のＹ方向寸法が４０ｃｍの場合である。表１及び表２では、複数の陶磁板１０を敷設する際の各陶磁板１０間の重なり量ｂが、３ｃｍ又は４ｃｍを選択可能とされており、４ｃｍを選択することにより陶磁板１０の敷設長さを重なり部分１箇所当たり１ｃｍ延長することができる。例えば、表１のように、基準寸法３３ｃｍの陶磁板１０を５枚敷設した場合、各陶磁板１０間の４箇所の重なり量ｂをそれぞれ４ｃｍとした基準寸法は、１４９ｃｍとなる。それに対し、４箇所の重なり量ｂを１箇所ずつ３ｃｍに変更することにより５枚の陶磁板１０全体の敷設寸法を、重なり量ｂを１ｃｍずつ延長して最長１５３ｃｍとすることができる。 Tables 1 and 2 show the laying length (reference dimension) of the entire ceramic plate 10 in the Y direction with respect to the number of the porcelain plates 10 laid in connection in the Y direction, and the extendable dimension in the Y direction. Table 1 shows the case where the size of the ceramic plate 10 per sheet in the Y direction is 33 cm, and Table 2 shows the case where the size of the ceramic plate 10 per sheet in the Y direction is 40 cm. In Tables 1 and 2, when the plurality of ceramic plates 10 are laid, the overlap amount b between the respective ceramic plates 10 can be set to 3 cm or 4 cm. By selecting 4 cm, the laying of the ceramic plates 10 is performed. The length can be extended by 1 cm per overlapping portion. For example, as shown in Table 1, when five ceramic plates 10 each having a reference size of 33 cm are laid, the reference size when the overlap amount b at each of the four ceramic plates 10 is 4 cm is 149 cm. On the other hand, by changing the overlapping amount b at four locations to 3 cm for each location, the laying dimensions of the entire five ceramic plates 10 can be extended to the maximum length of 153 cm by extending the overlapping amount b by 1 cm.

表１及び表２に太枠で囲って示すように、１枚の陶磁板１０の基準寸法から「４」を減じた値（表１では「２９」、表２では「３６」）以上の枚数の陶磁板１０を連結して敷設する場合には、屋根、壁等の施工域の寸法のあらゆる変化に対して、各陶磁板１０間のＹ方向の重なり量ｂを変更するか、陶磁板１０の枚数を変更することにより調整可能となる。 As shown in Tables 1 and 2 with a thick frame, the number of sheets is equal to or greater than a value obtained by subtracting “4” from the reference dimension of one ceramic plate 10 (“29” in Table 1 and “36” in Table 2). When the ceramic plates 10 are connected and laid, the amount of overlap b in the Y direction between the ceramic plates 10 is changed with respect to any change in the dimensions of the construction area such as the roof and the wall. Can be adjusted by changing the number of images.

即ち、表１において、陶磁板１０をＹ方向に２９枚連結して２８箇所の重なり量ｂを１ｃｍずつ短縮して３ｃｍとすると、２９枚の陶磁板１０を連結した全体の最大寸法は、８７３ｃｍとなる。一方、陶磁板１０をＹ方向に３０枚連結して２９箇所の重なり量ｂを全て４ｃｍとすると、３０枚の陶磁板１０を連結した全体の最小寸法は、８７４ｃｍとなる。従って、２９枚の陶磁板１０を連結して２８箇所の重なり量ｂを全て４ｃｍとした場合の２９枚の陶磁板１０の連結寸法である８４５ｃｍより大きい寸法の施工域に対しては、施工域の寸法がどのように変化しても陶磁板１０側で調整可能である。表２の場合でも、３６枚の陶磁板１０を連結して３５箇所の重なり量ｂを全て４ｃｍとした場合の３６枚の陶磁板１０の連結寸法である１３００ｃｍより大きい寸法の施工域に対しては、施工域の寸法がどのように変化しても陶磁板１０側で調整可能である。 That is, in Table 1, assuming that 29 ceramic plates 10 are connected in the Y direction and the overlapping amount b at 28 locations is reduced by 1 cm to 3 cm, the total maximum size of the connected 29 ceramic plates 10 is 873 cm. Becomes On the other hand, if 30 ceramic plates 10 are connected in the Y direction and the overlap amount b at all 29 locations is 4 cm, the minimum total size of the connected 30 ceramic plates 10 is 874 cm. Therefore, when the 29 ceramic plates 10 are connected to each other and the overlap amount b at 28 locations is set to 4 cm, the connection area of the connection area of 845 cm larger than the connection size of the 29 ceramic plates 10 is set to the work area. Can be adjusted on the ceramic plate 10 side no matter how the dimensions of the ceramic plate 10 change. Also in the case of Table 2, when the 36 ceramic plates 10 are connected to each other and the overlap amount b at 35 locations is set to 4 cm, the connection area of the 36 ceramic plates 10 is larger than 1300 cm. Can be adjusted on the ceramic plate 10 side no matter how the dimensions of the construction area change.

表１及び表２に示すように、１枚の陶磁板１０の基準寸法から「４」を減じた値より少ない枚数の陶磁板１０を連結して敷設する場合でも、その枚数までの数字の範囲内で屋根、壁等の施工域の寸法の変化に対して各陶磁板１０間のＹ方向の重なり量ｂを変更することにより調整可能である。 As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, even when connecting and laying the number of ceramic plates 10 smaller than the value obtained by subtracting "4" from the reference size of one ceramic plate 10, the number range up to the number It can be adjusted by changing the amount of overlap b in the Y direction between the ceramic plates 10 with respect to changes in the dimensions of the construction area such as the roof and walls.

図１１は、複数枚の陶磁板１０を重ねて梱包し、運搬する際の陶磁板１０の荷姿を示す。ここでは、互いに重ね合わされる各２枚の陶磁板１０がＹ方向の左側端部１０Ｅと右側端部１０Ｆとを互い違いにされている。このとき、下側に位置する陶磁板１０の凸部１１は、上側に位置する陶磁板１０の凹部１２内に挿入されている。このような位置関係となるように、凸部１１の左側端部１０Ｅ上での位置、並びに凹部１２の右側端部１０Ｆ上での位置が設定されている。そのため、梱包時に凸部１１が突出することにより梱包体積が大きくなることはなく、梱包体積を小さくして、運搬等の作業を容易にしている。 FIG. 11 shows a packing state of the ceramic plate 10 when a plurality of ceramic plates 10 are stacked, packed, and transported. Here, each of the two ceramic plates 10 stacked on each other has a left end 10E and a right end 10F in the Y direction which are alternated. At this time, the convex portion 11 of the ceramic plate 10 located on the lower side is inserted into the concave portion 12 of the ceramic plate 10 located on the upper side. The position on the left end 10E of the convex portion 11 and the position on the right end 10F of the concave portion 12 are set so as to have such a positional relationship. Therefore, the packing volume does not increase due to the protrusion 11 protruding at the time of packing, and the packing volume is reduced to facilitate operations such as transportation.

以上の陶磁板１０によれば、凹部１２の庇部１２ａの間隔は、凸部１１の太さよりも広くされている。そのため、図１０のように陶磁板１０を複数枚Ｙ方向に並べて敷設した際のＹ方向長さＬ０を屋根、壁等の施工域に合わせて調整することができる。即ち、施工域に対して陶磁板１０の敷設長さが長くなる場合は、各陶磁板１０同士の重なり量を多くして陶磁板１０の敷設長さが短くする。例えば、図９（Ａ）のように敷設して、施工域に対して陶磁板１０の敷設長さが５ｃｍ長くなる場合は、各陶磁板１０の５カ所の重なり量ｂを、図９（Ｂ）のように長くして調整を行う。一方、施工域に対して陶磁板１０の長さが短くなる場合は、各陶磁板１０同士の重なり量を少なくして陶磁板１０の敷設長さが長くする。例えば、図９（Ｂ）のように敷設して、施工域に対して陶磁板１０の敷設長さが５ｃｍ短くなる場合は、各陶磁板１０の５カ所の重なり量ｂを、図９（Ａ）のように短くして調整を行う。それにより、敷設時に陶磁板１０を切断するなどの余分な手間を必要とせずに、屋根、壁等の施工域の大きさに合わせて敷設される陶磁板１０の大きさを容易に調整することができる。 According to the ceramic plate 10 described above, the interval between the eaves 12 a of the concave portion 12 is wider than the thickness of the convex portion 11. Therefore, the length L0 in the Y direction when a plurality of ceramic plates 10 are laid and arranged in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 10 can be adjusted according to the construction area such as a roof or a wall. That is, when the laying length of the ceramic plate 10 is longer than the construction area, the amount of overlap between the respective ceramic plates 10 is increased to shorten the laying length of the ceramic plate 10. For example, if the porcelain plate 10 is laid as shown in FIG. 9A and the laying length of the porcelain plate 10 is longer than the installation area by 5 cm, the overlapping amount b of each of the porcelain plates 10 at five places is calculated as shown in FIG. ) To make adjustments. On the other hand, when the length of the ceramic plate 10 is shorter than the construction area, the amount of overlap between the respective ceramic plates 10 is reduced, and the laying length of the ceramic plate 10 is increased. For example, when laying as shown in FIG. 9B and the laying length of the ceramic plate 10 is shortened by 5 cm with respect to the construction area, the overlapping amount b of the five ceramic plates 10 in FIG. ) To make adjustments. Thereby, the size of the ceramic plate 10 to be laid can be easily adjusted according to the size of the construction area such as a roof or a wall without requiring extra work such as cutting the ceramic plate 10 at the time of laying. Can be.

また、陶磁板１０のＸ方向に複数の陶磁板１０が並べられ、それらが部分的に重ね合わされたとき、重なり部分の端末部１７と端末部１６は、共に板厚を薄くされ、それらの間には、Ｙ方向に連通する通路が形成されている。そのため、陶磁板１０を屋根材や外壁材として使用する場合、陶磁板１０の表面１０Ａ側から雨水が通路内に浸入すると、通路を通じて排水される。その際、端末部１６には第１の突条１８が設けられ、端末部１７には第２の突条１９が設けられているため、通路に浸入した雨水が、隣接する陶磁板１０との隙間に浸み込むことが抑制される。また、端末部１６の端部である第１角部１０Ｇには、通路を閉じる堤部１５が設けられているため、堤部１５が設けられた側が水平面に対して上側に位置するように陶磁板１０を設置することにより、通路に浸入した雨水が陶磁板１０の左側端部１０Ｅ側に流れるのを抑制することができる。堤部１５がない場合は、風圧の影響で、通路に浸入した雨水が陶磁板１０の左側端部１０Ｅ側に流れることがあるが、堤部１５によりこの流れを止めることができる。従って、防水処理を別途設ける必要をなくすか簡略化することができる。 Further, when a plurality of ceramic plates 10 are arranged in the X direction of the ceramic plate 10 and are partially overlapped, the terminal portions 17 and 16 of the overlapping portions are both reduced in plate thickness, and between them. Is formed with a passage communicating in the Y direction. Therefore, when the ceramic plate 10 is used as a roof material or an outer wall material, when rainwater enters the passage from the surface 10A side of the ceramic plate 10, it is drained through the passage. At this time, the terminal portion 16 is provided with the first ridge 18 and the terminal portion 17 is provided with the second ridge 19, so that the rainwater that has infiltrated the passage and the adjacent ceramic plate 10 Penetration into the gap is suppressed. The first corner 10G, which is the end of the terminal portion 16, is provided with the bank 15 that closes the passage, so that the side on which the bank 15 is provided is located above the horizontal plane. By installing the plate 10, it is possible to prevent rainwater that has entered the passage from flowing toward the left end 10 </ b> E of the ceramic plate 10. If there is no bank portion 15, rainwater that has entered the passage may flow toward the left end 10E side of the ceramic plate 10 due to the effect of wind pressure, but this flow can be stopped by the bank portion 15. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate or simplify the need to separately provide a waterproof treatment.

上記陶磁板１０に対し、産業技術センター三河窯業試験場にて「瓦屋根標準設計・施工ガイドライン（独立行政法人建築研究所監修）」で規定された加力装置を用いて「耐風圧性能試験（１５０サイクル法）」を行った。一つの試験は、基準風速４６ｍ／ｓの平均屋根高さが２１ｍに相当し、繰返し引上げ荷重＝３６９６Ｎ／６カ所（５６００Ｎ／ｍ^２）である。もう一つの試験は、基準風速４６ｍ／ｓの平均屋根高さが１０ｍに相当し、繰返し引上げ荷重＝２７４７Ｎ／６カ所（４１６２Ｎ／ｍ^２）である。試験の結果は、いずれの試験も「異常なし」の認定を得た。このことは、凸部１１と凹部１２との係合強度が屋根材としての使用に耐えることを示している。 The ceramic plate 10 is subjected to a “wind pressure resistance test (150) using a force device specified in“ Tile Roof Standard Design and Construction Guidelines (Supervised by the Building Research Institute) ”at the Industrial Technology Center Mikawa Ceramics Laboratory. Cycle method) ". In one test, the average roof height at a reference wind speed of 46 m / s is equivalent to 21 m, and the repeated pulling load is 3696 N / 6 places (5600 N / m ² ). In another test, the average roof height at a reference wind speed of 46 m / s is equivalent to 10 m, and the cyclic lifting load is 2747 N / 6 places (4162 N / m ² ). As a result of the tests, all the tests were certified as “No abnormality”. This indicates that the engagement strength between the convex portion 11 and the concave portion 12 withstands use as a roof material.

以上、特定の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、それらの外観、構成に限定されず、種々の変更、追加、削除が可能である。例えば、陶磁板１０は屋根材、外壁材の他、建物等の内壁材等として使用することもできる。 Although the specific embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the appearance and the configuration, and various changes, additions, and deletions are possible. For example, the ceramic plate 10 can be used as a roof material, an outer wall material, and an inner wall material of a building or the like.

１０陶磁板
１０Ａ表面
１０Ｂ裏面
１０Ｃ後端部
１０Ｄ前端部
１０Ｅ左側端部（一端部）
１０Ｆ右側端部（他端部）
１０Ｇ第１角部
１０Ｈ第２角部
１０Ｊ第３角部
１０ａカバー部位
１０ｂ被カバー部位
１１凸部
１１ａ笠部
１２凹部
１２ａ庇部
１５堤部
１６端末部
１７端末部
１８第１の突条
１９第２の突条
２１切欠部
２２貫通孔
２３中空孔
２４溝 10 Ceramic plate 10A Front surface 10B Back surface 10C Rear end 10D Front end 10E Left end (one end)
10F Right end (other end)
10G 1st corner 10H 2nd corner 10J 3rd corner 10a Cover part 10b Covered part 11 Convex part 11a Cap part 12 Depression 12a Eaves part 15 Bank part 16 Terminal part 17 Terminal part 18 First ridge 19 2 ridge 21 Notch 22 Through hole 23 Hollow hole 24 Groove

Claims

A ceramic plate that is connected in one direction with a plurality of pieces partially overlapped by face-to-face matching,
A protrusion protruding on the surface of the one end in the one direction,
On the back surface of the other end in the one direction, comprising a concave portion provided to receive the convex portion during the superposition,
The protrusion includes a cap portion extending forward and backward in the one direction at a protruding end located in the recess while being received in the recess,
The recess includes an eave portion that extends back and forth in the one direction so as to narrow the opening thereof, and is capable of engaging with the cap portion,
The distance between the tips of the eaves in the one direction is wider than the thickness in the one direction of the protrusions sandwiched between the eaves in a state where the protrusions are received in the recesses. Porcelain plate.

In claim 1,
A ceramic plate in which the distance between the tips of the eaves in the one direction is greater than the size of the cap in the one direction.

In claim 2,
The two ceramic plates, when the front and back surfaces are overlapped with the front-back position in the one direction staggered, the other of the concave portion and the convex portion so that the convex portion is inserted into the concave portion. A ceramic plate having an end and a position on the one end.

In any one of claims 1 to 3,
The ceramic plate, wherein the convex portion and the concave portion are continuously formed in a direction orthogonal to the one direction.