JP2019205990A - Fluctuating inertia force application device and fluctuating inertia force application program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide means for inexpensively and efficiently manufacturing a high-quality product with great beauty by miniaturizing air bubbles and voids on a surface of a fluid and within the fluid.SOLUTION: A fluctuating inertia force application device includes an installation base for installing a container accommodating a fluid containing air bubbles and/or voids, and inertia force application means for uniformly applying a fluctuating inertia force to the whole fluid within the container installed on the installation base. The inertia force application means applies the inertia force based on an acceleration exceeding 1 time (1 G) of the gravity acceleration of the earth.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a variable inertia force applying device and a variable inertia force application program for applying a variable inertia force to a fluid.

  Conventionally, when a product or the like is manufactured using a fluid, processing of bubbles contained in the fluid may be necessary from the viewpoint of quality and appearance. For example, when air bubbles are present in the fluid when the fluid is solidified, cavities and dents are formed in the solidified body and on the surface, and the processing for eliminating them requires labor and cost.

  With regard to such a problem, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a concrete bubble reduction vibrator having a vibrator that connects or incorporates an electric motor, a gutter plate, and a connecting portion that couples the vibrator and the gutter plate. In addition, a method is described in which the bubble reduction vibrator is inserted in the vicinity of an uncured concrete mold and vibrated to reduce concrete bubbles.

  However, in the vibrator as described in Patent Document 1, due to the scattering or irregular reflection of the vibration due to the mixed viscosity of the concrete, the properties such as the cement paste and the fine aggregate or the coarse aggregate, the size, the size, or the specific gravity. There is a problem that the vibration does not spread to the whole due to attenuation or the like, and the vibration can be given only locally. Moreover, labor and cost are excessively generated for the work of inserting the vibrator near the formwork. Furthermore, in the first place, there has been a problem that the given vibration conditions do not meet the defoaming conditions of the shaker and cannot be defoamed.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a formwork placing table for placing a concrete molded product form is constituted by a frame made of shape steel or the like, and a base is also made by a frame made of shape steel or the like. A mold mounting table is mounted with a cushioning member such as rubber interposed, and a mold fixing device for mounting and fixing a concrete molded product mold on the mold mounting table is provided. There is described a table vibrator for molding a cement concrete product in which a vibration motor is attached to a portion of a mounting table.

  However, the table vibrator described in Patent Document 2 can only give a fixed fixed vibration that does not conform to the defoaming condition, and can cause bubbles on the concrete surface and / or inside the concrete, so-called entrapped air. There was a problem that it was not possible to make it fine or disappear, and it was impossible to make it fine until it disappeared in appearance. In other words, under the given vibration conditions, there was a problem that the defoaming conditions of the vibrating body were not met and the defoaming was impossible.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a defoaming device used for removing bubbles contained in coating materials, inks, and the like used in various coating machines and printing machines, including a defoaming tank and the defoaming treatment tank. A defoaming device comprising an ultrasonic transducer connected to a defoaming treatment tank is described.

  However, in the technology of defoaming using sound waves, particularly ultrasonic waves, the fluid is a viscous fluid or a hybrid fluid containing a plurality of objects having different specific gravity, hardness, size, and shape. Can be applied in the vicinity where the sound wave is input, the wave of the preset condition can be applied, but when the sound wave is moved away from the sound wave input source, the sound wave is significantly attenuated and the attenuated wave deviates from the set condition. There is a problem that it is non-uniform, does not spread evenly over the entire surface, and as a result, does not completely defoam.

JP 2006-16868 A JP-A-5-318422 JP 2010-167386 A

  The present invention has been made by the inventors' diligent research in view of the above-described conventional circumstances. The surface of the fluid and the internal bubbles are made finer, the appearance is good, and a high-quality product is manufactured at a low cost. The purpose is to manufacture efficiently.

  The variable inertial force applying device of the present invention is uniformly applied to an installation base on which a container containing a fluid containing bubbles and / or voids is installed, and to the entire fluid in the container installed on the installation base. An inertial force imparting device that imparts a variable inertial force, wherein the inertial force imparting device imparts an inertial force due to an acceleration exceeding 1 times (1G) of the gravitational acceleration of the earth. It is characterized by that.

  Further, the variable inertia force applying device of the present invention keeps any one of the fluctuation range, the number of fluctuations per unit time, and the acceleration, which regulate the inertial force applied to the whole fluid by the inertial force applying means, constant. The control means and / or the drive means for changing the other are provided.

  In addition, the variable inertial force applying device of the present invention includes a detecting unit that detects a physical state of the fluid in the container, and the control unit and / or the driving unit has the physical state detected by the detecting unit in a predetermined state. In some cases, one or more of the number of fluctuations, the fluctuation width per unit time, and the acceleration are changed.

  The variable inertial force applying device of the present invention includes a counter that measures inertial force information starting from the start of applying the inertial force by the inertial force applying unit, and the control unit and / or the driving unit includes the inertial force generated by the counter. When the information exceeds a threshold value, any one or more of the number of fluctuations, fluctuation width, and acceleration is changed.

  Further, the variable inertia force applying device of the present invention is characterized in that the inertia force information is a time during which the variable inertia force is applied to the installation base by the inertia force applying means and / or the number of times of change.

  Further, the variable inertia force applying device of the present invention is a variable portion that causes the inertia force applying means to change so that the installation table reciprocates in a predetermined direction, and is fixed so that the container can be detachably fixed to the variable portion. The fixing means includes a standing part for fixing the container within a predetermined range, and a holding part capable of holding the container disposed within the predetermined range while pressing the container in a changing direction. And

  Further, the variable inertial force applying device of the present invention is characterized in that the changing direction is a vertical direction or a horizontal direction.

  Further, the variable inertial force applying device of the present invention includes an installation base on which a container containing a fluid containing bubbles is installed, and the installation base is reciprocated in a predetermined direction so that the fluid in the container is uniform. A variable portion as a variable force applying means for applying a variable inertia force to the variable portion, and a fixing means capable of detachably fixing the container to the variable portion, the fixing means for fixing the container within a predetermined range And a holding part capable of holding the container disposed within a predetermined range while pressing the container in the changing direction.

  The variable inertial force applying device of the present invention is a variable inertial force applying device having an inertial force that uniformly applies a variable inertial force to a fluid containing bubbles and / or voids contained in a container. And an inertial force provision means provides the inertial force by the acceleration exceeding 1 time (1G) of the gravitational acceleration of the earth, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In addition, the variable inertia force application program of the present invention provides an inertial force application device having an installation base for installing a container containing a fluid containing bubbles and / or voids, to the gravity acceleration of the earth with respect to the fluid. The entire fluid contained in a container can be applied with an inertial force exceeding 1 times (1G), and one or more of the fluctuation range, the number of fluctuations per unit time, and the acceleration are constant. An inertial force applying step for uniformly applying a variable inertial force is executed.

  The variable inertia force application program of the present invention maintains a constant one of the fluctuation range, the number of fluctuations per unit time, and the acceleration that regulate the inertia force applied to the fluid by the inertia force application step. It is characterized by changing others.

  Further, the variable inertia force application program of the present invention further executes a detection step of detecting the physical state of the fluid in the container, and the inertia force application step is performed when the detected physical state is a predetermined state. Any one or more of the number, the fluctuation range per unit time, and the acceleration are changed.

  The variable inertia force application program of the present invention further executes a step of measuring inertial force information starting from the start of applying the inertial force, and when the inertial force information exceeds a threshold value, the number of changes and per unit time One or more of the fluctuation range and the acceleration is changed.

  Also, the variable inertia force application program of the present invention is characterized in that the inertia force information is a time during which a variable inertia force is applied to the installation base and / or the number of times of change.

  The variable inertia force application program of the present invention is characterized in that the variable inertia force is applied by reciprocating the installation base in a predetermined direction.

  According to the present invention, the surface of the fluid and the internal bubbles and voids can be made fine with a simple structure, and the aesthetic appearance and high-quality products can be efficiently manufactured at low cost.

It is a perspective view which shows the fluid fluctuation | variation inertial force provision apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the wall part of the jig | tool of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the obstruction | occlusion part of the jig | tool of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a storage container. It is the schematic for demonstrating the direction which gives a variable inertia force. It is the schematic which represented typically the 1st mechanism of bubble refinement | miniaturization. It is the schematic which represented typically the 2nd mechanism of bubble refinement | miniaturization. It is the schematic which represented typically the 3rd mechanism of bubble refinement | miniaturization. It is a figure showing the state of the bubble of concrete when conditions are changed in an Example. It is a figure showing the state of the bubble of concrete when conditions are changed in an Example. It is a figure showing the state of the bubble of concrete when conditions are changed in an Example. It is a figure showing the state of the bubble of concrete when conditions are changed in an Example. It is a figure showing the state of the bubble of concrete when conditions are changed in an Example. It is a figure showing the state of the bubble of concrete when conditions are changed in other modes of an example. It is a block diagram which shows the system configuration | structure of the fluid fluctuation | variation inertial force provision apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the vibration process of the fluid variable inertial force provision apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. The flowchart which shows the other example of an excitation process of the fluid variable inertial force provision apparatus It is a figure which shows the other example of the jig | tool of a fluid variable inertial force provision apparatus. It is a figure which shows the other example of the jig | tool of a fluid variable inertial force provision apparatus.

  Hereinafter, the fluid variable inertial force applying device 1 as the variable inertial force applying device of the present invention will be described. The fluid-variable inertial force imparting device 1 varies the fluid in order to impart a variable inertial force to the fluid in order to refine and / or defoam bubbles in the fluid. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fluid variable inertial force applying device 1 according to this embodiment. The fluid variable inertial force imparting device 1 has an installation base 10 on which a substantially rectangular parallelepiped storage container 4 (see FIG. 4) in which a fluid is stored is installed, and the storage container 4 is detachably fixed on the installation base 10. And a reciprocating actuator 14 for changing the setting table 10.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the wall portion 16 of the jig 12 according to this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the closing portion 18 of the jig 12 according to this embodiment. The jig 12 can hold the container while pressing the container in the changing direction, and a function of fixing the container within a predetermined range by a wall surface (standing part) standing so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the container. It has a function.
The jig 12 includes a wall portion 16 erected on the upper surface of the installation table 10 and a closing portion 18 connected to the wall portion 16. The jig 12 fixes the container within a range defined by the wall portion 16 and the closing portion 18. The wall portion 16 and the closing portion 18 are formed of a material such as glass, in addition to a synthetic resin such as acrylic or vinyl chloride, which has optical transparency, so that the inside of the jig 12 can be visually recognized from the outside.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the wall portion 16 has a substantially U shape in plan view so as to cover three surfaces among the side surfaces of the container 4. The closing part 18 is a plate-like member formed in an L-shape, and is arranged so that the side part 18a from one end part to the corner part is erected on the installation base 10 so as to close the open part of the wall part 16. Connected to the wall 16. Further, the closing portion 18 closes the upper portion of the wall portion 16 by the lid portion 18 b from the other end portion to the corner portion coming into contact with the upper end portion of the wall portion 16.

  In addition, on two opposing surfaces of the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 16, a concave groove 16a is formed that extends in the vertical direction and is slidably inserted into the side end portion of the side surface portion 18a. Therefore, when both side portions of the side surface portion 18a are inserted into the grooves 16a and the closing portion 18 is slid to the lower end along the grooves 16a, the lid portion 18b comes into contact with the wall portion 16 and the closing portion 18 and the wall portion 16 are brought into contact with each other. And connect. In addition, the groove | channel 16a is good also as a structure which is narrow and has elasticity so that the side part 18a can move slidably by press fit.

  The reciprocating actuator 14 is a drive source that moves the installation base 10 in the vertical direction. The reciprocating actuator 14 has a hydraulic cylinder that drives the drive rod 14a with upper and lower reciprocating strokes. Of course, the direction of the reciprocating motion by the reciprocating actuator 14 is not limited to the vertical direction, but may be the horizontal direction.

  Note that the number of reciprocating actuators 14 disposed on the installation base 10 is not limited to a single number, and a plurality of reciprocating actuators 14 may be provided. There may be. The reciprocating actuator 14 is not limited to the one using a hydraulic cylinder, and may be another type of actuator such as a solenoid actuator or a linear actuator.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the storage container 4. The storage container 4 is an acrylic container that has a rectangular tube shape and is light transmissive so that the inside can be visually recognized. It has an outer shape that fits within the accommodation range defined by. Therefore, the container 4 can be surrounded and brought into contact with the wall portion 16 and the side surface portion 18a of the closing portion 18 in the jig 12, and the upper surface is pressed and fixed by the lid portion 18b.

  The container 4 is arranged inside the wall portion 16 by moving in the horizontal direction toward the opened portion of the U-shaped wall portion 16. Or the container 4 is arrange | positioned inside the wall part 16 by moving a vertical direction downward from the upper opening side of the wall part 16. As shown in FIG. That is, in the inner space surrounded by the wall portion 16, the container 4 is moved along the surface of the wall portion 16 in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction.

  The container 4 arranged in the jig 12 is restricted from moving in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction by the wall portion 16 and the side surface portion 18 a of the closing portion 18. Further, the vertical movement of the container 4 is restricted by the lid portion 18 b of the closing portion 18. Therefore, the container 4 is fixed substantially integrally with the installation base 10. In order to prevent direct contact between the upper surface of the container 4 and the lid 18b, an elastic member having elasticity such as rubber may be interposed between the lid 18b and the container 4. In that case, an elastic member may be provided directly on the lid 18 b or on the upper surface of the container 4.

  In addition, the storage container 4 is not limited to a rectangular tube shape, and may be a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape such as an elliptical shape, an oval shape, or a polygonal cross section. The container 4 and the jig 12 may be made of another resin material having light permeability such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride resin, tempered glass, or the like. In addition, from the viewpoint of strength or the like, it is not necessary that the inside is visible on the entire surface, and it may be formed including a metal or other resin so that the inside can be seen at least partially.

  Moreover, although the jig | tool 12 comprised the wall part 16 and the obstruction | occlusion part 18, it is not limited to this, For example, it is set as the box shape which has an openable top plate with a hinge, and opens a top plate and accommodates in an inside The container 4 may be installed. In this case, when the top plate is closed, the top plate presses the receiving container 4 so that the subordinate container 4 is held between the top plate and the installation base 10.

  Moreover, you may comprise a jig | tool with a some frame member. In that case, a plurality of frame members are combined so that at least the movement of the container 4 in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction can be restricted and the movement in the vertical direction can be restricted. If the jig is composed of a plurality of frame members, the inside of the container 4 can be visually recognized from between the frame members.

  In addition, although the fluid variable inertial force imparting device 1 described above fixes the storage container 4 to the installation base 10 via the jig 12, the present invention is not limited to this, and the storage container 4 is directly attached to the installation base 10. It may be fixed. In this case, for example, a flange projecting outward in the lateral direction is formed at the bottom of the container 4, and an inverted hook-shaped engagement portion that rises from the upper surface of the installation base 10 is formed. Then, the housing container 4 is directly fixed to the installation table 10 by engaging the flange and the engaging portion so that the movement of the housing container 4 along at least the vibration direction can be regulated. Of course, the fixing method is not limited to this, and may be a method by welding or adhesion, and can be set as appropriate.

  Next, description will be made on the refinement and / or defoaming of bubbles and voids inside the fluid when a variable inertial force is applied to the entire fluid. By applying a variable inertial force to the entire fluid, bubbles and voids existing inside and on the surface of the fluid can be refined and / or defoamed to a size that does not cause a problem in appearance and quality. The variable inertial force applied to the fluid that is the subject to be changed is not particularly limited, but the fluid may be displaced irregularly or randomly, and positive acceleration or negative Can be generated (accelerated (decelerated)) or in the process of changing the direction, etc., and applied to the fluid.

  As a method of giving a variable inertial force to the whole fluid, it can be realized by giving a regular and / or a variable inertial force to the fluid. Or, depending on the size of the bubbles to be refined, the variation range of the regular and / or variable inertial force, the number of iterations and / or the number of variations per unit time, the repeated iterations and / or the variations It is characterized by controlling the repetitive and / or fluctuating inertial force (or defining the inertial force) according to one or more conditions selected from the time or the number of fluctuations. By applying repetitive and / or variable inertial force to the entire target fluid, bubbles existing inside and on the surface of the fluid can be refined to a size that does not cause a problem in appearance and quality. .

  It is important to apply an inertial force to the fluid itself, particularly to repeatedly apply an inertial force. For example, it is not effective to enter (irradiate) (ultra) sound waves with a sound source device. In the case of sonic waves, when the fluid is vibrated, the fluid itself becomes a medium that propagates the wave. Therefore, the wave is attenuated due to properties such as the specific gravity and viscosity of the object constituting the fluid, and the medium vibrates. As a result, a mechanism is produced in which the fluid does not vibrate.

  In addition, when a fluid is composed of a plurality of objects, an object that vibrates and an object that does not vibrate depending on various conditions of sound waves from the difference in size, specific gravity, mass difference, etc., and the entire fluid However, there is a problem that a uniform action cannot be applied over the entire fluid and the action of collapsing bubbles cannot be applied over the entire fluid. In particular, when the fluid that is the vibrating body contains solids with a plurality of various shapes, masses, and specific gravities, the input sound wave is scattered and / or attenuated by viscous resistance or the like on each surface or boundary surface. Therefore, there is a problem that the wave does not spread over the entire volume of the fluid.

  On the other hand, depending on the physical and / or chemical attributes of the fluid and / or the physical and / or chemical attributes of the bubbles to be refined, the fluctuation range of the variable inertial force per unit time By controlling the variable inertial force according to one or more conditions selected from the number of fluctuations, the time or number of fluctuations, and the acceleration, the inertial force suitable for reducing or eliminating the bubbles In addition to the periphery, the bubbles on the surface and inside of the fluid are refined from the difference from the inertial force generated in the bubbles themselves. Thereby, an aesthetic appearance is good and a high quality product can be manufactured efficiently. Of course, the inertial force applied to the fluid does not necessarily have to be reciprocal. In addition to the regular inertial force, the regularity and irregularity may be irregular. It may be intermediate.

  The means for applying the variable inertial force is not particularly limited. For example, it may be configured to obtain an inertial force that varies due to a centrifugal force in a rotating system that repeatedly alternates the rotation direction, Can be due to movement and vibration. Here, a case where a variable inertial force is applied by vibration will be described. In this case, the fluctuation range of the variable inertial force corresponds to the amplitude, the number of fluctuations per unit time corresponds to the vibration frequency, and the time for repeated fluctuations corresponds to the vibration time.

  In addition, a fluid means the solid which shows the fluidity | liquidity which has the viscosity of the grade which a bubble is hold | maintained inside, and has fluidity | liquidity which has a powder, a granule, a granular material, etc., or a liquid and solid. The fluid is, for example, a sherbet, jelly, paste, gel, slurry, viscous fluid, a mixture of a plurality of objects, or a mixture thereof. In the case where a plurality of objects are mixed, the plurality of objects may be mixed in various forms such as property, shape, size, specific gravity, hardness, abundance ratio, etc. It may be taken. In addition, the fluid in the form of a paste may be a so-called pendular shape in which a mixed system of a liquid and a gas is surrounded by a solid such as a powder or a granule or a solid larger than the granule, and / or In other words, the liquid in which bubbles are present is in the form of a so-called phen- cular shape in which a solid in the form of powder or granule is surrounded, and / or the liquid not containing bubbles is in the form of powder or granule It may be in a mixed state or an irregular state containing a so-called capillary-shaped element body surrounded by a solid. A fluid having a high viscosity or a mixture in which bubbles are held inside is preferable.

  In this embodiment, it can apply to what a fluid solidifies by reaction in itself. When the fluid is solidified in a state in which bubbles are included, the bubbles inside the solidified body remain as cavities and dents, so that by applying the fluid variable inertial force applying device 1 according to the present embodiment, Even if it is solidified by refining the bubbles in the fluid to a size that does not cause a problem in appearance and quality, it remains as a large cavity inside the solidified body, or a depression is generated on the surface That can be solved. Here, the quality is a required characteristic among strength, rigidity, elasticity, mass distribution, denseness, homogeneity, etc. that define the properties of the fluid or solidified body after the bubbles are refined or defoamed. In particular, it is preferable that the bubbles are refined or defoamed so that the required characteristics satisfy the required level.

  When the fluid is solidified, it is preferable to vibrate immediately after the start of the solidification reaction. If the solidification of the fluid proceeds to some extent, the bubbles are fixed as cavities, and it is difficult to eliminate them. Further, when excessive vibration is applied, for example, when the fluid is composed of a plurality of components having different specific gravity, each component may be separated, which is not preferable.

  It is preferable to apply the vibration as the variable inertia force so as to be distributed almost uniformly over the entire fluid. As a method for uniformly applying vibration, there is a method of vibrating the entire container 4 that contains the fluid. In the vibrator described in Patent Document 1 as described above, vibration can be applied only locally, and when the fluid is a viscous body, vibration is applied to the entire body, Since the air bubbles cannot be moved and the bubbles cannot be sufficiently eliminated, it is preferable that the vibration and swinging are uniformly applied to the entire target fluid.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a direction in which a variable inertial force is applied by the fluid variable inertial force applying device according to the present embodiment. The variable inertia force is preferably applied in the vertical direction with respect to the fluid 20, that is, in the z-axis direction shown in FIG. Since gravity is applied to the vertical direction, by applying a variable inertial force to the same direction as gravity, the bubble 22 can be made finer and disappear more efficiently. It is also possible to move it upward in the vertical direction. Further, even when a variable inertial force is applied to a large amount of fluid 20 having a scale of several tons to a few tens of tons, the configuration in which the variable inertial force is applied to the vertical direction is higher than the horizontal direction. Therefore, the reaction force can be taken using the ground, and the container 4 can be controlled more easily than the configuration that provides the variable inertial force. However, the direction of the variable inertia force is not limited to the vertical direction, and may be the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction in FIG. 5 or a direction in which the x-axis and the y-axis are combined. Further, the inertia force may act in the horizontal direction in addition to the vertical direction. Further, in addition to the application of the variable inertia force in the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction, the vibrating body may be rotated in the vertical plane or in the horizontal plane. In this case, it is possible to reduce separation of a plurality of components and objects constituting the fluid. In addition, the method of applying the inertial force to the fluid is not limited to the acceleration variation along the uniaxial direction, but varies by rotating the entire fluid regularly or irregularly while changing the rotation direction. You may comprise so that a centrifugal force may act.

  Next, the mechanism by which bubbles are miniaturized will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8, the variable inertial force direction coincides with the z-axis of FIG. 5, and the vertical direction also coincides with the vertical direction of FIG. Further, although the fluid is described as having a variable inertial force applied by a monotonous and reciprocating motion, the motion is not limited to a monotonous and reciprocating motion.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic view schematically showing a first mechanism of bubble miniaturization. The bubbles 20 in the fluid are formed by applying a tension Fs (hereinafter referred to as “interface tension”) that acts on the interface between the fluid and the bubbles. Therefore, by applying a variable inertial force to the bubbles and the fluid surrounding the bubbles, when the direction of the variable inertial force changes, it acts in proportion to the mass of the elements constituting the fluid surrounding the bubbles. Pressure is applied to the bubbles by the inertial force Fi (particularly, the inertial force that acts on the element body constituting the fluid existing around the interface is sometimes referred to herein as the interface inertial force). Explaining in detail, the vertical motion of the fluid in accordance with the monotonous and reciprocating motion is upward acceleration movement, upward deceleration movement, downward movement direction change, downward acceleration movement, downward deceleration movement, upward movement However, the inertial force Fi is applied to the bubble 20 in such a movement that repeatedly accelerates and decelerates (FIG. 6A). At this time, the bubble 20 can be deformed by applying a variable inertial force such that the magnitude of the inertial force Fi is larger than the interfacial tension Fs or the collapse resistance force described later (FIG. 6B). Eventually, a certain bubble 20 existing in the fluid can be divided into a plurality of bubbles 20A and 20B to be reduced in size (FIG. 6C). By repeating this miniaturization, the bubbles in the fluid are refined to such a size that there is no problem in appearance and quality, so that the bubbles in the fluid can be disappeared in a state invisible to the naked eye. .

  In this way, by applying a variable inertial force, the bubble is collapsed by the inertial force difference resulting from the mass difference between the bubble and the fluid, and further, secondary bubble splitting, tertiary bubble splitting, and so on. Then, the breakage is promoted into higher-order bubble breakup, and the bubble is made finer, and the vanishing effect is obtained by reaching the desired size. At this time, the total volume of the bubbles does not change so much before and after the higher-order bubble fragmentation, and the bubbles may remain finely divided in the fluid. Therefore, the fine bubbles generated as a result of the progress of higher-order bubble splitting below a predetermined level can be made into, for example, entrained air having a diameter of about 25 to 250 μm.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic view schematically showing a second mechanism of bubble miniaturization. The second mechanism of bubble miniaturization functions mainly when the fluid contains a solid in the form of powder or granules. For example, it is a case where cement paste, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and the like are included as in the production of concrete. For the sake of convenience, the description will be given by taking as an example the miniaturization of bubbles with respect to concrete, but of course, the fluid applied to the fluid variable inertial force applying device 1 is not limited to this.

  By the application of the variable inertia force, the fluid 30 moves at the intermediate position between the peak of the monotonous and reciprocal motion to be applied, specifically, the fluid 30 moves from the upward movement to the downward movement. When the direction is changed and the downward acceleration is started to coincide with the speed of free fall of the fluid 30, the state is instantaneously close to zero gravity. At this time, the large-diameter coarse aggregate 31 a and the small-diameter coarse aggregate 31 b (coarse aggregate 31) constituting the fluid 30, the fine aggregate 32 existing between the coarse aggregates 31, and these coarse aggregates 31. And the friction force due to gravity acting between the cement paste 33 interposed between the fine aggregate 32 and the fine aggregate 32 becomes almost zero (FIG. 7A). At the next moment, when the peak of the variable inertia force (position where the moving direction of the fluid 30 changes the moving direction from downward to upward), the coarse aggregate 31, the fine aggregate 32, and the cement paste 33 are mutually connected. Rearrangement is made as a distribution in contact with each other. In this process, the frictional force acting between each other gradually fluctuates toward the maximum value. It flows down toward the stable state where the energy state is low (FIG. 7B). This flow-down occurs in the vicinity of the bubble 34 as a flow from the fluid 30 into the bubble 34 centering on the cement paste 33 and the fine aggregate 32, and the bubble 34 that flows in is shifted in the direction of filling and flows into the bubble 34. On the body 30 side, replacement with the gas present in the bubbles 34 occurs. If such a fluid / gas exchange flow occurs in one place for one bubble 34, the original bubble collapses and the gas is displaced further upward. It seems to have moved up. Further, when fluid / gas exchange flows for a single bubble 34 occur at a plurality of locations, each single bubble 34 is originally displaced upward as if it was split into a plurality of smaller bubbles. By repeating the flow collapse in this way, the bubbles are refined or reach the uppermost part and pass through the fluid 30.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic view schematically showing a third mechanism of bubble miniaturization. There may be bubbles 41 that are not lost by the first mechanism and the second mechanism of the finer bubbles in the fluid 40 described above. However, such bubbles 41 hardly exist in the case of mortar that does not include coarse aggregate. Therefore, it is considered that the main cause of the generation of the bubbles 41 is generated by the presence of the coarse aggregate 42. That is, the bubble 41 can exist in the vicinity of the coarse aggregate 42, and there is a space surrounded by several coarse aggregates 42, and air is trapped in the coarse aggregate 42. it is conceivable that. The air bubbles 42 having such a structure are aggregates in which coarse aggregates 42 having relatively close densities gather together and mortar (fine aggregate 43 and cement paste 44) having a density close to that of the coarse aggregates 42 is used as a binder material. Is made. From this, it is considered that the bubbles 41 are not collapsed by the first mechanism and the second mechanism, or are extremely difficult to collapse. As a mechanism for the disappearance of the bubble 41 having such a configuration, it is effective to apply a resonance vibration having a natural frequency to the coarse aggregate 42 constituting the bubble 41.

  In reality, it is thought that the bubbles will become finer as a combination of the first mechanism, the second mechanism, and the third mechanism. Here, the setting of the conditions for applying the variable inertia force will be described in more detail. . In the following description, the first mechanism will be mainly described in mind, but the portions applicable to the second and third mechanisms may be appropriately replaced and understood. As described above, in order to reduce the size of the bubbles, a force greater than the force (hereinafter referred to as “bubble collapse resistance force”) that maintains the state of the bubbles acting on the bubbles is vibrated. , Impact, and centrifugal force (however, even if inertial force such as steady centrifugal force is applied, it is often impossible to collapse the bubbles. It is preferable to give to the bubbles by, for example, a state.

  Bubble collapse resistance is the case for fluids of solid-liquid mixture that include solids such as fluid viscosity, specific gravity, component mass, bubble size, bubble interfacial tension, bubble internal pressure, and aggregates. The parameters are the existence of the gas trapped by the engagement between the solids and the degree of surrounding of the gas by the solids. Accordingly, it is possible to appropriately set or infer according to the type of the target fluid and / or the size, shape, form, etc. of the bubbles. In the fluid variable inertia force application device 1, the variable inertia force is controlled so that a force exceeding the bubble collapse resistance force is applied to the bubbles.

The waveform of the variable inertial force to be applied is not particularly limited. As an example, simple vibration is realistic and efficient. In this case, for example, if the displacement of the vibration wave on the z-axis in FIG. 5 at time t is f (t),
It can be expressed as Here, A is the amplitude, ω is the angular frequency corresponding to the frequency, and t is the vibration time. Therefore, vibration can be controlled by one or more conditions selected from amplitude, frequency (or wavelength), and vibration time. Considering the existence of bubbles without collapsing in the presence of gravity, acceleration exceeding at least 1 [G] (approximately 1 times the gravitational acceleration of the earth), preferably acceleration of several G or more It is also preferable to apply vibration so as to be applied around the bubbles and voids.

The acceleration at the time t when applying a variable inertia force by applying vibration to the fluid is G (t), and the gravitational acceleration on the earth is G≈9.8 [m / sec / sec]. The acceleration G (t) [G] based on this is not particularly limited,
It is effective and efficient to set so as to satisfy the relationship. If the amplitude at time t is A (t) [mm], and the angular frequency is ω (t) = 2πν [rad / sec] (where ν [Hz] is the frequency), the acceleration G (T) [G] is
It is expressed. From this, the frequency ν (t) is
It is expressed. When determining the frequency ν (t), for example, if G (t) = 5/2 · G [G] is set, the frequency ν (t) is
And obtained. Here, when the amplitude at time t = 0 is A ₀ > 0, and an arbitrarily set proportional constant is −A ₁ <0, it is assumed that the amplitude A (t) decreases with time. As
From the equation (6), the frequency ν (t) is
Therefore, the angular frequency ω [rad / sec] is
Given in. Therefore, it can be seen that the frequency ν or the angular frequency ω increases with the increase of the time t from the formula (7) or the formula (8). As described above, when the acceleration G (t) is set as a constant that does not depend on time, when the amplitude is decreased with the passage of time, the frequency and the angular frequency increase with the passage of time. It can be said that it is required to set so as to. Therefore, when the acceleration G (t) is set to increase with the passage of time, the frequency ν and the angular frequency ω are expressed by the following formulas (7) and (8). It can be seen that the increase is significantly greater than shown.

  The amplitude is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 1/10 or more of the diameter of the bubble, and preferably about a width equal to or less than the diameter of the bubble. If the amplitude is too small or too large in this range, the inertial force applied to the fluid is insufficient and the force for collapsing the bubbles is weakened, and the force for micronizing the bubbles is not sufficiently applied, or Excessive vibration energy is applied, which is inefficient in terms of energy, and it is unreasonable that the components of the fluid may be separated. In addition, when the fluid is a mixture of a plurality of materials having different specific gravities, there is a risk that components will be separated if excessive vibration is applied. By applying vibration, the bubbles are gradually divided and miniaturized, so that the amplitude may be gradually decreased with the passage of time.

  By the way, if the inertial force with respect to the system of the whole fluid that is a vibration body is constant, the force per unit area acting everywhere in the system, that is, the surface pressure, can be regarded as substantially constant. Therefore, large-sized bubbles have a large surface area, and the force received as the entire surface of the bubbles is relatively large. On the other hand, small-sized bubbles have a small surface area, and the force received as the total surface area of the bubbles is relatively small. That is, small diameter bubbles are less likely to collapse than large diameter bubbles. Therefore, it can be said that it is preferable to increase the inertial force as a result of increasing the acceleration that is the basis of the inertial force in the process in which the inertial force is applied to the fluid and the bubbles are subdivided. At this time, if the amplitude is gradually decreased in accordance with the target bubble size, the acceleration can be increased by increasing the frequency accordingly.

  Further, vibration can be controlled by the frequency (frequency). Although the frequency is not particularly limited, for example, vibration of about several tens of Hz may be given. If the frequency is too large, there is a possibility that the components may be separated when the fluid is composed of a plurality of components having different specific gravities. Further, as described above, since bubbles are gradually reduced when vibration is applied, the frequency is set to be gradually increased in accordance with equations (2) to (8). May be.

  Further, the vibration can be controlled by the vibration time or the number of vibrations. Although the vibration time is not particularly limited, for example, it can be in the range of several tens of seconds to several minutes. When the fluid is solidified, it is necessary to set the vibration conditions so that the bubble miniaturization is completed before the solidification reaction is completed. Of course, there is also a fluid in which solidification does not proceed while rocking, and in this case, it may be vibrated at an appropriate time. In addition, even if it is vibrated over a certain period of time, depending on conditions, there may be bubbles that remain without defoaming, and in that case, it will lead to loss of energy to be input, so stop for about the required time Is preferred.

  Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, vibration may be controlled by further setting conditions other than those described above. For example, by heating or cooling the fluid, the interfacial tension of the internal bubbles and the internal pressure of the bubbles can be changed, and the vibration can be controlled so as to be easily miniaturized. Or you may pressurize or reduce pressure at the time of vibration. Further, at the time of vibration, an impact may be applied by applying an impulse and / or impact to the fluid. When an impact is applied to the fluid, the bubbles in the fluid are subject to striking pressure and are therefore more likely to collapse. The impulse can be generated by changing the vibration applied to the fluid to a vibration having a waveform such as a rectangular wave or a sawtooth wave. In addition, a shock wave may be applied. The impact can also be realized by configuring the system so that an object that vibrates together with the fluid causes a collision between the fluid in a shaken state and an object that is relatively displaced.

  As described above, the vibration is controlled according to one or more conditions selected from the amplitude, the frequency, and the vibration time according to the type of the fluid and / or the size of the bubbles. When a bubble is split by vibration and becomes a bubble smaller than a certain size, it may not be possible to further miniaturize the bubble that has become smaller in amplitude and frequency until then. Accordingly, the amplitude and frequency may be controlled simultaneously as the vibration time elapses, and an acceleration G that sufficiently exceeds the bubble collapse resistance may be applied to a small-sized bubble.

Further, in order to efficiently miniaturize a plurality of bubbles having different sizes, or to obtain a desired combined waveform, a vibration obtained by combining a plurality of vibration waves may be added. That is, the diameter _{d 1,} d 2 a plurality of different, ..., for each of the bubbles having a d _n, the optimum amplitudes _{A 1, A 2, ···,} A n and a vibration number omega _1, omega ₂ , ..., using a combination of ω _n , the synthesized wave f (t) is
May be set. By applying vibration by such a synthetic wave, bubbles can be efficiently miniaturized simultaneously for a variety of sizes of bubbles in a short time. Further, it may be close to its limit (that is, n → ∞ in equation (9)).

As described above, in the bubble miniaturization method according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to apply an inertial force F (t) as vibration under a predetermined condition to a fluid that is a vibration body. Yes, as vibration conditions, frequency ν (t) (or angular frequency ω (t)), amplitude A (t), vibration time t, and the like can be considered, and frequency ν (t) (or angular frequency ω (T)) and an effective viewpoint as the amplitude A (t), it is calculated from the frequency ν (or angular frequency ω) and the amplitude A and is set to exceed the gravitational acceleration 1 [G] of the earth. There is a preferable acceleration G (t), and this acceleration G (t) can define a variable inertia force F (t), for example, an inertia force F (t) whose direction is reversed up and down. Considering the relationship between the inertial force F (t) and the time t at which the inertial force F (t) is applied, the time t at which the inertial force F (t) should be applied to the fluid that is the shaker is necessary. In addition, it is necessary to exceed a sufficient predetermined time τ. Of course, if the predetermined time τ is significantly exceeded, an energy loss occurs in a warp, so it is preferable to stop at a time exceeding the predetermined time τ. Here, the essential meaning of the time t in the vibration system is that how many vibrations occur when the vibration is continued from the time t = 0 to t = τ at the frequency ν (t), that is, the flow This means that the inertial force acts on the body and is a parameter that gives how many times the upper and lower ends of the vibration are reached. Since the inertia force acts twice at the lower end, the acceleration at the frequency ν _k with respect to the amplitude A _k for the bubble B _k of a certain size is expressed as G _k (G _k (t)> 1 [G]. ), And τ _k is a necessary and sufficient time for the target bubble B _{k to} be divided and subdivided,
It is also possible to think. However, where, N is a measure value of the dimensionless relative bubble B _k of each size, 1 or a for consideration from the sum of the inertial force by acceleration in excess of [G] has enough times applied It is an indicator.

  As described above, by applying the inertial force repeatedly to the fluid that is the vibrating body, most of the bubbles in the fluid are subdivided, and by repeating such subdivision, the bubbles are refined. Realized. By miniaturization to the required area, the bubbles in the fluid are refined or defoamed to a necessary and sufficient level without any aesthetic or quality problems. However, there may be bubbles that are not miniaturized by the above means. Such types of bubbles that can remain without being refined are rarely seen especially when the fluid that is the vibration body contains fine aggregate or coarse aggregate in the paste-like fluid. It is what The structure and collapse method of this type of bubbles (hereinafter referred to as residual bubbles) will be described below.

  As described above, the residual bubbles are often formed by being surrounded by a plurality of relatively large solids such as coarse aggregates and interposing paste between the coarse aggregates (third). Mechanism). In this case, the coarse aggregate surrounding the remaining bubbles does not collapse the relative position between the coarse aggregates even if an inertial force sufficiently exceeding 1 [G] is generated, and the remaining bubbles are generated. Therefore, in order to disintegrate and subdivide the remaining bubbles under such conditions, the coarse aggregates surrounding these remaining bubbles are respectively swung and displaced, or the relative positional relationship is changed. Thus, it is necessary to destroy the structure formed by the coarse aggregate (hereinafter referred to as a bubble trapping structure).

Therefore, when the mass of the coarse aggregate η surrounding the residual bubbles is m _η , the natural frequency ν _η of the coarse aggregate _η is, for example,
By inputting the vibration V corresponding to the natural frequency ν _η to the fluid that is the vibration body, the coarse aggregate having a mass close to m _{η from} the fluid is Of the bubble trapping structure formed by the coarse aggregate surrounding the remaining bubbles, which causes vibrations vigorously unlike the other mass paste, fine aggregate, or coarse aggregate. By largely oscillating the coarse aggregate η that is a part, the interface inertia force proportional to the mass of the coarse aggregate that is the element body existing near the interface of the residual bubbles is applied, and the bubble trapping structure is destroyed. As a result, the remaining bubbles formed by the bubble trapping structure can be collapsed.

Here, k in the equation (11) is derived from viscoelasticity or the like due to the mutual relationship in the bubble trapping structure by the paste, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, etc. constituting the fluid, Assuming that it is almost uniform in the system, this can be determined in advance by experiments or the like. If the value is known, the natural frequency ν _η is determined by each element _η in the fluid. As it is proportional to the reciprocal of the square root of the mass m _η , it can be known in advance by measurement, etc. In the case of an object such as coarse aggregate, the natural frequency ν _η is a relatively small value, In the case of a thing, it becomes a relatively large value. Therefore, since it is efficient to proceed with fragmentation from large bubbles, the natural frequency ν _η applied to the fluid is targeted from larger coarse aggregates among the elements existing in the fluid. It is preferable to gradually change the frequency input as the forced vibration V by gradually changing the target coarse aggregate to a lighter one by setting a corresponding value as. At this time, the forced vibration V to be input does not necessarily have to be along the direction of vibration that gives an inertial force to the fluid, and may be parallel or orthogonal to this direction, You may do it. In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that an aggregate here may be read as an ingredient, a member, a reinforcing material, a waste material, etc.

  The fluid variable inertial force imparting device 1 can be used in the production of a precast product, for example, precast concrete. Conventionally, in the production of concrete, when solidified due to the inclusion of entrapment air or the like during molding, it remains as a dent or cavity on the surface or inside of the concrete. Since it is not preferable, for example, a makeup process or the like is performed manually on the concrete surface, which requires considerable effort and cost.

  Therefore, by applying variable inertial force to the whole fluid (green concrete), the bubbles in the fluid can be made finer and disappear, so the bubbles on the concrete surface are also made finer and no problem in appearance. can do. Moreover, by setting an appropriate amplitude, frequency, and vibration time, bubbles can be efficiently eliminated in a short time. Furthermore, according to the fluid variable inertial force imparting device 1, the bubble diameter when the bubble is assumed to be spherical may have an adverse effect on entrending air which is assumed to be about 0.025 mm to 0.25 mm. In addition, bubbles having a conspicuous size of 1 mm or more can be made fine and disappear.

  Of course, the fluid variable inertial force applying device 1 can be applied to other than the production of concrete. Moreover, it is not limited at all by the kind, blending ratio, production amount, etc. of the fluid, and the fluid can give a variable inertial force (vibration) as appropriate to the apparatus and instrument used according to the kind. What is necessary is just to add such a structure.

  The concrete described above includes concrete such as Roman concrete, fiber reinforced concrete, polymer concrete, and the like in addition to concrete that can be hardened by adding water, a filler (filler), ordinary aggregate, or the like to cement. Moreover, the mortar which uses only a fine aggregate and the cement paste which does not use an aggregate are also included. As the aggregate, any material that is usually used for concrete or a conventionally known material may be used, and sand, gravel, crushed stone, crushed glass, debris, artificial materials, waste, etc. can be used. is there. Further, the cement is not particularly limited, and for example, Portland cement, Roman cement, resin cement and the like can be used.

  The fluid-variable inertial force imparting device 1 can be suitably used for manufacturing a so-called concrete secondary product. For example, pile, pipe, flat plate, retaining wall, floor slab, floor board, wall rail, concrete block, box culvert, arch culvert, culvert, fume pipe (pipe using reinforced concrete), flume, cable trough, joint groove, curtain wall (Curtain wall, book wall), outer wall, concrete bridge, bridge, tunnel segment (shield tunnel), water distribution pipe, drain pipe, storage tank, water tank, drainage tank, street lamp, radioactive waste container, nuclear shelter, utility pole , Pavement (road), side gutter, gutter lid, manhole, assembly manhole, manhole lid, box manhole, boundary block, curbstone, car stopper block, root fixation block, interlocking block, vegetation block, protective fence, sheet pile, soundproof material, extinguishing It can be applied to the production of wave blocks, revetment blocks, sleepers, and objects (images). In addition to the above examples, the present invention can be suitably applied to the manufacture of various products, for example, products molded using a mold (precast product). For example, artificial stones, artificial marble, tiles, ceramics, porcelain, gutter members, lids, toilet bowls, tombstones, torii gates, bronze statues, Buddha statues, gypsum statues and gypsum products, glass products, various metals such as iron, aluminum, and copper The present invention can be applied to all kinds of castings, die cast products, and the like manufactured by solidifying and molding a fluid. By removing the bubbles by applying the fluid-fluctuating inertial force applying device 1, not only the appearance is improved, but also the strength is prevented from being lowered due to the generation of cavities, and a high-quality product can be provided.

  Furthermore, the fluid-fluctuating inertial force imparting device 1 includes, for example, a two-component mixed resin such as an epoxy resin, silicone, rubber, cosmetics such as lipstick and mascara, paint such as soap, colored pencil, and paint, sealing agent, It can also be applied to chemical products such as lubricants and conductive agents. That is, the present invention is not necessarily limited to those that solidify, but can be applied to those having a viscosity that allows bubbles to be held inside.

  Furthermore, the fluid-variable inertial force imparting device 1 can be applied not only to industrial products but also to food production processes. For example, it can be applied to materials that are mixed and solidified, such as when tofu is produced by adding bittern to soy milk, and there are no cavities or cavities due to air bubbles mixed when solidified, A food such as tofu having a fine surface and excellent appearance can be provided. In addition to tofu, it can also be applied to the manufacture of foods such as kamaboko and other kneaded foods, konjac, strawberries and honey. By removing bubbles, not only the appearance can be improved, but also the volume and mass distribution can be improved, and high quality products can be provided such as preventing oxidative deterioration due to bubbles. be able to.

  Hereinafter, the fluid variable inertial force imparting device 1 will be described more specifically using examples, but is not limited to the following examples.

  The procedure for producing the specimen, the vibration procedure, and the recording shooting summary procedure when raw concrete is selected as the fluid will be described below. Of course, as described above, the present invention is not limited in any way by the type, blending ratio, production amount, etc. of the fluid in the examples, and the fluid is a standard such as ISO or JIS depending on the type. It may be prepared appropriately according to a work procedure manual, protocol, recipe, and the like. Further, the vibration procedure and the recording procedure are only examples.

[Procedure 1]
Cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water were well kneaded at a weight ratio shown in Table 1 to obtain ready-mixed concrete.

[Procedure 2]
A cylindrical concrete specimen mold (container 4) having a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 100 mm was placed in a dedicated mold holder.
[Procedure 3]
About 2 kg of the required weight of ready-mixed ready-mixed concrete was poured into the container 4.
[Procedure 4]
It is a conventional procedure to level the injected ready-mixed concrete well with a stick, but when applying the process of stirring and leveling with a stick, air bubbles may or may not remain depending on the mixing method. It also affects the difference in bubble size, making it difficult to quantify, and in measuring bubble micronization, if the original bubble is too defoamed by agitation, the bubble refinement effect Since the purpose of measuring the defoaming effect cannot be fulfilled, the stirring step with a stick was not carried out. Therefore, as the procedure 4, a foamed polystyrene piece is sandwiched between the container 4 and a dedicated mold holder for the ready-mixed concrete poured into the container 4, and the dedicated mold holder By hitting the outer surface of the container with a wooden mallet, a minute impact vibration was indirectly applied so that the ready-mixed concrete was distributed almost throughout the container 4.
[Procedure 5]
A specimen was obtained in this uncured state. When applying vibration or the like, the specimen was placed together with the container 4 on the installation base 10 of the fluid variable inertial force applying device 1 and fixed to the installation base 10 via the jig 12.
[Procedure 6]
In this state, a single vertical vibration was applied to the specimen along the vibration conditions set in advance.
[Procedure 7]
After the vibration, the fluid was quickly removed from the jig 12 together with the container 4 and allowed to stand for a necessary and sufficient curing period in a non-vibrating system.
[Procedure 8]
When removing the mold, the mold was placed on a table, and the specimen was removed from the mold while breaking the mold along the half cut of the mold.
[Procedure 9]
The removed specimen is placed on the center of the rotary stage, and each time the rotary stage is rotated at a predetermined rotation angle within a horizontal plane, a photograph is taken of the peripheral surface of the specimen from a fixed point from the front. I took photos over the equivalent of a lap and recorded them.
[Procedure 10]
Of the images photographed for the entire circumference of each specimen, the circumferential images from the phase where the largest bubbles remained are arranged in a table for each vibration condition.

  The total amplitude was vibrated in increments of 0.5 mm from 1.0 to 5.0 mm for each frequency condition of frequencies 10, 20, and 30 Hz with constant time. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 9, under the vibration condition of 1 [G] or less or close to 1 [G], the bubbles are hardly refined and remain as they are. In addition, when an acceleration of a predetermined level or more is applied, there are no large-sized bubbles that were originally present, and on the other hand, subdivided relatively small bubbles remain. The amplitude here means the total amplitude (peak to peak), which corresponds to twice the so-called normal amplitude.

  Next, with respect to the vibration condition with the total amplitude of 3.5 mm at the frequency of 20 Hz and 30 Hz, which is the condition in which the bubbles are made finer in FIG. 9, the vibration time is 30 seconds from 30 seconds to 60 seconds. Then, vibration was performed from 60 seconds to 300 seconds in increments of 60 seconds. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 10, at the frequency of 20 Hz, it can be seen that the bubbles having the size remaining at the time of 30 seconds remain almost uniformly from the subsequent 60 seconds to 300 seconds. In other words, even if a constant vibration with a certain amplitude and constant acceleration is applied continuously, a larger size (which is a relatively large target that was targeted before the vibration) originally existed. It can be seen that although the bubbles are uniformly defoamed, smaller bubbles of a certain size or smaller can remain.

  Next, in FIG. 9, the total amplitude is further increased with respect to the previous stroke in which the vibration condition of 3.5 mm in total at 3.5 Hz at the frequency of 30 Hz, which is a condition in which the bubbles are refined relatively cleanly, is applied for 30 seconds. While decreasing to 0.4 mm, the vibration frequency was set to an appropriate value from 30 Hz to 262 Hz, and the vibration was applied for 30 seconds in the subsequent process. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 11, although it seems to be partially refined or defoamed partially, in practice, bubbles of the size that remained in the previous process remain after the subsequent process. It is thought that there is. That is, it can be seen that if the amplitude at the time of vibration is too small compared to the bubble size, it will not be refined or defoamed even if a vibration with a significantly large frequency or acceleration is applied.

  Further, in FIG. 9, the vibration condition is that the bubbles are finely made relatively finely, and the vibration condition is that the total amplitude is 3.5 mm at the frequency of 20 Hz, that is, the acceleration is 2.8 [G]. That is, with respect to the vibration condition obtained by oscillating for 180 seconds as the previous stroke, the total amplitude is changed from 1.8 mm to 1. in the vibration condition in which the acceleration is constant at 2.8 [G]. The pressure was lowered in increments of 0.2 mm to 0 mm, and was shaken for an additional 120 seconds as a subsequent process. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 12, the acceleration in the pre-process and the post-process is set to 2.8 [G], which is appropriately larger than 1 [G], and the amplitude of the post-process is set to about half of the pre-process. As a result, although it was subdivided from the maximum size bubbles that existed in the non-vibration state that would have remained in the previous step, the bubbles of the size that remained as subdivided bubbles After the post-process, it can be seen that further subdivision has progressed almost uniformly and has been refined. On the other hand, it can be seen that further fine bubbles remain in common in any specimen that has undergone other steps. That is, it can be said that bubbles with a small size remain so as not to react under vibration conditions with an amplitude of about 1.0 mm to 1.8 mm. In order to further miniaturize these fine bubbles, it is only necessary to apply a vibration having a smaller amplitude and a constant acceleration or higher.

  In FIG. 12, the relatively large size bubbles in the specimen having an amplitude of 1.8 mm in the post-process are bubbles that remain after the pre-process and the post-process and are residual bubbles. The types of bubbles that can remain without being refined are those that are rarely found especially when the fluid, which is a vibration body, contains fine aggregate or coarse aggregate in a paste-like fluid It is. In order to collapse this kind of residual bubbles, it is effective to destroy the aggregate surrounding the residual bubbles, particularly the bubble trapping structure formed by the coarse aggregate. It is preferable to resonate by applying vibrations of the natural frequency of the aggregate.

  Next, in FIG. 9, the condition of the previous stroke in which the vibration condition of the total amplitude of 3.5 mm at the frequency of 30 Hz, that is, the acceleration of 6.3 [G] is applied for 180 seconds, which is a condition in which the bubbles are finely made relatively clean. On the other hand, the frequency is set to 42 Hz as a condition for maintaining the acceleration at 6.3 [G] while further reducing the total amplitude to 1.8 mm which is about half of the amplitude in the previous stroke. Vibrated for 120 seconds. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 13, the acceleration in the pre-process and the post-process is both set to 6.3 [G] which is sufficiently larger than 1 [G], and the amplitude of the post-process is set to about half of the pre-process. As a result, although it was subdivided from the maximum size bubbles that existed in the non-vibration state that would have remained in the previous step, the bubbles of the size that remained as subdivided bubbles After the post-process, it can be seen that further subdivision has progressed almost uniformly and has been refined. Of course, if the surface is crushed, you can see the remaining refined bubbles as a result of sufficiently advanced miniaturization. The size of the remaining fine bubbles is less than 0.7 mm, which is sufficiently acceptable as a concrete product. Also, as can be seen from the results of FIGS. 12 and 13, assuming that the vibration conditions are appropriate, the vibration conditions, that is, the amplitude is reduced in accordance with the target bubble size as the vibration time elapses. On the other hand, it can be said that it is effective to change the frequency so as to keep the acceleration at a certain level or higher.

  As another example, a fluid made of only cement, fine aggregate, and water and not containing coarse aggregate is injected into a rectangular parallelepiped mold, and immediately after that, the total amplitude is 2.0 mm and the frequency is 30 Hz. FIG. 14 summarizes the results obtained by inputting the vibrations in the vertical direction together with the container and applying vibration. In this example, it can be seen that, since there is no coarse aggregate in the fluid, if the vibration is continued for a predetermined time or more, the bubbles are refined and defoamed to such an extent that they are hardly visible.

  FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the fluid variable inertial force applying apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. The fluid-variable inertial force imparting device 1 includes a control unit 50 that comprehensively controls each unit. The control unit 50 is connected to the reciprocating actuator 14, the storage unit 52, the measurement unit 54, the input unit 56, and the display unit 58. The storage unit 52 is a storage device such as a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a semiconductor memory element such as a flash memory, a hard disk, or the like, and is vibrated by the reciprocating actuator 14. (Amplitude, vibration frequency, acceleration, vibration direction, vibration frequency, waveform, vibration time, etc.), threshold value of the bubble size in the fluid, inertial force information associated with vibration of the reciprocating actuator 14 (vibration frequency, vibration) Time etc.) is stored.

  The detection unit 54 detects the physical state of the fluid in the storage container 4 and here detects the size of bubbles in the fluid. Therefore, the detection unit 54 includes a camera that can photograph the fluid in the container 4 from the outside, an arithmetic circuit that detects bubbles from the photographed image, and analyzes the size of the bubbles. The physical state may be the magnitude of acceleration acting on the fluid, in which case the detection unit 54 detects the acceleration acting on the fluid based on the acceleration output from the acceleration sensor installed in the container 4. To do.

  The input unit 56 receives the operation of the operator and outputs the operation content to the CPU 50. The input unit 56 is a keyboard, a mouse, a lever, a touch sensor provided integrally with a display, and / or a microphone for performing voice input.

  The display unit 58 is a display that displays various screens such as an operation screen and a menu screen. Specifically, the display unit 58 is a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL (Electroluminescence) display, or the like. A speaker that outputs voice guidance may be provided together with the display unit 58.

  Next, the vibration control (control of variable inertial force application) by the fluid variable inertial force applying device 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The control unit 50 of the fluid-fluid inertial force applying device 1 reads the vibration setting from the storage unit 52 and vibrates the installation table 10 via the reciprocating actuator 14 so as to vibrate according to the setting. (Step S1). Instead of reading the vibration setting from the storage unit 52, the vibration setting may be input to the input unit 56. In this case, the control unit 50 displays a variation range and variation number input field on the display unit 58, guidance for prompting the input of variation, and the like, and accepts an input by the input unit 56.

  Further, the fluctuation range and / or the fluctuation number of the fluctuation caused by the reciprocating actuator 14 is set so that acceleration exceeding 1 [G] is applied to the fluid by the variable inertia force from the above-described embodiment. Thereby, the installation base 10 fluctuates in the vertical direction, that is, reciprocates, and the container 4 fixed to the installation base 10 reciprocates in the vertical direction. The fluid accommodated in the container 4 is given a uniform and variable inertia force throughout the whole by the reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, and the bubbles in the fluid are refined or defoamed.

  The control part 50 detects the bubble in the fluid in the container 4 by the detection part 54 (step S2). The control unit 50 measures the size of each detected bubble and determines whether or not a bubble having a size equal to or larger than the threshold is present (step S3). When there is a bubble having a size equal to or larger than the threshold (step S3, Yes), the control unit 50 returns to step S2 and continues to detect the size of the bubble in the fluid.

  When there is no bubble having a size equal to or larger than the threshold (No in step S3), the control unit 50 performs drive control of the reciprocating actuator 14 based on the size of the existing bubble, and changes the setting of fluctuation. (Step S4). That is, when the detected bubble size is less than the bubble size threshold value stored in the storage unit 52, the control unit 50 changes the setting of fluctuation. This is because when the bubble size is reduced to a predetermined size, the bubble size does not change even if vibration is continued.

  Therefore, when the bubble size becomes less than the threshold value, the number of fluctuations and / or the fluctuation range is changed while maintaining the acceleration at a certain level or higher. The change at this time may be either a case where the fluctuation number is decreased and the fluctuation width is increased, or a case where the fluctuation number is increased and the fluctuation width is reduced, but the fluctuation width is reduced based on the results of FIGS. 12 and 13 described above. Thus, it is preferable to increase the number of fluctuations. The control unit 50 repeats the vibration processing until the bubbles detected in Steps S1 to S4 are less than the desired size until the bubbles are less than the desired size.

  Note that the control unit 50 may control the variation so that the acceleration can change. Accordingly, the acceleration and / or fluctuation range may be changed while keeping the fluctuation number constant, or the acceleration and / or fluctuation number may be changed while keeping the fluctuation width constant. If the acceleration is set to 1 [G] (one times the gravitational acceleration on the earth) or less, the bubbles are not refined or defoamed, so the acceleration is set to exceed 1 [G]. In addition, the control by the control unit 50 controls not only the size of bubbles but also abnormal operations and abnormal movement of the fluid, for example, separation of components constituting the fluid, abnormal flow, and the like. It is preferable to configure. When an abnormal phenomenon is detected, the number of fluctuations, fluctuation width, acceleration, or the like may be changed, or the fluctuation itself may be stopped, for example.

  When the fluid is so transparent that the fluid can visually recognize the internal bubbles from the outside, the control unit 50 measures the size of the bubbles in the fluid using the measurement unit 54 as described above, and according to the size of the bubbles. By performing the feedback control that sets the fluctuations, the bubbles in the fluid can be surely refined or defoamed to less than the desired size. Therefore, it has good aesthetics, and high-quality products can be efficiently manufactured at low cost.

  Note that the excitation control may be performed without using feedback control. For example, the variation time as the inertial force information may be measured, and the variation setting may be changed according to the variation time. With reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 17, the excitation control based on the variation time will be described. The control unit 50 reads the setting of variation from the storage unit 52, and moves the installation table 10 via the reciprocating actuator 14 so as to vary according to the setting (step SA1). Instead of reading the setting of variation from the storage unit 52, the setting of variation may be input to the input unit 56.

  The control unit 50 measures the fluctuation time from the start of the movement of the fluctuation base 10 by using the timekeeping function (Step SA2), and determines whether or not the fluctuation time has become a threshold (for example, 30 seconds) (Step SA3). When the variation time is less than the threshold (No at Step SA3), the control unit 50 continues to determine whether or not the variation time has become the threshold.

  When the variation time becomes the threshold (step SA3, Yes), the control unit 50 changes the variation setting (step SA4). Therefore, the number of fluctuations and / or the fluctuation range is changed while maintaining the acceleration at a certain level or more as the fluctuation time elapses. In addition, after changing the setting of the fluctuation, the control section 50 performs fluctuation for a predetermined time and ends the motion control.

  It should be noted that the relationship between the variation time and the variation setting can be set as appropriate, and may be set according to the type and properties of the fluid, the size of bubbles due to miniaturization, and the like. In addition, in refinement | miniaturization or defoaming of the bubble in ready-mixed concrete, it is preferable to set in consideration of the acceleration, the number of fluctuations, fluctuation width, fluctuation time, etc. which were shown in FIGS.

  In addition, in the additive control that does not use the feedback control described above, the case where the variation time is applied has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The change of the variation may be changed. In addition, in the excitation control, an acceleration sensor may be provided in the container, and the excitation control may be performed while the control unit 50 monitors the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor. For example, when there is a difference between the set acceleration and the measured acceleration, the motion control is performed so that the measured acceleration becomes the set acceleration.

  In the above-described embodiment, the fluctuation may be read as vibration, the excitation as vibration, the fluctuation number as vibration frequency, and the fluctuation width as amplitude, and the jig may be replaced with the wall portion 16 and the closing portion 18. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 18 (a), four columns 62 arranged so as to surround the central portion of the installation base 10 and a detachable fixing plate 64 installed so as to bridge between the columns 62 are cured. The tool 60 may be configured. A pressing portion 64 a is disposed on the lower surface of the fixed plate 64. The pressing portion 64 a has elasticity such as resin or rubber and protrudes downward along the surface direction of the fixed plate 64.

  When the jig 60 is provided, when the storage container 4 is placed on the mounting table 10, the fixing plate 64 is first removed to open the upper space surrounded by the four cylinders 62, and the storage container is interposed via the upper space. 4 is placed at the center of the space surrounded by the cylinder 62. Or it mounts in the center part of the space enclosed by the cylinder 62 through between the cylinders 62 along a horizontal direction. Then, by holding the fixing plate 64, the pressing portion 64a presses the container 4 downward, that is, on the installation base 10 side. Accordingly, the container 4 is sandwiched and fixed between the installation base 10 and the fixing plate 64.

  Note that the number of the cylinders 62 is not limited to four, and can be set as appropriate. The installation method of the fixing plate 64 can also be set as appropriate. For example, as shown in FIG. 18 (b), three columnar parts 62 are arranged on the mounting table 10, and a connecting plate (not shown) is installed between any of the columnar parts 62 to connect to the fixed plate 64. The plate may be connected via a hinge 66 to constitute a jig. In this way, the fixing plate 64 may be arranged to be openable and closable.

  Further, the jig is not limited to a jig that holds and holds the upper surface of the container 4. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, when the storage container 4 has the rib 4 a at the lower end, the jig 70 may be anything that engages with the rib 4 a and restricts the movement of the storage container 4 in the vertical direction. . That is, the jig 70 includes a standing portion 72 that is fixed to the mounting table 10 and stands in the vertical direction, and a locking claw 74 that is formed at the tip of the standing portion 72.

  The locking claw 74 protrudes inward in the surface direction of the outer peripheral surface of the mounting table 10. Accordingly, a space in which the rib 4a can be fitted is formed between the locking claw 74 and the mounting table 10. By inserting the rib 4a into the space, the receiving container 4 is engaged with the jig 70 and the movement in the vertical direction (vibration direction) is restricted and fixed. Of course, the position of the rib 4a of the storage container 4 is not limited to the lower end portion, and can be appropriately set such as the upper end portion or between the lower end portion and the upper end portion. In the jig 70, the length in the height direction of the standing portion 72 is set so as to correspond to the position in the height direction of the rib 4a.

  In addition, although the case where one of the number of fluctuations, the fluctuation range, and the acceleration that defines the variable inertial force is kept at a predetermined value and the other is changed is described as an example, of course, the present invention is not limited to this. Absent. That is, two elements of the number of fluctuations, fluctuation width, and acceleration may be kept at a predetermined level. In this case, when two elements are determined, the remaining elements are also determined, and the number of fluctuations, fluctuation width, and acceleration are all kept constant.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fluid fluctuation | variation inertial force provision apparatus, 4 ... Container, 10 ... Installation stand, 12, 60, 70 ... Jig, 14 ... Reciprocating actuator, 14a ... Drive rod, 16 ... Wall part, 16a ... Groove, 18 ... Occlusion part, 18a ... Side part, 18b ... Lid part, 20, 30, 40 ... Fluid, 22, 34, 41 ... Bubble, 31, 42 ... Coarse aggregate, 32, 43 ... Fine aggregate, 33, 44 ... Cement paste 50 ... Control part 52 ... Storage part 54 ... Measurement part 56 ... Input part 58 ... Display part 62 ... Cylinder part 64 ... Fixed plate 64a ... Presser part 66 ... Hinge 72 ... standing part, 74 ... locking piece.

Claims (15)

An installation table for installing a container containing a fluid containing bubbles and / or voids;
An inertial force applying means for uniformly applying a variable inertial force to the entire fluid in the container installed on the installation table;
A variable inertial force imparting device comprising:
The inertial force imparting device imparts an inertial force due to an acceleration exceeding 1 times (1 G) of the gravitational acceleration of the earth.   Control means and / or drive for changing the other while maintaining any one of the fluctuation range, the number of fluctuations per unit time, and the acceleration that regulate the inertial force applied to the whole fluid by the inertial force applying means The variable inertial force imparting device according to claim 1, further comprising: means. Having detection means for detecting the physical state of the fluid in the container;
The control means and / or the drive means changes one or more of the number of fluctuations, fluctuation width per unit time, and acceleration when the physical state detected by the detection means is a predetermined state. The variable inertial force imparting device according to claim 1. A counter for measuring inertial force information starting from the start of applying inertial force by the inertial force applying means;
The said control means and / or a drive means change any one or more of a fluctuation number, a fluctuation range, and an acceleration, when the inertial force information by the said counter exceeds a threshold value. Variable inertia force imparting device.   5. The variable inertial force applying device according to claim 4, wherein the inertial force information is a time and / or a number of times the variable inertial force is applied to the installation base by the inertial force applying unit. . The inertial force applying means is a changing unit that changes the installation table so as to reciprocate in a predetermined direction,
A fixing means capable of detachably fixing the container to the variable portion;
The fixing means is
A standing portion for fixing the container within a predetermined range;
The variable inertial force imparting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a holding portion capable of holding the container disposed within the predetermined range while pressing the container in the changing direction.   The variable inertial force applying apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the changing direction is a vertical direction or a horizontal direction. An installation table for installing a container containing a fluid containing bubbles;
Reciprocating the installation table in a predetermined direction, and a variable portion as a variable force applying means for uniformly applying a variable inertial force to the fluid in the container;
Fixing means capable of detachably fixing the container with respect to the variable part,
The fixing means is
A standing portion for fixing the container within a predetermined range;
And a holding part capable of holding the container disposed within the predetermined range while pressing the container in a changing direction. A variable inertia force applying device having an inertial force that uniformly applies a variable inertial force to a fluid containing bubbles and / or voids contained in a container,
The inertial force imparting device imparts an inertial force due to an acceleration exceeding 1 times (1 G) of the gravitational acceleration of the earth. To an inertial force imparting device having an installation base for installing a container containing a fluid containing bubbles and / or voids,
An inertial force exceeding 1 times the earth's gravitational acceleration (1G) can be applied to the fluid, and any one or more of the fluctuation range that defines the inertial force, the number of fluctuations per unit time, and the acceleration is constant. And executing an inertial force application step for uniformly applying a variable inertial force to the entire fluid contained in the container.   The inertial force applying step is characterized in that the other is changed while keeping any one of a fluctuation range defining the inertial force applied to the fluid, a fluctuation number per unit time, and an acceleration constant. Item 15. The variable inertial force imparting program according to Item 10. A detection step of detecting a physical state of the fluid in the container is further performed,
The said inertial force provision step changes any one or more of the number of fluctuation | variation, the fluctuation | variation width per unit time, and an acceleration, when the detected physical state is a predetermined state. The variable inertial force application program described. Further executing a step of measuring inertial force information starting from the start of application of the inertial force,
The variable inertia according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein when the inertial force information exceeds a threshold value, one or more of the number of fluctuations, the fluctuation width per unit time, and the acceleration are changed. Power grant program.   14. The variable inertia force application program apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the inertia force information is a time during which a variable inertia force is applied to the installation base and / or a number of times of change. 15. The variable inertia force application program according to claim 10, wherein a variable inertia force is applied by reciprocating the installation base in a predetermined direction.