JP2019514784A - Anchor device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an anchoring device (1) for arresting systems, which anchors the anchoring device (1), in particular the cover (6) of the arresting system of the landing zone against a pulling force, based on the anchoring device (1) (3) at least one fixing device (2), at least one anchor (4) abutting or placed on the cover (6) of the aresting system, and at least one anchor (4) An anchor device (1) comprising at least one coupling member (5) coupled to two anchoring devices (2).

Description

  The invention relates to an anchoring device comprising the features of the preamble of claim 1, in particular to an anchoring device for a landing strip allesting system, including runways and taxiways, and an arresting system comprising such an anchoring device, The invention relates to installing at least one such anchoring device in such an arresting system.

  This type of arresting system is used to stop an aircraft that is about to overrun the runway. The entry area of the aresting system is shaped like a ramp. The wheels of the aircraft break through the thin cover of the arresting system, often made of concrete, and stack in the filling material (often glass-glass ballast). The base on which the aresting system is located often consists of asphalt or concrete.

  An aircraft alresting system (UK: "Aircraft Arresting System") particularly suitable for civilian aircraft is known under the name of EMAS (UK: "engineered materials arresting system"). In that case, a filler (for example a filler as described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2016097170) is placed under a cover (for example a cover made of cast-in-place concrete). Such an arresting system is arranged at the end area of the landing zone, whereby an aircraft taking off and landing is flying over it. This causes a suction effect. An anchor device is used so that the cover does not lift from the filler material, and the anchor device transmits the pulling force generated by the suction action to the base. Conventionally, a so-called geogrid has been used as an anchor device. The geogrid is fixed to the base and, after inserting the filler, is buried and fixed by the cover.

This system has a number of drawbacks:
-It is not possible to control the anchoring action without destruction. The lack of anchorage can be caused, for example, by locally insufficient bonding between the geogrid and the cover material.
-The dimensioning of the geogrid must be precisely adjusted to the extending dimension of the arresting system (especially the profile in the height direction). Inaccuracies in the orientation lead to poor bonding between the geogrid and the cover material.
The anchor device has to be built simultaneously with the arresting system. It is impossible to retrofit.
The anchoring force is not selectable and results from the degree of coupling between the geogrid and the cover. It is not possible to change the anchoring force after installation without destroying the aresting system.

  The subject of the present invention is an anchor device of this kind in which at least some, preferably all, of the problems discussed above are avoided, an aresting system comprising such an anchor device and such an anchor device And providing a method for installation within the aresting system.

  The problem is solved by an anchoring device comprising the features of claim 1, an alresting system comprising such an anchoring device and a method comprising the features of claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

The anchoring device according to the invention provides a number of advantages:
-Since the anchors for securing the cover of the arresting system are accessible from the outside, simple inspections and inspections can be performed without destroying the cover. For example, visual inspection is possible to see if the anchor is sufficiently coupled to the cover of the aresting system. It is possible to check how much pulling force the anchor can withstand without breaking the bond with the cover.
The anchoring device according to the invention acts in a point-like manner, so that it is not necessary to make adjustments with the extension dimensions of the aresting system, providing more anchoring devices or less anchoring devices. Just do it. The individual anchor devices are spaced apart from one another and act independently.
-Retrofitting is easily possible even to existing alresting systems, in particular existing alresting systems already comprising anchoring devices in the form of geogrids. The corresponding holes need only be prepared in the cover, the filling and the base. The assembly of the anchoring device according to the invention can then be carried out.
The anchoring force can be selected by applying a preload between the anchoring device and the anchor via at least one coupling member. It is possible to change the anchoring force after installation (for example to compensate for the fact that the fixing device has gradually slipped off the base and that the temperature has caused a change in the distance between the fixing device and the anchor). It is possible by changing the preload without destroying the sting system.
The cover of the arresting system may be formed in the form of a plate-like segment based on its size. The anchor arrangement according to the invention arranged in the form of a dot ensures accurate orientation of the plate-like segments under suction as well.

  Depending on the size of the aresting system, hundreds of anchor devices according to the present invention may be required to securely anchor the aresting system cover to the base. For example, one anchor device according to the invention can be provided per square meter of cover. Advantageously, the anchoring device according to the invention is designed for a load of 2 to 6 kilonewtons per one.

  Generally speaking, the anchor may have a body that may not necessarily have a plate-like portion. The body may be made of metal or plastic.

  Preferably, at least one anchor comprises a plate-like anchor member, with which the anchor can be pressed against the cover of the aresting system in the assembled state. This provides a planar input of pulling force on the cover of the aresting system and a minimum height of the part resting on the cover when in the placement configuration. If sealing of the cover is intended, the sealing process is facilitated and the anchors are automatically sealed together.

  Preferably, at least one anchor has a pot-like portion, which preferably protrudes from the anchor member on one side of the plate-like anchor member. This allows for a buried arrangement of the location where the coupling member is or is coupled to the anchor. The projection of this position above the anchor is thus avoided, and the sealing material (if sealing of the cover of the aresting system is carried out) can completely cover the anchor in one operation step. Instead of providing a pot-like part, the position at which the coupling member is or is coupled to the anchor may be arranged on the anchor (in the assembled state) and, in some cases, covered by a lid It may be done.

  Preferably, the pot-like part has a through opening for at least one coupling member, which is preferably provided with a thread. This makes it possible to access the coupling member through the anchor, ie to access the coupling member from outside the cover of the aresting system in the assembled state. If provided, the threads can be used to couple the coupling member to the anchor and to add a preload between the coupling member and the anchor.

  The anchor may be entirely pot-shaped (without a plate-like anchor member).

  Preferably, the cap is releasably connectable to the at least one anchor. This provides an at least substantially continuous surface for sealing the cover of the arresting system or prevents the sealing material from entering into the pot-like part of the anchor.

  Preferably, the at least one connecting member is preferably formed as a cable, a wire, a band or a chain, preferably in the form of a flexible pulling means. The pulling means is ideally suited to be subjected to pulling forces and can be preloaded. The flexibility of the pulling means allows it to flex under compressive loads, as occurs, for example, when the aircraft enters the aresting system. Instead of or in addition to the use of flexible pulling means, the pulling means may also be torn apart, for example under a compressive load as occurs when the aircraft enters the arresting system. Suitable materials for flexible pulling means are, for example, metals and synthetic resins.

  Preferably, a tensioning device is provided which adds a selectable preload between the anchor and the coupling member. The preload may be applied, for example, by applying a torque acting on the screw connection or the transmission mechanism of the tensioning device. Alternatively, a pulling force may be applied to the coupling member to secure the coupling member to the anchor in this state. Another possibility is to use the wedge principle of the tension device with wedges and bevels, ie to control the preload applied based on the amount of displacement. Another possibility is the use of an accumulator (e.g. a predetermined tension spring).

  Preferably, at least one anchoring device is formed as an undercut anchor, an expansion anchor or an adhesive anchor. These can easily be combined with the infrastructure after the fact. Undercut anchors or expansion anchors are also interchangeable.

  The at least one fastening device may consist of metal or plastic.

  The anchoring device can be objectically present in the form of three parts, namely an anchor, a coupling member and an anchoring device (possibly in some cases pre-connected in at least two parts). The coupling member may be previously coupled to the anchor or the fixation device). Alternatively, two of the aforementioned three parts may be integrally formed.

  In the alresting system according to the present invention, the anchoring devices of the plurality of anchoring devices are coupled to the base and the anchoring devices of the plurality of anchoring devices end at least approximately flush with the cover or are buried in the cover It may be arranged to be pressed against the cover by the coupling member.

  The aresting system may additionally be provided with an anchoring device in the form of a geogrid. It is assumed that this is, inter alia, the flow where retrofitting is already performed on the geogrid anchored arresting system.

At least one anchoring device according to at least one embodiment of the preceding embodiments comprises an arresting system according to at least one embodiment of the preceding embodiments,
Provide holes in the cover, filler and base,
Connect the fixing device to the base,
Position the anchors on or in the cover outer surface,
Adding a selectable preload between the anchor and the coupling member,
It can be installed by doing so.

  If you are constructing a new aresting system, of course, place a spacer on the planned or already prepared hole, leaving a path for later attaching the connecting member before laying the filling material. It is also possible.

  It is particularly advantageous to be able to arrange the coupling member to project beyond the anchor in a first step and to trim it to a suitable length in a second step. This is because it is possible to take account of the local height extension of the cover of the aresting system without special effort.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be discussed with reference to the drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view of an arresting system according to the present invention. a, b is a figure which shows one Example of the anchor apparatus based on this invention. a, b is a figure which shows one Example of the anchor apparatus based on this invention. a to e are diagrams showing an embodiment of an anchor device according to the present invention. It is a figure showing one example of the anchor device concerning the present invention. It is a figure showing one example of the anchor device concerning the present invention. It is a figure showing one example of the anchor device concerning the present invention. It is a figure showing one example of the anchor device concerning the present invention.

  In the figure, the coupling member 5 is always formed as a cable. This should not be understood in a limited way.

  FIG. 1 shows the ramp-shaped start-up area of the arresting device arranged on the base 3 with a filling 11 and a cover 6 covering the filling 11 against the surrounding environment. One illustrated anchor device 1 is disposed in a hole passing through the cover 6 and the filling material 11. The sealing layer applied to the outer surface of the cover 6 is not shown. The anchor device 1 comprises an anchor 4 which in FIG. 1 is in contact with the cover 6 and a fixing device 2 for fixing the anchor device 1 in the base (exemplarily formed by a screw in FIG. And a coupling member 5 for coupling the anchor 4 to the anchoring device 2.

  FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the anchoring device 1 according to the invention in a sectional view (FIG. 2a) and in a perspective view (FIG. 2b) at the cover 6 but in the region of the anchor 4 without the filler 11 There is.

  The anchor 4 has a plate-like anchor member 7 in contact with the cover 6. A sleeve-like or pot-like portion 8 projects from one side of the plate-like anchor member 7. The sleeve-like or pot-like portion 8 is covered by the cap 10 to the surrounding environment.

  In the bottom area of the pot-shaped part 8 a through opening 9 for the coupling member 5 is arranged. The through opening 9 has an internal thread for the adjusting screw 12. Also shown is a tensioning device which applies a preload between the coupling member 5 and the anchor 4 in the tensioned state. In the tension device, the adjusting screw 12 and the cable terminal (in the present embodiment, the coupling means 5 are formed as a cable. If it is generalized, it is better to call the terminal of the coupling means 5 the band. In the case, it has a first part 13 of a fastener (Verschluss), in the case of a chain, a chain lock (also called Kettenschloss), and a second part 14 of the cable terminal. After the coupling member 5 is passed through the through opening 9, the first portion 13 (in this embodiment, the first portion 13 formed as a collet having a spring tongue) is externally fitted to the coupling member 5, It is fixed to the coupling member 5 by means of two parts 14 (in this example a second part 14 formed as a collet nut with a conical inner area). To adjust the preload it is sufficient to turn the adjustment screw 12 (before attaching the cap 10 or removing the cap 10). As a result, the adjusting screw 12 moves freely toward the cable terminal via the internal thread of the through opening 9 and exerts on the coupling member 5 a tensile action (that is, preload) which can freely move in and out.

  FIG. 3 shows the area of the anchor 4 of one embodiment of the anchoring device 1 according to the invention. The present embodiment differs from the embodiment of FIG. 2 only in that the cable terminals of the tensioning device are formed differently. In the present example, a press sleeve 15 is provided, which is fastened to the coupling member 5. The cap 10 is formed flush with the surface of the cover 6 in this embodiment.

  4a-c show the area of the anchor 4 of one embodiment of the anchoring device 1 according to the invention. The present embodiment differs from the embodiment of FIG. 2 only in that the cable terminals of the tensioning device are formed differently. In the present embodiment, the cable terminal comprises a clamp 16, which is coupled to the coupling member 5. The clamp 16 is shown in FIGS. 4 c-e alone attached to the coupling member 5.

  FIG. 5 shows the area of the anchoring device 2 of the fourth embodiment of the anchoring device 1 according to the invention. As can be seen, the fixing device 2 has a screw, which is connected to the wheel 19 via the angle 17 and the eyelet 18 and to the coupling member 5 via the press ring 20. .

  FIG. 6 shows the area of the anchoring device 2 of the fifth embodiment of the anchoring device 1 according to the invention. This embodiment differs from the embodiment of FIG. 5 only in that a bolt anchor 21 is provided instead of a screw.

  FIG. 7 shows the area of the fixation device 2 of the sixth embodiment of the anchor device 1 according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, the screw is not the angle member 17, but is coupled to the coupling member 5 via the plate 22, specifically, via the member 23 screwed in or press-fit. It differs only in that it is coupled to 5.

  FIG. 8 shows the area of the anchor 4 of the seventh embodiment of the anchoring device 1 according to the invention. In the present embodiment, the pot-shaped portion 8 is not provided. Instead, the position at which the coupling member 5 is coupled or coupled to the anchor 4 is located on the upper side of the anchor 4 (in the assembled state) and covered by the cap 10.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 anchor device 2 fixing device 3 base 4 anchor 5 coupling member 6 cover of Arresting system 7 plate-like anchor member of anchor 8 pot-like portion of anchor 9 through opening for coupling member 10 cap for anchor 11 filler 12 Adjustment screw for tension device 13 First part of cable terminal of tension device 14 Second part of cable terminal of tension device 15 Press sleeve 16 Clamp 17 Angle member 18 Eyelet 19 Ring of coupling member 20 Press ring 21 Bolt anchor 22 Plate 23 Screwed or press-fitted members

The present invention includes the features of the preamble of claim 1, the arresting system for landing zone including runways and taxiways, and a method of installing at least one such A resting system .

An aircraft alresting system (UK: "Aircraft Arresting System") particularly suitable for civilian aircraft is known under the name of EMAS (UK: "engineered materials arresting system"). In that case, a filler (for example a filler as described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2016097170) is placed under a cover (for example a cover made of cast-in-place concrete). Such an arresting system is arranged at the end area of the landing zone, whereby an aircraft taking off and landing is flying over it. This causes a suction effect. An anchor device is used so that the cover does not lift from the filler material, and the anchor device transmits the pulling force generated by the suction action to the base. Conventionally, a so-called geogrid has been used as an anchor device. The geogrid is fixed to the base and, after inserting the filler, is buried and fixed by the cover.
In U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/020437, the use and construction of various materials for an arresting system is known. In one embodiment of such a system, the cover is then fixed to the base by means of anchors.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,066,896 shows an arresting system in which a depressible cover is placed on a well which is filled with a material for stopping a vehicle.
U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2016/003279 discloses an anchor head that anchors a tension anchor to the air side of the anchor hole.
In U.S. Patent Application Publication 2009/016826, an erosion control system comprising an erosion control mat anchored to a surface susceptible to erosion is visible. In this case, the anchoring is carried out by means of an anchor positioned in the ground, the anchor being connected to the erosion control mat via a flexible band.

These systems have a number of disadvantages:
-It is not possible to control the anchoring action without destruction. The lack of anchorage can be caused, for example, by locally insufficient bonding between the geogrid and the cover material.
-The dimensioning of the geogrid must be precisely adjusted to the extending dimension of the arresting system (especially the profile in the height direction). Inaccuracies in the orientation lead to poor bonding between the geogrid and the cover material.
The anchor device has to be built simultaneously with the arresting system. It is impossible to retrofit.
The anchoring force is not selectable and results from the degree of coupling between the geogrid and the cover. It is not possible to change the anchoring force after installation without destroying the aresting system.

An object of the present invention, at least some of the discussed above problem is to provide preferably a A resting system of this type where all is avoided, and a method of installing such a A resting system .

This problem is solved by a method comprising a luer resting system comprising the features of claim 1, the features of claim 12. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

One coupling member even without least in the form of full Rekishiburu pulling means, preferably formed cable, wire, as a band or chain. The pulling means is ideally suited to be subjected to pulling forces and can be preloaded. The flexibility of the pulling means allows it to flex under compressive loads, as occurs, for example, when the aircraft enters the aresting system. Pressurized forte to use flexible pulling means, pulling means, for example, at the time of compression load, such as aircraft occurs when entering into the arresting system, it may be torn. Suitable materials for flexible pulling means are, for example, metals and synthetic resins.

Claims (14)

The anchoring device (1), in particular an anchoring device (1) for an arresting system, which holds the cover (6) of the arresting system of the landing zone against a pulling force,
At least one anchoring device (2) for anchoring the anchoring device (1) to the base (3);
At least one anchor (4) abutting or resting on the cover (6) of the aresting system;
At least one coupling member (5) coupling the at least one anchor (4) to the at least one anchoring device (2);
An anchor device comprising:   At least one anchor (4) has a plate-like anchor member (7), with said plate-like anchor member (7), said anchor (4) in the assembled state is said cover of said allesting system The anchor device according to claim 1, which can be pressed against (6).   At least one anchor (7) has a pot-like portion (8), said pot-like portion (8) preferably being said anchor member (7) on one side of a plate-like anchor member (7) An anchor device as claimed in at least one of the claims 1 and 2 projecting from the.   Said anchor (7), optionally a pot-like part (8) of said anchor (7), having a through opening (9) for said at least one coupling member (5), said through opening (9) The anchor device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, preferably provided with a thread.   Said coupling member (5) is passed through said through opening (9) and preferably projects beyond said anchor (7), said coupling member (5) after assembly of said anchoring device (1) 5. The anchor device of claim 4, which can be truncated to a suitable length.   An anchor device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a cap (10) is releasably connectable to the at least one anchor (4).   7. At least one coupling member (5) in the form of a flexible pulling means which can only bear tensile loads, preferably formed as a cable, a wire, a band or a chain. Anchor device.   8. An anchor device according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising a tensioning device for applying a selectable preload between the anchor (4) and the coupling member (5).   9. Anchoring device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one anchoring device (2) is formed as a screw, an undercut anchor, an expansion anchor or an adhesive anchor.   10. Arresting system for a landing strip comprising a plurality of anchoring devices (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 9.   The fixing devices (2) of the plurality of anchor devices (1) are coupled to the base (3), and the anchors (4) of the plurality of anchor devices (1) are mounted on the cover (6) Or abuts, terminates at least approximately flush with the cover (6), or is embedded in the cover (6) and is pressed against the cover (6) by the coupling member (5), The arresting system according to claim 10.   The arresting system according to claim 11, wherein the arresting system additionally comprises an anchoring device in the form of a geogrid.   13. Arresting system according to at least one of the claims 10 to 12, wherein the tensioning device is arranged in the area of the cover (6) and is accessible from the outside. A method of installing at least one anchoring device (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 9 in an arresting system according to at least one of claims 10 to 13;
Holes are provided in the cover (6), the filler (11) and the base (3),
Coupling the fixing device (2) to the base (3);
Positioning the anchor (4) on the outer surface of the cover (6) or in the cover (6);
Add a preload between the anchor (4) and the coupling member (5),
Method.

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