JP2019529063A - 磁性混合器および方法 - Google Patents
磁性混合器および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B01F33/451—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers wherein the mixture is directly exposed to an electromagnetic field without use of a stirrer, e.g. for material comprising ferromagnetic particles or for molten metal
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
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- B03C1/01—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation by addition of magnetic adjuvants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
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- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2016年7月28日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/367,712号に対して優先権、およびその利益を主張する。上記文献の全ての内容は、本明細書において参照することによって援用される。
本発明は、概して、流動液体内の分子衝突を増強させるためのsupra−Brownian反応チャンバシステムに関し、より具体的には、標的と、微粒子鎖に付着される1つ以上の化学的薬品(触媒、抗体、試薬、官能化磁性ナノ粒子、リガンド等)との間の衝突頻度を増加させるために、流体を含有する標的に対して作動される、自己集合性官能化磁性微粒子鎖を使用することに関する。
磁性ナノ粒子およびミクロンサイズの複合粒子は、流体からの標的部分の磁気分離の目的のために有用である物性を有する。それらの表面は、それらを標的特異性結合表面としての使用のために好適にするように官能化されてもよい。この物性の結果として、磁性ナノ粒子およびミクロンサイズのマイクロビーズは、標的成分の磁気分離の目的のために、実験室のベンチトップシステム内で使用されている。そのようなベンチトップシステムでは、官能化磁性マイクロビーズが、標的部分と、他の種との両方を含有する、小体積の流体と、容器内で混合される。混合物は、次いで、容器の体積全体にわたって不均一な磁場を産出する、永久磁石に暴露される。これは、磁性ナノ粒子またはマイクロビーズを、流体容器内の所定の場所で作動かつ集中させる。浮遊物内の非作動材料は、分離除去され、化学または他の薬品が、混合物に添加され、標的部分と磁性エンティティとの間の結合を切断し、それによって、標的成分が分離除去され、次いで、さらに精製されることを可能にしてもよい。
ある側面では、本発明は、流動流体中の磁性粒子と標的部分との間の高い衝突頻度を作成する、分子磁性標識システムに関する。磁性粒子を含有する流体は、磁性粒子が調整可能な長さの回転鎖を形成するように、制御されたレートで回転する、制御された大きさの磁場を通して流動される。これらの鎖は、磁性粒子とそれらの標的部分との間の衝突頻度を増加させ、したがって、全体的な結合時間を減少させる役割を果たす。
簡潔な大要として、かつ図1を参照すると、本発明に従って構成されるシステムのある実施形態は、サンプルチャンバまたは導管18がそれを通して位置付けられる磁性アレイ14を含む、標識チャンバ10を含む。磁性アレイが、コントローラ21によって制御されるターンテーブル20上に位置する。ターンテーブルは、標準的なモータまたはステッパモータによって回転されてもよい。着目サンプル22が、付加的な処理のために、好適なポンプ26(明確化のためにシリンジポンプが示されるが、任意のポンプが、使用されてもよい)によって、サンプルチャンバまたは導管18の入力ポート30を通してサンプルチャンバまたは導管18の出力ポート34にポンプされる。磁気分離粒子42の溶液を伴う第2のポンプ38はまた、Tコネクタ46を通してサンプル導管またはチャンバ18の入力ポート30に接続され、磁気分離粒子42をサンプル22と混合する。
Fd=−6πηRν
Fd=−6(ωπl)
Fm=−(3μ0/2π)(M2/(2R)4)
M=χHV
Fm=−(3μ0/16π)((χHV)2/R4)
Fd=Fm
6(ωπl)=(3μ0/16π)(M2/R4)
l=(μ0/32π2)(M2/ηωR5)
(2ρR/l)(l/2)2=ρRπl/2
ρRπl2>ρπR2
(2ρR/l)(l/2)2(2ωt)=ρRπlωt
ρRπlωt>ρπR2
以下の場合に限り、
lωt>R
l=(μ0/32π3)(M2/ηωR5)
(μ0/32π3)(M2/ηR5)t>R
(μ032π3)(M2/ηR6)>1/t
t=(D+2R)/ν
(μ0/32π3)(M2/ηR6)>ν/(2R+D)
ν<(2R+D)(μ0/32π3)(M2/ηR6)
t=1/2ω
ω=1/2t
ω=ν/(2D+4R)
l>2R
l=(μ0/32π3)(χHV)2/(ηωR5)
(μ0/32π3)(χHV)2/(ηωR5)>2R
ω<(μ064π3)(M)2/(ηR6)
ω/H2<(μ0/64π3)(χV)2/(ηR6)
ρπR2
フル回転における回転磁性粒子鎖の総面積は、以下である。
ρRπl/2
(ρRπl/2)/(ρπR2)=l/(2R)
=(μ0/32π3)(M2/ηωR5)(1/(2R))
=(μ0/64π3)(M2/ηωR6)
Claims (17)
- 分子混合システムであって、
電動式ターンテーブルと、
前記電動式ターンテーブルの回転速度を制御するための速度コントローラと、
第1のハルバッハアレイ内に配列された複数の磁石であって、前記第1のハルバッハアレイは、前記電動式ターンテーブル上に位置し、かつ前記電動式ターンテーブルの軸と同心である、複数の磁石と、
入力ポートと、出力ポートとを有し、かつ管腔を画定する外壁を有するサンプル導管であって、前記サンプル導管は、前記第1のハルバッハアレイの中かつその軸と同心に位置付けられている、導管と
を備え、
動作時、前記第1のハルバッハアレイは、前記サンプル導管の外周を中心として円周方向に回転する、分子混合システム。 - 前記サンプル導管の入力ポートから出力ポートに流動する複数の磁性粒子を備える流体をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記流体は、複数の磁性ナノ粒子をさらに備える、請求項2に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記磁性粒子は、リガンドを備える、請求項2に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記磁性粒子および前記磁性ナノ粒子のうちの少なくとも1つは、1つ以上のリガンドを備える、請求項3に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記サンプル導管は、サンプル容器を備える、請求項1に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記サンプル容器は、前記外壁と同心である内壁を備え、前記内壁と外壁との間の管腔を画定し、前記管腔は、前記入力および出力ポートと流体連通している、請求項6に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記システムは、前記サンプル容器の前記内壁内に磁石の第2のハルバッハアレイを備える、請求項7に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記第1のハルバッハアレイは、K=2を有する、請求項1に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記第2のハルバッハアレイは、K=1を有する、請求項8に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記サンプル容器は、前記入力ポートに円錐体の最も大きい部分を、かつ前記出力ポートに前記円錐体の最も狭い部分を伴う、切頂円錐体の形状を有する、請求項6に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記ハルバッハアレイは、相互に隣接して軸方向に重ねられ、かつ空間によって分離されている、複数のハルバッハアレイを備える、請求項1に記載の分子混合システム。
- 前記複数のハルバッハアレイは、種々の高さを有し、入力ポートから出力ポートに、最も高い高さから最も低い高さに積み重ねられている、請求項12に記載の分子混合システム。
- 分子混合システムであって、
入力ポートと、出力ポートとを有し、かつ管腔を画定する外壁を有する、サンプル導管と、
電動式担体と、
前記電動式担体の回転速度を制御するための速度コントローラと、
前記電動式担体に取り付けられ、かつ前記サンプル導管の両側に位置付けられている、電磁石の対と
を備え、
動作時、前記電磁石の対は、前記サンプル導管の外周を中心として円周方向に回転する、分子混合システム。 - 分子レベルで混合する方法であって、
入力ポートと、出力ポートとを有するサンプル導管を提供することと、
複数の磁性粒子を備える流体を、前記サンプル導管を通して、入力ポートから出力ポートに通過させることと、
前記サンプル導管を通して磁場を印加することと、
角速度を用いて、前記サンプル導管の縦軸に同軸である軸を中心として、前記磁場を回転させることと
を含む、方法。 - 磁性粒子の鎖を形成するように、前記磁場の強度および前記磁場の回転の角速度を調整するステップをさらに含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 選択可能な数の磁性粒子の磁気鎖を形成する方法であって、
制御されたレートで回転する、制御された大きさの磁場を提供するステップと、
前記磁性粒子が望ましいサイズの回転鎖を形成するように、前記磁場を通して、前記磁性粒子を含有する流体を通過させるステップと
を含む、方法。
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