JP2020005440A - Driving motor and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a driving motor that can change the relative position between a rotor and a stator in the rotation axis direction of the rotor and can reduce manufacturing cost, and an electric vehicle including the driving motor.SOLUTION: A driving motor according to the present invention that generates driving force to rotate wheels of an electric vehicle includes a rotor that rotates about a rotation axis, a stator, and a moving device that moves an outer peripheral side component, which is one of the rotor and the stator, disposed on the outer peripheral side in the rotation axis direction, and the moving device includes an inertial force acting portion in which at least a part of the member rotates together with the rotor and an inertial force acts by the rotation, and the outer peripheral side component moves in the rotation axis direction by the inertial force.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a driving motor for generating a driving force for rotating wheels of an electric vehicle, and an electric vehicle including the driving motor.

  In recent years, an electric vehicle provided with an electric motor as a driving source for rotating wheels has been proposed. Various proposals have been made for a driving motor for generating a driving force for rotating wheels of an electric vehicle in order to reduce a back electromotive force generated when a rotor rotates at a high speed. For example, in the drive motor described in Patent Document 1, the relative position between the rotor and the stator can be changed by moving the stator in the rotation axis direction of the rotor, and the facing area between the magnet of the rotor and the coil of the stator can be reduced. It has a configuration that can be changed. By configuring the driving motor in this way, the back electromotive force can be reduced by reducing the facing area between the magnet of the rotor and the coil of the stator when rotating the rotor at high speed.

JP-A-2002-300760

  The driving motor described in Patent Literature 1 requires an actuator that moves the stator in the rotation axis direction of the rotor. An actuator is a drive device using a hydraulic or electric motor. For this reason, the drive motor described in Patent Literature 1 requires a dedicated actuator for moving the stator in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor, and has a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a drive motor that can change a relative position between a rotor and a stator in a rotation axis direction of the rotor and can suppress a manufacturing cost. An object is to obtain an electric vehicle including an electric motor.

  A driving motor according to the present invention is a driving motor that generates a driving force for rotating wheels of an electric vehicle, and includes a rotor that rotates around a rotating shaft, a stator, and an outer periphery among the rotor and the stator. A moving device for moving the outer peripheral side component disposed on the side in the rotation axis direction, at least a part of the moving device rotates together with the rotor, and an inertial force acts by the rotation. The outer peripheral side component is configured to move in the rotation axis direction by the inertial force.

  Further, an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes the driving electric motor according to the present invention, and wheels that are rotated by the driving force of the driving electric motor.

  The drive motor according to the present invention changes the relative position between the rotor and the stator in the rotation axis direction of the rotor by using inertial force generated by rotation of the rotor. Therefore, the drive motor according to the present invention does not require a dedicated actuator for moving the rotor or the stator in the rotation axis direction of the rotor. Therefore, the driving motor according to the present invention can change the relative position between the rotor and the stator in the rotation axis direction of the rotor, and can suppress an increase in manufacturing cost.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an electric motorcycle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a rear wheel of the electric motorcycle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a rear wheel of the electric motorcycle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a second member and a moving body of the moving device for the driving motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention when observed from the Z direction illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a second member and a moving body of a moving device in another example of the driving motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an electric motorcycle according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a driving motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a driving motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate.

  In the following, a case where the present invention is applied to an electric motorcycle will be described. However, the present invention may be applied to an electric vehicle other than the electric motorcycle (for example, an electric three-wheeled vehicle, an electric four-wheeled vehicle, etc.). In addition, the electric vehicle includes an electric bicycle. An electric bicycle is a vehicle that includes a drive motor that drives wheels and that can be propelled on the road by a pedaling force applied to a pedal.

  The configuration, operation, and the like described below are examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, operation, and the like.

  In addition, in each of the drawings, the same or corresponding members or portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, or the reference numerals are omitted. In addition, in each of the drawings, illustration of a detailed portion is appropriately simplified or omitted. In addition, in the following drawings, when a configuration hidden by another configuration is indicated, it is indicated by using a dashed leader line.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
<Structure of electric motorcycle>
An electric motorcycle 200 according to Embodiment 1 will be described.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electric motorcycle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The electric motorcycle 200 includes a vehicle body 201, a front wheel 210 rotatably connected to the vehicle body 201 via a front fork 202, and a rear wheel 220 rotatably connected to the vehicle body 201 via a swing arm 203. .

  Further, the electric motorcycle 200 generates a driving force for rotating the accelerator lever 204 attached to the vehicle body 201, the control device 230 incorporated in the vehicle body 201, the battery 240 incorporated in the vehicle body 201, and the rear wheel 220. A driving motor 1.

  The control device 230 may be configured to include, for example, a microcomputer, a microprocessor unit, and the like, may be configured to include an updatable device such as firmware, and may be configured to be executed by a command from a CPU or the like. May be configured to include a program module or the like. The control device 230 controls the rotation speed of the driving motor 1 by supplying a current corresponding to the accelerator opening input from the driver via the accelerator lever 204 from the battery 240 to the driving motor 1. ing.

<Configuration of drive motor>
Next, the configuration of the driving motor 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.

  2 and 3 are cross-sectional views illustrating a schematic configuration of a rear wheel of the electric motorcycle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a view of the second member and the moving body of the moving device for the driving electric motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention when viewed from the Z direction shown in FIG. 2 and 3 are drawings in which the rear wheel 220 is cut along an imaginary plane that passes through the rotation axis 11 of the rotor 10 and is parallel to the rotation axis 11. Here, FIG. 3 shows a state where the rotor 10 moves in the direction of the rotation axis 11 from the state of FIG. 2 and the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 is smaller than the state of FIG. Is shown. Note that the direction of the rotation shaft 11 of the rotor 10 is a direction in which the rotation shaft 11 extends, and in FIGS. Further, the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 is an area in a range where the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 face each other.

  The drive motor 1 includes a stator 20 and a rotor 10 that rotates with respect to the stator 20 about a rotation shaft 11. In the first embodiment, the driving motor 1 includes the shaft 30 that is arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft 11. The shaft 30 is fixed to the swing arm 203. The rim 222 of the rear wheel 220 is rotatably attached to the shaft 30. In the first embodiment, the rim 222 is rotatably attached to the shaft 30 via a radial bearing 41 and a radial bearing 42 provided on the shaft 30. A tire 221 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rim 222. The driving motor 1 is housed in the rim 222.

  The rotor 10 has, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape with one end closed. The rotor 10 is attached to the shaft 30 so as to be movable in the direction of the rotating shaft 11 and rotatable about the rotating shaft 11. In the first embodiment, the rotor 10 is attached to the shaft 30 via the rotary spline bearing 43. The rotary spline bearing 43 is, for example, a composite bearing in which a radial bearing and a spline bearing are combined.

  Further, the rotor 10 is connected to the rim 222 so as not to rotate with respect to the rim 222 but to be movable in the direction of the rotation axis 11 with respect to the rim 222. In the first embodiment, the rotor 10 is connected to the rim 222 via the slide rail 44. That is, the rotor 10 is connected to the tire 221 via the slide rail 44 and the rim 222. Therefore, when the driving motor 1 is driven, the rim 222 and the tire 221 rotate together with the rotor 10. Further, the rotor 10 has a plurality of magnets 12 arranged on the inner peripheral surface in a ring shape along the circumferential direction of the rear wheel 220.

  Stator 20 is connected to shaft 30. In other words, the stator 20 is fixed to the shaft 30. The stator 20 has a plurality of coils 21 arranged on the outer peripheral surface in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the rear wheel 220. The plurality of coils 21 are arranged on the inner peripheral side of the plurality of magnets 12 arranged in a ring shape, and face the plurality of magnets 12. That is, the driving motor 1 is an outer rotor type motor in which the rotor 10 is provided outside the stator 20.

  Further, as described above, the rotor 10 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the tire 221 of the rear wheel 220 and is connected to the tire 221. Then, the rotor 10 and the tire 221 rotate together. That is, the drive motor 1 is an in-wheel motor. In the following, one of the rotor 10 and the stator 20 that is arranged on the outer peripheral side may be referred to as an outer peripheral component 2 in some cases. That is, in the first embodiment, the rotor 10 is the outer peripheral component 2.

  Here, the driving motor 1 according to the first embodiment includes a moving device 100 as a mechanism for moving the rotor 10 as the outer peripheral part 2 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11. The moving device 100 includes an inertial force acting section 110 and a spring 101.

  At least a part of the inertial force acting portion 110 rotates together with the rotor 10, and an inertial force acts by the rotation. More specifically, the inertial force acting section 110 includes a first member 111, a second member 112, and a moving body 113. The first member 111 has a substantially disk shape, and the shaft 30 penetrates the center. The first member 111 is connected to the rotary spline bearing 43. That is, the first member 111 is connected to the rotor 10 via the rotary spline bearing 43. Therefore, the first member 111 rotates together with the rotor 10. The first member 111 moves in the direction of the rotation shaft 11 together with the rotor 10. Note that the first member 111 may be directly connected to the rotor 10.

  The second member 112 has a substantially disk shape, and the shaft 30 penetrates the center. Further, the second member 112 is arranged to face the first member 111 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11. In the first embodiment, the second member 112 is disposed on the side opposite to the rotor 10 with respect to the first member 111. The second member 112 is connected to the radial bearing 41. In other words, the second member 112 is connected to the rim 222 via the radial bearing 41. Therefore, the second member 112 rotates together with the rim 222 and the rotor 10. Note that the second member 112 and the rim 222 may be directly connected.

  The moving body 113 is disposed between the first member 111 and the second member 112. The moving body 113 is a cylindrical roller. As shown in FIG. 4, the second member 112 is provided with a side wall 112c at a position facing both ends in the central axis direction of the moving body 113 which is a cylindrical roller. Thus, a groove 112b extending in the radial direction from the center of the second member 112 is formed in the second member 112 between the side walls 112c. The moving body 113 is disposed in the groove 112b so as to rotate and move in the radial direction. That is, an accommodation space for the moving body 113 is formed between the side walls 112c. Therefore, when the second member 112 rotates together with the rotor 10, the moving body 113 is pushed by the side wall 112c forming the groove 112b, and rotates with the second member 112. Then, the moving body 113 moves to the outer peripheral side of the second member 112 by the inertial force acting on the moving body 113 during the rotation. As described above, the shaft 30 arranged coaxially with the rotation shaft 11 penetrates the center of the second member 112. Therefore, the moving body 113 moves in a direction away from the rotating shaft 11 by the inertial force acting on the moving body 113 during rotation.

  Although the number of the grooves 112b and the number of the moving bodies 113 are arbitrary, in the first embodiment, the plurality of grooves 112b are formed in the second member 112, and the moving bodies 113 are arranged in each of the grooves 112b. These grooves 112b are arranged at equal angular intervals. When each moving body 113 rotates and an inertial force acts on each moving body 113, the inertial force is supported by the radial bearing 41 and the radial bearing 42 via the shaft 30. At this time, by disposing the plurality of second members 112 on which the moving bodies 113 are arranged at equal angular intervals, it is possible to suppress the imbalance of the radial load applied to the shaft 30 when each moving body 113 rotates. When each moving body 113 rotates, the load applied to the radial bearing 41, the radial bearing 42, and the like can be reduced. That is, for example, the effect of suppressing damage to the radial bearing 41 and the radial bearing 42 can be obtained. Alternatively, the radial bearing 41 and the radial bearing 42 and the like can be reduced in size and weight, and the effect that the drive motor 1 can be reduced in size and weight can be obtained.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the groove 112b which is the accommodation space of the moving body 113 is formed in the second member 112, but the member in which the accommodation space of the moving body 113 is formed is not limited to the second member 112. Of the first member 111 and the second member 112, the member that rotates together with the rotor 10 may form the accommodation space for the moving body 113.

  The spring 101 applies a force to the outer peripheral part 2 in a direction in which the first member 111 and the second member 112 approach each other. As described above, in the first embodiment, the rotor 10 is the outer peripheral component 2. Thus, in the first embodiment, the spring 101 applies a force to the rotor 10 in a direction in which the first member 111 and the second member 112 approach. More specifically, in the first embodiment, a tension spring is used as the spring 101. One end of the spring 101 is connected to the rotor 10. The other end of the spring 101 is connected to a side surface of the rim 222 that is closer to the inertial force acting portion 110 with respect to the rotor 10. Accordingly, the rotor 10 is pulled by the spring 101 in a direction in which the first member 111 and the second member 112 approach. Note that the spring 101 is not limited to a tension spring. For example, various springs can be used as the spring 101 if a force can be applied to the stator 20 in a direction in which the first member 111 and the second member 112 approach each other, such as a disc spring or a compression spring.

  When the rotor 10 is pulled by the spring 101, the rotor 10 and the first member 111 connected to the rotor 10 try to approach the second member 112 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, when the moving body 113 is sandwiched between the first member 111 and the second member 112 in a state where the rotor 10 is not rotating, the rotating shaft 11 of the rotor 10 is rotated. Movement in the direction stops. The position of the rotor 10 shown in FIG. 2 is a state where the first member 111 and the second member 112 are closest to each other, and a state where the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 is the largest. . Note that a stopper (not shown) may be provided so that the first member 111 and the second member 112 do not come further closer from this state. In the case where such a stopper is provided, the moving body 113 does not have to be sandwiched between the first member 111 and the second member 112 in the state shown in FIG.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the first member 111 has an inclined portion 111 a that approaches the second member 112 as the distance from the rotation shaft 11 increases. In addition, the second member 112 includes an inclined portion 112a that approaches the first member 111 as the distance from the rotation shaft 11 increases. For this reason, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, when the moving body 113 is sandwiched between the first member 111 and the second member 112, as the moving body 113 moves away from the rotation shaft 11, Then, the first member 111 and the second member 112 are separated. That is, as the moving body 113 moves away from the rotating shaft 11, the position of the rotor 10 connected to the first member 111 shifts from the state of FIG. 2 in the direction of the rotating shaft 11, and the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 move. And the area facing the surface becomes smaller.

  Therefore, when the rotor 10 rotates, the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 changes as follows. Specifically, when the moving body 113 rotates together with the rotor 10, the moving body 113 tends to move in a direction away from the rotation shaft 11 due to an inertial force. That is, the moving body 113 pushes and expands the space between the first member 111 and the second member 112, and moves the first member 111 and the rotor 10 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11 and the direction in which the spring 101 is extended. . At this time, when the moving body 113 pushes the first member 111 and the rotor 10 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11 (the direction from left to right in FIGS. 2 and 3), the spring 101 rotates the first member 111 and the rotor 10. At a position where the pulling force in the direction of the shaft 11 (the direction from right to left in FIGS. 2 and 3) is balanced, the first member 111 and the rotor 10 stop.

  That is, as the rotation speed of the rotor 10 and the moving body 113 increases, the inertial force acting on the moving body 113 increases. For this reason, as the rotation speeds of the rotor 10 and the moving body 113 increase, the force by which the moving body 113 pushes the space between the first member 111 and the second member 112 increases. Therefore, as the rotation speed of the rotor 10 and the moving body 113 increases, the amount of displacement of the rotor 10 from the state of FIG. 2 in the direction of the rotation axis 11 increases, and the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 increases. Becomes smaller.

<Operation of drive motor>
Next, the operation of the driving motor 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.
When the driver operates the accelerator lever 204, the control device 230 supplies a current corresponding to the accelerator opening from the battery 240 to the drive motor 1. Thereby, the rotor 10 of the driving motor 1 rotates.

  When the rotor 10 rotates, the first member 111, the second member 112, and the moving body 113 rotate together with the rotor 10. As a result, an inertial force acts on the moving body 113, and the moving body 113 spreads between the first member 111 and the second member 112 due to the inertial force, and attempts to move in a direction away from the rotation shaft 11. When the moving body 113 pushes the first member 111 and the rotor 10 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11 (the direction from left to right in FIGS. 2 and 3), the spring 101 pushes the first member 111 and the rotor 10 to the rotation shaft. The first member 111 and the rotor 10 stop at a position where the pulling force in the eleven directions (the direction from right to left in FIGS. 2 and 3) is balanced. At this time, the inertia force acting on the moving body 113 increases as the rotation speeds of the rotor 10 and the moving body 113 increase. For this reason, as the rotation speed of the rotor 10 and the moving body 113 increases, the amount of displacement of the rotor 10 from the state of FIG. The area becomes smaller.

<Effect>
The driving motor 1 according to the first embodiment includes a rotor 10 that rotates around a rotation shaft 11, a stator 20, and a moving device 100 that moves the rotor 10 that is the outer peripheral part 2 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11, It has. The moving device 100 includes an inertial force acting section 110 in which at least a part of the member rotates together with the rotor 10 and an inertial force acts by the rotation. Then, the rotor 10, which is the outer peripheral side component 2, moves in the direction of the rotating shaft 11 due to the inertial force acting on the inertial force acting portion 110.

  The driving motor 1 according to the first embodiment changes the relative position between the rotor 10 and the stator 20 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11 using the inertial force generated by the rotation of the rotor 10. For this reason, the driving motor 1 according to the first embodiment does not require a dedicated actuator for moving the rotor 10 or the stator 20 in the direction of the rotating shaft 11. Therefore, the drive motor 1 according to the first embodiment can change the relative position between the rotor 10 and the stator 20 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11 and can suppress the manufacturing cost.

  In addition, the driving motor 1 according to the first embodiment does not require a dedicated actuator for moving the rotor 10 or the stator 20 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11, so that the driving motor 1 can be downsized. can get. By reducing the size, it becomes easy to arrange the driving motor 1 on the inner peripheral side of the tire 221. Further, it becomes easy to dispose the driving motor 1 in an electric vehicle having a small body.

<Modification>
The moving body 113 may be other than a cylindrical roller as long as the moving body 113 can move in a direction away from the rotating shaft 11 by an inertial force acting on the moving body 113 during rotation. For example, a sphere can be used as the moving body 113. Further, for example, oil may be used as the moving body 113 as long as the airtightness between the first member 111 and the second member 112 is maintained. At this time, the following effects can be obtained by using a sphere as the moving body 113.

  When the moving body 113 is a cylindrical roller, the cylindrical roller moves relative to the first member 111 and the second member 112 in a direction away from the rotating shaft 11 and in a direction approaching the rotating shaft 11, The surfaces of the first member 111 and the second member 112 can be rolled. On the other hand, when the cylindrical roller moves relative to the first member 111 and the second member 112 in the direction of rotation about the rotation shaft 11, the surfaces of the first member 111 and the second member 112 It will slide. For this reason, when the cylindrical roller moves relatively to the first member 111 and the second member 112 in the direction of rotation about the rotation shaft 11, the gap between the cylindrical roller and the second member 112 The frictional resistance is the resistance when the rotor 10 rotates. For this reason, when the cylindrical roller moves relative to the second member 112 in the direction of rotation about the rotation shaft 11, the efficiency of the driving electric motor 1 decreases.

  Therefore, the driving motor 1 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 has a configuration in which the cylindrical roller does not move relative to the first member 111 and the second member 112 in the direction of rotation about the rotation shaft 11. In addition, the frictional resistance between the cylindrical roller and the first member 111 and the second member 112 is suppressed, and the reduction in the efficiency of the driving motor 1 is suppressed. More specifically, the first member 111 and the second member 112 can rotate together with the rotor 10. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the interval between the side walls 112c forming the groove 112b, that is, the width of the groove 112b is slightly larger than the length of the cylindrical roller in the central axis direction. That is, the movement of the cylindrical roller in the groove 112b in the direction of rotation about the rotation shaft 11 was suppressed. Accordingly, the cylindrical roller does not move relative to the first member 111 and the second member 112 in the direction of rotation about the rotation shaft 11.

  On the other hand, when the sphere moves relative to the first member 111 and the second member 112 in the direction of rotation about the rotation axis 11, the surfaces of the first member 111 and the second member 112 Can roll. Therefore, when the sphere moves relative to the first member 111 and the second member 112 in the direction of rotation about the rotation axis 11, friction between the sphere and the first member 111 and the second member 112 Resistance is small. For this reason, even if the sphere moves relative to the first member 111 and the second member 112 in the direction of rotation about the rotation shaft 11, the efficiency of the driving motor 1 is not significantly reduced. Therefore, when a sphere is used as the moving body 113, the second member 112 does not need to rotate with the rotor 10.

  Therefore, when a sphere is used as the moving body 113, for example, the second member 112 may be attached to the shaft 30 so that the second member 112 does not rotate. As described above, in this case, the side wall 112c is formed on a member such as the first member 111 that rotates together with the rotor 10, and a housing space for the moving body 113 is formed. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, the distance between the side walls 112c forming the accommodation space of the moving body 113 is not limited, and the side walls 112c can move between the side walls 112c in the direction of rotation about the rotation shaft 11. 112c can also be provided. In other words, as shown in FIG. 5, the accommodation space of the moving body 113 can be formed so that the sphere can move in the direction of rotation about the rotation axis 11 in the accommodation space of the moving body 113. Therefore, by using a ball as the moving body 113, the degree of freedom in designing the driving motor 1 is improved. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a second member and a moving body of the moving device in another example of the driving motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows another example of the second member 112 when a sphere is used as the moving body 113, and has the same observation direction as FIG. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the second member 112 and the sphere serving as the moving body 113 are rotating together with the rotor 10 and the sphere is moving in a direction away from the rotation shaft 11.

  In the first embodiment, a configuration in which the inclined portion 111a of the first member 111 linearly approaches the second member 112 as the distance from the rotation shaft 11 is increased in a virtual plane that passes through the rotation shaft 11 and is parallel to the rotation shaft 11. It was. Similarly, on a virtual plane passing through the rotation axis 11 and parallel to the rotation axis 11, the inclined portion 112 a of the second member 112 linearly approaches the first member 111 as the distance from the rotation axis 11 increases. . However, the shapes of the inclined portions 111a and 112a are not limited to such shapes.

  The position of the rotor 10 changes according to the position of the first member 111 when the moving body 113 is sandwiched between the first member 111 and the second member 112. That is, when the moving body 113 is sandwiched between the first member 111 and the second member 112, the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 depends on the position of the first member 111. Change. The distance of the moving body 113 from the rotation shaft 11 is a distance according to the number of rotations of the rotor 10. For this reason, if the shapes of the inclined portions 111a and 112a are appropriately determined according to the number of rotations of the rotor 10 and the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 required at that time. Good.

  In the first embodiment, the rear wheels 220 are rotated by the driving force of the driving motor 1. The invention is not limited thereto, and wheels other than the rear wheels 220 may be rotated by the driving force of the driving motor 1. In other words, since the driving motor 1 according to the first embodiment is an in-wheel motor, the driving motor 1 may be incorporated in wheels other than the rear wheel 220.

  The electric vehicle on which the driving motor 1 is mounted is not limited to the electric motorcycle 200. The driving motor 1 may be mounted on an electric vehicle other than the electric motorcycle 200, and the wheels may be rotated by the driving force of the driving motor 1. The electric vehicle other than the electric motorcycle 200 is, for example, an electric tricycle, an electric four-wheeled vehicle, or the like. In addition, the electric vehicle includes an electric bicycle.

Embodiment 2 FIG.
Also in the inner rotor type electric motor, the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 can be changed by using the moving device 100 as described below. Items not described in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

<Structure of electric motorcycle>
An electric motorcycle 200 according to Embodiment 2 will be described.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electric motorcycle according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The drive motor 1 according to the second embodiment is an inner rotor type motor in which the rotor 10 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the stator 20. The drive motor 1 is arranged outside the rear wheel 220. The driving motor 1 and the rear wheel 220 are connected via a transmission component 250 that transmits the driving force of the driving motor 1 to the rear wheel 220.

  More specifically, the drive motor 1 according to the second embodiment includes a chain 251, a gear 252, and a gear 253 as the transmission component 250. The gear 252 meshes with the chain 251. As will be described later, in the driving motor 1 according to the second embodiment, the shaft 30 is an output shaft that rotates together with the rotor 10 and outputs the driving force of the driving motor 1. The gear 252 is fixed to a shaft 30, which is an output shaft. The gear 253 also engages with the chain 251 similarly to the gear 252. The gear 253 is fixed to the rear wheel 220. Thereby, the driving force of the driving motor 1 is transmitted to the rear wheel 220 via the gear 252, the chain 251 and the gear 253, and the rear wheel 220 rotates.

  Note that the chain 251, the gear 252, and the gear 253 are examples of the transmission component 250. The transmitting component 250 is optional as long as the driving force of the driving motor 1 can be transmitted to the rear wheel 220. For example, a pulley fixed to the shaft 30, which is an output shaft, a pulley fixed to the rear wheel 220, and a belt hooked on these pulleys may be the transmission component 250.

<Configuration of drive motor>
Next, the configuration of the driving motor 1 according to the second embodiment will be described.

  7 and 8 are cross-sectional views illustrating a schematic configuration of a driving motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 7 and 8 are drawings in which the driving motor 1 is cut along a virtual plane that passes through the rotating shaft 11 of the rotor 10 and is parallel to the rotating shaft 11. Here, FIG. 8 shows a state in which the stator 20 moves in the direction of the rotation axis 11 from the state of FIG. 7 and the facing area between the magnet 12 of the rotor 10 and the coil 21 of the stator 20 is smaller than the state of FIG. Is shown.

  The driving motor 1 includes a stator 20, a rotor 10 that rotates with respect to the stator 20 about a rotation shaft 11, and a moving device 100. Further, the driving motor 1 includes a shaft 30 arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft 11. The drive motor 1 according to the second embodiment includes a case 3 that houses the rotor 10, the stator 20, and the moving device 100.

  The rotor 10 is connected to the shaft 30. In other words, the rotor 10 is fixed to the shaft 30. The rotor 10 has a plurality of magnets 12 arranged in an annular shape on the outer peripheral surface. The shaft 30 is rotatably supported by radial bearings 41 and 42 provided on the case 3. That is, in the second embodiment, the shaft 30 is an output shaft that rotates together with the rotor 10 and outputs the driving force of the driving motor 1.

  The stator 20 as the outer peripheral part 2 is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral side of the rotor 10. The stator 20 is connected to the case 3 so as not to rotate with respect to the case 3 but to be movable in the direction of the rotating shaft 11. In the second embodiment, the stator 20 is connected to the case 3 via the slide rail 44. The stator 20 has a plurality of coils 21 arranged in an annular shape on the inner peripheral surface. The plurality of coils 21 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the plurality of magnets 12 arranged annularly, and face the plurality of magnets 12.

  In the inertial force acting portion 110 of the moving device 100 according to the second embodiment, the first member 111 that rotates together with the rotor 10 is connected to the shaft 30 that passes through the center of the first member 111. In other words, the first member 111 is connected to the rotor 10 via the shaft 30.

  The second member 112 is disposed on the stator 20 side with respect to the first member 111. Further, the second member 112 is connected to the stator 20. In other words, the second member 112 is fixed to the stator 20. That is, the second member 112 moves in the direction of the rotating shaft 11 together with the stator 20 that is the outer peripheral part 2. Note that the second member 112 may be connected to the stator 20 via another member.

  Further, in the second embodiment, since the second member 112 does not rotate with respect to the stator 20, that is, the second member 112 does not rotate with the rotor 10. A sphere is used. The second member 112 may be connected to the stator 20 via a thrust bearing or the like, so that the second member 112 can rotate together with the rotor 10. In this case, even if a cylindrical roller is used as the moving body 113, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the efficiency of the driving motor 1 as described above. However, by using a configuration in which the second member 112 does not rotate with respect to the stator 20 and using a ball as the moving body 113, a thrust bearing or the like for rotating the second member 112 together with the rotor 10 becomes unnecessary, and the driving motor 1 Manufacturing cost can be reduced.

<Operation of drive motor>
Next, the operation of the driving motor 1 according to the second embodiment will be described.

  When the rotor 10 rotates, the first member 111 and the moving body 113 rotate together with the rotor 10. As a result, an inertial force acts on the moving body 113, and the moving body 113 spreads between the first member 111 and the second member 112 due to the inertial force, and attempts to move in a direction away from the rotation shaft 11. When the moving body 113 pushes the second member 112 and the stator 20 in the direction of the rotating shaft 11 (the direction from left to right in FIGS. 7 and 8), the spring 101 pushes the second member 112 and the stator 20 to the rotating shaft. The second member 112 and the stator 20 stop at a position where the pulling force in the eleven directions (the direction from right to left in FIGS. 7 and 8) is balanced. At this time, as the rotational speed of the rotor 10 and the moving body 113 increases, the inertial force acting on the moving body 113 increases. The facing area between the ten magnets 12 and the coils 21 of the stator 20 is reduced.

<Effect>
In the drive motor 1 according to the second embodiment, the moving device 100 moves the stator 20, which is the outer peripheral part 2, in the direction of the rotating shaft 11 by the inertial force acting on the inertial force acting portion 110.

  The driving motor 1 according to the second embodiment uses the inertial force generated by the rotation of the rotor 10 to rotate the rotor 10 and the stator in the direction of the rotation shaft 11 similarly to the driving motor 1 described in the first embodiment. Change the position relative to 20. For this reason, the driving motor 1 according to the second embodiment also has a dedicated actuator for moving the rotor 10 or the stator 20 in the direction of the rotating shaft 11 similarly to the driving motor 1 described in the first embodiment. do not need. Therefore, the driving motor 1 according to the second embodiment can also change the relative position between the rotor 10 and the stator 20 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11 similarly to the driving motor 1 described in the first embodiment, and In addition, manufacturing costs can be reduced.

  Further, the driving motor 1 according to the second embodiment also requires a dedicated actuator for moving the rotor 10 or the stator 20 in the direction of the rotation shaft 11, similarly to the driving motor 1 described in the first embodiment. Therefore, the effect that the driving motor 1 can be downsized can be obtained. By reducing the size, it becomes easy to dispose the driving motor 1 in an electric vehicle having a small body.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Driving motor, 2 outer peripheral parts, 3 cases, 10 rotors, 11 rotating shafts, 12 magnets, 20 stators, 21 coils, 30 shafts, 41 radial bearings, 42 radial bearings, 43 rotary spline bearings, 44 slide rails, 100 Moving device, 101 spring, 110 inertial force acting portion, 111 first member, 111a inclined portion, 112 second member, 112a inclined portion, 112b groove, 112c side wall, 113 moving body, 200 electric motorcycle, 201 body, 202 front fork , 203 swing arm, 204 accelerator lever, 210 front wheel, 220 rear wheel, 221 tire, 222 rim, 230 control device, 240 battery, 250 transmission parts, 251 chain, 252 gear, 253 gear.

Claims (10)

A driving motor (1) for generating a driving force for rotating wheels (220) of an electric vehicle (200),
A rotor (10) rotating about a rotation axis (11),
A stator (20);
A moving device (100) for moving an outer peripheral part (2) of the rotor (10) and the stator (20), which is disposed on the outer peripheral side, in the direction of the rotation axis (11);
With
The moving device (100) includes an inertial force acting portion (110) in which at least a part of the member rotates together with the rotor, and an inertial force acts by the rotation.
The outer peripheral part (2) is configured to move in the direction of the rotating shaft (11) by the inertial force. The inertial force acting section (110) includes:
A first member (111) that rotates with the rotor (10);
A second member (112) disposed opposite to the first member (111) in the direction of the rotation axis (11);
A moving body (113) arranged between the first member (111) and the second member (112), and moving in a direction away from the rotation axis (11) by the inertial force;
With
One of the first member (111) and the second member (112) is connected to the outer peripheral part (2),
When the rotor (10) rotates, the moving body (113) moves in a direction away from the rotation shaft (11) to push between the first member (111) and the second member (112). The drive electric motor (1) according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral side part (2) is configured to move in the direction of the rotation axis (11) when expanded. The outer peripheral part (2) is the rotor (10);
The driving motor (1) according to claim 2, wherein the first member (111) is connected to the rotor (10). The driving motor (1) according to claim 3, wherein the moving body (113) is a sphere. The outer peripheral part (2) is the stator (20),
The driving motor (1) according to claim 2, wherein the second member (112) is connected to the stator (20). The moving body (113) is a sphere,
The driving motor (1) according to claim 5, wherein the second member (112) does not rotate with respect to the stator (20). A driving motor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A wheel (220) rotated by a driving force of the driving motor (1),
An electric vehicle (200) comprising: The driving motor (1) is the driving motor (1) according to claim 3 or 4,
The rotor (10) is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the tire (221) of the wheel (220), and is connected to the tire (221) so as to be movable in the direction of the rotation axis (11).
The electric vehicle (200) according to claim 7, wherein the rotor (10) and the tire (221) rotate together. The driving motor (1) is the driving motor (1) according to claim 5 or 6,
The driving motor (1) is disposed outside the wheel (220),
The drive motor (1) and the wheels (220) are connected via a transmission component (250) that transmits a driving force of the drive motor (1) to the wheels (220). (200). The electric vehicle (200) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the electric vehicle (200) is an electric motorcycle.

Images