JP2020007791A - Unfastening machine for fastened member and socket - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fastened member unfastening machine for and a socket for a fastened member unfastening machine which makes it possible to easily adjust an installation position of a fastening tool so that the socket does not interfere with an obstacle and the socket can be fitted to the fastened member even if there is the obstacle in the vicinity of the fastened member, thereby enabling the burden on an operator to be reduced.SOLUTION: A unfastening machine is provided with a fastening tool 20, a moving portion 50 that moves the fastening tool 20 along the direction of a rotation axis S of a fastened member B, a support portion, and a socket 30. The support portion supports the fastening tool 20 so as to be movable in a direction intersecting the direction of the rotation axis S. The socket has a cylindrical fitting portion 40 that fits with the fastened member B, a cylindrical enlarged diameter portion 41, and a plurality of protrusions 42. The diameter enlarged portion 41 is enlarged in diameter toward the tip direction. The plurality of protrusions 42 is provided to protrude from a tip end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41 toward the tip direction at intervals larger than the radial dimension of the fastened member B.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a tightening device for tightening or loosening a tightened member such as a bolt or a nut used when fixing a rail of a railway line, and a fitting device for the tightened member. It is about a compatible socket.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a debinder that performs a tightening operation or a loosening operation of a member to be tightened such as a bolt and a nut used when fixing a rail of a railway line. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a delicer mounted on a carrier capable of traveling on a railway line. The debinder disclosed in Patent Literature 1 includes a tightening tool having an electric motor as a drive source, a socket that can be fitted to a member to be tightened, and a socket that is mounted on the tightening tool and a tightening tool that is tightened. A moving unit that moves up and down along the axis of the attachment member. In the debinder disclosed in Patent Document 1, a universal joint is provided between the socket and the motor, and even if the axis of the member to be tightened does not match the axis of the socket, The tightening or loosening operation of the member to be tightened can be performed without causing damage or the like of the attaching member.

JP 2014-198940 A

  However, in the cleaving machine described in Patent Document 1, when the socket is fitted to the member to be tightened, if the axis of the member to be tightened does not match the axis of the socket, The socket cannot be fitted to the member. Therefore, the operator needs to precisely adjust the installation position of the tightening tool in the transport vehicle so that the axis of the member to be tightened and the axis of the socket match. In particular, when there is an obstacle near the member to be fastened, if the socket interferes with the obstacle, the socket cannot be fitted to the member to be fastened. It is also conceivable that the socket or the tightening tool may be damaged by collision with an obstacle. Therefore, the operator is forced to repeat the installation work of the tightening tool so that the socket does not interfere with the obstacle and the axis of the member to be tightened and the axis of the socket coincide with each other. Therefore, the burden on the worker increases.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a socket that does not interfere with an obstacle and that the socket is fitted to the member to be tightened even when there is an obstacle near the member to be tightened. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cleaving device for a member to be tightened and a socket which can easily adjust the installation position of the tightening tool so as to reduce the burden on an operator.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A tightening device for a member to be tightened disclosed in the present application includes a tightening tool, a moving unit, a support unit, and a socket. The tightening tool applies a rotational force when tightening or loosening the member to be tightened. The moving unit moves the tightening tool along a rotation axis direction of the member to be tightened. The support section supports the tightening tool so as to be movable in a direction intersecting with the rotation axis direction. The socket has a cylindrical fitting portion, a cylindrical enlarged diameter portion, and a plurality of protrusions, is mounted on the tightening tool so as to extend along the rotation axis direction, and is rotated by the rotational force. Is done. The fitting portion extends along the direction of the rotation axis, opens in a distal end direction of the socket so as to pass through the member to be tightened, and can be fitted to the member to be tightened. The enlarged diameter portion extends from the fitting portion toward the distal end, and increases in diameter toward the distal end. The plurality of protruding portions are provided to protrude from the distal end of the enlarged diameter portion in the distal direction at intervals larger than the radial dimension of the member to be tightened.

  Further, in the disentangler disclosed in the present application, the socket has a base, a movable part, and an urging means. The base is connected to the tightening tool. The movable portion includes the fitting portion, the enlarged diameter portion, and the plurality of protrusions, and is connected to the base movably along the rotation axis direction. The urging unit urges the movable portion in the distal direction.

  Further, in the disentangler disclosed in the present application, the plurality of protrusions have a first end surface and a second end surface that are both end surfaces in the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion. The first end surface is an end surface on a positive rotation direction side which is a rotation direction of the socket when the member to be tightened is tightened, and a first outer portion in the radial direction of the enlarged diameter portion is a first surface in the radial direction. It is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be located in the forward rotation direction from the inner side. The second end surface is inclined with respect to the radial direction such that the second outer portion in the radial direction is located in a direction opposite to the forward rotation direction from the second inner portion in the radial direction.

  Further, the socket disclosed in the present application has a cylindrical fitting portion, a cylindrical enlarged diameter portion, and a plurality of protrusions, and a tightening tool for applying a rotational force when tightening or loosening the member to be tightened. Attached to. The fitting portion extends along the direction of the rotation axis, opens in a distal end direction of the socket so as to pass through the member to be tightened, and can be fitted to the member to be tightened. The enlarged diameter portion extends from the fitting portion toward the distal end, and increases in diameter toward the distal end. The plurality of protruding portions are provided to protrude from the distal end of the enlarged diameter portion in the distal direction at intervals larger than the radial dimension of the member to be tightened.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the disengaging machine of the to-be-clamped member which concerns on this invention, a rotating force is given when tightening or loosening a to-be-clamped member by a tightening tool, and a clamping tool of a to-be-clamped member is provided by a moving part. It is moved along the direction of the rotation axis. Further, the fastening tool is supported by the support portion so as to be movable in a direction intersecting with the rotation axis direction. The socket is mounted on the tightening tool and is rotated by a rotational force provided by the tightening tool. Further, the socket has a cylindrical fitting portion that can be fitted to the member to be tightened, a cylindrical enlarged-diameter portion, and a plurality of protrusions. The diameter-expanding portion increases in diameter toward the distal end of the fitting portion. The plurality of protrusions are provided at the distal end of the enlarged diameter portion with an interval larger than the radial dimension of the member to be tightened.

  As described above, when the tightening tool is moved toward the member to be tightened, if the member to be tightened is located inside the front end portion of the enlarged diameter portion, the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion and the tightened member are tightened. The tightening tool is moved in a direction intersecting the rotation axis direction of the member to be tightened so that the member comes into sliding contact with the member to be tightened so that the fitting portion fits into the member to be tightened. In addition, even if not all of the tightened members are located inside the distal end portion of the enlarged diameter portion, if a part of the tightened member is located inside the distal end portion of the enlarged diameter portion, rotation of the socket causes One of the plurality of protrusions abuts the member to be tightened, and presses the member to be tightened in the circumferential direction of the socket. When one of the plurality of protrusions presses the member to be tightened in the circumferential direction, the tightening tool is tightened so that all of the member to be tightened enters the inside of the distal end portion of the enlarged diameter portion by a reaction force. The member is moved in a direction crossing the rotation axis direction of the attachment member.

  As described above, even when there is an obstacle near the member to be tightened, for example, by installing the tightening tool so that the axis of the socket is shifted to the opposite side of the obstacle, the socket does not interfere with the obstacle. In addition, a tightening tool can be installed so that the socket can be fitted to the member to be tightened. Therefore, the installation position of the tightening tool can be easily adjusted so that the socket does not interfere with the obstacle and the socket can be fitted to the member to be tightened, and the burden on the operator can be reduced. .

  In addition, since a plurality of protrusions are formed at the distal end of the enlarged diameter portion, the rotation angle of the enlarged diameter portion is smaller than when only one projection is formed at the distal end of the enlarged diameter portion. The protrusion can be brought into contact with the member to be tightened, and the socket can be fitted to the member to be tightened in a shorter time. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the time required for the work of unraveling the tightened members, and when performing the work of unraveling a large number of tightened members, the length of the shortened work time is increased, and the operator can be more effectively used. The burden can be reduced.

It is a front view which shows the disengaging machine of the to-be-tightened member which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the principal part of the said debinder. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 2. (A) It is a partial sectional view showing the socket concerning the embodiment of the present invention. (B) It is a low side view showing the socket concerned. (A) It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st stage of the operation | movement which fits a socket to a to-be-tightened member. (B) It is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd stage of the operation | movement which fits a socket to a to-be-tightened member. (C) It is explanatory drawing which shows the 3rd step of the operation | movement which fits a socket to a to-be-tightened member. (D) It is explanatory drawing which shows the 4th step of the operation | movement which fits a socket to a to-be-tightened member. (A) It is a partial sectional view showing the socket fitted to the member to be tightened. (B) It is a bottom view which shows the socket fitted with the to-be-tightened member. It is a top view showing the supporter concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view showing a supporter concerning an embodiment of the present invention.

[Basic principle]
Hereinafter, the basic principle of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating a delieverer for a member to be tightened according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a main part of the debinder. FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the socket according to the embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the debinder is mounted on a carrier 10 that can travel along two rails R, and performs a tightening operation or a loosening operation of a member B to be tightened such as a bolt or a nut. The transport vehicle 10 includes a base 11, two wheel units 12, and a lateral displacement prevention mechanism 13 for preventing lateral displacement of each wheel unit 12. The base 11 supports two unit sections 14. The two unit portions 14 each include a main portion of the defender, and are disposed at positions corresponding to the two rails R. Note that, in the debinder, a direction from one rail R to the other rail R, that is, one of the left and right directions of the transport vehicle 10 is defined as an X direction, and one of the traveling direction and the retreat direction of the transport vehicle 10 is defined as a Y direction. , The upward direction is the Z direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the embodiment, the member to be tightened B is a nut for fixing the tie plate 1 to the slab M, and is screwed to a T-bolt BT embedded in the slab M. The rail R is fixed to the slab M by being fixed to the tie plate 1.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the tie plate 1 includes a plate-shaped main body 1a disposed substantially horizontally, and two shoulders 1b protruding from the upper surface of the main body 1a. The two shoulder portions 1b extend linearly along the direction in which the rail R extends. The distance between the two shoulders 1b corresponds to the width of the bottom of the rail R. With the bottom of the rail R sandwiched between the two shoulders 1b, the rail R is fixed to the tie plate 1 by being pressed from above by the two leaf springs 2. The two leaf springs 2 are fixed to the two shoulder portions 1b by bolts and nuts different from the tightened member B of the embodiment. Tightening and loosening of these bolts and nuts can also be performed by the deliever.

  The two unit sections 14 include a tightening tool 20, a socket 30, a moving section 50, a support section 60, and a case 14a. The case 14a has a substantially octagonal rectangular tube shape with an open bottom, and accommodates the tightening tool 20, the moving unit 50, and the support unit 60.

  The tightening tool 20 applies a rotational force when tightening or loosening the member B to be tightened. In the embodiment, the tightening tool 20 is an impact-type tightening tool or a nut runner, and includes an electric motor as a drive source. As shown in FIG. 3, the socket 30 is mounted on the tightening tool 20 so as to extend along the direction of the rotation axis S of the member B to be tightened, and is rotated by a rotational force applied from the tightening tool 20.

  The moving unit 50 moves the tightening tool 20 along the direction of the rotation axis S of the member B to be tightened. In the embodiment, the moving unit 50 has an electric motor as a drive source, and moves the tightening tool 20 up and down by the driving force of the electric motor.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the support portion 60 supports the tightening tool 20 so as to be movable in a direction intersecting the rotation axis S direction of the member B to be tightened. In the embodiment, the support portion 60 supports the tightening tool 20 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the socket 30 has a cylindrical fitting portion 40, a cylindrical large-diameter portion 41, and a plurality of protrusions 42 that can be fitted to the member B to be tightened. The fitting portion 40 extends along the direction of the rotation axis S of the member B to be tightened, and opens in the distal end direction Z1 of the socket 30 so as to pass through the member B to be tightened. In the embodiment, the tip direction Z1 is a downward direction, that is, a direction opposite to the upward direction Z. The peripheral wall of the hollow portion in the fitting portion 40 is formed in a shape that can be fitted to the member B to be tightened. In the embodiment, the peripheral wall of the hollow portion in the fitting portion 40 is formed such that the cross-sectional shape of the hollow portion is a hexagon in which the center of each side is concave inward.

  The enlarged diameter portion 41 extends from the fitting portion 40 in the distal direction Z1 and increases in diameter toward the distal direction Z1. The enlarged diameter portion 41 is coaxial with the fitting portion 40, and is formed integrally with the fitting portion 40 such that the base end portion is continuous with the lower end portion of the fitting portion 40. Further, in the embodiment, the distal end portion 41 a of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is not eccentric with respect to the axis of the fitting portion 40, and has an annular shape coaxial with the fitting portion 40.

  The plurality of protrusions 42 project from the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41 in the distal direction Z1 with an interval L2 larger than the radial dimension L1 of the member B to be tightened. The radial dimension L1 is, for example, the minimum diameter of the tightened member B in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis S of the tightened member B. For example, if the tightened member B is a hexagon nut, the distance between two opposing sides is a dimension L1 in a plan view. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, three protrusions 42 are provided at the tip 41 a. However, the number of protrusions 42 may be two or more, and is two. May also be four or more. In addition, since the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is coaxial with the fitting portion 40, all of the plurality of protrusions 42 are formed at positions equidistant from the axis of the fitting portion 40. Can be.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the socket 30 has a base 31, a movable part 32, and a spring 33. The base 31 is connected to the tightening tool 20. The movable portion 32 includes a fitting portion 40, an enlarged diameter portion 41, and a plurality of protrusions 42, and is connected to the base 31 movably along the rotation axis S direction. The spring 33 urges the movable portion 42 in the distal direction Z1. In the embodiment, the base 31 has an upper portion 31a and a guide shaft 34. The upper portion 31a has a columnar shape, and is connected to the output shaft of the tightening tool 20 at a fitting hole (not shown) formed at the upper end. The guide shaft 34 extends from the lower end of the upper portion 31 a in the distal direction Z <b> 1, and transmits the rotation output of the tightening tool 20 to the movable portion 32.

  The movable section 32 includes a guided section 36. The guided portion 36 has a cylindrical shape, and a fitting portion 40, an enlarged diameter portion 41, and a plurality of protrusions 42 are continuously provided at a lower end portion. The guide shaft 34 can be inserted through the hollow portion of the guided portion 36, and the guided portion 36 is guided by the guide shaft 34 and moves up and down. A plurality of grooves (not shown) are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the guide shaft 34 so as to extend along the axial direction. On the other hand, a plurality of protrusions that engage with a plurality of grooves of the guide shaft 34 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the guided portion 36. The movable portion 32 is connected to the base 31 so that the movable portion 32 cannot rotate with respect to the base 31 and can move along the guide shaft 34 by engaging the plurality of protrusions of the guided portion 36 with the plurality of grooves of the guide shaft 34. Is done. Further, the engagement of the plurality of grooves of the guide shaft 34 and the plurality of projections of the guided portion 36 prevents the movable portion 32 from falling off the guide shaft 34.

  The spring 33 is interposed between the upper portion 31a of the base 31 and the lower portion of the guided portion 36, and urges the movable portion 32 in the distal direction Z1.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, it is preferable that both end surfaces of the protrusion 42 in the circumferential direction are inclined with respect to the radial direction of the enlarged diameter portion 41. That is, the end surface (first end surface) on the side of the forward rotation direction W1, which is the rotation direction of the socket 30 when the tightened member B is tightened, has a radially outer portion 42a (first outer portion) having a radially inner portion. It is preferable to be inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be located in the forward rotation direction W from 42b (first inner portion). The end face (second end face) on the side opposite to the forward rotation direction W1 in the direction W2 is such that the radial outer portion 42c (second outer portion) is in the opposite direction W2 from the radial inner portion 42d (first inner portion). It is preferable to be inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be located.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7, a basic operation of the debinder according to the embodiment will be described. 6 (a) to 6 (d) are explanatory views showing each stage of the operation of fitting the socket 30 to the member B to be tightened. FIG. 7A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a socket fitted to the member to be tightened, and FIG. 7B is a bottom view showing the socket fitted to the member to be tightened.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when a rotational force is applied to the socket 30 by the tightening tool 20, the socket 30 starts rotating in the forward rotation direction W1 or the opposite direction W2. When the socket 30 starts rotating, the tightening tool 20 is moved by the moving unit 50 from the initial position shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4 in the distal direction Z1 (downward). When the tightening tool 20 moves in the distal direction Z1 (downward), as shown in FIG. 5, if the axial center of the fitting portion 40 and the axial center of the member B to be tightened are relatively large, The distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41 or one of the plurality of protrusions 42 contacts the member B to be tightened. Since all of the plurality of protrusions 42 are located at the same distance from the axis of the fitting portion 40, any one of the plurality of protrusions 42 comes into contact with the member B to be tightened. The subsequent operation is the same.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, when one of the plurality of protrusions 42 comes into contact with the member B to be tightened, the socket 30 is rotated in the forward rotation direction W1, for example, as shown in FIG. 6B. As described above, the tightened member B enters between the plurality of protrusions 42. Then, when the socket 30 further rotates, as shown in FIG. 6C, one of the plurality of protrusions 42 presses the member B to be tightened in the forward rotation direction W1, and the member to be tightened is The tightening tool 20 is moved in the horizontal direction so that the member B enters the inside of the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41.

  As shown in FIG. 6C, when the tightened member B enters the inside of the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, the inner peripheral surface 41b of the enlarged diameter portion 41 comes into sliding contact with the tightened member B, As shown in FIG. 6D, the tightening tool 20 is moved in the horizontal direction, and the fitting portion 40 is fitted to the member B to be tightened.

  As described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, according to the cleaving device for the member to be tightened B and the socket 30 according to the embodiment, the socket 30 can be fitted to the member to be tightened B. , A cylindrical fitting portion 40, a cylindrical enlarged diameter portion 41, and a plurality of protrusions 42. The enlarged diameter portion 41 increases in diameter in the distal end direction Z1 of the fitting portion 40, and the plurality of protrusions 42 are spaced apart from each other by a distance larger than the radial dimension L1 of the member B to be tightened. At the distal end portion 41a.

  As described above, when the tightening tool 20 is moved toward the member B to be tightened, if the member B to be tightened is located inside the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, the inside of the enlarged diameter portion 40 is The tightening tool 20 is moved in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the tightened member B so that the peripheral surface and the tightened member B are in sliding contact with each other, and the fitting portion 40 is fitted to the tightened member B. You.

  Further, even if not all of the tightened member B is located inside the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, a part of the tightened member B may be located inside the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41. For example, the rotation of the socket 30 causes one of the plurality of protrusions 42 to abut on the member B to be tightened, and presses the member B onto the socket 30. When one of the plurality of protrusions 42 presses the member B to be fastened in the circumferential direction in the socket, a reaction force causes the entire member B to be fastened to enter the inside of the distal end portion 41 a of the enlarged diameter portion 41. Then, the tightening tool 20 is moved in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the member B to be tightened, and the fitting portion 40 is fitted to the member B to be tightened as shown in FIG.

  As described above, even when there is an obstacle such as the shoulder portion 1b near the member B to be fastened, for example, the fastening tool 20 is installed so that the axis of the socket 30 is shifted on the opposite side of the obstacle. The tightening tool 20 can be installed so that the socket 30 does not interfere with the obstacle and the socket 30 can be fitted to the member B to be tightened. Therefore, the position adjustment when installing the tightening tool is facilitated, and the burden on the operator can be reduced.

  Further, since a plurality of protrusions 42 are formed at the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, compared with the case where only one protrusion 42 is formed at the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, the diameter of the enlarged diameter portion is increased. The protrusion 42 can be brought into contact with the member to be tightened B at a smaller rotation angle of 41, and the socket 30 can be fitted to the member to be tightened B in a shorter time. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the time required to unravel the tightened member B, and when performing the unraveling operation to a large number of tightened members B, the length of the shortened operation time increases, and the work can be performed more effectively. The burden on the person can be reduced.

  In addition, even if one protrusion 42 is formed on the distal end portion 41 a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, if a part of the tightened member B is located inside the distal end portion 41 a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, One protrusion 42 can be brought into contact with the member to be tightened B, and the socket 30 can be fitted to the member to be tightened B. Therefore, for example, in FIG. 5, even if two of the three protrusions 42 are removed and only one protrusion 42 is formed at the distal end 41 a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, even if a plurality of protrusions 42 are formed. Compared with the configuration in which the portion 42 is formed, the effect that the working time can be reduced is not obtained, but the position adjustment when installing the tightening tool is facilitated, and the effect that the burden on the operator can be reduced is obtained. Can do it.

  Further, according to the tightening device for the member to be tightened and the socket 30 according to the embodiment, the socket 30 includes the base 31, the movable portion 32, and the spring 33. The base 31 is connected to the tightening tool 20. The movable portion 32 includes a fitting portion 40, an enlarged diameter portion 41, and a plurality of protrusions 42, and is connected to the base 41 movably along the rotation axis S direction. The spring 33 urges the movable portion 32 in the distal direction Z1. As described above, even if the enlarged diameter portion 41 comes into contact with an obstacle when the tightening tool 20 is moved in the distal direction Z <b> 1 by the moving portion 50, the impact on the socket 30 and the tightening tool 20 is caused by the buffering action of the spring 33. Can be alleviated. Therefore, damage to the socket 30 or the tightening tool 20 can be prevented.

  Further, according to the cleaving device for the member to be tightened and the socket 30 according to the embodiment, each of the plurality of protrusions 42 has both end faces in the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion 41 with respect to the radial direction of the enlarged diameter portion 41. Inclined. That is, the end face on the positive rotation direction W1 side is inclined with respect to the radial direction such that the radially outer portion 42a of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is positioned in the forward rotation direction W1 from the radially inner portion 42b. The end surface on the side of the forward rotation direction W2 is inclined with respect to the radial direction such that the radially outer portion 42c is located in the opposite direction W2 from the radially inner portion 42d.

  As described above, when one of the plurality of protrusions 42 comes into contact with the member B to be tightened by the rotation of the socket 30, the outer peripheral portion 42a or the outer peripheral portion 42c comes into contact with the member B to be tightened. Therefore, when compared with the case where the both end surfaces of the plurality of protrusions 42 are not inclined with respect to the radial direction, the shaft center of the socket 30 and the shaft center of the member B to be tightened correspond to a larger displacement. The tightening tool 20 can be moved in the horizontal direction so that the socket 30 fits into the tightening member B, and the adjustment of the installation position of the tightening tool 20 can be further facilitated.

  Hereinafter, the unit section 14 will be described in more detail. On the upper side of the base 11 of the carrier 10, a unit 14 located above each rail R during traveling, an operation unit 15 for operating the carrier 10, a fastening tool 20 and a driving unit 50 are provided. A control unit 16 for controlling and a power supply unit 17 are provided. The power supply unit 17 drives the control unit 16, the fastening tool 20, the driving unit 50, and the like.

  The tightening tool 20 is connected to a support portion 60 described below in the unit portion 14. Even when the axes of the tightened member B and the tightening tool 20 do not coincide with each other, the support portion 60 is not required. It is configured so that the member to be tightened B can be moved by 60. In response to two fastening tools 20 being installed in one unit section 14, two support sections 60 are installed in one unit section 14.

  Next, the driving unit 50 and the support unit 60 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 and FIGS. The drive unit 50 is connected to the control unit 16 and the power supply unit 17 and enables the tightening tool 20 to move up and down. The drive unit 50 is installed in the support unit 60 that allows the axis of the tightening tool 20 to move when the tightening tool 20 rotates in the unit unit 14. In other words, the support section 60 is configured to be able to move up and down together with the tightening tool 20 by the drive section 50 in the unit section 14. Here, the unit section 14 that houses the fastening tool 20, the driving section 50, the support section 60, and the like will be further described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the unit unit 14 is formed of a substantially octagonal cylindrical body 14 a having a lower opening, and includes an upper support plate 14 b that supports the driving unit 50 in a vertically arranged state, and a lower unit 14. The support plate 14c is provided on the upper side and the lower side. Further, a plurality of guide portions 14d are vertically installed between the upper support plate 14b and the lower support plate 14c, and an end of the base portion 61 in the support portion 60 including a plurality of movable tables and the like. The guide portion 14d is installed at the bottom. The lower end of the drive unit 50 is connected to a substantially central portion of the base 61. Thereby, the support part 60 can be moved up and down via the base part 61 connected to the drive part 50.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the support section 60 mainly includes a first movable table 62 movably fixed to a base section 61 connected to the drive section 50, and a first movable table 62. And a second movable table 63 movably fixed in different directions. Specifically, the base portion 61 and the first movable table 62 are provided with a front-rear direction moving means for moving the tightening tool 20 in the front-rear direction (Y direction) with respect to the base portion 61. Further, the first movable table 62 and the second movable table 63 are provided with a left-right moving means for moving the tightening tool 20 in the left-right direction (X direction) with respect to the base portion 61. Thereby, the tightening tool 20 can be moved in the front-back, left-right direction with respect to the base portion 61.

  More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the base portion 61 extends in the front-rear direction and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and both front and rear end portions are slidably connected to the guide portion 14d. , A substantially central portion is connected to the drive unit 50. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a first movable table 62 is provided at lower left and right end portions of the base portion 61 via front-rear direction moving means. The front-rear direction moving means includes, for example, a first rail 64 provided along the front-rear direction (Y direction) of the base portion 61 and a first block 65 slidable on the first rail 64. However, the present invention is not limited to this as long as the first movable table 62 can move directly in the front-rear direction (Y direction) with respect to the base portion 61.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the first movable table 62 is formed in a substantially L shape so as to secure a space for disposing the tightening tool 20. Specifically, the first movable table 62 is orthogonal to a base end 66 connected to the first block 65 of the front-rear direction moving means below the base 61 and from one end of the base end 66. An extension 67 is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a second movable table 63 is installed below the extension 67 of the first movable table 62 via left-right moving means. The left-right moving means includes, for example, a second rail 68 provided along the left-right direction (X direction) of the extending portion 67 and a second block 69 slidable on the second rail 68. However, the present invention is not limited to this as long as the second movable table 63 can move directly in the left-right direction (X direction) with respect to the first movable table 62.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the second movable table 63 is formed in a substantially square shape with a space for disposing the tightening tool 20 at a substantially central portion. Specifically, one end of the second movable table 63 is connected to the second block 69 of the left-right moving means below the extension 67 of the first movable table 62, and the other end is extended. It is connected to a later-described table support portion 70 provided to project in the same direction as the installation portion 67.

  The support portion 60 thus configured is installed symmetrically via the base portion 61 as shown in FIG. Further, the second movable table located between the extending portion 67 of the first movable table 62 disposed on the front side and the table support portion 70 disposed below the first movable table 62 on the rear side. Since the tightening tool 20 can be provided on the 63, space can be saved.

  Further, when the tightening tool 20 is moved by the front-rear direction moving means and the left-right direction moving means, the support portions 60 return the axis of the tightening tool 20 after the movement to the original position before the movement. A return means.

  When the tightening tool 20 moves in the front-rear direction (Y direction), the home position return means includes a front-rear direction home position return means 71 for returning the axis of the moved tightening tool 20 to a position before the movement. When the attached tool 20 moves in the left-right direction (X direction), the tool includes a left-right direction home position return means 72 for returning the axis of the tightening tool 20 after the movement to the position before the movement.

  The forward / rearward origin return means 71 accumulates an urging force corresponding to the movement of the first movable table 62 with respect to the base portion 61 and, after the first movable table 62 moves, the urging force. Acts to return the first movable table 62 to the position before the movement.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the base portion 61 and the first movable table 62 are connected by a connecting portion 73 slidable with respect to the base portion 61, and the front and rear direction of the connecting portion 73. A connection shaft 76 is provided between the front end 74 and the rear end 75 provided in the (Y direction) to insert the connection 73. An elastic member, such as a spring, is provided between the front end 74, the rear end 75, and the connecting portion 73 along the connecting shaft 76, and serves as a front-return biasing unit 77. The spring is pressed and contracted in accordance with the movement of the spring 73 so that the urging force can be accumulated. Thus, after the first movable table 62 moves in the front-rear direction, the biasing force acts to expand the spring and press the coupling portion 73, whereby the first movable table 62 cooperates with the coupling portion 73, It can return to the position before the movement.

  The left-right origin return means 72 accumulates the urging force corresponding to the movement of the second movable table 63 with the movement of the second movable table 63 with respect to the first movable table 62. The urging force acts to return the second movable table 63 to the position before the movement.

  Specifically, as shown in the figure, the front or rear side of the second movable table 63 on the side to which the table support 70 is connected is configured to hold the side from above and below. A pitch adjusting unit 78 is slidably provided. Further, the pitch adjusting section 78 is provided with a gripping section 79 so as to be able to advance and retreat in an outward direction, and the gripping section 79 is engaged with a concave section 80 formed on a side surface section of the second movable table 63. Thus, the pitch adjusting section 78 is fixed to the second movable table 63.

  Further, an arm portion 81 which is formed to be bent toward the upper end surface side of the pitch adjusting portion 78 is provided at the base end portion 66 of the first movable table 62. Then, the arm portion 81 and the pitch adjusting portion 78 are connected to each other by an elastic member such as a spring serving as the left / right return biasing means 82, and in response to the movement of the second movable table 63 to which the pitch adjusting portion 78 is fixed, The configuration is such that the biasing force can be accumulated by the extension of the spring. Thus, after the movement of the second movable table 63 in the left-right direction, the biasing force acts and the spring contracts, so that the second movable table 63 cooperates with the pitch adjustment unit 78 to move to the position before the movement. And can return.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the pitch adjusting section 78 is provided in a cutout 83 provided in the table supporting section 70. The notch portion 83 is provided for abutting on both ends of the notch portion 83 by the movement of the pitch adjusting portion 78 with the movement of the second movable table 63, thereby restricting the movement of the second movable table 63. Can be Further, a plurality of recesses 80 are formed on the side surface of the second movable table 63, and the installation position of the pitch adjustment unit 78 can be changed by changing the engagement position of the grip 79 with the recess 80. It is configured to be able to. Thereby, the position of the second movable table 63 with respect to the base 61 in the left-right direction (X direction) can be adjusted in advance.

  In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the front-rear direction origin return means 71 and the left-right direction origin return means 72 are installed on one of the tightening tools 20 in the unit section 14. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is a matter of course that each of the tightening tools 20 can be installed. Further, only one of the front-rear direction return means 71 and the left-right direction return means 72 can be provided for the tightening tool 20.

  Thus, the support portion 60 of the unit portion 14 and the origin return means are configured, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the engaging portion (not shown) of the tightening tool 20 is disposed below. In this state, the tightening tool 20 is inserted and installed in a through hole (not shown) of the second movable table 63, and the socket 30 is connected to the engaging portion.

  The tightened member disengaging machine configured in this manner is a work information input device (not shown) for inputting information on a tightening operation or a loosening operation of the tightened member B at a predetermined position for fixing the rail R. Is provided in the control unit 16. The control unit 16 is configured to output drive control information to each of the tightening tool 20 and the drive unit 50 and to input work information from an operation panel (not shown) or the like.

  Next, the tightening operation of the member B to be tightened using the member to be tightened will be further described with reference to FIGS. First, the operator moves the transport vehicle 10 on the rail R to a predetermined position of the member B to be tightened.

  The initial position of the tightening tool 20 is adjusted so that the axis of the member B to be tightened and the axis of the tightening tool 20 substantially match in the vertical direction (Z direction) of the transport vehicle 10. Will be When drive control information is output from the control unit 16 in a state where the axis of the member B to be tightened and the axis of the tightening tool 20 are substantially aligned, the socket 30 rotates together with the tightening tool 20, and Both start to descend by the part 50. At this time, the plurality of tightening tools 20 can be simultaneously lowered by the control unit 16, or only the reference tightening tool 20 can be lowered.

  When the socket 30 is lowered while rotating, the tip portion 41a or one of the plurality of protrusions 42 comes into contact with the member B to be tightened, and as shown in FIG. The fastening member B is fitted.

  When the axial center of the member B to be fastened between the plurality of projections 42 is located inside the distal end portion 41a, the socket is connected as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (c). With the rotation of 30, the tightening tool 20 moves so that the entire member to be tightened B enters the inside of the distal end portion 41a1. Then, in a state in which the entirety of the member to be tightened B is inside the distal end portion 41a, the tightening tool 20 is further lowered by the driving unit 50. When the clamping tool 20 is further pressed downward at 41b, the urging force of the spring 33 is accumulated. At this time, in the socket 30, the socket 30 can of course be rotated after the socket distal end portion 32 is brought into contact with the member B to be tightened.

  When the member B to be tightened is pressed downward by the inner peripheral surface 41b, the axial center of the tightening tool 20 moves by the front-rear direction moving unit and the left-right moving unit connected to the tightening tool 20 acting. The axis of the socket tip 32 moves in conjunction with it.

  Then, when the axis of the socket distal end portion 32 moves to a predetermined position, as shown in FIG. 6D, the outer shape of the member to be tightened B matches the fitting portion 40, and the member to be tightened B Is aligned with the axis of the tightening tool 20.

  In a state where the axis of the tightened member B and the axis of the tightening tool 20 match, the tightening tool 20 is further lowered by the driving unit 50, but the tightened member B and the fitting section When the fitting is performed, the contact state between the inner peripheral surface 41b of the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the tightened member B is temporarily released. As a result, the accumulated urging force acts to move the socket distal end portion 32 downward, so that the to-be-clamped member B and the upper end of the fitting portion 40 come into contact with each other, as shown in FIG. The fitting state between the member B and the fitting portion 40 is maintained.

  Then, in the fitted state, the tightening tool 20 is further lowered by rotating the tightening tool 20 by the driving unit 50, whereby the tightened member B is tightened. Then, when the tightening tool 20 detects a predetermined torque or detects a predetermined descending time of the tightening tool 20 by the driving unit 50, the tightening operation of the member B to be tightened is completed.

  That is, by providing the plurality of protrusions 42 at the distal end portion 41a of the enlarged diameter portion 41, the entirety of the member to be tightened B does not necessarily need to be accommodated in the enlarged diameter portion 41, and the axial center of the member to be tightened B is If the socket 30 is located inside the edge of the concave portion 42, the socket 30 moves to the position of the member B to be tightened with the rotation, so that the tightening operation or the loosening operation can be easily performed.

  After the tightening operation is completed, the tightening tool 20 is moved upward by the drive unit 50, and the forward / backward origin return means 71 and the left / right origin return are performed according to the amount of movement of the forward / backward movement means and the left / right movement means. The means 72 operates to return the axis of the tightening tool 20 to the original position before the movement.

  On the other hand, the work of loosening the tightened member B is substantially the same as the work of tightening the tightened member B, except that the rotation direction of the tightening tool 20 and the movement of the tightening tool 20 by the driving unit 50 are different. Therefore, the description is omitted.

  As described above, according to the tightened member debinder according to the present invention, the socket 30 having the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the fitting portion 40, and the support portion 60 that enables the axial center of the tightening tool 20 to move. Therefore, even when the axis of the member to be tightened B does not match the axis of the tightening tool 20 due to the arrangement interval of the member to be tightened B or the like, the tightening of the socket 30 with the rotation of the By moving to the position of the member B, the axes of the two can be matched to each other, so that the tightening operation or the loosening operation can be easily performed. As a result, the burden on the worker can be reduced, and as a result, the number of workers can be reduced and the capital investment can be reduced.

  In the above-described embodiment, the structure of the transport vehicle 10, the socket 30, the support portion 60, and the like can be appropriately changed to be implemented. For example, in the transport vehicle 10, the worker travels on the rail R to the position of the predetermined member B to be tightened. A configuration may be adopted in which a detection device or the like for detecting the position of the attachment member B is installed, and the carrier 10 travels to the position of the member B to be fastened.

  Further, the socket 30 has the spring 33, but the lowering state of the tightening tool 20 is controlled by the control unit 16 so that the socket 33 may not be provided. Specifically, the tightening tool 20 is lowered until the socket 30 comes into contact with the member B to be tightened, and after the abutment, the lowering tool 20 is controlled so as to stop the lowering. Then, the tightening tool 20 is controlled to descend again in a state where the tightened member B is substantially fitted. In this way, the tightening tool 20 can be lowered in a stepwise manner to perform the tightening operation or the loosening operation of the member B to be tightened.

  Further, in the support portion 60, the fastening tool 20 is not limited to the one that moves in the front-rear direction (Y direction) and the left-right direction (X direction) with respect to the base portion 61, and may be any direction including an oblique direction. Of course, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which a joint or the like is installed on the base portion 61 so that the axis can be moved. In this case, the tightening tool 20 is installed on the second movable table 63, but it is needless to say that the fastening tool 20 can be installed on the first movable table 62 without being limited to this.

  Further, although the tightened member disentangler uses the transport vehicle 10 to travel on the rail R, a configuration in which the transport vehicle 10 is not provided may be employed. Specifically, it is only necessary to include at least the tightening tool 20 having the socket 30, the driving unit 50, and the support unit 60. Accordingly, in an automobile factory or the like, a tightening operation or a loosening operation can be performed on the member B to be tightened such as a tire conveyed on a line. In such a case, it is needless to say that the movable direction of the tightening tool 20 can be moved up and down or left and right.

  In addition, it is needless to say that a part of the configuration can be omitted or a part of the configuration can be extracted.

Reference Signs List 20 Tightening tool 30 Socket 31 Base 32 Moving part 33 Spring 40 Fitting part 41 Large diameter part 41a Tip part 42 Projection 50 Moving part 60 Supporting part B Fastened member Z1 Tip direction

Claims (4)

A tightening tool that applies a rotational force when tightening or loosening a member to be tightened,
A moving unit that moves the tightening tool along a rotation axis direction of the tightened member;
A support portion that supports the tightening tool so as to be movable in a direction intersecting with the rotation axis direction,
A socket attached to the tightening tool so as to extend along the rotation axis direction, and a socket rotated by the rotational force;
The socket is
A cylindrical fitting portion that extends along the rotation axis direction, opens in a distal direction of the socket so as to pass through the tightened member, and is fittable to the tightened member;
A cylindrical enlarged-diameter portion extending from the fitting portion in the distal direction and increasing in diameter toward the distal direction, and a space larger than a radial dimension of the tightened member. And a plurality of protrusions projecting from the front end of the enlarged diameter portion in the front end direction. The socket is
A base connected to the tightening tool;
A movable portion including the fitting portion, the enlarged diameter portion and the plurality of protrusions, the movable portion being coupled to the base portion so as to be movable along the rotation axis direction;
The disengaging device for a member to be tightened according to claim 1, further comprising an urging means for urging the movable portion in the distal direction. The plurality of protrusions each have a first end surface and a second end surface that are both end surfaces in the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion,
The first end surface is an end surface on a positive rotation direction side which is a rotation direction of the socket when the member to be tightened is tightened, and a first outer portion in the radial direction of the enlarged diameter portion is a first surface in the radial direction. It is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be located in the forward rotation direction from the inner side,
The said 2nd end surface is inclined with respect to the said radial direction so that the said 2nd outer part of the said radial direction may be located in the direction opposite to the said forward rotation direction from the 2nd inner part of the said radial direction. 3. A delieverer for a member to be tightened according to claim 1. A socket attached to a tightening tool that applies a rotational force when tightening or loosening a member to be tightened,
A cylinder that is disposed so as to extend along the direction of the rotation axis of the member to be tightened, opens in the distal end direction of the socket so as to pass through the member to be tightened, and can be fitted to the member to be tightened; Shaped fitting part,
A cylindrical enlarged portion extending from the fitting portion in the distal direction and increasing in diameter toward the distal direction,
A socket having a plurality of protrusions projecting from the front end of the enlarged diameter portion in the front end direction at intervals larger than the radial dimension of the tightened member.

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